Antenna, antenna array, circuit board and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses an antenna, an antenna array, a circuit board and electronic equipment, and the antenna comprises a feed part and a first radiation part; the first radiation part comprises a first side edge and a second side edge which are oppositely arranged along a first direction, and is provided with a micro-strip gap extending from the first side edge to the second side edge, and the minimum distance between the micro-strip gap and the second side edge is greater than zero; and the feed part is located on one side of the microstrip slot in a second direction and is connected with the first radiation part so as to feed power to the first radiation part, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. By adopting the antenna, an effective current path with the same length only needs to occupy a small space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an antenna, an antenna array, a circuit board and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of wireless communication technology, wireless communication products are developing in the direction of multi-standard and high-speed. At the same time, in order to improve the signal quality of wireless signal transmission links, wireless products use MIMO and large-scale antenna arrays and other technical means to improve the multipath fading effect and improve the wireless signal signal-to-noise ratio. The performance requirements of the antenna in the wireless system are getting higher and higher. As people's requirements for the ultimate performance and beautiful craftsmanship of wireless products continue to increase, wireless products need to be smaller in size while taking into account multi-band and multi-standard. As an important part of this, the size and available space of the antenna module are getting smaller and smaller.

[0003] In related technical solutions, the multi-band ultra-wideband antenna solution requires a large physical size, which is not conducive to the integration of multi-antenna systems and the miniaturization of product design. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention discloses an antenna, an antenna array, a circuit board and an electronic device, which are used to enable the antenna to occupy a smaller space while taking into account multiple frequency bands.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, an antenna is provided, comprising: a feeding portion and a first radiating portion; the first radiating portion comprises a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, and has a microstrip slot extending from the first side toward the second side, and a minimum distance between the microstrip slot and the second side is greater than zero; the feeding portion is located on one side of the microstrip slot in the second direction, and is connected to the first radiating portion for feeding the first radiating portion, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0007] In the above-mentioned antenna, the current fed into the first radiating part by the feeding part first flows generally along the first direction to the part between the above-mentioned microstrip gap and the second side, and then continues to flow to the partial area of ​​the first radiating part located on the side of the microstrip gap away from the feeding part; due to the provision of the above-mentioned microstrip gap, within the same space, the effective current path is extended, which is beneficial to increase the bandwidth of the antenna, taking into account the low frequency band, and facilitating the formation of a multi-band antenna. With this antenna, an effective current path of the same length only needs to occupy a smaller space.

[0008] Optionally, along the first direction, the distance from the feeder to the first side is smaller than the distance from the feeder to the second side, thereby further increasing the effective current path length, taking into account the low-frequency operating frequency, and expanding the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0009] Optionally, a distance from the feeding portion to the first side is a multiple of a distance from the feeding portion to the second side that is greater than 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.75, so as to take into account both poor impedance matching and bandwidth expansion.

[0010] Optionally, the antenna further includes a microstrip short-circuit branch and a ground, one end of the microstrip short-circuit branch is connected to one end of the first radiating portion close to the second side, and the other end of the microstrip short-circuit branch is grounded. The loaded microstrip short-circuit branch can adjust the impedance matching, equivalently forming an inductive reactance device, and the impedance matching of the low-frequency resonance point is better, and the antenna height can be effectively reduced under the same bandwidth.

[0011] Optionally, in the second direction, the microstrip short-circuit branch and the feeding portion are located on the same side of the microstrip slot, which is beneficial to reducing the physical size of the antenna in the second direction and reducing the antenna profile.

[0012] Optionally, the microstrip gap includes a first straight slit, and the first straight slit extends from the first side edge toward the second side edge, which is beneficial to increase the effective current path length.

[0013] Optionally, the microstrip gap further includes a second straight gap, and the second straight gap is vertically connected to an end of the first straight gap away from the first side, so as to further increase the effective current path length.

[0014] Optionally, the microstrip gap further includes a third straight gap, and the third straight gap is vertically connected to one end of the second straight gap to further increase the effective current path length.

[0015] Optionally, the first radiating portion includes a rectangular area and a tapered area arranged along the second direction, and the two sides of the rectangular area in the first direction respectively form the first side and the second side; the rectangular area also includes a third side connecting the first side and the second side, a side of the tapered area coincides with the third side, and the feeding portion is connected to a corner of the tapered area away from the third side. Gradually widening from the connection position of the feeding portion through the tapered area to the rectangular area is conducive to impedance matching, and can increase the unit area, so that the current flows through the area larger, thereby increasing the radiation resistance, improving the impedance of the antenna, and obtaining a better bandwidth.

[0016] Optionally, the first radiating portion is a metal sheet or a metal thin layer, both of which can achieve effective integration of the antenna and reduce occupied space.

[0017] In a second aspect, an antenna array is provided, which includes a plurality of antenna units distributed in an array, wherein one or more of the antenna units are antennas provided by any of the above-mentioned technical solutions.

[0018] In a third aspect, a circuit board is provided, comprising a substrate and the antenna described in any of the above technical solutions, wherein one surface of the substrate is covered with a first metal thin layer, and the first metal thin layer forms the first radiation portion.

[0019] The advantages of the circuit board and the antenna described above compared to the prior art are the same, and will not be described in detail here.

[0020] Optionally, the surface of the substrate away from the first metal layer is covered with a second metal layer, the second metal layer forms a second radiating portion, and the second radiating portion is connected to the first radiating portion through a plurality of metal vias; along the direction perpendicular to the substrate, the projection of the second radiating portion coincides with the projection of the first radiating portion; the distance from at least one of the metal vias to the feeding portion is less than or equal to 0.5λ, where λ represents the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the highest resonant frequency band of the antenna. Avoid the generation of charge oscillation between the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion, resulting in radiation energy loss and affecting the antenna efficiency.

[0021] Optionally, the number of the metal vias is between 3 and 6. This ensures that the current of the first radiating part can effectively flow into the second radiating part, and at the same time, avoids the generation of parasitic resonance units due to too many metal vias, which affects the antenna efficiency and radiation pattern.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes the antenna described in any of the above technical solutions, or includes the antenna array described in the above technical solutions, or includes the circuit board described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0023] The advantages of the electronic device and the antenna or circuit board described above compared with the prior art are the same, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 express Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first variation of the antenna shown;

[0027] Figure 4 express Figure 1A schematic structural diagram of a second variation of the antenna shown;

[0028] Figure 5 express Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a third variation of the antenna shown;

[0029] Figure 6 express Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a fourth variation of the antenna shown;

[0030] Figure 7a express Figure 1 Schematic diagram of return loss of the antenna shown;

[0031] Figure 7b express Figure 3 Schematic diagram of return loss corresponding to the antenna shown;

[0032] Figure 7c express Figure 4 Schematic diagram of return loss corresponding to the antenna shown;

[0033] Figure 7d express Figure 6 Schematic diagram of return loss corresponding to the antenna shown;

[0034] Figure 8a Show Figure 1 The antenna shown has a radiation pattern at 2.4 GHz;

[0035] Figure 8b express Figure 8a The cross-section of the shown pattern at 60°;

[0036] Figure 9a Show Figure 1 The antenna shown has a radiation pattern at 5.45 GHz;

[0037] Figure 9b express Figure 9a The cross-section of the shown pattern at 60°;

[0038] Fig.10 A schematic diagram showing the three-dimensional structure of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 :

[0041] The antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: a feeding portion 40 and a first radiating portion 10; the first radiating portion 10 includes a first side M1 and a second side M2 ​​arranged relatively along a first direction (referenced to the straight line direction where the x-axis is located), and has a microstrip slot 30 extending from the first side M1 to the direction of the second side M2, and the minimum distance between the microstrip slot 30 and the second side M2 ​​is greater than zero; the feeding portion 40 is located on one side of the microstrip slot 30 in the second direction (referenced to the straight line direction where the y-axis is located), and is connected to the first radiating portion 10 for feeding the first radiating portion 10, wherein the second direction (referenced to the straight line direction where the y-axis is located) is perpendicular to the first direction (referenced to the straight line direction where the x-axis is located).

[0042] In the above-mentioned antenna, the current fed into the first radiating portion 10 by the feeding portion 40 first flows generally along the first direction (the direction of the straight line where the reference x-axis is located) to the portion between the above-mentioned microstrip slot 30 and the second side M2, and then continues to flow to the partial area of ​​the first radiating portion 10 located on the side of the microstrip slot 30 away from the feeding portion 40; due to the provision of the above-mentioned microstrip slot 30, within the same space, the effective current path is extended, and the resonant wavelength of the antenna is increased, so that a resonance point is formed in the low frequency band, thereby expanding the frequency band supported by the antenna, which is beneficial to increasing the bandwidth of the antenna, taking into account the low frequency band, and facilitating the formation of a multi-band antenna. With this antenna, an effective current path of the same length only needs to occupy a smaller space.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, along the first direction (referenced to the straight line direction where the x-axis is located), the distance from the feeding portion 40 to the first side M1 is less than the distance from the feeding portion 40 to the second side M2. The feeding portion 40 is offset toward the first side M1, further away from the end of the microstrip slot 30 close to the second side M2, further increasing the effective current path length, thereby facilitating the consideration of low-frequency operating frequencies and further expanding the bandwidth of the antenna. Figure 7a express Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the return loss of the antenna shown. Figure 3 Show Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the first variation of the antenna shown, Figure 7b express Figure 3 The return loss diagram corresponding to the antenna shown in Figure 7a and Figure 7b In the figure, the horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents return loss in dB. The other return loss diagrams in the following text are similar. Figure 3 In Figure 1 The feeding portion 40 in FIG. 1 is modified to be centered at an equal distance from the first side M1 and the second side M2. Figure 7a and Figure 7bIt can be seen that when the feeding part 40 is modified to a central position that is equal to the first side M1 and the second side M2, the high-frequency impedance matching of the antenna is poor, the high-frequency return loss is greater than -10dB, and the bandwidth is small. When the feeding part 40 is closer to the first side M1, the impedance characteristics of the antenna in the high-frequency band are better, the return loss in the high-frequency band is less than -13dB, and the return loss in the low-frequency band is also improved. Among them, the low-frequency band represents the 2400MHz to 2500MHz band; the high-frequency band represents the 5150MHz to 5850MHz band, and the 5925MHz to 7125MHz band.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the distance from the feeding portion 40 to the first side M1 is a multiple of the distance from the feeding portion 40 to the second side M2 ​​that is greater than 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.75, and can be specifically 0.51 times, 0.52 times, 0.54 times, 0.55 times, 0.57 times, 0.58 times, 0.6 times, 0.62 times, 0.65 times, 0.68 times, 0.7 times, 0.73 times and 0.75 times, etc. Specifically, in Figure 1 In the figure, the distance between the feed part 40 and the first side M1 is 8.5 mm, and the distance between the feed part 40 and the second side M2 ​​is 15 mm. If the multiple is too large, the distance between the feed part 40 and the second side M2 ​​in the first direction (reference direction of the straight line where the x-axis is located) is too far, and the distance between the feed part 40 and the first side M1 is too close, resulting in poor impedance matching; if the multiple is too small, the distance between the feed part 40 and the second side M2 ​​in the first direction (reference direction of the straight line where the x-axis is located) is similar to that of the first side M1, close to the center position, and the effective current path length is short, which is not conducive to expanding the bandwidth.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the antenna further includes a microstrip short-circuit branch 60 and a ground 20, one end of the microstrip short-circuit branch 60 is connected to an end of the first radiating portion 10 close to the second side M2, and the other end of the microstrip short-circuit branch 60 is connected to the ground 20. Figure 1, taking the feeding part 40 as a coaxial cable as an example, the inner core of the coaxial cable is connected to the first radiating part 10 and is used to feed the signal to the first radiating part 10, and the outer skin of the coaxial cable is connected to the ground 20. Among them, the ground 20 can be a conductive structure such as a metal shell of an electronic device. The loaded microstrip short-circuit branch 60 can adjust the impedance matching, and is equivalent to forming an inductive reactance device, which can match the equivalent capacitive reactance of the first radiating part 10, so that the impedance of the feeding port is optimized (such as close to 50Ω), and the impedance matching of the low-frequency resonance point is better. At the same time, the Q value (Chinese: quality factor) can be reduced, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be further improved under the condition of the same antenna size; or, under the condition of the same bandwidth, the antenna height can be effectively reduced and the cross-section can be reduced. The microstrip short-circuit branch 60 is equivalent to an inductive reactance device, which is located at one end of the first radiating part 10 close to the second side M2, that is, away from the opening of the microstrip gap 30, and can match the equivalent capacitive characteristic impedance of the first radiating part 10. If the microstrip short-circuit branch 60 is located close to the first side M1, that is, close to the opening of the microstrip slot 30, the equivalent capacitive characteristic impedance value of the first radiating portion 10 will change, resulting in port mismatch, poor port standing wave ratio, and easy deviation of the resonant frequency.

[0046] The length and width of the microstrip short-circuit branch 60 can be calculated as needed. Here, taking a length of 6.5 mm and a width of 1.5 mm as an example, the microstrip short-circuit branch 60 can be equivalent to a microstrip line with an impedance of 40 to 50Ω.

[0047] Figure 4 express Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the second variation of the antenna shown, Figure 7c express Figure 4 The return loss diagram corresponding to the antenna shown is shown in Figure 1. Figure 4 In the second variation, Figure 1 The microstrip short-circuit branch 60 in the antenna is removed, that is, the microstrip short-circuit branch 60 is not loaded; Figure 7a and Figure 7c It can be seen that the antenna without the short-circuit microstrip short-circuit branch 60 has poor impedance matching at low frequencies of 2.4G to 2.5G, with a return loss of only -4.8dB and a small antenna bandwidth, while the antenna with the short-circuit microstrip branch 60 has a return loss of -11.7dB and a large antenna bandwidth. Under the same bandwidth, Figure 1 The antenna shown can effectively reduce the antenna height and lower the profile.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, in the second direction (referenced to the straight line direction where the y-axis is located), the microstrip short-circuit branch 60 and the feed section 40 are located on the same side of the microstrip slot 30. The two are concentrated on the same side of the microstrip slot 30, which is conducive to reducing the physical size of the antenna in the second direction (referenced to the straight line direction where the y-axis is located) and reducing the antenna profile. It should be noted that in the second direction (referenced to the straight line direction where the y-axis is located), the microstrip short-circuit branch 60 and the feed section 40 can also be located on different sides of the microstrip slot 30, so as to reduce the interference between the short-circuit branch 60 and the feed section 40.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, reference Figure 1 The microstrip slot 30 includes a first straight slot 31, which extends from the first side M1 to the second side M2. The first straight slot 31 is used to divide the first radiation portion 10 into an upper half and a lower half in the second direction (referenced to the straight line direction where the y-axis is located). The current fed by the feeding portion 40 needs to first flow in the direction of the second side M2 ​​to the connection between the upper half and the lower half, and then flow to the right side into the upper half of the first radiation portion 10, thereby increasing the effective current path length. At the same time, the linear extension of the first straight slot 31 is convenient for processing and molding, and is not easy to form burrs and generate parasitic resonance units.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the microstrip slot 30 further includes a second straight slot 32, and the second straight slot 32 is vertically connected to an end of the first straight slot 31 away from the first side M1. The second straight slot 32 is conducive to allowing the current to continue to flow around the upper half or lower half of the first radiation portion 10, further increasing the effective current path length, and the straight extension method is easy to process and shape, and is not easy to form burrs and generate parasitic resonance units.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, the microstrip slot 30 further includes a third straight slot 33, and the third straight slot 33 is vertically connected to one end of the second straight slot 32. The third straight slot 33 is conducive to allowing the current to continue to flow around the upper half of the first radiation portion 10, further increasing the effective current path length, and the straight extension method is convenient for processing and molding, and is not easy to form burrs and generate parasitic resonance units.

[0052] Figure 5 express Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the third variation of the antenna shown in FIG. Figure 5 ,and Figure 1 In contrast, only the first straight seam 31 is retained in the microstrip gap 30 . Figure 5 In the corresponding third variation, after simulation, the return loss of the antenna with only the first straight slot 31 retained in the microstrip slot 30 is below -10dB in the 2.4G frequency band. Figure 1The microstrip slot 30 in the antenna includes the first straight slot 31, the second straight slot 33 and the third straight slot 33. The impedance matching is good in the 2.4G frequency band, the return loss is -11.7dB, and the antenna bandwidth is large. Under the same bandwidth, Figure 1 The antenna shown can effectively reduce the antenna height and lower the profile. Figure 5 The corresponding third deformation has a lower return loss than Figure 1 antenna, but the performance is still good.

[0053] exist Figure 1 In the example, the length of the first straight slit 31 is about 13 mm, the width is 0.8 mm, the second straight slit 32 and the third straight slit 33 form an "L"-shaped slit, the total length of which is about 6.4 mm, and the total length of the three straight slits of the microstrip slot 30 is between 0.2 times and 0.28 times the wavelength of the lowest point of the antenna resonant frequency band, for example, it can be 0.2 times, 0.23 times, 0.25 times and 0.28 times, etc. The shape and size of the microstrip slot 30 can be appropriately deformed, for example, an "E"-shaped microstrip slot 30 is used, the microstrip slot 30 divides the first radiating portion 10 into an upper half and a lower half, and the opening direction of the "E"-shaped microstrip slot 30 can be toward the upper half or the lower half.

[0054] Figure 6 express Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth variation of the antenna shown, Figure 7d express Figure 6 The return loss diagram corresponding to the antenna shown is shown in Figure 1. Figure 6 In the fourth variation, Figure 1 The microstrip slot 30 in the antenna shown is removed; contrast Figure 7a and Figure 7d It can be seen that the antenna without microstrip slot 30 has poor impedance matching in the 2.4G frequency band, with a return loss of only -2.7dB and a small antenna bandwidth, while the antenna with microstrip slot 30 has good impedance matching in the 2.4G frequency band, with a return loss of -11.7dB and a large antenna bandwidth. Under the same bandwidth, Figure 1 The antenna shown can effectively reduce the antenna height and lower the profile.

[0055] At the same time, it can be understood that changing the size of the microstrip slot 30 can achieve the high and low movement of the low-frequency resonance point.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the first radiating portion 10 includes a rectangular area 12 and a conical area 11 arranged along a second direction (referenced to the straight line direction where the y-axis is located), and the two sides of the rectangular area 12 in the first direction (referenced to the straight line direction where the x-axis is located) respectively form a first side M1 and a second side M2; the rectangular area 12 also includes a third side M3 connecting the first side M1 and the second side M2, a side of the conical area 11 coincides with the third side M3, and the feeding portion 40 is connected to the corner of the conical area 11 away from the third side M3. Exemplarily, the length of the third side M3 is between 23 mm and 24 mm, such as 23 mm, 23.2 mm, 23.4 mm, 23.5 mm, 23.7 mm, 23.8 mm and 24 mm, etc., the length of the first side M1 is between 3.8 mm and 4.8 mm, such as 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.3 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.7 mm and 4.8 mm, etc., and the dimension of the tapered area 11 in the second direction (reference direction of the straight line where the y-axis is located) is between 5 mm and 6 mm, such as 5 mm, 5.2 mm, 5.4 mm, 5.6 mm, 5.7 mm and 5.8 mm. In the first direction (reference to the straight line direction of the x-axis), the distance between the feeding portion 40 and the first side M1 is between 8mm and 9mm, such as 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.9mm and 9mm, and the distance between the feeding portion 40 and the second side M2 ​​is between 14.5mm and 15.5mm, such as 14.5mm, 14.6mm, 14.7mm, 14.8mm, 15mm, 15.2mm, 15.3mm, 15.4mm and 15.5mm, etc. In the first radiating portion 10, the connection position of the feeding portion 40 is gradually widened to the rectangular area 12 through the tapered area 11, which is conducive to impedance matching, and can increase the unit area, so that the current flows through the area larger, thereby increasing the radiation resistance, improving the impedance of the antenna, and obtaining a better bandwidth.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the first radiation portion 10 is a metal sheet (see Figure 2 , such as a copper sheet) or a metal thin layer. The metal sheet has sufficient supporting strength and does not need to be attached to other structures. For example, a metal shell of an electronic device is used to form the first radiating portion 10. The metal thin layer needs to be attached to other structures to be formed. For example, the first radiating portion 10 is formed using a metal thin layer on the surface of a substrate of a printed circuit board. All of the above can achieve effective integration of the antenna and reduce the occupied space.

[0058] Taking the various physical dimensions listed above as an example, the entire antenna vibrator is 24mm long, 11mm high, and 0.8mm thick. It supports the 2400MHz to 2500MHz frequency band, the 5150MHz to 5850MHz frequency band, and the 5925MHz to 7125MHz frequency band, and supports the full WiFi frequency band including Sub6GHz (above 6GHz). The antenna can be perpendicular to a metal reflective surface to reflect the radiated signal in a certain direction to increase the gain in that direction. The various dimensional data listed above are exemplary, but not limited to the above data.

[0059] In addition, the antenna can be combined with other antennas to form a multi-antenna system.

[0060] The following simulation diagrams are used to illustrate the performance of the antenna in various frequency bands.

[0061] Figure 8a Show Figure 1 The antenna's radiation pattern at 2.4 GHz is shown. Figure 8b express Figure 8a The cross-sectional view of the radiation pattern at 60° shows that at 2.4 GHz, the antenna is horizontally omnidirectional and has good non-circularity.

[0062] Figure 9a Show Figure 1 The antenna's radiation pattern at 5.45 GHz is shown. Figure 9b express Figure 9a The cross-sectional view of the radiation pattern at 60° shows that at 5.45 GHz, it is horizontally omnidirectional and has good non-circularity.

[0063] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application embodiment also provides an antenna array, referring to Fig.10 The antenna array includes a plurality of antenna units 101 distributed in an array, wherein one or more antenna units 101 are antennas provided in the above embodiment. These antenna units 101 can be installed on a mounting plate 100. When the antenna is installed, the first radiating portion 10 can be perpendicular to the mounting plate 100, and the angle between the first radiating portion 10 and the mounting plate 100 can also be an acute angle. Since the antenna provided in the above embodiment is relatively low in height, it is helpful to reduce the height of the antenna array.

[0064] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a circuit board.

[0065] The circuit board includes a substrate 50 and an antenna of any of the above technical solutions, one surface of the substrate 50 is covered with a first metal thin layer, and the first metal thin layer forms a first radiating portion 10. Its technical effect is similar to that of the antenna provided above, and in addition, the integration with the circuit board can be improved.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, the surface of the substrate 50 away from the first metal layer is covered with a second metal layer, the second metal layer forms a second radiating portion, and the second radiating portion is connected to the first radiating portion 10 through a plurality of metal vias; along a direction perpendicular to the substrate 50, the projection of the second radiating portion coincides with the projection of the first radiating portion 10; at least one metal via (such as Figure 1 The distance between the metal via a, metal via b, metal via c or metal via d) and the feeding part 40 is less than or equal to 0.5λ, and can be specifically between 0.2λ and 0.5λ times, such as 0.2λ, 0.3λ, 0.4λ and 0.5λ, where λ represents the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the highest resonant frequency band of the antenna. Among the above-mentioned multiple metal vias, the metal via a is closest to the feeding part 40, at least ensuring that the distance between the metal via a and the feeding part 40 is less than or equal to 0.5λ, but other metal vias are also allowed to meet the distance condition. If the metal via a is too far away from the feeding part 40 or no metal via is added, it will cause charge oscillation between the first radiating part 10 and the second radiating part, causing radiation energy loss and affecting the antenna efficiency. A double-sided board FR4 can be used, and copper is clad on both sides of the substrate to form a first metal layer and a second metal layer. This structure has a high degree of integration and is conducive to improving the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0067] In a specific embodiment, the number of metal vias is between 3 and 6, which can be 3, 4, 5 and 6. If there are too few metal vias, the current of the first radiating portion 10 cannot effectively flow into the second radiating portion, and the radiation performance of the second radiating portion is poor. If there are too many metal vias, parasitic resonance units will be generated, affecting the antenna efficiency and radiation pattern. Taking 4 metal vias as an example, the range of the metal via a from the feeding portion 40 is within 0.5λ, and 0.5λ can be equal to 5mm in a more specific embodiment. The metal via b is also arranged close to the feeding portion 40, but farther away from the feeding portion 40 than the metal via a. The metal via c is located at the microstrip short-circuit branch 60, and the metal via d is located at one end of the first radiating portion 10 close to the microstrip short-circuit branch 60. Arranging the metal via c at the microstrip short-circuit branch 60 and arranging the metal via d near it is conducive to reducing the capacitance between the microstrip short-circuit branch 60 and another microstrip short-circuit branch on the opposite side.

[0068] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes the antenna provided in the above embodiment, or includes the antenna array provided in the above embodiment, or includes the circuit board provided in the above embodiment. The technical effects refer to the antenna, antenna array or circuit board in the above text.

[0069] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: A feeding portion and a first radiating portion; The first radiating portion includes a first side and a second side that are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, and has a microstrip gap extending from the first side toward the second side, and a minimum distance between the microstrip gap and the second side is greater than zero; The feeding portion is located at one side of the microstrip slot in a second direction and connected to the first radiating portion for feeding power to the first radiating portion, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that Along the first direction, a distance from the feeding portion to the first side is smaller than a distance from the feeding portion to the second side.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: A multiple of a distance from the feeding portion to the first side edge and a distance from the feeding portion to the second side edge is greater than 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.

75.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a microstrip short-circuit branch and a ground, one end of the microstrip short-circuit branch is connected to an end of the first radiating portion close to the second side, and the other end of the microstrip short-circuit branch is grounded.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the second direction, the microstrip short-circuit branch and the feeding portion are located on the same side of the microstrip slot.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The microstrip gap includes a first straight seam, and the first straight seam extends from the first side edge toward the second side edge.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The microstrip gap further includes a second straight seam, and the second straight seam is vertically connected to an end of the first straight seam away from the first side.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The microstrip gap further includes a third straight seam, and the third straight seam is vertically connected to one end of the second straight seam.

9. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiating portion includes a rectangular area and a tapered area arranged along the second direction, and two sides of the rectangular area in the first direction form the first side and the second side respectively; The rectangular area further includes a third side connecting the first side and the second side, a side of the tapered area coincides with the third side, and the feeding portion is connected to a corner of the tapered area away from the third side.

10. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiation portion is a metal sheet or a metal thin layer.

11. An antenna array, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of antenna units distributed in an array, wherein one or more of the antenna units are the antennas according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A circuit board, characterized in that: The invention comprises a substrate and the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein one surface of the substrate is covered with a first metal thin layer, and the first metal thin layer forms the first radiation portion.

13. The circuit board according to claim 12, characterized in that: A surface of the substrate away from the first metal layer is covered with a second metal layer, the second metal layer forms a second radiating portion, and the second radiating portion is connected to the first radiating portion through a plurality of metal vias; Along a direction perpendicular to the substrate, a projection of the second radiating portion coincides with a projection of the first radiating portion; The distance from at least one of the metal vias to the feeding portion is less than or equal to 0.5λ, where λ represents the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the highest resonant frequency band of the antenna.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, or comprises the antenna array according to claim 11, or comprises the circuit board according to claim 12 or claim 13.

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