Power system green electricity source tracing method based on multilateral game

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric power system green electricity source tracing method based on a multilateral game, and belongs to the technical field of new energy electric power. The method comprises the following steps: calculating a multilateral game transaction result in a target area, obtaining multi-main-body income, and adjusting price and generating capacity; obtaining branch power flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area; through the branch power flow, node injection power and load power distribution in a known target area, the load active power of each node and the electric quantity of injected green power are calculated, green power flow accounting is carried out, real-time power generation and utilization data are uploaded, and a block chain is generated to record a green power tracing result. According to the invention, decentralized power transaction and green electricity tracing can be realized, the specific flow direction of renewable energy power and the power utilization composition of power consumers are tracked, the green electricity proportion of important nodes in a target area is analyzed, and block chain recording is carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of new energy power technology, and in particular relates to a green electricity source tracing method for a power system based on multilateral game. Background Art

[0002] Green power resources such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation have developed rapidly, accelerating the pace of exploring green power trading mechanisms. Green power trading-related mechanisms can encourage all entities in the power system to actively consume green power, gradually increase the proportion of regional green power consumption, build a green power carbon emission offset system, and realize the local, large-scale, and high-proportion utilization of renewable energy. The introduction of blockchain technology has given green power the ability to accurately trace its source. With its unique advantages such as traceability, tamper-proofness, and openness and transparency, blockchain technology can build a rule system of "co-construction, consensus, and sharing", generate a unique blockchain green power consumption certificate that meets transaction and review standards, and ensure the traceability, credibility, and verifiability of the traceability information of the entire chain of green power transactions. At present, the application of blockchain technology in the field of green power trading has effectively promoted the popularization of green power consumption certificates, increased the enthusiasm of market entities to consume green power, and played a positive role in promoting the vigorous development of my country's renewable energy industry. Blockchain technology ensures the authenticity and reliability of green power consumption and fully releases the commodity attributes and environmental value of green power. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a green electricity tracing method for a power system based on multilateral game, which realizes decentralized power trading and green electricity tracing, tracks the specific flow of renewable energy power and the electricity consumption composition of power users and records them on blockchain.

[0004] The present invention specifically provides a method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game, and the method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system comprises the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Conduct multilateral game in the target area, calculate the multilateral game transaction results in the target area, and obtain multi-party benefits, price adjustments, and power generation adjustments;

[0006] Step 2: Obtain branch power flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area;

[0007] Step 3: Calculate green power flow and generate a blockchain to record the green power traceability results. Calculate the active power of each node and the amount of green power injected based on the known branch flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area; calculate the green power flow, upload real-time power generation and consumption data, and generate a blockchain to record the green power traceability results.

[0008] Calculate the results of multilateral game transactions in the target area to obtain multi-party benefits, price adjustments, and power generation and consumption adjustments.

[0009] The mechanism of multilateral game is as follows:

[0010] (11) Assume that the game participants D = {d 1 ,d 2 ,...,d k ,...}, the strategies proposed by each subject are the unit electricity prices of the trading scenarios;

[0011] (12) Set the initial scenario parameters and calculate the initial income of each entity based on the initial electricity price. 0 ;

[0012] (13) In each round of the game, a subject d is selected k As a bargaining participant, the other entities are decision-making participants. k First, the electricity price and revenue are proposed, and all decision-makers use the bargaining function to calculate the actual rejection probability of the current subject to the proposed strategy;

[0013] (14) Determine the approval status of the current strategy through sampling. If all decision participants approve this strategy, proceed to the next step; if any decision participant rejects this strategy, return to step (13);

[0014] (15) Determine whether all participating entities have proposed operating plans as bargaining participants. If there are still participating entities that have not made a quotation, return to step (13);

[0015] (16) Compare the profit functions of the current round and the previous round strategies. If the deviation is less than δ, end the game, take the current optimal solution into account, and go to step (17); otherwise, replace the new bargaining participants to continue the game, and take this result as the initial feasible solution, and return to step (13);

[0016] (17) Based on the game results, determine the profit functions, price adjustments, and power generation adjustments of multiple entities.

[0017] The bargaining function is expressed as follows:

[0018] According to the Weber-Fechner law, the sequential bargaining function is constructed, and its expression is:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, c inc represents the reduction in the profit of decision-makers under the current strategy, P(c inc ) represents the probability of decision participants rejecting the current plan calculated by the corresponding reduction in benefits, α, k 0 、cinc,min are Weber constant, stimulus constant and just noticeable difference respectively. Just noticeable difference is the threshold of profit reduction, which represents the minimum change that decision-makers can perceive in the profit change of bargaining participants: when the profit reduction is lower than just noticeable difference, the rejection probability P(c inc )=0, that is, the decision participant accepts this strategy; as the amount of reduction in benefits gradually increases, the probability of the decision participant rejecting this strategy also increases until the rejection probability reaches 1.

[0021] The bargaining function is expressed as follows:

[0022] According to the Weber-Fechner law, the sequential bargaining function is constructed, and its expression is:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, c inc represents the reduction in the profit of decision-makers under the current strategy, P(c inc ) represents the probability of decision participants rejecting the current plan calculated by the corresponding reduction in benefits, α, k 0 、c inc,min are Weber constant, stimulus constant and just noticeable difference respectively. Just noticeable difference is the threshold of profit reduction, which represents the minimum change that decision-makers can perceive in the profit change of bargaining participants: when the profit reduction is lower than just noticeable difference, the rejection probability P(c inc )=0, that is, the decision participant accepts this strategy; as the amount of reduction in benefits gradually increases, the probability of the decision participant rejecting this strategy also increases until the rejection probability reaches 1.

[0025] The optimized benefits, real-time electricity prices, power generation and power consumption of multiple entities participating in the multilateral game are expressed as follows:

[0026] I={I 1 ,I 2 ,...,I k ,...}

[0027] R={R 1 ,R 2 ,...,R k ,...}

[0028] P G = {P G,1 ,P G,2 ,...,P G,k ,...}

[0029] P U = {P U,1 ,P U,2 ,...,P U,k,...}

[0030] Among them, I k , R k , P G,k , P U,k They represent the income, electricity price, power generation and electricity consumption of the kth entity respectively.

[0031] Obtain the branch power flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area, expressed as:

[0032] The branch flow F in the target area is an N-order square matrix, expressed as:

[0033] F=(F i,j ) N×N

[0034] Among them, F i,j represents the active power transmission between node i and node j, and N represents the number of nodes in the area. If there is a connecting branch between node i and node j, and the positive active power flow from node i to node j through this branch is p, then it is recorded as F i,j =p,F j,i =0; if there is no connection between node i and node j or no positive active power flow, then it is recorded as F i,j =F j,i =0; when i=j, F i,j =0.

[0035] The node injection power G in the target area can be divided into green power G C and non-green electricity power G NC , G C and G NC They are all N-order diagonal matrices, expressed as:

[0036] G C =diag(G C,i ) N

[0037] G NC =diag(G NC,i ) N

[0038] G=G C +G NC

[0039] Among them, G C,i Represents the green power unit injection power of node i. If there is a green power unit injection at node i and the injected active load is p, it is recorded as G C,i =p, otherwise it is recorded as G C,i =0; G NC,iRepresents the non-green power unit injection power of node i. If there is a non-green power unit injection at node i and the injected active load is p, it is recorded as G NC,i =p, otherwise it is recorded as G NC,i =0.

[0040] The load power distribution L in the target area is an N-order diagonal matrix, expressed as:

[0041] L = diag(L i ) N

[0042] Among them, L i Represents the active power of the load at node i. If there is a load at node i and the active power is p, it is recorded as L i =p, otherwise it is recorded as L i =0.

[0043] Through the known branch flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area, the load active power of each node and the amount of green power injected are calculated, the green power flow is calculated, the real-time power generation and consumption data is uploaded, and a blockchain is generated to record the green power traceability results.

[0044] Based on the known branch power flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area, the load active power of each node and the amount of green power injected are calculated to perform green power flow accounting, including:

[0045] Based on the above model, the load active power of node i can be obtained:

[0046]

[0047] In order to express the model in a compact form, the above formula is transformed as follows:

[0048]

[0049] It can be expressed in matrix form as:

[0050] A u L=G

[0051] Among them, A u is the power flow tracking matrix.

[0052] The load in node i obtains the active power component from the generator in node m as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, P i,m The load in node i obtains the active power component from the generator in node m, where M is the set of generators.

[0055] Accordingly, the green power active power component and the non-green power active power component obtained by the load in node i from the generator in node m are respectively expressed as:

[0056]

[0057] From this calculation, we can get the content of green power units in the active power load of node i. It is expressed as:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, e i ∈R N×1 is a column vector whose components are all 0 except the i-th component which is 1.

[0060] Upload real-time power generation and consumption data and generate a blockchain to record green power traceability results, including:

[0061] The green electricity traceability blockchain platform is divided into three modules: off-chain processor, browser interface and on-chain database. Among them, the off-chain processor module is mainly responsible for completing the collection of basic parameters of the target area, the browser interface module realizes the reporting of green electricity traceability data through smart contracts, and the on-chain database can save detailed information of the entire green electricity traceability process. The specific process is as follows:

[0062] (31) The profit function I, real-time electricity price R, and power generation vector P of each participant are G , use the electric vector P U , the branch flow F, node injection power G and load power distribution L in the target area are uploaded to the off-chain processor;

[0063] (32) Off-chain processors according to A u L=G to obtain the power flow tracking matrix and write it into the smart contract;

[0064] (33) The smart contract automatically calculates the electricity consumption composition of nodes in the target area based on the green electricity traceability method, that is, P C,i,m , P NC,i,m and Determine the user's actual consumption and record it automatically;

[0065] (34) After completing the above information collection, the browser interface module reports the data to the on-chain database, generates a new block to record the details, and publishes the corresponding information to each node. The on-chain database saves the data information of the entire green electricity traceability process.

[0066] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0067] The green electricity traceability method for the power system based on multilateral game provided by the present invention can realize a decentralized multilateral game trading method, further rely on the branch flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area to perform green electricity traceability calculations, upload real-time power generation data, and generate new blocks to record the results of green electricity traceability, thereby helping power system trading entities to gradually increase the proportion of green electricity consumption, promote the smooth flow of green electricity procurement channels, and increase the enthusiasm of market entities to consume green electricity. Blockchain technology, with its traceability, tamper-proof, openness and transparency and other technical characteristics, ensures the authenticity and credibility of green electricity traceability, provides technical support for regional supervision and promotion of green electricity production and consumption, and promotes the healthy development of green electricity transactions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a multilateral game mechanism flow chart in a method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of rejection probability calculation of a sequential bargaining function in a method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process for obtaining the green power content injected into the load active power of a target area node in a method for tracing the green power source of a power system based on multilateral game provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the operation flow of a green electricity traceability blockchain platform in a green electricity traceability method for a power system based on multilateral game provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] The following is a detailed description of the specific implementation of the green electricity tracing method for a power system based on multilateral game of the present invention through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The same figure marks in the drawings indicate the same or similar components or parts. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. The embodiments of the present application and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0074] The term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0075] See also Figure 1 The method of the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps 1 to 3, wherein:

[0076] Step 1: Conduct multilateral game in the target area.

[0077] Define the scope of the target area, obtain the types of multiple entities in it, including: power generation entities, power consumption entities, entities with both power generation and power consumption, and establish the operation and profit model of multiple entities. Calculate the results of multilateral game transactions in the target area, and obtain the benefits of multiple entities, price adjustments, and power generation and consumption adjustments.

[0078] See also Figure 2 , the mechanism of multilateral game is as follows:

[0079] (11) Assume that the game participants D = {d 1 ,d 2 ,...,d k ,...}, the strategies proposed by each subject are the unit electricity prices of the trading scenarios;

[0080] (12) Set the initial scenario parameters and calculate the initial income of each entity based on the initial electricity price. 0 ;

[0081] (13) In each round of the game, a subject d is selected k As a bargaining participant, the other entities are decision-making participants. k First, the electricity price and revenue are proposed, and all decision-makers use the bargaining function to calculate the actual rejection probability of the current subject to the proposed strategy;

[0082] (14) Determine the approval status of the current strategy through sampling. If all decision participants approve this strategy, proceed to the next step; if any decision participant rejects this strategy, return to step (13);

[0083] (15) Determine whether all participating entities have proposed operating plans as bargaining participants. If there are still participating entities that have not made a quotation, return to step (13);

[0084] (16) Compare the profit functions of the current round and the previous round strategies. If the deviation is less than δ, end the game, take the current optimal solution into account, and go to step (17); otherwise, replace the new bargaining participants to continue the game, and take this result as the initial feasible solution, and return to step (13);

[0085] (17) Based on the game results, determine the profit functions, price adjustments, and power generation adjustments of multiple entities.

[0086] See also Figure 3 , the bargaining function is expressed as follows:

[0087] According to the Weber-Fechner law, the sequential bargaining function is constructed, and its expression is:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, c inc represents the reduction in the profit of decision-makers under the current strategy, P(c inc ) represents the probability of decision participants rejecting the current plan calculated by the corresponding reduction in benefits, α, k 0 、c inc,min are Weber constant, stimulus constant and just noticeable difference respectively. Just noticeable difference is the threshold of profit reduction, which represents the minimum change that decision-makers can perceive in the profit change of bargaining participants: when the profit reduction is lower than just noticeable difference, the rejection probability P(c inc )=0, that is, the decision participant accepts this strategy; as the amount of reduction in benefits gradually increases, the probability of the decision participant rejecting this strategy also increases until the rejection probability reaches 1.

[0090] The calculation model formula of the reduction in the benefits of decision-makers is expressed as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, c inc,0 、c inc,1 Represent the original return value and the return value under the new strategy respectively.

[0093] The optimized benefits, real-time electricity prices, power generation and power consumption of multiple entities participating in the multilateral game are expressed as follows:

[0094] I={I 1 ,I 2 ,...,I k ,...}

[0095] R={R 1 ,R 2 ,...,R k ,...}

[0096] P G = {P G,1 ,P G,2 ,...,P G,k ,...}

[0097] P U = {P U,1 ,P U,2 ,...,P U,k ,...}

[0098] Among them, I k , R k , P G,k , P U,k They represent the income, electricity price, power generation and electricity consumption of the kth entity respectively.

[0099] Step 2: Obtain the power system data in the target area and obtain the branch flow, node injection power and load power distribution.

[0100] Obtain the power system data in the target area, including: substations of various voltage levels contained in the area, power sources of various voltage levels and whether they are green power sources, the operation status of the main transformers inside substations of various voltage levels in the target area, the communication status between substations of various voltage levels, the power sources connected to substations of various voltage levels, and the user status, etc.

[0101] Based on the acquired data, the branch power flow, node injection power and load power distribution matrix are generated, which can be expressed as:

[0102] The branch flow F in the target area is an N-order square matrix, expressed as:

[0103] F=(F i,j ) N×N

[0104] Among them, F i,j represents the active power transmission between node i and node j, and N represents the number of nodes in the area. If there is a connecting branch between node i and node j, and the positive active power flow from node i to node j through this branch is p, then it is recorded as F i,j =p,F j,i =0; if there is no connection between node i and node j or no positive active power flow, then it is recorded as F i,j =F j,i =0; when i=j, F i,j =0.

[0105] The node injection power G in the target area can be divided into green power G C and non-green electricity power G NC , G C and G NCThey are all N-order diagonal matrices, expressed as:

[0106] G C =diag(G C,i ) N

[0107] G NC =diag(G NC,i ) N

[0108] G=G C +G NC

[0109] Among them, G C,i Represents the green power unit injection power of node i. If there is a green power unit injection at node i and the injected active load is p, it is recorded as G C,i =p, otherwise it is recorded as G C,i =0; G NC,i Represents the non-green power unit injection power of node i. If there is a non-green power unit injection at node i and the injected active load is p, it is recorded as G NC,i =p, otherwise it is recorded as G NC,i =0.

[0110] The load power distribution L in the target area is an N-order diagonal matrix, expressed as:

[0111] L = diag(L i ) N

[0112] Among them, L i Represents the active power of the load at node i. If there is a load at node i and the active power is p, it is recorded as L i =p, otherwise it is recorded as L i =0.

[0113] Step 3: Perform green power flow accounting and generate a blockchain to record the green power traceability results.

[0114] Through the known branch flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area, the load active power of each node and the amount of green power injected are calculated, the green power flow is calculated, the real-time power generation and consumption data is uploaded, and a blockchain is generated to record the green power traceability results.

[0115] Based on the known branch power flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area, the load active power of each node and the amount of green power injected are calculated to perform green power flow accounting, including:

[0116] Based on the above model, the load active power of node i can be obtained:

[0117]

[0118] In order to express the model in a compact form, the above formula is transformed as follows:

[0119]

[0120] It can be expressed in matrix form as:

[0121] A u L=G

[0122] Among them, A u is the power flow tracking matrix.

[0123] The load in node i obtains the active power component from the generator in node m as follows:

[0124]

[0125] Among them, P i,m The load in node i obtains the active power component from the generator in node m, where M is the set of generators.

[0126] Accordingly, the green power active power component and the non-green power active power component obtained by the load in node i from the generator in node m are respectively expressed as:

[0127]

[0128] From this calculation, we can get the content of green power units in the active power load of node i. It is expressed as:

[0129]

[0130] Among them, e i ∈R N×1 is a column vector whose components are all 0 except the i-th component which is 1.

[0131] According to the power generation and consumption data and the grid branch and node data calculated in steps 1, 2 and 3, the amount of electricity from green power units in the active power of each node load in the target area is calculated. The flow chart can be found in Figure 4 .

[0132] The flowchart of the green electricity traceability process recorded by blockchain can be found in Figure 5 .

[0133] The green electricity traceability blockchain platform is divided into three modules: off-chain processor, browser interface and on-chain database. Among them, the off-chain processor module is mainly responsible for completing the collection of basic parameters of the target area, the browser interface module realizes the reporting of green electricity traceability data through smart contracts, and the on-chain database can save detailed information of the entire green electricity traceability process. The specific process is as follows:

[0134] (31) The profit function I, real-time electricity price R, and power generation vector P of each participant are G , use the electric vector P U , the branch flow F, node injection power G and load power distribution L in the target area are uploaded to the off-chain processor;

[0135] (32) Off-chain processors according to A u L=G to obtain the power flow tracking matrix and write it into the smart contract;

[0136] (33) The smart contract automatically calculates the electricity consumption composition of nodes in the target area based on the green electricity traceability method, that is, P C,i,m , P NC,i,m and Determine the user's actual consumption and record it automatically;

[0137] (34) After completing the above information collection, the browser interface module reports the data to the on-chain database, generates a new block to record the details, and publishes the corresponding information to each node. The on-chain database saves the data information of the entire green electricity traceability process.

[0138] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. A person skilled in the art should understand that the specific implementation of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents, but these modifications or changes are within the scope of protection of the pending claims.

Claims

1. A method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game, characterized in that: The green electricity tracing method of the power system comprises the following steps: Step 1: Conduct multilateral game in the target area, calculate the multilateral game transaction results in the target area, and obtain multi-party benefits, price adjustments, and power generation adjustments; Step 2: Obtain branch power flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area; Step 3: Perform green power flow accounting and generate a blockchain to record the green power traceability results.

2. According to claim 1, a method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game, characterized in that: Define the scope of the target area and obtain the types of multiple entities therein, including: power generation entities, power consumption entities, and entities with both power generation and power consumption characteristics, and establish an operation and profit model for multiple entities; calculate the results of multilateral game transactions in the target area, and obtain multi-entity benefits, price adjustments, and power generation and consumption adjustments.

3. The method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The mechanism of multilateral game is as follows: (11) Assume that the participants in the game are D = {d1, d2, ..., d k ,...}, the strategies proposed by each subject are the unit electricity prices of the trading scenarios; (12) Set the initial scenario parameters and calculate the initial income I0 of each entity based on the initial electricity price; (13) In each round of the game, a subject d is selected k As a bargaining participant, the other entities are decision-making participants. k First, the electricity price and revenue are proposed, and all decision-makers use the bargaining function to calculate the actual rejection probability of the current subject to the proposed strategy; (14) Determine the approval status of the current strategy through sampling. If all decision participants approve this strategy, proceed to the next step; if any decision participant rejects this strategy, return to step (13); (15) Determine whether all participating entities have proposed operating plans as bargaining participants. If there are still participating entities that have not made a quotation, return to step (13); (16) Compare the profit functions of the current round and the previous round strategies. If the deviation is less than δ, end the game, take the current optimal solution into account, and go to step (17); otherwise, replace the new bargaining participants to continue the game, and take this result as the initial feasible solution, and return to step (13); (17) Based on the game results, determine the profit functions, price adjustments, and power generation adjustments of multiple entities.

4. The method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The bargaining function is expressed as follows: According to the Weber-Fechner law, the sequential bargaining function is constructed, and its expression is: Among them, c inc represents the reduction in the profit of decision-makers under the current strategy, P(c inc ) represents the probability of the decision-maker rejecting the current plan calculated by the corresponding reduction in revenue, α, k0, c inc,min are the Weber constant, the stimulus constant, and the just noticeable difference. The just noticeable difference is the threshold of the profit reduction, which represents the minimum change that the decision-making participants can perceive in the profit change of the bargaining participants. When the profit reduction is lower than the just noticeable difference, the rejection probability P(c inc )=0, that is, the decision-maker accepts this strategy; as the amount of benefit reduction gradually increases, the probability of the decision-maker rejecting this strategy also increases, until the rejection probability reaches 1; The calculation model formula of the reduction in the benefits of decision-makers is expressed as follows: Among them, c inc,0 、c inc,1 Represent the original return value and the return value under the new strategy respectively.

5. The method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The optimized benefits, real-time electricity prices, power generation and power consumption of multiple entities participating in the multilateral game are expressed as follows: I={I1,I2,...,I k ,...} R={R1,R2,...,R k ,...} P G ={P G,1 ,P G,2 ,...,P G,k ,...} P U ={P U,1 ,P U,2 ,...,P U,k ,...} Among them, I k , R k , P G,k , P U,k They represent the income, electricity price, power generation and electricity consumption of the kth entity respectively.

6. A method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 2, the branch power flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area are obtained, which can be expressed as: The branch flow F in the target area is an N-order square matrix, expressed as: F=(F i,j ) N×N Among them, F i,j represents the active power transmission between node i and node j, and N represents the number of nodes in the area; if there is a connecting branch between node i and node j, and the positive active power flow from node i to node j through this branch is p, then it is recorded as F i,j =p,F j,i =0; if there is no connection between node i and node j or no positive active power flow, then it is recorded as F i,j =F j,i =0; when i=j, F i,j =0; The node injection power G in the target area can be divided into green power G C and non-green electricity power G NC , G C and G NC They are all N-order diagonal matrices, expressed as: G C =diag(G C,i ) N G NC =diag(G NC,i ) N G=G C +G NC Among them, G C,i Represents the green power unit injection power of node i. If there is a green power unit injection at node i and the injected active load is p, it is recorded as G C,i =p, otherwise it is recorded as G C,i =0; G NC,i Represents the non-green power unit injection power of node i. If there is a non-green power unit injection at node i and the injected active load is p, it is recorded as G NC,i =p, otherwise it is recorded as G NC,i =0; The load power distribution L in the target area is an N-order diagonal matrix, expressed as: L=diag(L i ) N Among them, L i Represents the active power of the load at node i. If there is a load at node i and the active power is p, it is recorded as L i =p, otherwise it is recorded as L i =0.

7. A method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 3, the green power flow is calculated and the specific method of generating a blockchain to record the green power traceability result is as follows: Through the known branch flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area, the load active power of each node and the amount of green power injected are calculated, the green power flow is calculated, the real-time power generation and consumption data is uploaded, and a blockchain is generated to record the green power traceability results.

8. The method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Based on the known branch power flow, node injection power and load power distribution in the target area, the load active power of each node and the amount of green power injected are calculated to perform green power flow accounting, including: Based on the above model, the load active power of node i is obtained: In order to express the model in a compact form, the above formula is transformed as follows: It can be expressed in matrix form as: A u L=G Among them, A u is the flow tracking matrix; The load in node i obtains the active power component from the generator in node m as follows: Among them, P i,m The load in node i obtains the active power component from the generator in node m, where M is the set of generators; Accordingly, the green power active power component and the non-green power active power component obtained by the load in node i from the generator in node m are respectively expressed as: It is calculated that the content of active power load of node i coming from green power units is It is expressed as: Among them, e i ∈R N×1 is a column vector whose components are all 0 except the i-th component which is 1.

9. The method for tracing the source of green electricity in a power system based on multilateral game according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Upload real-time power generation and consumption data and generate a blockchain to record green power traceability results, including: The green electricity traceability blockchain platform is divided into three modules: off-chain processor, browser interface and on-chain database; the off-chain processor module is mainly responsible for completing the collection of basic parameters of the target area, the browser interface module realizes the reporting of green electricity traceability data through smart contracts, and the on-chain database can save detailed information of the entire green electricity traceability process; the specific process is as follows: (31) The profit function I, real-time electricity price R, and power generation vector P of each participant are G , use the electric vector P U , the branch flow F, node injection power G and load power distribution L in the target area are uploaded to the off-chain processor; (32) Off-chain processors according to A u L=G to obtain the power flow tracking matrix and write it into the smart contract; (33) The smart contract automatically calculates the electricity consumption composition of nodes in the target area based on the green electricity traceability method, that is, P C,i,m , P NC,i,m and Determine the user's actual consumption and record it automatically; (34) After completing the above information collection, the browser interface module reports the data to the on-chain database, generates a new block to record the details, and publishes the corresponding information to each node. The on-chain database saves the data information of the entire green electricity traceability process.

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