Earthquake simulation analysis method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides an earthquake simulation analysis method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the wave field continuation of a seismic source wavelet through employing a finite difference sound wave equation, and enabling the seismic source wavelet after the wave field continuation to act on a three-dimensional speed model; obtaining a seismic record generated when the seismic source wavelet after the wave field continuation acts on the three-dimensional speed model through an observation system; dividing the data of the seismic record to obtain OVT sheets, and numbering the OVT sheets; selecting the OVT pieces with the same serial number to form primary observation data; performing OVT domain true earth surface true velocity pre-stack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result; the migration imaging results are sorted, and an OVT snail gather is formed through one-time sorting; and analyzing the change rule of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather along with the azimuth angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of earthquake data simulation processing, and in particular to an earthquake simulation analysis method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] The Earth's medium exhibits extensive anisotropy. Numerous studies have shown that, at the microscale, seismic waves propagate fastest along the direction of mineral grain growth and slowest perpendicular to it. At the macroscale, seismic waves propagate fastest along the rock formation, along the stress direction, and along the strike of a fracture, and slowest perpendicular to the rock formation, along the stress direction, and along the strike of a fracture. These propagation patterns of seismic waves in the subsurface can be used to guide seismic data interpretation and identify specific geological phenomena, such as fracture development and fractured reservoirs in unconventional shale oil and gas reservoirs. This is a key method for revealing anisotropic characteristics. By processing seismic data into common-offset vector gathers with finite offsets and azimuths, it effectively preserves azimuthal information, facilitates azimuth-based fast and slow wave velocity analysis, and studies the distribution of subsurface fractures, providing strong support for exploration and development. Extensive research has been conducted on the application of OVT-based fracture prediction. However, due to technical bottlenecks and human factors in seismic data processing, the anisotropic information extracted lacks robustness analysis, resulting in a lack of robustness analysis for fracture prediction based on OVT-based wide-azimuth processing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above problems, the present application provides an earthquake simulation analysis method, device, electronic device and storage medium.

[0004] The present application provides an earthquake simulation analysis method, the method comprising:

[0005] Using a finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet, and applying the source wavelet after wave field extension to a three-dimensional velocity model;

[0006] Acquiring, through an observation system, earthquake records generated when the source wavelet after the wave field extension acts on the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0007] Dividing the seismic record data into OVT slices, and numbering the OVT slices;

[0008] Select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data;

[0009] Performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result;

[0010] Sorting the migration imaging results, one sorting constitutes an OVT snail gather;

[0011] Analyze the variation of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

[0012] In some embodiments, before performing wavefield continuation on the source wavelet using the finite difference acoustic wave equation, the method includes:

[0013] Determine the type and dominant frequency of the source wavelet;

[0014] The adopting of the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet includes: adopting the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet based on the type and main frequency of the source wavelet.

[0015] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0016] Based on the structural interpretation of the seismic data in the study area, a velocity interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area is constructed;

[0017] Based on the seismic surface elevation information, an undulating surface interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area is constructed;

[0018] Determine the velocity filling value between each velocity interface based on the results of acoustic logging velocity and seismic velocity analysis;

[0019] Based on the velocity interface, the undulating surface interface and the velocity filling value, a three-dimensional velocity model that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area is constructed.

[0020] In some embodiments, the observation system adopts an observation method of firing in the middle and receiving on both sides.

[0021] In some embodiments, the method of dividing the seismic record data into OVT slices and numbering the OVT slices includes:

[0022] Cutting the seismic record data into a plurality of rectangles by using the shot lines and the receiver lines in the observation system, each rectangle being an OVT slice, wherein the shot lines and the receiver lines are arranged crosswise;

[0023] The OVT slices are numbered in sequence from the inside to the outside in a clockwise direction starting from the zero point, with the intersection of each shot line and each detection line as the center.

[0024] In some embodiments, the migration imaging results are sorted, and each sorting step forms an OVT snail gather, and the method includes:

[0025] The OVT slices with the same common center point CMP are regarded as a set;

[0026] The OVT slices in the set are sorted from large to small according to the corresponding OVT numbers to form an OVT snail gather.

[0027] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0028] Use GPU-accelerated algorithms to run finite-difference acoustic wave equations.

[0029] An embodiment of the present application provides an earthquake simulation and analysis device, comprising:

[0030] A wavefield continuation module is used to perform wavefield continuation on the source wavelet using a finite difference acoustic wave equation, and to apply the source wavelet after wavefield continuation to a three-dimensional velocity model;

[0031] An acquisition module, configured to acquire, through an observation system, earthquake records generated when the source wavelet after the wave field extension acts on the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0032] a partitioning module, configured to partition the seismic record data into OVT slices and number the OVT slices;

[0033] A selection module is used to select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data;

[0034] A migration imaging module is used to perform OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result;

[0035] The sorting module is used to sort the migration imaging results. One sorting step constitutes an OVT snail gather.

[0036] The analysis module is used to analyze the variation pattern of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

[0037] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, any one of the above-mentioned methods is executed.

[0038] An embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium, which stores a computer program that can be executed by one or more processors and can be used to implement any of the methods described above.

[0039] Embodiments of the present application provide a seismic simulation analysis method, device, electronic device, and storage medium, which use a finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wavefield extension on a source wavelet, and apply the source wavelet after wavefield extension to a three-dimensional velocity model; obtain seismic records generated when the source wavelet after wavefield extension acts on the three-dimensional velocity model through an observation system; divide the seismic record data into OVT slices, and number the OVT slices; select OVT slices with the same number to constitute one observation data; perform OVT domain true surface true velocity pre-stack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result; sort the migration imaging result, and each sorting constitutes an OVT snail gather; analyze the variation pattern of the reflection signal of the OVT snail gather with azimuth; be able to compare the variation pattern of the reflection signal with azimuth with the anisotropy information obtained from the seismic data, thereby realizing reliability analysis of the anisotropy information, and further realizing reliability demonstration analysis of fracture prediction of OVT wide azimuth processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Hereinafter, the present application will be described in more detail based on embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an earthquake simulation analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 The prestack depth migration imaging profile provided for this embodiment;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional velocity model provided in this embodiment;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of dividing and numbering OVT slices provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an OVT snail gather provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 6 Another schematic flow chart of the earthquake simulation analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an earthquake simulation and analysis device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] In the following description, reference is made to “some embodiments”, which describes a subset of all possible embodiments, but it will be understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0051] If similar descriptions of "first\second\third" appear in the application documents, the following explanation will be added. In the following description, the terms "first\second\third" are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order for the objects. It can be understood that "first\second\third" can be interchanged with a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0052] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] To address the problems existing in the related art, embodiments of the present application provide an earthquake simulation and analysis method, which is applied to electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, and the like. The functions implemented by the earthquake simulation and analysis method provided in embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a processor of the electronic device calling program code, wherein the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0055] The present application provides an earthquake simulation analysis method, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an earthquake simulation analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method comprising:

[0056] Step S1: using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet, and applying the source wavelet after wave field extension to the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0057] In an embodiment of the present application, a finite difference acoustic wave equation is used to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet. The source wavelet after wave field extension propagates in a three-dimensional velocity model. The finite difference acoustic wave equation is solved using a finite difference method to obtain the propagation of the source wavelet at different time and spatial positions in the three-dimensional velocity model.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present application, a GPU acceleration algorithm is used to run the finite difference acoustic wave equation. The GPU acceleration algorithm is stored in the GPU. The memory types of the GPU include local memory (Local Memory) and shared memory (Shared Memory). The different properties of the local memory and the shared memory can fully accelerate the calculation of the particle motion velocity and stress of the grid points of the three-dimensional velocity model. The attribute value can be the particle motion velocity and stress of the grid point. Due to the differences in different memories in the image processing unit (GPU), a suitable strategy is required to fully utilize the computing power of the GPU. The process of making the difference is to calculate each grid point one by one, during which the values ​​of the surrounding grid points are used. The local memory has the fastest reading speed. First, the grid points to be calculated are read into the local memory. When the value of the next grid point needs to be calculated, only one point needs to be read from the shared memory to calculate the value of the next grid point. Using this strategy can greatly improve the computing efficiency.

[0059] Step S2: obtaining, through an observation system, earthquake records generated when the source wavelet after the wave field extension acts on the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0060] In the embodiments of this application, the observation system employs a center-firing, two-side receiving observation method. For example, the observation system is designed with an orthogonal arrangement of 6 shots firing and 40 receiving lines, with a shot point spacing of 40m, a shot line spacing of 360m, a receiver point spacing of 20m, a receiver line spacing of 240m, 280 full coverage times, a non-vertical spacing of 4780m, a vertical spacing of 5030m, an aspect ratio of 0.95, a recording length of 5s, and a simulation of 5166 shots.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the basic parameters of the observation system include detection points, the number of detection points, detection distance, detection line, detection distance, shot point, number of shot points, shot point distance, shot line, shot line distance, etc. Among them, the detection point distance is the distance between each detection point; the detection line refers to a straight line segment consisting of a column or a row of detection points, and the detection line distance refers to the distance between each detection line; the number of detection points is the number of all detection points. The detection point is also called an acquisition device and can be activated at the same time as the shot point is excited, or it can remain active all the time; the shot line refers to a straight line segment consisting of a column or a row of shot points, and the shot line distance refers to the distance between each shot line; the shot point distance refers to the distance between each shot point at each excitable position; the number of shot points is the number of shot points at all excitable positions. Among them, the excitable position refers to the position where the shot point can be laid. The target excitation point is selected from the excitable position. After the target excitation point is determined, the shot point is laid at the corresponding excitable position. When the target excitation point is excited, seismic waves are generated, which propagate spherically toward the 3D velocity model. Different velocity interfaces in the 3D velocity model have different densities. Therefore, the source wavelet will be reflected, projected, and refracted at different velocity interfaces. The data collected by the receiver points are the reflected waves from each velocity interface, which also propagate spherically toward the surface. Therefore, the installed receiver points can receive all of these reflected waves and other simulated data, thereby obtaining seismic records.

[0062] Step S3: Dividing the seismic record data into OVT slices, and numbering the OVT slices;

[0063] In an embodiment of the present application, the detection lines and shot lines in the observation system are cross-set, so the seismic recorded data can be divided into OVT slices by the detection lines and shot lines, and the OVT slices are numbered to facilitate the subsequent screening of observation data and subsequent sorting.

[0064] Step S4: select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data;

[0065] In the embodiment of the present application, OVT slices with the same number are used to form one observation data, so as to facilitate OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging of the observation data.

[0066] Step S5: performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result;

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the observation data is subjected to OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging to obtain a migration imaging result, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The pre-stack depth migration imaging profile provided in this embodiment facilitates the study of OVT anisotropy effects based on the migration imaging results.

[0068] Step S6: sorting the migration imaging results, and forming an OVT snail gather once sorted;

[0069] In the embodiment of the present application, the OVT snail gather is a common center point gather. All the traces of the common center point gather come from the same center point, and the common center point gather can be obtained by extracting the gather.

[0070] Step S7: analyzing the variation pattern of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

[0071] In the examples of this application, by analyzing how the reflection signal of the OVT snail gather changes with azimuth, and comparing it with the fracture predictions from the OVT wide-azimuth processing, the reliability of the fracture predictions from the OVT wide-azimuth processing can be demonstrated and analyzed. This helps to guide the understanding of the reliability of the anisotropic information of the underground medium revealed by the OVT wide-azimuth processing of seismic data, and lays the foundation for the demonstration and analysis of the prediction of fractured anisotropic reservoirs in oil and gas seismic exploration.

[0072] In summary, the purpose of this invention is to accurately simulate wide-azimuth seismic acquisition and OVT wide-azimuth processing and analysis of data, meeting the current need for reliability demonstration and analysis of fracture prediction based on OVT wide-azimuth processing. It can guide interpreters in understanding the reliability of fracture prediction results. Therefore, it has promising application prospects in fracture prediction application research.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] To address the problems existing in the related art, embodiments of the present application provide an earthquake simulation and analysis method, which is applied to electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, and the like. The functions implemented by the earthquake simulation and analysis method provided in embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a processor of the electronic device calling program code, wherein the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0075] The present invention provides an earthquake simulation analysis method, which includes:

[0076] Step S10: Determine the type and main frequency of the source wavelet;

[0077] In the embodiment of the present application, the type of source wavelet can be selected as Ricker wavelet, and the main frequency can be set according to actual data.

[0078] Step S20: using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wavefield continuation on the source wavelet, including: based on the type and main frequency of the source wavelet, using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wavefield continuation on the source wavelet;

[0079] Step S30: obtaining, through an observation system, earthquake records generated when the source wavelet after the wave field extension acts on the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0080] Step S40: Dividing the seismic record data into OVT slices, and numbering the OVT slices;

[0081] Step S50: Select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data;

[0082] Step S60: performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result;

[0083] Step S70: sorting the migration imaging results, and forming an OVT snail gather once sorted;

[0084] Step S80: analyzing the variation pattern of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

[0085] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application uses the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet based on the type and main frequency of the source wavelet, so that relevant personnel can select the corresponding type and main frequency of the source wavelet according to the research area, thereby making the source wavelet more consistent with the actual seismic wave.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] To address the problems existing in the related art, embodiments of the present application provide an earthquake simulation and analysis method, which is applied to electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, and the like. The functions implemented by the earthquake simulation and analysis method provided in embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a processor of the electronic device calling program code, wherein the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0088] An embodiment of the present application provides an earthquake simulation analysis method, the method comprising:

[0089] Step S101: constructing a velocity interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area based on the structural interpretation of the seismic data of the study area;

[0090] In the embodiments of the present application, the required structural interpretation data from the seismic data can be prepared in advance using any existing method. The structural interpretation data from the seismic data utilizes kinematic information such as seismic wave reflection time, phase coherence, and wave velocity to study the distribution and undulation of stratum interfaces and fault development. Furthermore, the travel events in the seismic event profile are converted into the depth of stratum interfaces to create a geological structure map. Therefore, through structural interpretation of the seismic data, a velocity interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area can be constructed.

[0091] Step S102: constructing an undulating surface interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area based on the earthquake surface elevation information;

[0092] In the embodiments of this application, seismic surface elevation information refers to the elevation of a point on the ground. Seismic surface elevation information is the vertical height relative to the Yellow Sea level, with the elevation given by the control point as the standard. Therefore, seismic surface elevation information can be used to construct an undulating surface interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area.

[0093] Step S103: determining the velocity filling value between each velocity interface based on the acoustic logging velocity and seismic velocity analysis results;

[0094] In the embodiments of the present application, the acoustic logging velocity can be obtained by acoustic velocity logging, which is referred to as acoustic velocity logging. It is a type of logging method that measures the propagation velocity of acoustic waves in the wellbore formation in the well. Since acoustic velocity logging directly records the acoustic time difference (i.e., the inverse of the acoustic velocity), it is often called acoustic time difference logging. The propagation velocity of acoustic waves in rocks is related to the properties of the rock, porosity, and the properties of the fluid filled in the pores. Therefore, by studying the propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves in rocks, the porosity of the rock can be determined and the lithology and pore fluid properties can be judged. The core component of the acoustic velocity logging instrument is the acoustic system, which consists of an acoustic wave transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer. According to the number of transducers, it can be divided into single-transmitting dual-receiving, single-transmitting three-receiving, dual-transmitting dual-receiving, dual-transmitting four-receiving and other logging instruments. Among them, single-transmitting dual-receiving and dual-transmitting dual-receiving logging instruments are more commonly used.

[0095] Step S104: constructing a three-dimensional velocity model that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area based on the velocity interface, the undulating surface interface, and the velocity filling value;

[0096] In the embodiment of the present application, a three-dimensional velocity model is constructed based on the velocity interface and the undulating surface interface, and then the velocity filling value is filled into each velocity interface to construct a three-dimensional velocity model that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional velocity model provided in this embodiment. There are three-dimensional coordinate axes in the figure, X-axls represents the X-axis, Y-axls represents the Y-axis, Z-axls represents the Z-axis, the unit is m, P-velocity is the velocity filling value, the unit is m / s, and different colors represent different velocity filling values.

[0097] Step S105: using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet, and applying the source wavelet after wave field extension to the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0098] Step S106: obtaining, through an observation system, earthquake records generated when the source wavelet after the wave field extension acts on the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0099] Step S107: Dividing the seismic record data into OVT slices, and numbering the OVT slices;

[0100] Step S108: Select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data;

[0101] Step S109: performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result;

[0102] Step S110: sorting the migration imaging results, and forming an OVT snail gather once sorted;

[0103] Step S111: analyzing the variation pattern of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

[0104] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application constructs a velocity interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area based on the structural interpretation of the seismic data of the study area; constructs an undulating surface interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area based on the seismic surface elevation information; determines the velocity filling value between each velocity interface based on the acoustic logging velocity and seismic velocity analysis results; and constructs a three-dimensional velocity model that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area based on the velocity interface, the undulating surface interface, and the velocity filling value. The three-dimensional velocity model that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area can be obtained, thereby enabling more accurate seismic records to be obtained, and a more accurate law of change of the reflection signal with the azimuth angle can be obtained through the seismic records.

[0105] Example 4

[0106] To address the problems existing in the related art, embodiments of the present application provide an earthquake simulation and analysis method, which is applied to electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, and the like. The functions implemented by the earthquake simulation and analysis method provided in embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a processor of the electronic device calling program code, wherein the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0107] An embodiment of the present application provides an earthquake simulation analysis method, the method comprising:

[0108] Step S201: using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet, and applying the source wavelet after wave field extension to the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0109] Step S202: obtaining, through an observation system, earthquake records generated when the source wavelet after wave field extension acts on a three-dimensional velocity model;

[0110] Step S203: Cutting the seismic record data into a plurality of rectangles using the shot lines and the receiver lines in the observation system, each rectangle being an OVT slice, wherein the shot lines and the receiver lines are arranged crosswise;

[0111] In the embodiments of this application, Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The schematic diagram of dividing and numbering OVT slices provided in the embodiment of the present application includes several shot lines and several detection lines. All shot lines are arranged in parallel, so the detection lines are arranged in parallel, and the detection lines are perpendicular to the shot lines. The seismic record (OVT domain) is cut into multiple rectangles by the shot lines and the detection lines. One rectangle is an OVT slice, which also includes shot points, detection points and common center points CMP.

[0112] Step S204: Taking the intersection of each shot line and each detection line as the center, number the OVT slices from the inside to the outside in a clockwise direction starting from the zero point.

[0113] In the embodiments of this application, Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of dividing and numbering OVT slices provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein each shot line and each detection line has an intersection, and the OVT slices are numbered from the inside to the outside in a clockwise direction starting from the zero point, with the intersection of the shot line and the detection line as the center, where different numbers represent different offset and azimuth information.

[0114] Step S205: selecting OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data;

[0115] Step S206: performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result;

[0116] Step S207: sorting the migration imaging results, and forming an OVT snail gather once sorted;

[0117] Step S208: analyzing the variation pattern of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

[0118] The method provided in an embodiment of the present application cuts the seismic record data into multiple rectangles using the shot lines and detection lines in the observation system, each rectangle being an OVT slice, wherein the shot lines and the detection lines are arranged crosswise; the OVT slices are numbered from the inside to the outside in a clockwise direction starting from zero, with the intersection of each shot line and each detection line as the center, so that the seismic record can be quickly divided into OVT slices and numbered.

[0119] Example 5

[0120] To address the problems existing in the related art, embodiments of the present application provide an earthquake simulation and analysis method, which is applied to electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, and the like. The functions implemented by the earthquake simulation and analysis method provided in embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a processor of the electronic device calling program code, wherein the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0121] An embodiment of the present application provides an earthquake simulation analysis method, the method comprising:

[0122] Step S301: using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet, and applying the source wavelet after wave field extension to the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0123] Step S302: obtaining, through an observation system, earthquake records generated when the source wavelet after wave field extension acts on a three-dimensional velocity model;

[0124] Step S303: Divide the seismic record data into OVT slices, and number the OVT slices;

[0125] Step S304: select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data;

[0126] Step S305: performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result;

[0127] Step S306: The OVT slices having the same common center point CMP are grouped as a set;

[0128] In the embodiments of this application, OVT slices with the same common center point (CMP) are grouped together to form a common center point gather. All traces in a common center point gather originate from the same center point. By extracting the gathers, a common center point gather (set) can be obtained. By performing dynamic correction and horizontal stacking, a horizontal stack profile can be obtained, which can be used as fracture prediction data to extract various azimuths.

[0129] Step S307: sort the OVT slices in the set from large to small according to the corresponding OVT numbers to form an OVT snail gather.

[0130] In the embodiment of the present application, the vertical axis of the OVT snail gather represents time, and the horizontal axis of the OVT snail gather represents azimuth and offset. In the embodiment of the present application, the OVT slices in the collection are sorted from large to small according to the OVT number to form the OVT snail gather. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the OVT snail gather provided in the embodiment of the present application, the OVT snail gather is as follows Figure 5As shown, it is convenient for relevant personnel to analyze the change pattern of the reflected signal with the azimuth angle.

[0131] Step S308: analyzing the variation pattern of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

[0132] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application is to form an OVT snail gather by treating OVT slices with the same common center point CMP as a set and sorting the OVT slices in the set from large to small according to the corresponding OVT numbers, so as to facilitate relevant personnel to analyze the change pattern of the reflected signal with the azimuth angle.

[0133] Example 6

[0134] To address the problems existing in the related art, embodiments of the present application provide an earthquake simulation and analysis method, which is applied to electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, and the like. The functions implemented by the earthquake simulation and analysis method provided in embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a processor of the electronic device calling program code, wherein the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0135] The embodiments of the present application provide a seismic simulation and analysis method. The purpose of this application is to accurately simulate wide-azimuth seismic acquisition and data OVT wide-azimuth processing and analysis to meet the reliability demonstration and analysis needs of current crack prediction research based on OVT wide-azimuth processing. It can guide interpreters to understand the reliability of crack prediction results.

[0136] The principle of the present invention is as follows: first, a simplified three-dimensional velocity model is established according to the geological characteristics of the study area, a wide-azimuth acquisition observation system is designed, the source wavelet type and main frequency are selected, a GPU acceleration algorithm is used to perform finite-difference acoustic wave equation wave field extension on the three-dimensional velocity model, source records are obtained through the observation system, the source records are divided and numbered into OVT slices, each OVT slice is subjected to true surface true velocity pre-stack depth migration processing, the migrated OVT slices are sequentially sorted according to the common center point (CMP) and the OVT slice number to form an OVT snail gather, an anisotropy analysis is performed on the OVT snail gather, and its anisotropy characteristics are studied.

[0137] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 Another flowchart of the earthquake simulation analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0138] The existing seismic data in the study area were structurally interpreted to outline a simplified velocity interface that is consistent with regional geological understanding. A realistic undulating surface interface was established based on the existing seismic surface elevation information. The velocity filling values ​​between the velocity interfaces were determined based on the results of sonic logging velocity and seismic velocity analysis, and finally a simplified three-dimensional velocity model that is consistent with regional geological understanding was established. Three-dimensional seismic numerical simulation was carried out based on this three-dimensional velocity model.

[0139] The observation system defines the relative positions of shot detection points in 3D seismic numerical simulations and determines the numerical simulation's ability to observe velocity models. To ensure practical application, the 3D seismic numerical simulation observation system was designed based on existing observation systems for seismic data in the study area. The specific parameters are as follows: a central shot-on-two-side receiver arrangement with 6 shots firing on 40 lines of receivers, a shot-point spacing of 40 meters, a shot-line spacing of 360 meters, a receiver-point spacing of 20 meters, a receiver-line spacing of 240 meters, a full coverage of 280 shots, a non-vertical spacing of 4780 meters, a vertical spacing of 5030 meters, an aspect ratio of 0.95, a record length of 5 seconds, and a simulation of 5166 shots.

[0140] Select the source wavelet type and main frequency. Select the Ricker wavelet as the source wavelet, and set the main frequency of the earthquake simulation wavelet according to the main frequency of the actual production data.

[0141] The GPU acceleration algorithm is used to perform finite difference acoustic wave equation wave field extension to obtain source records. The GPU acceleration algorithm is used to improve the program operation efficiency and make up for the huge computational time consumption of three-dimensional wave field extension.

[0142] Based on the observation system information, the simulated source records are divided and numbered into OVT slices. The OVT slice division method is to cross-cut the shot line and the receiver line to form multiple rectangles. Each rectangle is an OVT slice. The OVT slices are numbered clockwise starting from the zero point, with the intersection of each shot line and the receiver line as the center. Different numbers represent different offset and azimuth information.

[0143] The OVT slice data with the same number are selected to form a single observation of the study area, and the true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging of the OVT domain is performed. Based on the migration imaging results, the OVT anisotropy effect is studied.

[0144] According to the numbers of the common center point CMP and OVT slices, all the primary coverage data after migration are sorted in sequence, that is, the data with the same common center point CMP number are combined into a collection, and the data in the collection are sorted from large to small according to the OVT number to form the OVT snail gather.

[0145] The vertical axis of the OVT snail gather represents time, and the horizontal axis represents azimuth and offset. If anisotropy parameters are considered during the velocity model development process, the reflection signals in the OVT snail gather should vary regularly with azimuth. By analyzing the variation of the reflection signals in the OVT snail gather generated in the previous step with azimuth, we can understand and verify the anisotropic characteristics of the subsurface medium.

[0146] This invention addresses the difficulty in demonstrating the reliability of anisotropic information and fractured reservoir prediction revealed by wide-azimuth OVT processing of seismic data. Based on the geological characteristics of the study area, a simplified three-dimensional velocity model is established, a wide-azimuth acquisition observation system is designed, the source wavelet type and dominant frequency are selected, and a GPU-accelerated algorithm is used to perform finite-difference acoustic wave equation wavefield extension to obtain source records. These source records are then divided and numbered using OVT, followed by true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging in the OVT domain. Finally, data is sorted according to CMP and OVT numbering to obtain OVT snail gathers and analyze their anisotropic characteristics. This invention has great application prospects in guiding OVT wide-azimuth processing and demonstrating the analysis of fractured anisotropic reservoir prediction in oil and gas seismic exploration.

[0147] Example 7

[0148] The embodiment of the present application provides an earthquake simulation analysis device, such as Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an earthquake simulation and analysis device provided in an embodiment of the present application, the device comprising:

[0149] A wavefield continuation module is used to perform wavefield continuation on the source wavelet using a finite difference acoustic wave equation, and to apply the source wavelet after wavefield continuation to a three-dimensional velocity model;

[0150] An acquisition module, configured to acquire, through an observation system, earthquake records generated when the source wavelet after the wave field extension acts on the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0151] a partitioning module, configured to partition the seismic record data into OVT slices and number the OVT slices;

[0152] A selection module is used to select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data;

[0153] A migration imaging module is used to perform OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result;

[0154] The sorting module is used to sort the migration imaging results. One sorting step constitutes an OVT snail gather.

[0155] The analysis module is used to analyze the variation pattern of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

[0156] In some embodiments, before applying the finite difference acoustic wave equation to the three-dimensional velocity model by performing wave field continuation on the source wavelet, the apparatus includes:

[0157] The first determination module is used to determine the type and main frequency of the source wavelet;

[0158] The wavefield continuation module is used to perform wavefield continuation on the source wavelet using the finite difference acoustic wave equation based on the type and main frequency of the source wavelet.

[0159] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises:

[0160] The first construction module is used to construct a velocity interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area based on the structural interpretation of the seismic data of the study area;

[0161] The second construction module is used to construct an undulating surface interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area based on the seismic surface elevation information;

[0162] The second determination module is used to determine the velocity filling value between each velocity interface based on the acoustic logging velocity and seismic velocity analysis results;

[0163] The third construction module is used to construct a three-dimensional velocity model that meets the geological characteristics of the study area based on the velocity interface, the undulating surface interface and the velocity filling value.

[0164] In some embodiments, the observation system adopts an observation method of firing in the middle and receiving on both sides.

[0165] In some embodiments, the dividing the seismic record data to obtain OVT slices and numbering the OVT slices, the dividing module includes:

[0166] a cutting unit, configured to cut the seismic record data into a plurality of rectangles through the shot lines and the receiver lines in the observation system, each rectangle being an OVT slice, wherein the shot lines and the receiver lines are arranged crosswise;

[0167] The numbering unit is used to number the OVT slices from the inside to the outside in a clockwise direction starting from the zero point with the intersection of each shot line and each detection line as the center.

[0168] In some embodiments, the migration imaging results are sorted, and one sorting step constitutes an OVT snail gather. The sorting module includes:

[0169] A collection unit, used to group OVT slices with the same common center point CMP as a collection;

[0170] The constituting unit is used to sort the OVT slices in the set from large to small according to the corresponding OVT numbers to form an OVT snail gather.

[0171] In some embodiments, a GPU-accelerated algorithm is used to run the finite-difference acoustic wave equation.

[0172] Example 8

[0173] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, if the above-mentioned earthquake simulation analysis method is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read Only Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk. In this way, the embodiment of the present application is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0174] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the earthquake simulation analysis method provided in the above embodiment are implemented.

[0175] Example 9

[0176] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device 100 includes: a processor 101, at least one communication bus 102, a user interface 103, at least one external communication interface 104, and a memory 105. The communication bus 102 is configured to enable communication between these components. The user interface 103 may include a display screen, and the external communication interface 104 may include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface. The processor 101 is configured to execute the program for the earthquake simulation analysis method stored in the memory to implement the steps of the earthquake simulation analysis method provided in the above embodiment.

[0177] It should be noted that the description of the above storage medium and device embodiments is similar to the description of the above method embodiments and has similar beneficial effects as the method embodiments. For technical details not disclosed in the storage medium and device embodiments of this application, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of this application for understanding.

[0178] It should be understood that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0179] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0180] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0181] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment.

[0182] In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0183] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, and the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: mobile storage devices, read-only memories (ROMs), magnetic disks, optical disks, and other media that can store program codes.

[0184] Alternatively, if the above-mentioned integrated unit of the present application is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for enabling a controller to execute all or part of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as mobile storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0185] The above is merely an embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for earthquake simulation analysis, characterized in that: The method comprises: Using finite difference acoustic wave equation to extend the wave field of the source wavelet, and applying the extended wave field to the three-dimensional velocity model; Acquire, through an observation system, a seismic record generated when the source wavelet after the wave field extension acts on a three-dimensional velocity model; Dividing the data of the seismic record into OVT slices, and numbering the OVT slices; Select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data; Perform OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result; The migration imaging results are sorted, and each sorting constitutes an OVT snail gather; The variation pattern of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle is analyzed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet, the method includes: Determine the type and dominant frequency of the source wavelet; The method of using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to extend the wave field of the source wavelet includes: based on the type and main frequency of the source wavelet, using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to extend the wave field of the source wavelet.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method comprises: Based on the structural interpretation of the seismic data in the study area, a velocity interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area is constructed; Based on the seismic surface elevation information, an undulating surface interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area is constructed; According to the results of acoustic logging velocity and seismic velocity analysis, the velocity filling value between each velocity interface is determined; Based on the velocity interface, the undulating surface interface and the velocity filling value, a three-dimensional velocity model that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area is constructed.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The observation system adopts an observation method of firing in the middle and receiving at both sides.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method of dividing the seismic record data into OVT slices and numbering the OVT slices includes: Cutting the seismic record data into a plurality of rectangles through the shot lines and the detection lines in the observation system, each rectangle being an OVT slice, wherein the shot lines and the detection lines are arranged crosswise; Taking the intersection of each of the shot lines and each of the detection lines as the center, the OVT sheets are numbered from the inside to the outside in a clockwise direction starting from the zero point.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The migration imaging results are sorted, and each sorting forms an OVT snail gather, and the method includes: The OVT slices with the same common center point CMP are regarded as a set; The OVT pieces in the set are sorted from large to small according to the corresponding OVT numbers to form an OVT snail gather.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Use GPU-accelerated algorithms to solve the finite-difference acoustic wave equation.

8. An earthquake simulation and analysis device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A wave field extension module is used to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet using a finite difference acoustic wave equation, and to apply the source wavelet after wave field extension to a three-dimensional velocity model; An acquisition module, used for acquiring, through an observation system, a seismic record generated when the source wavelet after the wave field extension acts on the three-dimensional velocity model; A partitioning module, used for partitioning the seismic record data into OVT slices and numbering the OVT slices; A selection module is used to select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data; A migration imaging module, used for performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result; A sorting module is used to sort the migration imaging results. One sorting constitutes an OVT snail gather. The analysis module is used to analyze the variation law of the reflection signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is performed.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The computer program stored in the storage medium can be executed by one or more processors and can be used to implement the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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