Failure analysis method for railway signal relay

Abstract

The invention relates to a railway signal relay technology, and discloses a railway signal relay failure analysis method, which comprises the following steps: testing contact voltage drop and open-circuit voltage of a contact of a failure relay to obtain a reliability test result of the failure relay; when the reliability test result is abnormal, determining an abnormal frequency in the plurality of frequencies and an abnormal contact voltage drop in the plurality of contact voltage drops according to the time when the reliability test result of the failed relay is abnormal, the plurality of frequencies in a preset vibration environment and the plurality of contact voltage drops obtained by testing the contact voltage drops of the contacts; obtaining a reliability test result of the failed relay in the preset vibration environment; for the contact of the failed relay, obtaining a contact test result of the failed relay according to the morphological characteristics and the surface element composition quality of the contact area, in contact with the electronic device, of the contact; and analyzing the failure reason of the failed relay in combination with all test results of the failed relay.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway signal relays, and in particular to a failure analysis method of railway signal relays. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid economic development, the current requirements for the transportation efficiency of the railway system are also more efficient, which inevitably requires the railway signal system to be safe, stable and reliable. Even if a failure occurs, it must be dealt with immediately, including ensuring that the cause of the failure is quickly found and measures are taken immediately to restore it as soon as possible.

[0003] For example, railway signal relays may fail during use due to various reasons such as the use environment, product quality, application circuit, and usage method. In order to find the cause as soon as possible and prevent such phenomenon from happening again, a failure analysis method for railway signal relays is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a failure analysis method for a railway signal relay, which can analyze the cause of the failure of the railway signal relay.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a failure analysis method for a railway signal relay, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Testing the contact voltage drop and open circuit voltage of the contacts of the failed relay to obtain the reliability test result of the failed relay;

[0007] When the reliability test result of the failed relay is abnormal, according to the time when the reliability test result of the failed relay is abnormal, the multiple frequencies of the failed relay in the preset vibration environment, and the multiple contact voltage drops obtained by testing the contact voltage drop of the contacts of the failed relay, determine the abnormal frequency among the multiple frequencies and the abnormal contact voltage drop among the multiple contact voltage drops, so as to obtain the reliability test result of the failed relay in the preset vibration environment;

[0008] For the contacts of the failed relay, judging whether the contacts of the failed relay have poor contact according to the morphological characteristics of the contact area of ​​the contacts that are in contact with the electronic device and the quality of the surface element composition, so as to obtain the contact test results of the failed relay;

[0009] Combined with the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under the preset vibration environment and the contact test results, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the morphological features of the contact area of ​​the contact of the failed relay include: the surface ten-point height of the contact, the surface maximum peak height, the surface maximum valley depth, the surface arithmetic mean deviation, the surface root mean square deviation, the skewness of the surface height distribution, and the kurtosis of the surface height distribution.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the analyzing the failure cause of the failed relay includes:

[0012] The working value, release value, reverse working value, coil resistance value and contact resistance value of the failed relay are tested respectively to obtain the electrical characteristic test results of the failed relay;

[0013] The pull-in time, release time and slow-down time of the failure relay are tested respectively to obtain the time characteristic test results of the failure relay;

[0014] The contact pressure, contact gap, support gap and contact alignment of the failed relay are tested respectively to obtain the mechanical characteristic test results of the failed relay;

[0015] The failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed by combining the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under a preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results and the mechanical characteristics test results.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, the analyzing the failure cause of the failed relay includes:

[0017] Conduct contact bounce time test, magnetic circuit air gap test and insulation withstand voltage test on the failed relay respectively, and other test results of the failed relay;

[0018] Combined with the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under a preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results, the mechanical characteristics test results and other test results, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed.

[0019] In some optional embodiments, the analyzing the failure cause of the failed relay includes:

[0020] Check whether the base of the failed relay is damaged or cracked, whether the outer cover is bumped or defective, whether the contact piece is deformed by impact, whether the armature is loose due to strong vibration, and whether the parts are damp and corroded, and obtain the appearance test results of the failed relay;

[0021] Based on the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under the preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results, the mechanical characteristics test results, other test results and the appearance test results, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed.

[0022] In some optional embodiments, the analyzing the failure cause of the failed relay includes:

[0023] Use microscopic analysis equipment to observe whether there are foreign objects on the contact edge of the failed relay that cause poor contact and microscopic changes in the electroplating on the surface of the parts, and obtain the microscopic test results of the failed relay;

[0024] Based on the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under the preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results, the mechanical characteristics test results, other test results, the appearance test results and the microscopic test results, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed.

[0025] In some optional embodiments, before analyzing the failure cause of the failed relay, the method includes:

[0026] The reliability test results of failed relays, reliability test results under preset vibration environment, contact test results, electrical characteristics test results, time characteristics test results, mechanical characteristics test results, other test results, appearance test results and microscopic test results are de-dimensionalized.

[0027] In some optional embodiments, the analyzing the failure cause of the failed relay includes:

[0028] According to the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results in the preset vibration environment and the contact test results, as well as the ratio factors preset for the reliability of the failed relay, the reliability in the preset vibration environment and the contact respectively, the cause of the highest probability of failure of the failed relay in the reliability test results, the reliability test results in the preset vibration environment and the contact test results is located.

[0029] The failure analysis method of railway signal relay provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention tests various conditions that may cause relay failure by performing different types of tests on failed relays, including reliability test results, reliability tests under a preset vibration environment, and contact tests, and comprehensively considers the failure factors. The failure causes of the relays are analyzed in combination with these test results, and the causes of relay failure can be effectively located so that the relays can be repaired in a timely manner.

[0031] Furthermore, when performing reliability testing on a failed relay under a preset vibration environment, the time when the reliability test results are abnormal, the multiple frequencies of the failed relay under the preset vibration environment, and the multiple contact voltage drops obtained by testing the contact voltage drops of the failed relay are combined. Based on this, the abnormal frequencies among the multiple frequencies and the abnormal contact voltage drops among the multiple contact voltage drops can be accurately determined to improve the reliability test accuracy of the failed relay under the preset vibration environment. At the same time, when performing contact testing on a failed relay, the morphological characteristics of the contact area of ​​the contact that contacts the electronic device and the quality of the surface element composition are used as the basis, so that it can be detected whether the contact of the failed relay is in poor contact, and the contact test accuracy of the failed relay is improved, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the cause of relay failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by the pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplary descriptions do not constitute limitations on the embodiments.

[0033] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a failure analysis method of a railway signal relay provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a change trend of a contact pressure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a change trend of an electrical characteristic provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a change trend of contact resistance provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a change trend of an absolute gap provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a change trend of a dimensionless parameter provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the embodiments of the present invention, many technical details are proposed in order to enable the reader to better understand the present invention. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical scheme claimed in the present invention can be implemented. The division of the following embodiments is for the convenience of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of the present invention. The various embodiments can be combined and referenced with each other without contradiction.

[0040] An embodiment of the present invention relates to a failure analysis method for a railway signal relay. The implementation details of the failure analysis method for a railway signal relay of this embodiment are specifically described below. The following content is only the implementation details provided for the convenience of understanding and is not necessary for implementing this solution.

[0041] The specific process of the failure analysis method of the railway signal relay of this embodiment can be as follows: Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0042] Step 101 : testing the contact voltage drop and open circuit voltage of the contacts of the failed relay to obtain the reliability test result of the failed relay.

[0043] Specifically, a reliability test is performed on the failed relay to obtain a reliability test result of the failed relay; wherein the reliability test includes testing the contact voltage drop and the contact open circuit voltage of the failed relay respectively.

[0044] Step 102, when the reliability test result of the failed relay is abnormal, determine the abnormal frequency among the multiple frequencies and the abnormal contact voltage drop among the multiple contact voltage drops according to the time when the reliability test result of the failed relay becomes abnormal, the multiple frequencies of the failed relay under a preset vibration environment, and the multiple contact voltage drops obtained by testing the contact voltage drop of the contacts of the failed relay, so as to obtain the reliability test result of the failed relay under the preset vibration environment.

[0045] Specifically, the acquisition frequency and contact pressure value of the failed relay under different vibration environments are first detected, and then the acquisition frequency and contact pressure value are used to determine whether the failed relay has poor contact, so as to obtain the vibration test result of the failed relay.

[0046] The reliability test results under the preset vibration environment are obtained through the following steps:

[0047] The failed relay is firmly installed on the vibration test fixture according to the working position, and the vibration test fixture is firmly fixed to the vibration table of the vibration test system; 28 leads are welded behind the relay socket on the test fixture to connect with the relay socket of the corresponding workstation of the relay reliability test system; according to the actual working conditions of the railway signal relay, the corresponding vibration test conditions are set on the vibration test system, such as acceleration, displacement, frequency and other parameter values; the corresponding reliability test conditions are set on the relay reliability test system, such as relay state, acquisition frequency, test time, judgment threshold and other parameter values; first start the test program of the relay reliability test system, and then start the vibration test system to start the vibration test; observe the vibration of the relay on the vibration test system at any time, and observe the flickering of the corresponding light position on the relay reliability test system, and record the time when the flickering is abnormal; if the corresponding light position of the relay reliability test system flickers abnormally, compare the recorded flickering abnormal time with the frequency value of the vibration test system and the contact voltage drop spectrum of the contact real-time detection system of the relay reliability test system to determine the abnormal frequency value, contact voltage drop value, etc.; the reliability of the failed relay under the vibration test conditions is finally determined through the test data.

[0048] Step 103, for the contacts of the failed relay, judging whether the contacts of the failed relay have poor contact according to the morphological characteristics of the contact area of ​​the contacts that are in contact with the electronic device and the quality of the surface element composition, so as to obtain the contact test result of the failed relay.

[0049] Among them, the morphological characteristics of the contact area of ​​the failed relay contact include the surface ten-point height of the contact, the surface maximum peak height, the surface maximum valley depth, the surface arithmetic mean deviation, the surface root mean square deviation, the skewness of the surface height distribution and the kurtosis of the surface height distribution.

[0050] In the specific implementation, the contact test results of the failed relay are obtained through the following steps: the contacts with poor contact on the failed relay on site are cut off with professional tools and installed on the stage of the scanning electron microscope; the contacts are magnified 50 times, the full morphology of the contacts is analyzed, the actual contact area is determined, and the central contact area is further magnified; the morphological characteristics of the contact surface are analyzed at a certain magnification, and relevant means are used to confirm the Sz (surface ten-point height), Sp (surface maximum peak height), Sv (surface maximum valley depth), Sa (surface arithmetic mean deviation), Sq (surface The method comprises the following steps: determining the contact parameters such as root mean square deviation (RMS), Ssk (skewness of surface height distribution), and Sku (kurtosis of surface height distribution); selectively circling the entire contact area, and performing regional scanning on the circled area to obtain the mass percentage of the surface element components in the area; performing point scanning on the characteristic position in the circled area to analyze the mass percentage of the element components at the characteristic point; performing line scanning on the characteristic position in the circled area to analyze the mass percentage of the element components on the characteristic line; combining the morphological characteristics and element composition analysis data in the contact area of ​​the contactor, performing correlation analysis on the phenomenon of poor contact at the contact point.

[0051] Step 104 , analyzing the failure cause of the failed relay based on the reliability test result of the failed relay, the reliability test result under a preset vibration environment, and the contact test result.

[0052] In one example, when analyzing the failure cause of a failed relay, the working value, release value, reverse working value, coil resistance value and contact resistance value of the failed relay are tested respectively to obtain the electrical characteristic test results of the failed relay; and the pull-in time, release time and release time of the failed relay are tested respectively to obtain the time characteristic test results of the failed relay; and the contact pressure, contact gap, support gap and contact alignment of the failed relay are tested respectively to obtain the mechanical characteristic test results of the failed relay; finally, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed in combination with the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under a preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristic test results, the time characteristic test results and the mechanical characteristic test results.

[0053] In one example, when analyzing the failure cause of a failed relay, the failed relay is also subjected to contact bounce time test, magnetic circuit air gap test and insulation withstand voltage test respectively, so as to compare other test results of the failed relay. At this time, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed by combining the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under a preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results, the mechanical characteristics test results and other test results.

[0054] In one example, when analyzing the failure cause of a failed relay, it is also necessary to check whether the base of the failed relay is damaged or cracked, whether the outer cover is bumped or defective, whether the contact piece is deformed by impact, whether the armature is loose due to strong vibration, and whether the parts are damp and corroded, so as to obtain the appearance test result of the failed relay. At this time, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed by combining the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under the preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results, the mechanical characteristics test results, other test results and the appearance test results.

[0055] In one example, when analyzing the failure cause of a failed relay, a microscopic analysis device is also used to observe whether there are foreign objects on the contact edge of the failed relay that cause poor contact and microscopic changes in the surface plating of the components to obtain the microscopic test results of the failed relay. At this time, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed by combining the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under a preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results, the mechanical characteristics test results, other test results, the appearance test results and the microscopic test results.

[0056] In one example, before analyzing the failure cause of a failed relay, the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under a preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results, the mechanical characteristics test results, other test results, the appearance test results, and the microscopic test results are first de-dimensionalized.

[0057] Specifically, when the most relevant parameters in each category of test results are integrated and analyzed, different performance parameters characterize different relay failure conditions, and different performance parameters have different dimensions. For example, the dimension of the relay's working value is voltage (V), the dimension of the contact resistance is resistance (mΩ), and the pull-in time is time (ms). Therefore, before the performance parameters are integrated, they need to be dimensioned to eliminate the impact of the parameter dimension and numerical value on the relay performance analysis.

[0058] In a specific implementation, when analyzing the failure cause of the failed relay, based on the above-mentioned various test results and the ratio factors preset for various tests, the cause with the highest probability of causing the failed relay to fail in various test results is located.

[0059] In this embodiment, by performing different types of tests on the failed relay, including reliability test results, reliability test under a preset vibration environment, and contact test, various conditions that may cause the relay to fail are tested, and the failure factors are considered comprehensively. By analyzing the failure cause of the relay in combination with these test results, the cause of the relay failure can be effectively located and repaired in time. In addition, when performing reliability test on the failed relay under a preset vibration environment, the time when the reliability test result is abnormal, the multiple frequencies of the failed relay under the preset vibration environment, and the multiple contact voltage drops obtained by testing the contact voltage drop of the contact of the failed relay are combined at the same time. Based on this, the abnormal frequency among the multiple frequencies and the abnormal contact voltage drop among the multiple contact voltage drops can be accurately determined to improve the reliability test accuracy of the failed relay under the preset vibration environment. At the same time, when performing contact test on the failed relay, the morphological characteristics of the contact area of ​​the contact contacting the electronic device and the quality of the surface element composition of the contact are used, so that it can be detected whether the contact of the failed relay is in poor contact, and the contact test accuracy of the failed relay is improved, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the cause of the relay failure.

[0060] In some embodiments, the testing of a failed relay also includes the following:

[0061] (1) Check whether the base of the failed relay is damaged or cracked, whether the outer cover is bumped or defective, whether the contact piece is deformed by impact, whether the armature is loose due to strong vibration, and whether the parts are damp and corroded, and obtain the appearance test results of the failed relay.

[0062] (2) Use microscopic analysis equipment to observe whether there are foreign objects on the contact edges of the failed relay that cause poor contact and the microscopic changes in the electroplating on the surface of the components to obtain the microscopic test results of the failed relay.

[0063] (3) Conduct contact bounce time test, magnetic circuit air gap test and insulation withstand voltage test on the failed relay to obtain other test results of the failed relay.

[0064] At this time, when analyzing the failure cause of the failed relay, the above embodiments and any one or several test results of this embodiment can be combined to improve the analysis accuracy of the failure cause of the failed relay and accurately locate the failure cause of the relay.

[0065] In some embodiments, when analyzing the failure cause of a failed relay, according to the actual physical meaning of different performance parameters, a ratio factor R is introduced to determine the probability of the cause of relay failure by uniformly adopting the degree of distance between the current relay performance parameter value and the unqualified critical value of the parameter. The larger the ratio factor value, the greater the probability that the relay fails; the smaller the ratio factor value, the smaller the probability that the relay fails.

[0066] Among them, the unqualified critical values ​​are shown in Table 1:

[0067] Table 1

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Assume that the subscript set of performance parameters with unqualified upper limits is A, and the subscript set of other performance parameters with unqualified lower limits is B. The calculation formula of the ratio factor R of the two performance parameters is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Where, X is the test value of a certain performance parameter; max is the maximum critical value; X max The ratio factor R is calculated by taking the make contact pressure, break contact pressure, absolute gap, working value, release value and contact resistance value of the relay as examples.

[0073] Among them, the test values ​​of some performance parameters are shown in Table 2, and the trend diagrams of each parameter are shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown.

[0074] Table 2

[0075]

[0076] It can be seen that as the number of operations increases, the contact pressure, release voltage, and absolute gap parameters show an overall downward trend, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the contact resistance, pull-in voltage and other parameters are on the rise. Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown.

[0077] After de-dimensionalizing the six parameters such as docking point pressure, release voltage, and absolute gap, the results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the consistency of dimensions ensures the effectiveness of subsequent performance parameter fusion.

[0078] Table 3

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] After de-dimensionalization, all performance parameters show an upward trend, that is, the increase in the value of the performance parameter ratio factor represents the degradation of relay performance, which means that as the relay is used for a period of time and the number of operations increases, the performance parameters are getting closer and closer to the lower limit or upper limit specified in the standard. If any parameter exceeds the specified upper limit or lower limit, it is the main cause of the failure.

[0082] The steps of the above methods are divided only for clear description. When implemented, they can be combined into one step or some steps can be split and decomposed into multiple steps. As long as they include the same logical relationship, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0083] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above embodiments are specific embodiments of the present invention, and in practical applications, various changes can be made to them in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, so the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention shall be based on the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A failure analysis method for a railway signal relay, characterized in that: include: Testing the contact voltage drop and open circuit voltage of the contacts of the failed relay to obtain the reliability test result of the failed relay; When the reliability test result of the failed relay is abnormal, according to the time when the reliability test result of the failed relay is abnormal, the multiple frequencies of the failed relay in the preset vibration environment, and the multiple contact voltage drops obtained by testing the contact voltage drop of the contacts of the failed relay, determine the abnormal frequency among the multiple frequencies and the abnormal contact voltage drop among the multiple contact voltage drops, so as to obtain the reliability test result of the failed relay in the preset vibration environment; For the contacts of the failed relay, judging whether the contacts of the failed relay have poor contact according to the morphological characteristics of the contact area of ​​the contacts that are in contact with the electronic device and the quality of the surface element composition, so as to obtain the contact test results of the failed relay; Combined with the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under the preset vibration environment and the contact test results, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed.

2. The failure analysis method of railway signal relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The morphological features of the contact area of ​​the contact of the failed relay include: the surface ten-point height of the contact, the surface maximum peak height, the surface maximum valley depth, the surface arithmetic mean deviation, the surface root mean square deviation, the skewness of the surface height distribution and the kurtosis of the surface height distribution.

3. The failure analysis method of railway signal relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis of the failure cause of the failed relay includes: The working value, release value, reverse working value, coil resistance value and contact resistance value of the failed relay are tested respectively to obtain the electrical characteristic test results of the failed relay; The pull-in time, release time and slow-down time of the failure relay are tested respectively to obtain the time characteristic test results of the failure relay; The contact pressure, contact gap, support gap and contact alignment of the failed relay are tested respectively to obtain the mechanical characteristic test results of the failed relay; The failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed by combining the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under a preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results and the mechanical characteristics test results.

4. The failure analysis method of railway signal relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The analysis of the failure cause of the failed relay includes: Conduct contact bounce time test, magnetic circuit air gap test and insulation withstand voltage test on the failed relay respectively, and other test results of the failed relay; Combined with the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under a preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results, the mechanical characteristics test results and other test results, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed.

5. The failure analysis method of railway signal relay according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analysis of the failure cause of the failed relay includes: Check whether the base of the failed relay is damaged or cracked, whether the outer cover is bumped or defective, whether the contact piece is deformed by impact, whether the armature is loose due to strong vibration, and whether the parts are damp and corroded, and obtain the appearance test results of the failed relay; Based on the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under the preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results, the mechanical characteristics test results, other test results and the appearance test results, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed.

6. The failure analysis method of railway signal relay according to claim 5, characterized in that: The analysis of the failure cause of the failed relay includes: Use microscopic analysis equipment to observe whether there are foreign objects on the contact edge of the failed relay that cause poor contact and microscopic changes in the electroplating on the surface of the parts, and obtain the microscopic test results of the failed relay; Based on the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results under the preset vibration environment, the contact test results, the electrical characteristics test results, the time characteristics test results, the mechanical characteristics test results, other test results, the appearance test results and the microscopic test results, the failure cause of the failed relay is analyzed.

7. The failure analysis method of railway signal relay according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before analyzing the failure cause of the failed relay, the following steps are included: The reliability test results of failed relays, reliability test results under preset vibration environment, contact test results, electrical characteristics test results, time characteristics test results, mechanical characteristics test results, other test results, appearance test results and microscopic test results are de-dimensionalized.

8. The failure analysis method of railway signal relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis of the failure cause of the failed relay includes: According to the reliability test results of the failed relay, the reliability test results in the preset vibration environment and the contact test results, as well as the ratio factors preset for the reliability of the failed relay, the reliability in the preset vibration environment and the contact respectively, the cause of the highest probability of failure of the failed relay in the reliability test results, the reliability test results in the preset vibration environment and the contact test results is located.

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