Ratchet wheel type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing tail end integrating wire feeding and wire shearing

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of continuous fiber composite 3D printing, and discloses a ratchet type wire feeding / shearing integrated continuous fiber composite 3D printing terminal which mainly comprises a wire feeding module, a wire shearing module and a heating module. In order to solve the problem that the improvement of the printing efficiency is affected due to the complex wire cutting procedure when a continuous fiber composite material complex sample piece is subjected to 3D printing at present, the ratchet wheel type wire feeding / cutting integrated device is innovatively invented, and the wire cutting procedure is reduced to two procedures from four procedures in the prior art. In addition, by designing the tooth number relation between the gears and the distance relation between the blade and the nozzle, the wire shearing quality is further improved. Power sources of wire shearing action and wire feeding action are fused together through a ratchet wheel type transmission structure, the wire shearing procedure is reduced, and the wire shearing efficiency during 3D printing of a complex sample piece is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of continuous fiber composite material 3D printing, and in particular to a ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated wire feeding and cutting. Background Art

[0002] Continuous fiber composite 3D printing technology has been applied in the fields of drones, automobiles, medical devices, etc. in recent years because of its strong designability and the advantages of not relying on workers' experience in manufacturing. The end of continuous fiber composite 3D printing is mainly composed of a wire feeding module, a wire cutting module and a heating module. The wire feeding module is used to actively feed the fiber filaments to reduce the lack of precision caused by fiber dragging during printing; the wire cutting module is used to cut the fiber filaments to achieve path jump when printing samples; the heating module is used to melt and extrude the fiber filaments. Therefore, for continuous fiber 3D printing, the three modules are indispensable. However, as the shapes of 3D printed samples become more and more complex, the path breakpoints in the printing process also increase successively, which directly leads to more wire cutting actions. The wire feeding and wire cutting actions of the existing 3D printing end are independent of each other, that is, each time a wire cutting action is performed, it is necessary to complete a total of 4 processes: stop the wire feeding module, start the wire cutting module, stop the wire cutting module, and start the wire feeding module. The wire cutting process is relatively complicated, which is not conducive to improving the printing efficiency, and it is very easy to have the problem of disordered sequence of processes. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a continuous fiber composite 3D printing terminal with simple process of feeding / cutting wires to improve printing efficiency.

[0003] In the existing continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal, the wire cutting module and the wire feeding module are mostly controlled by two stepper motors respectively. Therefore, each time the wire cutting action is performed, it is necessary to stop the wire feeding motor, start the wire cutting motor, stop the wire cutting motor, and start the wire feeding motor, a total of 4 processes. In view of the problem of complex wire cutting process, CN109016490A proposes an integrated structure of a continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printer nozzle device, and proposes to use a steering gear plus a four-bar mechanism to cut the wire. Considering that the steering gear will stop after rotating a certain angle, this method omits the process of stopping the wire cutting motor, and the wire cutting process is reduced from 4 processes to 3 processes. CN111186131B proposes a continuous fiber 3D printer nozzle with a self-contained cutting function and a method of using it. The four-bar mechanism connected to the steering gear is replaced by a camshaft mechanism. This method also has 3 processes, but by changing the connecting rod, the speed of executing the wire cutting action becomes faster, and the wire cutting speed is further improved. Although the above two methods have improved the wire cutting efficiency to a certain extent, there are still three processes, and the process of stopping the wire feeding module must be executed when cutting the wire. Once the process sequence is messed up, the fiber filaments cannot be cut, and the error probability is high. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with only two process logics of start and stop, which can significantly improve the wire cutting efficiency of the continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal while reducing the error probability of wire cutting, ensuring the stability of wire cutting, and improving the efficiency of 3D printing complex samples. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention designs an integrated transmission mechanism in which interlaced shaft helical gears are driven in parallel with spur gears, and changes the independent working mode of the wire feeding and wire cutting modules in the traditional printing terminal, which is controlled by two motors respectively, into an integrated working mode in which the wire feeding and wire cutting modules are controlled by one motor. In addition, two sets of ratchet mechanisms are introduced into the transmission mechanism, so that when the motor rotates forward, the wire cutting module works and the wire feeding module stops, and when the motor rotates reversely, the wire feeding module works and the wire cutting module stops, and the wire cutting process is changed from 4 processes to 2 processes, which significantly improves the wire cutting efficiency. On this basis, the number of teeth in the transmission structure is designed to achieve stable wire feeding while the terminal can cut wires efficiently.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated feeding / cutting, comprising a wire feeding module A, a wire cutting module B and a heating module C; the wire feeding module A mainly realizes the active feeding of continuous fiber filaments; the wire cutting module B is driven by a motor to rotate the blade to cut the fiber filaments; the power of the wire feeding module A and the wire cutting module B is provided by the same motor; the heating module C mainly realizes the heating and extrusion of the continuous fiber filaments;

[0006] The wire feeding module A includes a stepper motor A1, a base A2, a wire feeding fixed seat A3, a metal wheel fixed seat A4, a rubber wheel A5, a metal wheel A6, a rubber wheel shaft A7, a rubber wheel shaft bearing A8, a hexagon socket A9, a wire feeding spring A10, a first bevel gear A11, a first shell sleeve A12, a first ratchet shell A13, a first ratchet A14, a first ratchet turntable A15, a first pawl A16, a pawl spring A17, a first bearing A18, a first spur gear A19, a second spur gear A20 and a wire feeding tube A21; the base A2 is fixed on the stepper motor A1; the wire feeding fixed seat A3 is fixed on the base A2, the wire feeding fixed seat A3 is located above the metal wheel fixed seat A4, and the wire feeding tube A21 is connected to the wire feeding fixed seat A3; the metal wheel A6 is fixed to the shaft end of the metal wheel fixed seat A4 and is fixed by a retaining spring; the rubber wheel shaft A7 is fixed Fixed in the bottom hole of the base A2, the rubber wheel A5 is sleeved on the rubber wheel shaft A7, and the two sides are fixed with retaining springs; there is a distance between the metal wheel A6 and the rubber wheel A5; the rubber wheel shaft bearing A8 is installed between the base A2 and the rubber wheel shaft A7 to reduce the friction between the rubber wheel shaft A7 and the base A2; one end of the metal wheel fixing seat A4 is fixed to the rectangular block set on the base A2 through the hexagon socket A9, and the other end is in a free state, and the wire feeding spring A10 is sleeved on the hexagon socket A9 fixed between the rectangular block at the lower end of the base A2 and the metal wheel fixing seat A4; when the hexagon socket A9 rotates clockwise, the wire feeding spring A10 is compressed, and one end of the metal wheel fixing seat A4 rotates to drive the metal wheel A6 to rotate outward, and when the hexagon socket A9 rotates counterclockwise, the metal wheel fixing seat A4 will rotate to drive the metal wheel A6 to rotate inward, thereby adjusting the distance between the metal wheel A6 and the rubber wheel A5;

[0007] The first bevel gear A11 and the first housing sleeve A12 are fixed to the motor shaft of the stepper motor A1 by means of a top screw, the first ratchet housing A13 is fixed to the first housing sleeve A12, the first ratchet A14 is connected to the inside of the first ratchet housing A13 by means of a top screw to ensure simultaneous rotation, the first ratchet turntable A15 is inserted into the center hole of the first ratchet housing A13; the first bearing A18 is installed between the first ratchet turntable A15 and the first ratchet housing A13 to reduce the friction between the first ratchet turntable A15 and the first ratchet housing A13; the first pawl A16 is fixed between the rectangular groove of the first ratchet turntable A15 to drive the first ratchet turntable A15 15 rotates, and its end claw angle is embedded in the groove of the first ratchet A14; the pawl spring A17 is fixed on the first ratchet rotating disk A15, and one end is in contact with the first pawl A16, which ensures that when the first ratchet A14 rotates counterclockwise, the pawl spring A17 is in a non-compressed state, and the first pawl A16 is driven by the first ratchet A14 to rotate counterclockwise. When the first ratchet A14 rotates clockwise, the pawl spring A17 is compressed and the first pawl A16 remains stationary; the first spur gear A19 is sleeved on the shaft end of the first ratchet rotating disk A15, and the second spur gear A20 is sleeved on the rubber wheel shaft A7, and the first spur gear A19 and the second spur gear A20 are meshed with each other;

[0008] The wire cutting module B includes a limit ring B1, a wire cutting shaft B2, an upper bearing B3 on the wire cutting shaft, a lower bearing B4 on the wire cutting shaft, a second bevel gear B5, a second housing sleeve B6, a second ratchet housing B7, a second ratchet B8, a second ratchet turntable B9, a second pawl B10, a spring B11, a second bearing B12, a wire cutting sleeve rod B13, a wire cutting spring B14, a wire cutting stop rod B15, a wire cutting connecting rod B16, a wire cutting knife holder B17 and a wire cutting blade B18; both ends of the wire cutting shaft B2 are respectively fixed in the holes of the wire feeding fixing seat A3; the wire cutting shaft The inner side of the upper bearing B3 is connected to the wire cutting shaft B2, and the outer side is connected to the wire feeding fixed seat A3 to reduce friction; the inner side of the lower bearing B4 of the wire cutting shaft is connected to the second ratchet turntable B9, and the outer side is connected to the base A2; the second bevel gear B5 is sleeved on the wire cutting shaft B2, and meshes with the first bevel gear A11 to transmit torque; the second outer shell sleeve B6 is connected to the wire cutting shaft B2 through a top screw, and the second ratchet outer shell B7 is connected to the second outer shell sleeve B6; the second ratchet B8 is connected to the second ratchet outer shell B7 through a top screw to ensure simultaneous rotation; the second ratchet The turntable B9 is inserted into the center hole of the ratchet housing B7; the second bearing B12 is used to reduce the friction between the second ratchet turntable B9 and the ratchet housing B7; the second pawl B10 is fixed between the rectangular grooves of the second ratchet turntable B9 to drive the second ratchet turntable B9 to rotate, and its pawl corner is embedded in the groove of the second ratchet B8; the spring B11 is fixed on the second ratchet turntable B9, and one end of the spring B11 contacts the second pawl B10 to ensure that when the second ratchet B8 rotates counterclockwise, the spring B11 is in a non-compressed state, and the second pawl B10 is in the second ratchet Driven by the second ratchet wheel B8, it rotates counterclockwise. When the second ratchet wheel B8 rotates clockwise, the spring B11 is compressed and the second ratchet pawl B10 remains stationary. One end of the wire cutting sleeve rod B13 is connected to the second ratchet turntable B9 for rotational motion. The wire cutting connecting rod B16 is fixed to the wire cutting sleeve rod B13 through the top wire to maintain the same rotation. The wire cutting spring B14 is arranged in the wire cutting sleeve rod B13, and one end is connected to the wire cutting connecting rod B16. The wire cutting tool holder B17 is connected to the other end of the wire cutting sleeve rod B13, and the wire cutting blade B18 is fixed on the wire cutting tool holder B17.

[0009] The heating module C includes a radiator C1, a heating block C2, a throat C3, a heating rod C4, a thermocouple C5 and a nozzle C6; the throat C3 is connected to the base A2, the heating block C2 is connected to the lower part of the throat C3, the inner hole of the radiator C1 and the outer wall of the throat C3 are fitted; the heating rod C4 and the thermocouple C5 are inserted into the heating block C2, responsible for heating and temperature feedback, and the nozzle C6 is connected to the heating block C2 for extruding the wire.

[0010] The distance between the metal wheel A6 and the rubber wheel A5 in the wire feeding module A is adaptively adjusted according to the diameter of the fiber filament at different times, and the diameter d1 of the fiber filament at different times and the distance d2 between the metal wheel A6 and the rubber wheel A5 satisfy: 0.7d1≤d2≤0.9d1.

[0011] When the stepper motor A1 rotates counterclockwise, the first ratchet A14, the first bevel gear A11 and the first spur gear A19 rotate counterclockwise, and the second spur gear A20 rotates clockwise to drive the rubber wheel shaft A7 to rotate, the wire feeding module A works, the second ratchet B8 rotates clockwise, the shaft of the second ratchet turntable B9 does not move, and the wire cutting module B does not work; when the stepper motor A1 rotates clockwise, the first ratchet A14 rotates clockwise, and the pawl spring A17 is compressed. At this time, the first pawl A14 does not rotate, and the first ratchet turntable A15 does not move, so the second spur gear A20 does not rotate, the wire feeding module A does not work, and the shaft of the second ratchet turntable B9 rotates, driving the blade to cut the wire.

[0012] During the process of the blade rotating to shear the fiber filaments, in order to ensure that the fiber filaments do not slip at the moment of cutting, the distance l1 between the lower surface of the blade and the nozzle, the angle of the bevel α, and the diameter l2 of the shearing sleeve rod B13 must satisfy the following conditions: tanαl1≤l2≤tanα1+l1.

[0013] The first spur gear A19 has a number of teeth z1, and the second spur gear A20 has a number of teeth z2 that must satisfy: The number of teeth of the first helical gear A11 is z3, and the number of teeth of the second helical gear B5 is z4. The following conditions must be met:

[0014] The first pawl A16 in the wire feeding module A works during wire feeding, and does not work during wire cutting; during wire cutting, the first ratchet A14 rotates clockwise, the pawl spring A17 is compressed, and the first pawl A16 remains stationary; the second pawl B10 in the wire cutting module works during wire cutting, and does not work during wire feeding; during wire feeding, when the second ratchet B8 rotates clockwise, the spring B11 is compressed, and the second pawl B10 remains stationary; therefore, when the first ratchet A14 and the second ratchet B8 rotate clockwise, they both squeeze the inclined surfaces of the first pawl A16 and the second pawl B10, thereby compressing the pawl spring A17 and the spring B11 to ensure that the first pawl A16 and the second pawl B10 remain stationary. In order to ensure smooth switching between wire feeding and wire cutting, the inclined surface angle β of the first pawl A16 and the second pawl B10 must satisfy the following requirement: 15°<β<30°.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention: In view of the problem that the complicated wire cutting process affects the improvement of printing efficiency when 3D printing complex samples of continuous fiber composite materials, the present invention designs a ratchet-type integrated wire feeding / cutting device to reduce the wire cutting process from the traditional 4 steps to 2 steps. In addition, the quality of wire cutting is further improved by designing the relationship between the number of teeth between the gears and the distance between the blade and the nozzle. The present invention integrates the power sources of wire cutting and wire feeding through a ratchet transmission structure, which reduces the wire cutting process and greatly improves the wire cutting efficiency when 3D printing complex samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated feeding / cutting of the present invention, which is suitable for 3D printing of continuous fiber thermoplastic resin prepreg;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a wire feeding module, which is suitable for actively feeding continuous fiber thermoplastic resin prepreg;

[0018] FIG3( a ) is a schematic diagram of the ratchet transmission of the wire feeding module, illustrating the ratchet transmission structure;

[0019] FIG3( b ) is a BB cross-sectional view of FIG3( a );

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a wire cutting module, which is suitable for cutting continuous fiber thermoplastic resin prepreg wire;

[0021] FIG5( a ) is a schematic diagram of the ratchet transmission structure of the wire cutting module, illustrating the ratchet transmission structure of the wire cutting part;

[0022] FIG5( b ) is a BB cross-sectional view of FIG5( a );

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a heating module, which is suitable for melt extrusion of continuous fiber thermoplastic resin prepreg;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the distance of the nozzle portion of the end of the ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing integrated with wire feeding and cutting of the present invention, indicating the relationship between the distance l1 between the lower surface of the blade and the nozzle, the angle of the bevel α, and the diameter l2 of the wire cutting sleeve rod B13;

[0025] In the figure: A1-stepping motor, A2-base, A3-wire feeder fixed seat, A4-metal wheel fixed seat, A5-rubber wheel, A6-metal wheel, A7-rubber wheel shaft, A8-rubber wheel shaft bearing, A9-hexagon socket, A10-wire feeder spring, A11-first bevel gear, A12-first housing sleeve, A13-first ratchet housing, A14-first ratchet, A15-first ratchet turntable, A16-first pawl, A17-pawl spring, A18-first bearing, A19-first spur gear, A20-second spur gear, A21-wire feeder tube, B1-limit Ring, B2-wire cutting shaft, B3-wire cutting shaft upper bearing, B4-wire cutting shaft lower bearing, B5-second bevel gear, B6-second housing sleeve, B7-second ratchet housing, B8-second ratchet, B9-second ratchet turntable, B10-second pawl, B11-spring, B12-second bearing, B13-wire cutting sleeve rod, B14-wire cutting spring, B15-wire cutting stop rod, B16-wire cutting connecting rod, B17-wire cutting knife holder and wire cutting blade B18, C1-radiator, C2-heating block, C3-throat, C4-heating rod, C5-thermocouple, C6-nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0027] The present invention provides a ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal structure with integrated feeding / cutting function, such as Figure 1 As shown,

[0028] The ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated feeding / cutting includes a wire feeding module, a wire cutting module and a heating module; the wire feeding module mainly realizes the active feeding of continuous fiber prepreg; the wire cutting module is driven by a motor to rotate the blade to cut the fiber filaments, wherein the power of the wire feeding module and the wire cutting module are provided by the same motor; the heating module mainly realizes the heating and extrusion of the continuous fiber prepreg. After passing through the wire feeding module, the prepreg passes through the heating module and the wire cutting module in turn. The heating module melts the prepreg and extrude it from the nozzle C7, and the wire cutting module rotates under the nozzle to cut the fiber filaments.

[0029] The wire feeding module includes a stepper motor A1, a base A2, a wire feeding fixed seat A3, a metal wheel fixed seat A4, a rubber wheel A5, a metal wheel A6, a rubber wheel shaft A7, a rubber wheel shaft bearing A8, an inner hexagon A9, a wire feeding spring A10, a first bevel gear A11, a first shell sleeve A12, a first ratchet shell A13, a first ratchet A14, a ratchet turntable A15, a first pawl A16, a pawl spring A17, a first bearing A18, a first spur gear A19, a second spur gear A20 and a wire feeding The base A2 is fixed to the stepper motor A1 by screws, the wire feeding fixing seat A3 and the metal wheel fixing seat A4 are fixed to the base A2, the wire feeding tube A21 is connected to the wire feeding fixing seat A3 by threads, the metal wheel A6 is installed on the shaft end of the metal wheel fixing seat A4 and fixed by a retaining ring, the rubber wheel shaft A7 is fixed in the bottom hole of the base A2, the rubber wheel A5 is sleeved on the rubber wheel shaft A7, and the two sides are fixed by retaining rings, the rubber wheel shaft bearing A8 is inserted into the bottom hole of the base A2, and the inner side of the bearing and the rubber wheel are fixed. The wheel shaft A7 is fitted to reduce the friction between the rubber wheel shaft A7 and the base A2. The wire feeding spring A10 is installed on the hexagon socket A9. The hexagon socket is connected to the base A2 through a thread to adjust the distance between the metal wheel A6 and the rubber wheel A5. The first bevel gear A11 and the first shell sleeve A12 are fixed to the motor shaft through a top screw. The first ratchet shell A13 is fixed to the first shell sleeve A12 through a screw. The first ratchet A14 is connected to the first ratchet shell A13 through a top screw to ensure simultaneous rotation. The wheel disc A15 is inserted into the center hole of the first ratchet housing A13, the first bearing A18 is used to reduce the friction between the first ratchet disc A15 and the first ratchet housing A13, the first pawl A16 is fixed between the rectangular grooves of the ratchet disc A15, the pawl spring A17 is fixed on the first ratchet disc A15, the second spur gear A20 is sleeved on the rubber wheel shaft A7, the first spur gear A19 is sleeved on the shaft end of the first ratchet disc A15, and the first spur gear A19 and the second spur gear A20 are meshed with each other.

[0030] The wire cutting module includes a limit ring B1, a wire cutting shaft B2, an upper bearing B3 on the wire cutting shaft, a lower bearing B4 on the wire cutting shaft, a second bevel gear B5, a second outer shell sleeve B6, a second ratchet outer shell B7, a second ratchet B8, a second ratchet turntable B9, a second pawl B10, a spring B11, a second bearing B12, a wire cutting sleeve rod B13, a wire cutting spring B14, a wire cutting stop rod B15, a wire cutting connecting rod B16, a wire cutting knife holder B17 and a wire cutting blade B18; the wire cutting shaft B2 is fixed in the hole of the wire feeding fixed seat A3, the inner side of the upper bearing B3 of the wire cutting shaft is connected to the wire cutting shaft B2, and the outer side is connected to the wire feeding fixed seat A3 to reduce friction, the inner side of the lower bearing B4 of the wire cutting shaft is connected to the second ratchet turntable B9, and the outer side is connected to the base A2, the second bevel gear B5 is connected to the wire cutting shaft B2, and meshes with the first bevel gear A11 to transmit torque, and the second outer shell sleeve B6 is connected to the wire cutting shaft B2 through a top wire. The second ratchet housing B7 is connected to the second housing sleeve B6 by screws, the second ratchet B8 is connected to the second ratchet housing B7 by a top screw to ensure simultaneous rotation, the second ratchet turntable B9 is inserted into the center hole of the second ratchet housing B7, the second bearing B12 is used to reduce the friction between the second ratchet turntable B9 and the second ratchet housing B7, the second pawl B10 is fixed between the rectangular grooves of the second ratchet turntable B9, the pawl spring B14 is fixed on the second ratchet turntable B9, the wire cutting sleeve rod B13 is connected to the second ratchet turntable B9 and can rotate, the wire cutting spring B14 is sleeved between the wire cutting connecting rod B16 and the wire cutting sleeve rod B13, the wire cutting connecting rod B16 is fixed to the wire cutting sleeve rod B13 by a top screw to maintain the same rotation, the wire cutting tool holder B17 is connected to the wire cutting sleeve rod B13 by a thread to drive the wire cutting blade B18 to rotate, and the wire cutting blade B18 is fixed to the wire cutting tool holder B17 by screws;

[0031] The heating module includes a radiator C1, a heating block C2, a throat C3, a heating rod C4, a thermocouple C5 and a nozzle C6; the throat C3 is connected to the base A2 through a thread, the heating block C2 is connected to the lower part of the throat C3 through a thread, the inner hole of the radiator C1 fits the outer wall of the throat C3, the heating rod C4 and the thermocouple C5 are inserted into the heating block C2, and are responsible for heating and temperature feedback, and the nozzle C6 is connected to the heating block through a thread to extrude the wire.

[0032] The continuous fiber prepreg passes through the wire feeding tube A21 and the throat C3. The fiber is exposed between the wire feeding tube and the throat and is close to the rubber wheel. The motor is started to reverse. The friction between the rubber wheel and the metal wheel causes the fiber to feed downward. The distance between the metal wheel and the rubber wheel can be adjusted according to the diameter of the fiber at different times. The fiber is fed to the throat C3 through the wire feeding module and extruded from the nozzle C6 in a heated and molten state. The motor is started to rotate forward, the wire cutting module works, and the wire feeding module stops. At this time, the wire cutting sleeve B13 returns to the inclined plane of the climbing base and rotates the blade to the bottom of the nozzle, and rotates to cut the fiber. After the wire cutting is completed, the wire cutting spring B14 will apply an extrusion force to force the wire cutting sleeve B13 to drive the blade back to the original height to ensure that during the printing process, the blade plane will not interfere with the printed sample.

[0033] The distance between the metal wheel and the rubber wheel in the wire feeding module can be adaptively adjusted according to the prepreg diameter at different times. The prepreg diameter d1 and the distance d2 between the metal wheel and the rubber wheel at different times must satisfy: 0.7d1≤d2≤0.9d1.

[0034] When the motor rotates counterclockwise, the second spur gear A20 rotates clockwise to drive the rubber wheel shaft A7 to rotate, and the wire feeding module works. At this time, the shaft of the second ratchet turntable B9 does not move, and the wire cutting module does not work. When the motor rotates clockwise, the second spur gear A20 does not rotate, and the wire feeding module does not work. At this time, the shaft of the second ratchet turntable B9 rotates, driving the blade to cut the wire.

[0035] During the process of the blade rotating to shear the fiber filaments, in order to ensure that the fiber filaments do not slip at the moment of cutting, the distance l1 between the lower surface of the blade and the nozzle, the angle of the bevel α, and the diameter l2 of the shearing sleeve rod B13 must satisfy the following conditions: tanαl1≤l2≤tanα(1+l1).

[0036] The stepper motor is a small torque motor to reduce the size. The wire feeding module requires low speed and high friction, and the wire cutting module requires high speed and low shearing force. To ensure stable wire feeding, the number of teeth of the first spur gear A19 is z1, and the number of teeth of the second spur gear A20 is z2. To ensure efficient wire cutting, the number of teeth of the first bevel gear A11 (z3) and the number of teeth of the second bevel gear B5 (z4) must meet the following conditions:

[0037] The first pawl A16 in the wire feeding module works when feeding wires, but does not work when cutting wires; the second pawl B10 works when cutting wires, but does not work when feeding wires. During non-working hours, the ratchet squeezes the pawl slope, and the pawl compresses the spring to ensure that the ratchet rotates while the pawl itself does not rotate. To ensure smooth switching between wire feeding and wire cutting, the angle β of the pawl slope must meet the following requirements: 15°<β<30°

[0038] The ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal structure with integrated wire feeding and cutting of the present invention utilizes the forward and reverse rotation of a motor to complete the two actions of wire feeding and wire cutting, reducing the four steps of wire cutting at the traditional printing end to two steps, thereby reducing the probability of wire cutting errors, significantly improving the efficiency of wire cutting, and further improving the work efficiency of continuous fiber composite material 3D printing of complex samples.

Claims

1. A ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated feeding and cutting, characterized in that: The ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated feeding / cutting includes a wire feeding module (A), a wire cutting module (B) and a heating module (C); the wire feeding module (A) mainly realizes the active feeding of continuous fiber filaments; the wire cutting module (B) is driven by a motor to rotate the blade to cut the fiber filaments; the power of the wire feeding module (A) and the wire cutting module (B) is provided by the same motor; the heating module (C) mainly realizes the heating and extrusion of the continuous fiber filaments; The wire feeding module (A) includes a stepper motor (A1), a base (A2), a wire feeding fixed seat (A3), a metal wheel fixed seat (A4), a rubber wheel (A5), a metal wheel (A6), a rubber wheel shaft (A7), a rubber wheel shaft bearing (A8), an inner hexagon (A9), a wire feeding spring (A10), a first bevel gear (A11), a first housing sleeve (A12), a first ratchet housing (A13), a first ratchet (A14), a first ratchet turntable (A15), a first pawl (A16), a pawl spring The invention relates to a stepper motor (A1) and a wire feeding tube (A21). The stepper motor (A1) is provided with a first spring (A17), a first bearing (A18), a first spur gear (A19), a second spur gear (A20) and a wire feeding tube (A21). The base (A2) is fixed on the stepper motor (A1). The wire feeding fixed seat (A3) is located above the metal wheel fixed seat (A4). The wire feeding tube (A21) is connected to the wire feeding fixed seat (A3). The metal wheel (A6) is fixed on the shaft end of the metal wheel fixed seat (A4) and is fixed by a retaining spring. The rubber wheel shaft (A7) is fixed in the bottom hole of the base (A2). The rubber wheel (A5) is sleeved on the rubber wheel shaft (A7) and fixed on both sides by means of retaining springs; a distance is formed between the metal wheel (A6) and the rubber wheel (A5); a rubber wheel shaft bearing (A8) is installed between the base (A2) and the rubber wheel shaft (A7) to reduce the friction between the rubber wheel shaft (A7) and the base (A2); one end of the metal wheel fixing seat (A4) is fixed on a rectangular block provided on the base (A2) through an inner hexagon (A9), and the other end is in a free state; a wire feeding spring (A10) is sleeved and fixed under the base (A2) The inner hexagon (A9) is between the end rectangular block and the metal wheel fixing seat (A4); the two ends of the metal wheel fixing seat (A4) rotate around the fixed fulcrum; when the inner hexagon (A9) rotates clockwise, the wire feeding spring (A10) is compressed, and one end of the metal wheel fixing seat (A4) rotates to drive the metal wheel (A6) to rotate outward; when the inner hexagon (A9) rotates counterclockwise, the metal wheel fixing seat (A4) rotates to drive the metal wheel (A6) to rotate inward, thereby adjusting the distance between the metal wheel (A6) and the rubber wheel (A5); The first bevel gear (A11) and the first housing sleeve (A12) are fixed to the motor shaft of the stepper motor (A1) through a top screw, the first ratchet housing (A13) is fixed to the first housing sleeve (A12), the first ratchet (A14) is connected to the inside of the first ratchet housing (A13) through a top screw to ensure simultaneous rotation, and the first ratchet rotating disc (A15) is inserted into the center hole of the first ratchet housing (A13); the first bearing (A18) is installed between the first ratchet rotating disc (A15) and the first ratchet housing (A13) to reduce the friction between the first ratchet rotating disc (A15) and the first ratchet housing (A13); the first pawl (A16) is fixed between the rectangular groove of the first ratchet rotating disc (A15) to drive the first ratchet rotating disc (A15) to rotate. 5) rotates, and the end claw angle of the first ratchet (A14) is embedded in the groove of the first ratchet (A14); the pawl spring (A17) is fixed on the first ratchet rotating disk (A15), and one end is in contact with the first pawl (A16), which ensures that when the first ratchet (A14) rotates counterclockwise, the pawl spring (A17) is in a non-compressed state, and the first pawl (A16) is driven by the first ratchet (A14) to rotate counterclockwise. When the first ratchet (A14) rotates clockwise, the pawl spring (A17) is compressed and the first pawl (A16) remains stationary; the first spur gear (A19) is sleeved on the shaft end of the first ratchet rotating disk (A15), and the second spur gear (A20) is sleeved on the rubber wheel shaft (A7), and the first spur gear (A19) and the second spur gear (A20) are meshed with each other; The wire cutting module (B) comprises a limit ring (B1), a wire cutting shaft (B2), an upper bearing of the wire cutting shaft (B3), a lower bearing of the wire cutting shaft (B4), a second bevel gear (B5), a second housing sleeve (B6), a second ratchet housing (B7), a second ratchet (B8), a second ratchet rotating disk (B9), a second pawl (B10), a spring (B11), a second bearing (B12), a wire cutting sleeve rod (B13), a wire cutting spring (B14), a wire cutting stop rod (B15), a wire cutting connecting rod (B16), a wire cutting knife holder (B17) and a wire cutting blade (B18); the two ends of the wire cutting shaft (B2) are respectively fixed in the holes of the wire feeding fixed seat (A3); the inner side of the upper bearing (B3) of the wire cutting shaft is connected to the wire cutting shaft (B2), and the outer side is connected to the wire feeding fixed seat (A3) to reduce friction; The inner side of the lower bearing (B4) of the wire cutting shaft is connected to the second ratchet rotating disc (B9), and the outer side is connected to the base (A2); the second bevel gear (B5) is sleeved on the wire cutting shaft (B2) and meshes with the first bevel gear (A11) to transmit torque; the second shell sleeve (B6) is connected to the wire cutting shaft (B2) through a top screw, and the second ratchet shell (B7) is connected to the second shell sleeve (B6); the second ratchet (B8) is connected to the second ratchet shell (B7) through a top screw to ensure simultaneous rotation; the second ratchet rotating disc (B9) is inserted into the center hole of the ratchet shell (B7); the second bearing (B12) is used to reduce the friction between the second ratchet rotating disc (B9) and the ratchet shell (B7); the second ratchet pawl (B10) is fixed between the rectangular grooves of the second ratchet rotating disc (B9) to drive the second ratchet rotating disc (B9) to rotate, and its pawl corner is embedded in the groove of the second ratchet (B8); the spring (B11) is fixed on the second ratchet turntable (B9), and one end of it contacts the second pawl (B10), ensuring that when the second ratchet (B8) rotates counterclockwise, the spring (B11) is in a non-compressed state, and the second pawl (B10) rotates counterclockwise driven by the second ratchet (B8). When the second ratchet (B8) rotates clockwise, the spring (B11) is compressed and the second pawl (B10) remains stationary; one end of the wire cutting sleeve rod (B13) is connected to the second ratchet turntable (B9) for rotational movement, and the wire cutting connecting rod (B16) is fixed to the wire cutting sleeve rod (B13) through the top wire to maintain the same rotation, and the wire cutting spring (B14) is arranged in the wire cutting sleeve rod (B13), and one end is connected to the wire cutting connecting rod (B16); the wire cutting knife holder (B17) is connected to the other end of the wire cutting sleeve rod (B13), and the wire cutting blade (B18) is fixed on the wire cutting knife holder (B17).

2. The ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated feeding and cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating module (C) comprises a radiator (C1), a heating block (C2), a throat (C3), a heating rod (C4), a thermocouple (C5) and a nozzle (C6); the throat (C3) is connected to the base (A2), the heating block (C2) is connected to the lower part of the throat (C3), the inner hole of the radiator (C1) and the outer wall of the throat (C3) are in contact; the heating rod (C4) and the thermocouple (C5) are inserted into the heating block (C2) and are responsible for heating and temperature feedback; the nozzle (C6) is connected to the heating block (C2) and is used to extrude the filament.

3. The ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated feeding and cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the metal wheel (A6) and the rubber wheel (A5) in the wire feeding module (A) is adaptively adjusted according to the diameter of the fiber filament at different times, and the diameter d1 of the fiber filament at different times and the distance d2 between the metal wheel (A6) and the rubber wheel (A5) satisfy the following relationship: 0.7d1≤d2≤0.9d1.

4. The ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated feeding and cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the stepper motor (A1) rotates counterclockwise, the first ratchet (A14), the first bevel gear (A11) and the first spur gear (A19) rotate counterclockwise, the second spur gear (A20) rotates clockwise to drive the rubber wheel shaft (A7) to rotate, the wire feeding module (A) works, the second ratchet (B8) rotates clockwise, the shaft of the second ratchet turntable (B9) does not move, and the wire cutting module (B) does not work; when the stepper motor (A1) rotates clockwise, the first ratchet (A14) rotates clockwise, the pawl spring (A17) is compressed, at this time, the first pawl (A14) does not rotate, the first ratchet turntable (A15) does not move, so the second spur gear (A20) does not rotate, the wire feeding module (A) does not work, the shaft of the second ratchet turntable (B9) rotates, and drives the blade to achieve wire cutting.

5. The ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated feeding and cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the process of rotating the blade to shear the fiber filaments, in order to ensure that the fiber filaments do not slip at the moment of cutting, the distance l1 between the lower surface of the blade and the nozzle, the angle of the bevel α, and the diameter l2 of the shearing sleeve rod (B13) must satisfy the following conditions: tanαl1≤l2≤tanα(1+l1).

6. The ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated feeding and cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of teeth of the first spur gear (A19) z1 and the number of teeth of the second spur gear (A20) z2 must satisfy: The number of teeth of the first helical gear (A11) z3 and the number of teeth of the second helical gear (B5) z4 must satisfy:

7. The ratchet-type continuous fiber composite material 3D printing terminal with integrated feeding and cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pawl (A16) in the wire feeding module (A) works when feeding wires, but does not work when cutting wires; when cutting wires, the first ratchet wheel (A14) rotates clockwise, the pawl spring (A17) is compressed, and the first pawl (A16) remains stationary; the second pawl (B10) in the wire cutting module works when cutting wires, but does not work when feeding wires; when feeding wires, the second ratchet wheel (B8) rotates clockwise, the spring (B11) is compressed, and the second pawl (B10) remains stationary; When the first ratchet (A14) and the second ratchet (B8) rotate clockwise, they squeeze the inclined surfaces of the first pawl (A16) and the second pawl (B10), thereby compressing the pawl spring (A17) and the spring (B11) to ensure that the first pawl (A16) and the second pawl (B10) remain stationary. In order to ensure smooth switching between wire feeding and wire cutting, the inclined surface angle β of the first pawl (A16) and the second pawl (B10) must satisfy the following requirement: 15°<β<30°.

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