Method for cleaning dust on surface of photovoltaic panel

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for cleaning dust on the surface of a photovoltaic panel, in particular to a method for cleaning dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, namely combined cleaning of forward-inclined flat plate sliding and distributed gradient water flow, a forward-inclined structure can prevent a large amount of washed dust and sewage mixture from being gathered under a cleaning plate, and the retention time of dust particles on the photovoltaic panel is shortened under the action of gravity and washing force; the cleaning efficiency is improved; by means of the synergistic effect of the forward inclined structure and the distributed gradient water flow, the flushing area is enlarged, meanwhile, the water amount of different injection openings is decreased progressively from top to bottom, the overall cleaning efficiency is improved, and water is saved. The cleaning plate with the forward inclined structure can be flexibly assembled and disassembled, and can also be combined with a ground unmanned vehicle through a telescopic mechanical arm. Besides, the water solution of the dust suppression type photovoltaic panel cleaning agent is regularly used, so that'reentrainment of dust 'caused by accumulated dust cleaned from the ground of a photovoltaic factory can be avoided, passive cleaning is gradually changed into active treatment, and long-term environmental protection significance is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the supporting technical field of the photovoltaic industry, and specifically relates to a device and method for cleaning dust on the surface of a photovoltaic panel. Background Art

[0002] The photovoltaic industry has huge investment and scale, and the market demand is growing. It is a rapidly developing industry. However, in the process of early infrastructure construction and later operation and maintenance, an environmental problem has gradually emerged - "dust" pollution. Since photovoltaic panels mainly rely on absorbing solar energy and converting it into electricity to generate electricity, the cleanlier the surface of the photovoltaic panels, the more conducive it is to power generation; however, photovoltaic plants are generally built in open and exposed areas, and dust particles often accumulate on photovoltaic panels. If photovoltaic panels accumulate dust for a long time, it will not only affect the power generation, but also shorten the service life of related components, causing considerable economic losses to photovoltaic companies. Atmospheric particulate pollution is one of the most common environmental problems in my country, with a wide range of impacts, especially in the northern region. For this reason, photovoltaic plants need to clean photovoltaic panels regularly to ensure power generation.

[0003] At present, there are mainly the following ways to clean photovoltaic panels:

[0004] (1) Manual cleaning: flushing with a hose or wiping with a long-handled cloth. Advantages: cleans more thoroughly; Disadvantages: long cleaning time, high labor costs, difficult to manage, waste of water resources, low safety factor, and people stepping on the solar panels can easily cause cracks.

[0005] (2) Traditional mechanized cleaning: Generally, a water truck is used to spray water for cleaning, and it drives between the photovoltaic panels. Advantages: labor saving and high speed; Disadvantages: The sand and water truck is large in size, has requirements for the installation spacing on site, consumes a lot of water, and the cleaning is uneven.

[0006] (3) Unmanned machine cleaning: Advantages: no labor, high degree of automation, uniform cleaning, remote control or background operation, customizable cleaning time, 24-hour cleaning. Disadvantages: large one-time investment, stubborn stains are difficult to clean, and cleaning efficiency needs to be improved.

[0007] Unmanned aerial vehicle photovoltaic cleaning is a new business model that has developed with the development of the photovoltaic industry. At present, there are mainly two types. One is the flying drone cleaning, which is limited by load capacity and single operation area, and the aerial cleaning efficiency is low; the other is the vertical plate translation unmanned aerial vehicle cleaning method, which drives the dust-containing sewage mixture on the panel from one end of the photovoltaic panel along the horizontal baseline of the photovoltaic panel to the other end, which is divided into water washing and dry wiping; however, this translational cleaning method can easily cause the dust and sewage mixture cleaned from the front to gather under the cleaning plate and be pushed to move. Dust and sewage exist on the panel for too long, similar to wiping the glass with a "dirty rag", which interferes with the subsequent cleaning, reduces the effectiveness of the subsequent clean water, and affects the overall cleaning efficiency; in addition, some dust particles in the translation process will also cause friction loss to the glass panel.

[0008] To this end, we invented a method for cleaning dust on the surface of photovoltaic panels - a combination of forward-inclined flat-plate sliding + distributed gradient water flow, as shown in the schematic diagram. The cleaning plate forms a certain acute angle with the horizontal baseline of the photovoltaic panel. The forward-inclined structure can prevent the washed sand, dust and sewage mixture from accumulating in large quantities under the edge of the cleaning plate. Under the action of gravity and flushing force, it moves downward along the inclined surface of the photovoltaic panel, shortening the residence time of the dust and sewage mixture on the photovoltaic panel, improving the cleaning efficiency, and saving water to a certain extent; the forward-inclined structure can realize the top-down distributed water flow design function, and different sizes of injection ports form different flow rates. The synergistic effect of the forward-inclined structure and the distributed gradient water flow can expand the effective area of ​​the cleaning liquid, improve the water utilization efficiency, and increase the proportion of local clean water, further improving the overall cleaning efficiency and saving water.

[0009] For the cleaning of photovoltaic power stations in desert or Gobi areas, two types of dust are mainly targeted:

[0010] (1) Local dust. During construction, earth-moving will destroy the natural surface film in the area, and a lot of new dust will be turned up from the ground. If it is not controlled in time, it will easily cause local dust and have long-term direct impacts.

[0011] (2) External dust: Atmospheric particulate pollution is one of the most common environmental problems in my country, affecting a wide range of areas, especially in the north. These fine particles blown by the wind from the external environment will be deposited on the photovoltaic panels. Simply washing the dust on the photovoltaic panels to the surface without treatment will cause the fine dust particles to accumulate under the photovoltaic panels and become local dust, aggravating the local "secondary dust" pollution.

[0012] To this end, the aqueous solution of dust suppression photovoltaic panel cleaning agent can be used instead of water (water dries up, dust is still dust), so that the cleaned dust can be aggregated (water dries up, the aggregate structure formed by the gel network is still there), fixed on the surface, suppressing local "secondary dust", and to a certain extent avoiding the direct impact of local dust on photovoltaic panels. In a sense, it is to gradually change the passive cleaning of dust on photovoltaic panels into active dust control, and it can improve the dust in the surrounding environment, which has long-term benefits and is conducive to the sustainable development of the photovoltaic industry. Summary of the invention

[0013] A method for cleaning dust on the surface of a photovoltaic panel, mainly including relevant cleaning equipment and cleaning methods on the photovoltaic panel: the angle between the quadrilateral cleaning plate and the horizontal baseline of the photovoltaic panel is an acute angle, ranging from 30 degrees to 85 degrees, and the quadrilateral cleaning plate with a forward-leaning appearance can be installed on the photovoltaic panel with a connector; the spraying method of the cleaning liquid is distributed + gradient water flow, and the water pipes in the cleaning plate are arranged in sequence with injection ports of different sizes, which gradually decrease from top to bottom, and the ratio range is between 1.0 and 0.1. The larger the ratio, the larger the water flow rate of the injection port, and the forward-leaning structure can realize a distributed water flow with a gradually decreasing flow rate from top to bottom, and the cleaning liquid is sprayed downward; an adjustable valve is installed at the inlet of the water pipe in the cleaning plate, and the cleaning intensity can be controlled by changing the total flow of the water pipe, so that the cleaning efficiency can be improved and water can be saved. The cleaning method of parallel movement of the cleaning plate on the photovoltaic panel can improve the cleaning efficiency and save water, and water or cleaning agent can be used as the cleaning liquid according to actual needs; the cleaning plate can be flexibly loaded and unloaded or combined, and is suitable for on-site cleaning of large-area photovoltaic panels.

[0014] 1. The cleaning plate forms a certain acute angle with the horizontal baseline of the photovoltaic panel. This forward-leaning structure can prevent the washed sand, dust and sewage mixture from gathering in large quantities under the parallel moving cleaning plate, interfering with the subsequent cleaning; under the action of gravity and flushing force, the dust and sewage mixture moves downward along the inclined surface of the photovoltaic panel, shortening the residence time of the dust and sewage mixture on the photovoltaic panel; this forward-leaning quadrilateral cleaning plate can be a rectangle or a parallelogram, with a length similar to the width of the photovoltaic panel and a width slightly smaller than the size of the connector. It can be installed on the panel through the connector, or removed and installed on another panel.

[0015] 2. The angle between the quadrilateral cleaning plate and the horizontal baseline of the photovoltaic panel is an acute angle, which can be a fixed angle; it can also be changed by adjusting the connector, and the angle range is 30 degrees to 85 degrees. Compared with the traditional vertical structure, this forward-leaning structure increases the flushing area of ​​the unit cleaning liquid, which is conducive to the dust and sewage mixture leaving the photovoltaic panel, especially some large particles of sand and dust can quickly leave the photovoltaic glass panel, avoiding the friction loss of the photovoltaic glass panel caused by the particles being pushed during the cleaning process.

[0016] 3. The forward-inclined structure is also one of the conditions for realizing a controllable distributed gradient water flow cleaning method. Compared with the linear water flow formed under the vertical structure cleaning plate, the forward-inclined structure can realize the function of flushing the bottom of the cleaning plate with a distributed fluid. From top to bottom, the liquid flow of nozzles of different sizes is also different. In this way, the water flow rate on the upper part of the cleaning plate is large, and this part of water stays on the photovoltaic panel for a relatively long time (the path is long, and the cleaning time in contact with dust is long), and the corresponding effect is also large; the water flow rate at the lower part becomes smaller accordingly, and the relative retention time becomes shorter; in a sense, it improves the utilization efficiency of the unit water volume, improves the cleaning efficiency, and saves water.

[0017] 4. The size of the injection nozzles arranged in sequence on the water pipes in the cleaning plate gradually decreases from top to bottom, with a ratio ranging from 1.0 to 0.1, or is reduced in proportion (such as: 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1); in this way, the cleaning water flow rate can be gradually reduced from top to bottom. Compared with the mixed water flow in a line formed under the vertical structure cleaning plate, the synergistic effect of distributed and gradient water flow can expand the coverage area of ​​the cleaning liquid, increase the proportion of local clean water, improve water utilization efficiency, and further improve overall cleaning efficiency and water conservation.

[0018] 5. The number of jets can be adjusted according to the length of the water pipe and the water flow in the cleaning board. In addition, a valve that can adjust the flow in the water pipe is installed at the inlet of the water pipe in the cleaning board. The water flow rate of the jet can be changed by controlling the size of the valve, and the intensity of the cleaning board cleaning the photovoltaic panel can be adjusted. If there is a lot of dust and the cleaning intensity needs to be increased, open the valve wider.

[0019] 6. This forward-leaning cleaning plate can be flexibly loaded and unloaded. It can be installed on a photovoltaic panel with a track, or transferred to another photovoltaic panel through the track. This forward-leaning cleaning plate can also be installed on the telescopic arm of a ground unmanned vehicle, combined into one, and moved parallel to the photovoltaic panel through a suspended cleaning mode. It is suitable for on-site cleaning of large-area photovoltaic panels.

[0020] 7. Generally, water is used as a cleaning liquid. After the water dries up, the sand and dust are still sand and dust, and the fine dust washed down will accumulate on the ground surface under the photovoltaic panel, which is easy to cause "secondary dust", similar to being damaged by the same wave of dust "back and forth". Therefore, in addition to water, an aqueous solution of dust suppression photovoltaic panel cleaning agent should also be used to gather the dust washed down from the photovoltaic panel (the water dries up, but the network structure is still there), fix it on the surface, and suppress the local "secondary dust". With the increase in the scope and frequency of use, it is helpful to control local dust to a certain extent. In a sense, it is to gradually change the "passive" mode of waiting for dust to come and then cleaning into the "active" mode of controlling dust problems in the surrounding environment of photovoltaic plants, fundamentally solving the problem of local dust pollution sources, and has long-term benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of photovoltaic panel cleaning method DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Example 1:

[0023] By adjusting the connecting parts, the angle between the quadrilateral cleaning plate and the horizontal baseline of the photovoltaic panel is set to 45 degrees. The 10 injection ports arranged in sequence on the water pipe in the cleaning plate gradually decrease in size from top to bottom, and the proportions are: 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1); install the cleaning plate on the components of the photovoltaic panel, connect the water pipe filled with cleaning fluid, adjust the valve size, set the moving speed, adopt a parallel moving cleaning method, start cleaning from one end of the photovoltaic panel to the other end, and after cleaning, replace the next photovoltaic panel for cleaning.

[0024] Example 2:

[0025] By adjusting the connector, the angle between the quadrilateral cleaning plate and the horizontal baseline of the photovoltaic panel is set to 75 degrees. The eight jets arranged in sequence on the water pipe in the cleaning plate gradually decrease in size from top to bottom, with the ratio of 1.0, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.2, 0.1. The cleaning plate is installed on the components on both sides of the photovoltaic panel, and the water pipe is connected to the container with dust suppression type cleaning agent aqueous solution. The valve size is adjusted, the moving speed is set, and the parallel moving cleaning method is adopted. Clean from one end of the photovoltaic panel to the other end, or replace a photovoltaic panel for cleaning. The fine dust washed away can be agglomerated and fixed on the ground by the gel network structure of the dust suppression type cleaning liquid to avoid local "secondary dust".

[0026] Example 3:

[0027] The forward-leaning cleaning plate can also be installed on the telescopic arm of the ground unmanned vehicle and combined into one. The angle between the cleaning plate and the horizontal baseline of the photovoltaic panel is set to an acute angle, such as 65 degrees. The 10 injection nozzles arranged in sequence on the water pipe in the cleaning plate gradually decrease in size from top to bottom, and the proportions are: 1.0, 1.0, 0.8, 0.8, 0.6, 0.6, 0.4, 0.4, 0.2, 0.2; the telescopic arm-hanging cleaning plate is suspended at a certain distance above the photovoltaic panel, such as a height of 3 cm, and the water pipe is connected to the container of water or dust suppression cleaning agent aqueous solution provided by the ground unmanned vehicle, the valve size is adjusted, the moving speed of the unmanned vehicle is set, and the photovoltaic panel is cleaned from one end to the other according to the direction of the photovoltaic panel, and then the cleaning is changed by itself.

Claims

1. A method for cleaning dust on the surface of a photovoltaic panel, mainly including cleaning equipment and a cleaning method on the photovoltaic panel: the angle between the quadrilateral cleaning plate and the horizontal baseline of the photovoltaic panel is an acute angle, ranging from 30 degrees to 85 degrees. This quadrilateral cleaning plate with a forward-leaning appearance can be installed on the photovoltaic panel with a connector; the spraying method of the cleaning liquid is distributed + gradient water flow, and the water pipes in the cleaning plate are arranged in sequence with jets of different sizes, which gradually become smaller from top to bottom, and the ratio range is between 1.0 and 0.

1. The larger the ratio, the larger the water flow rate of the jets. Such a structure can realize a distributed water flow with a gradually decreasing flow rate from top to bottom; an adjustable valve is installed at the inlet of the water pipe in the cleaning plate, and the cleaning intensity can be controlled by changing the total flow rate of the water pipe. This cleaning method in which the cleaning plate moves parallel to the photovoltaic panel can improve the cleaning efficiency and save water. Water or cleaning agent can be used as the cleaning liquid according to actual needs; this cleaning plate can be loaded and unloaded or combined, and is suitable for on-site cleaning of large-area photovoltaic panels.

2. A method for cleaning dust on the surface of a photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that The quadrilateral cleaning board can be a rectangle or a parallelogram, with a length similar to the width of the photovoltaic panel and a width slightly smaller than the size of the connector. The forward-leaning quadrilateral cleaning board can be installed on the photovoltaic panel and move parallel to it. This forward-leaning cleaning board can be loaded and unloaded, and can also be combined with the telescopic arm of a ground unmanned vehicle to form a suspended cleaning mode.

3. A method for cleaning dust on the surface of a photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that The angle between the quadrilateral cleaning plate and the horizontal baseline of the photovoltaic panel is an acute angle, which can be a fixed angle; the angle can also be changed by adjusting the connecting parts, and the angle range is 30 degrees to 85 degrees.

4. A method for cleaning dust on the surface of a photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that The water pipes in the cleaning plate are arranged with jets of different sizes in sequence, which gradually become smaller from top to bottom, with a ratio ranging from 1.0 to 0.1, or reduced in proportion, and the number of the jets is adjustable.

5. A method for cleaning dust on the surface of a photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that A valve that can adjust the flow rate in the water pipe is installed at the inlet of the water pipe. The water flow speed of the jet port can be changed by controlling the size of the valve, and the cleaning intensity of the cleaning plate can be adjusted.

6. A method for cleaning dust on the surface of a photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that The cleaning liquid used may be water, an aqueous solution of a detergent, or an aqueous solution of a dust suppressing cleaning agent.

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