Inward-retracting type mooring system capable of achieving autonomous laying and retracting and mooring method

Abstract

The invention relates to an autonomously deployed and recovered adduction type mooring system, which comprises a platform body, the platform body is provided with an outer throwing type anchor group, an inner throwing type anchor group and a stern positioning assembly, the outer throwing type anchor group is located at the bow part of the platform body and comprises an outer throwing type anchor and mooring machine and an anchor chain arranged on the platform body, the anchor chain is led out from the outer throwing type anchor and mooring machine, and the stern positioning assembly is connected with the outer throwing type anchor and mooring machine. The end part of the anchor chain is connected with a holding power anchor, the inner throwing type anchor group is positioned on the broadside of the platform body and comprises an inner throwing type anchor and mooring machine arranged on the platform body, the anchor chain is led out from the inner throwing type anchor and mooring machine, the end part of the anchor chain is connected with a holding power anchor, and the throwing direction of the holding power anchor of the outer throwing type anchor group is opposite to that of the holding power anchor of the inner throwing type anchor group; the stern positioning assembly comprises a winch located on the stern of the platform body, an anchor frame and a holding power anchor used for limiting the inner throwing type anchor set. Compared with a traditional multi-point distributed mooring system, the occupied sea area is greatly reduced through the inward-retracting type mooring scheme, ship berthing is facilitated, and the influence on various offshore activities around the platform is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mooring technology, in particular to an autonomously deployed and recovered inward-retracting mooring system and a mooring method. Background Art

[0002] Floating platforms near the coast and islands and reefs can be used as comprehensive support bases for marine development, fishery production, environmental tourism, etc. Such platforms need to be positioned at the operating site for a long time through a mooring system.

[0003] Under operating conditions, the platform movement is required to have low-amplitude characteristics to meet the requirements of safety, comfort and reliability; under severe sea conditions, the ocean wind, waves and current environment are complex, and the platform's motion response and mooring cable tension should be within a reasonable range and have good typhoon resistance.

[0004] However, floating platforms cannot be as maneuverable as ships and cannot avoid severe sea conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings in the above-mentioned existing production technologies, the applicant provides a rationally structured inward-looking mooring system and mooring method for autonomous deployment and recovery, which is suitable for large-scale floating platforms and can autonomously recover and deploy anchoring foundations according to different sea conditions, thereby completing the switching of mooring forms and meeting the safety, reliability and typhoon resistance requirements of the platform.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An autonomously deployed and recovered inward-retracting mooring system comprises a platform body, on which an externally disposed anchor group, an internally disposed anchor group and a stern positioning assembly are arranged.

[0008] The externally thrown anchor group is located at the bow of the platform body and includes:

[0009] The externally thrown anchor winch is installed on the platform body.

[0010] The anchor chain is drawn from the outboard anchor winch, and the end of the anchor chain is connected to a gripping anchor.

[0011] The inner throwing anchor group is located on the side of the platform body and includes:

[0012] Internally thrown anchor winch, installed on the platform body,

[0013] The anchor chain is led out from the inner-throwing anchor winch, and the end of the anchor chain is connected to a gripping anchor.

[0014] The gripping anchors of the externally thrown anchor group are thrown in the opposite direction to the gripping anchors of the internally thrown anchor group;

[0015] The stern positioning assembly comprises:

[0016] The winch is located at the stern of the platform.

[0017] Anchor rack, used for grabbing anchor of limited internal throwing anchor group.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0019] Mooring lines include:

[0020] The first connection section is connected to the winch using a high molecular polyethylene cable.

[0021] The second connecting section, made of polyester cable, is connected to the first connecting section.

[0022] The third connecting section adopts a metal anchor chain and is connected to the second connecting section; the third connecting section is located at the bottoming separation point;

[0023] The fourth connecting section is connected to the third connecting section, has a mass greater than that of the third connecting section, and falls on the bottom surface of the water.

[0024] The anchor foundation placement point of the inner-throwing anchor group is located in the sea area below the platform body, and the projection of the platform body on the horizontal plane can cover the anchor foundation placement point of the inner-throwing anchor group.

[0025] When the external anchor group and the internal anchor group are used at the same time, it is in a three-point mooring state.

[0026] When the inner-throwing anchor group is retracted, it is in a single-point mooring state.

[0027] A mooring method using an autonomously deployed and recovered retractable mooring system, the mooring process comprising the following steps:

[0028] In the initial state, the winch at the stern lowers the gripping anchor, and the anchor winch on the side of the middle part of the platform body releases the anchor chain synchronously. After the gripping anchor is completely released to the seabed, the anchor winch is tightened. At this time, the anchor foundation deployment point on the side is located on the seabed below the platform body.

[0029] A mooring method using an autonomously deployed and recovered retractable mooring system, with two modes of three-point mooring and single-point mooring that can be converted to each other.

[0030] Three-point mooring is suitable for operating conditions, and the mooring process is as follows:

[0031] The winch operates to release the gripping anchor of the inner-throwing anchor group, and the anchor winch of the inner-throwing anchor group releases the mooring line at the same time until the gripping anchor is completely released to the seabed;

[0032] Single point mooring is suitable for severe sea conditions. The mooring process is as follows:

[0033] The released inner-throwing anchor group is anchored. When anchoring, the anchor winch of the inner-throwing anchor group loosens the mooring cable, and then the winch is started to pull the grab anchor upward out of the ground until the grab anchor contacts the anchor frame. Then the anchor winch of the inner-throwing anchor group tightens the mooring cable to prevent the mooring cable from overhanging below the platform body. At this time, only the outer-throwing anchor group at the bow of the platform body is left in the moored state.

[0034] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0035] This single-point mooring solution allows the platform to rotate as the direction of environmental loads changes.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] (1) The mooring system provided by the present invention is relatively simple in form, with a small number of mooring cables and anchoring foundations, and is highly economical.

[0038] (2) Compared with the traditional multi-point distributed mooring system, the inward-type mooring scheme occupies a much smaller sea area, making it easier for ships to berth and having less impact on various marine activities around the platform.

[0039] (3) The inward-retracting mooring system has a mooring point on the seabed below the platform, which can be completed by the platform's own equipment without the assistance of external operating vessels. It can achieve autonomous recovery and deployment, and has good safety and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a three-point mooring state stereogram of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a side view of the three-point mooring state of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the port and starboard side inward-retracted mooring, which is used to assist in achieving three-point mooring.

[0043] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the inward-retracting mooring anchor retracting state.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a state where a single point mooring is formed after the anchor is collected in the present invention.

[0045] Among them: 1. Anchor winch; 2. Guide chain wheel; 3. Anchor chain; 4. Grab anchor; 5. Floating platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The specific implementation of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the autonomous deployment and recovery inward-retracting mooring system of this embodiment includes a platform body, on which an externally disposed anchor group, an internally disposed anchor group and a stern positioning assembly are provided.

[0048] The external anchor group is located at the bow of the platform body and includes:

[0049] The externally thrown anchor winch 1 is installed on the platform body.

[0050] The anchor chain 3 is led out from the external anchor winch 1, and the end of the anchor chain 3 is connected to a gripping anchor 4.

[0051] The internal anchor group is located on the side of the platform body and includes:

[0052] The internal anchor winch 1 is installed on the platform body.

[0053] The anchor chain 3 is led out from the inner-throwing anchor winch 1, and the end of the anchor chain 3 is connected to a gripping anchor 4.

[0054] The gripping anchor 4 of the externally thrown anchor group is thrown in the opposite direction to the gripping anchor 4 of the internally thrown anchor group;

[0055] The stern positioning kit includes:

[0056] The winch is located at the stern of the platform.

[0057] Anchor frame, used for the gripping anchor 4 of the limited internal throwing anchor group.

[0058] Mooring lines include:

[0059] The first connection section is connected to the winch using a high molecular polyethylene cable.

[0060] The second connecting section, made of polyester cable, is connected to the first connecting section.

[0061] The third connecting section adopts a metal anchor chain 3 and is connected to the second connecting section; the third connecting section is located at the bottoming separation point;

[0062] The fourth connecting section is connected to the third connecting section, has a mass greater than that of the third connecting section, and falls on the bottom surface of the water.

[0063] The anchor foundation placement point of the inner-throwing anchor group is located in the sea area below the platform body, and the projection of the platform body on the horizontal plane can cover the anchor foundation placement point of the inner-throwing anchor group.

[0064] When the external anchor group and the internal anchor group are used at the same time, it is in a three-point mooring state.

[0065] When the inner-throwing anchor group is retracted, it is in a single-point mooring state.

[0066] The mooring method of the present embodiment using the autonomous deployment and recovery inward-retracting mooring system comprises the following steps:

[0067] In the initial state, the winch at the stern lowers the gripping anchor 4, and at the same time, the anchor winch 1 on the side of the middle part of the platform body releases the anchor chain 3 synchronously. After the gripping anchor 4 is completely released to the seabed, the anchor winch 1 is tightened; at this time, the anchor foundation deployment point on the side is located on the seabed below the platform body;

[0068] The mooring method of the present embodiment using the self-deployed and recovered retractable mooring system has two modes: three-point mooring and single-point mooring, which can be converted to each other.

[0069] Three-point mooring is suitable for operating conditions, and the mooring process is as follows:

[0070] The winch is operated to release the gripping anchor 4 of the inner throwing anchor group, and at the same time, the anchor winch 1 of the inner throwing anchor group releases the mooring line at the same time, until the gripping anchor 4 is completely released to the seabed;

[0071] Single point mooring is suitable for severe sea conditions. The mooring process is as follows:

[0072] The released inner-throwing anchor group is anchored; when anchoring, the anchor winch 1 of the inner-throwing anchor group loosens the mooring cable, and then the winch is started to pull the gripping anchor 4 upward out of the ground until the gripping anchor 4 contacts the anchor frame; then the anchor winch 1 of the inner-throwing anchor group tightens the mooring cable to prevent the mooring cable from excessively hanging below the platform body; at this time, only the outer-throwing anchor group at the bow of the platform body is left in the moored state.

[0073] This single-point mooring solution allows the platform to rotate as the direction of environmental loads changes.

[0074] The specific structure and working process of the present invention are as follows:

[0075] The mooring system of the present invention is a port and starboard side inward-retracting type mooring system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the floating platform 5 is in a cam shape tending to a circle, and anchor winches 1 are installed at the tip and circumferential positions of the floating platform 5, and an anchor chain 3 is led out at the tip of the floating platform 5, and a gripping anchor 4 is connected to the end of the anchor chain 3, which serves as a fixed gripping anchor 4 that always plays a mooring role.

[0076] On the left and right sides of the middle of the floating platform 5, an anchor chain 3 is laid out for anchoring near the stern of the platform. Figure 1 As shown, anchoring points are arranged on both sides of the floating platform 5, each anchoring point is composed of a winch and a corresponding gripping anchor 4, the winch is used to release and lift the gripping anchor 4, the gripping anchor 4 is also connected with an anchor chain 3, the anchor chain 3 is pulled to the middle side of the platform, and is wound up by the anchor winch 1 on the middle side of the platform. When anchoring is required, the winch at the stern of the platform lowers the gripping anchor 4, and at the same time, the anchor winch 1 synchronously releases the anchor chain 3, forming a structure as shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown in the figure: the anchor chain 3 at the stern tends to be in a vertically taut state, and the anchor chain 3 connected to the middle tends to be in a naturally hanging arc shape. After the gripping anchor 4 is completely released to the seabed, the anchor winch 1 tightens the limit. At this time, the anchor foundation deployment points on the port and starboard sides are just on the seabed below the platform, without occupying other sea areas, and without affecting the navigation, berthing and operation of large ships such as cruise ships around.

[0077] The advantage of this operation is that the reeling position of the gripping anchor 4 is at the edge of the platform. In the conventional anchoring method, under the influence of the water flow, the gripping anchor 4 and the floating platform 5 form a dragging relationship, and the gripping anchor 4 is usually obliquely below the floating platform 5. The present invention adds a left and right anchor chain 3 that pulls the anchor chain 3 at the edge to the center of the floating platform 5. The stern anchor chain 3 and the left and right anchor chains 3 restrain each other, which prevents the gripping anchor 4 from being thrown too far on the one hand, and uses multi-point anchoring, which is conducive to uniform force application on the floating platform 5 and reliable positioning of the floating platform 5.

[0078] At the same time, combined with reference Figure 2 An outward-throwing anchor chain 3 is deployed outward from the bow, which is combined with the inward-retracting mooring method on the port and starboard sides to form a three-point mooring, which better constrains the displacement of the platform, is suitable for operating conditions, and can better realize the main function of the tourism platform - providing tourists with a stable environment and facilities for marine tourism and leisure activities.

[0079] When encountering severe sea conditions such as typhoons, it is necessary to switch from the three-point mooring mode to the single-point mooring mode. Figure 3 , Figure 4 At this time, the anchor chains 3 on the port and starboard sides of the middle part of the platform are reeled in. When reeling in the anchor, the anchor winch 1 first loosens the anchor chain 3, then starts the winch at the tail of the platform to pull the grip anchor 4 upward out of the ground, and pulls it until it is in close contact with the anchor frame, and then the anchor winch 1 is used to appropriately tighten the anchor chain 3 to prevent it from overhanging below the lower buoy. At this point, the anchors on the port and starboard sides of the platform are reeled in, and only the anchor chain 3 is left. Figure 5 The single-point mooring at the bow of the platform is shown. This single-point mooring solution allows the platform to rotate as the direction of the environmental load changes. This "weather vane effect" can reduce the environmental load on the platform, thereby reducing the platform's motion response, structural loads, and mooring system tension.

[0080] This autonomous anchor-collecting method is completely completed by the platform's own equipment, without the need for external engineering vessels to assist in the operation, and has good safety and economy.

[0081] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any form of modification may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An autonomous deployment and recovery inward-retracting mooring system, comprising a platform body, characterized in that: The platform body is provided with an external anchor group, an internal anchor group and a stern positioning assembly. The externally thrown anchor group is located at the bow of the platform body and includes: The externally thrown anchor winch (1) is installed on the platform body. The anchor chain (3) is led out from the external anchor winch (1), and the end of the anchor chain (3) is connected to a gripping anchor (4). The inner throwing anchor group is located on the side of the platform body and includes: The internal anchor winch (1) is installed on the platform body. The anchor chain (3) is led out from the inner-throwing anchor winch (1), and the end of the anchor chain (3) is connected to a gripping anchor (4). The gripping anchors (4) of the externally thrown anchor group are thrown in opposite directions to the gripping anchors (4) of the internally thrown anchor group; The stern positioning assembly comprises: The winch is located at the stern of the platform. Anchor frame, used for the gripping anchor (4) of the limited internal throwing anchor group.

2. The autonomous deployment and recovery inward-retracting mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mooring lines include: The first connection section is connected to the winch using a high molecular polyethylene cable. The second connecting section, made of polyester cable, is connected to the first connecting section. The third connecting section adopts a metal anchor chain (3) and is connected to the second connecting section; the third connecting section is located at the bottoming separation point; The fourth connecting section is connected to the third connecting section, has a mass greater than that of the third connecting section, and falls on the bottom surface of the water.

3. The autonomous deployment and recovery inward-retracting mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor foundation placement point of the inner-throwing anchor group is located in the sea area below the platform body, and the projection of the platform body on the horizontal plane can cover the anchor foundation placement point of the inner-throwing anchor group.

4. The autonomous deployment and recovery inward-retracting mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the external anchor group and the internal anchor group are used at the same time, it is in a three-point mooring state.

5. The autonomous deployment and recovery inward-retracting mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the inner-throwing anchor group is retracted, it is in a single-point mooring state.

6. A mooring method using the autonomous deployment and recovery inward-retracting mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mooring process includes the following steps: In the initial state, the winch at the stern lowers the gripping anchor (4), and at the same time, the anchor winch (1) on the side of the middle part of the platform body releases the anchor chain (3) synchronously. After the gripping anchor (4) is completely released to the seabed, the anchor winch (1) is tightened; at this time, the anchor foundation deployment point on the side is located on the seabed below the platform body.

7. A mooring method using the autonomous deployment and recovery inward-retracting mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It has two modes: three-point mooring and single-point mooring, which can be converted to each other. Three-point mooring is suitable for operating conditions, and the mooring process is as follows: The winch is operated to release the gripping anchor (4) of the inner-throwing anchor group, and at the same time, the anchor winch (1) of the inner-throwing anchor group releases the mooring line until the gripping anchor (4) is completely released to the seabed; Single point mooring is suitable for severe sea conditions. The mooring process is as follows: The released inner-throwing anchor group is anchored; when anchoring, the anchor winch (1) of the inner-throwing anchor group loosens the mooring cable, and then the winch is started to pull the gripping anchor (4) upward out of the ground until the gripping anchor (4) contacts the anchor frame; then the anchor winch (1) of the inner-throwing anchor group tightens the mooring cable to prevent the mooring cable from excessively hanging below the platform body; at this time, only the outer-throwing anchor group at the bow of the platform body is left in a moored state. This single-point mooring solution allows the platform to rotate as the direction of environmental loads changes.

Images