Method for ensuring safe hooking of lifting appliance of elevator

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for ensuring safe hooking of a lifting appliance of an elevator. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, designing and mounting a hook safety detection device; step 2, monitoring displacement of a steel wire rope; 3, monitoring the state of the coke tank; 4, monitoring the state of the lifting hook; and step 5, coke tank off-bed monitoring. According to the technical scheme, the elevator control system detects the state of the coke tank, reliably judges the state of the hook, carries out safety monitoring on the whole lifting process of the elevator, and ensures the safety and reliability of the important hook action process in the production process of the elevator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method, in particular to a method for ensuring safe hooking of a hoisting device, and belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment control. Background Art

[0002] The CDQ elevator hoist is used to lift the full coke can on the carrier to the top of the CDQ and return the empty coke can to the carrier. Compared with ordinary cranes, it has the characteristics of complex hoist structure, large load, and drastic load changes. Under the existing production technology conditions, there are the following three problems:

[0003] 1. The hoist cannot directly receive information about the status of the coke tank for interlocking protection. After the carrier is aligned under the hoist's derrick, the pre-hoisting preparations and interlocking protection are completed by the carrier, and the external control system sends a hoisting command to the hoist control system. The hoist control system executes actions when it cannot reliably confirm the presence and position of the coke tank, which poses a serious safety hazard.

[0004] 2. There is a lack of reliable methods to determine the hook status during the hoisting process. During the operation of the hoist, the mechanical structure of the hoist is interlocked to perform the hook hoisting action. If there are undetected abnormal conditions such as the deflection of the coke tank lifting lug, the hoist control system will continue to hoist due to the lack of a reliable interlocking protection method until manual intervention or accident parking. Although there have been applications of technologies such as video recognition of hook abnormalities, their promotion has been slow due to factors such as long debugging time and high requirements for the lighting environment.

[0005] 3. Lack of safety monitoring during the hoisting process of the elevator. The original technology mainly relies on external control systems (carrier vehicles and dry coke quenching control systems) for safety monitoring. After the external control system confirms that there is no abnormality in the interlocking signal, it sends a command to the elevator to lift. However, if the external control system receives an erroneous safety interlocking signal, the lack of safety monitoring during the hoisting process of the elevator will lead to safety accidents. The dry coke quenching elevator is an important equipment in the production of dry coke. When hoisting the rotating coke drum, the coke drum carrier filled with red coke is positioned under the hoist derrick. The carrier control system confirms that the carrier has been positioned under the derrick, there is a coke drum on it, the rotating coke drum is positioned, and the elevator hoist is in the open position (such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the hoist control system will send a command to lift the full tank of red coke. The hoist control system drives the left and right drums of the hoist to rotate, and the traction wire rope drives the left and right movable pulleys on the hoist to lift upward. During the lifting process of the hoist, the hooks opened on the left and right sides are closed through the transmission of mechanical force. In this process, the left and right lifting ears of the coke tank carrier are hooked and start to lift along the direction of the hoist derrick. When it is lifted to the top of the derrick, it is then moved horizontally and dropped to load the red coke in the coke tank from the bottom door of the coke tank into the dry quenching tower. After the coke loading is completed, the hoist is lifted and moved horizontally to the top of the hoist derrick and lowered to send the empty coke tank to the standby position of the hoist derrick. When the coke tank carrier is positioned under the hoist derrick, the carrier control system confirms that the carrier has been positioned under the derrick, there is no coke tank on it, and the hoist has reached the standby position, and it will send an empty tank receiving command to the hoist control system. The elevator control system drives the left and right drums of the elevator to rotate, and the lowered wire rope drives the left and right movable pulleys on the hoist to lower the can. During the lowering process of the hoist, the closed hooks on the left and right sides are opened through the transmission of mechanical force. This process will release the left and right lifting ears of the coke can carrier and start placing the coke can onto the transport vehicle. The elevator control system will not stop lowering until it determines that the hoist has reached the hook open position. The coke can trolley control system will not allow the coke can carrier to go to the coke oven area to receive the coke until it determines that the coke can is placed in the transport vehicle and the elevator hook has reached the open position. At this point, a complete work flow of the elevator is completed.

[0006] 4. The elevator itself has little monitoring of the coke tank carrier and the coke tank. The coke tank lifting and lowering instructions are mainly sent by the carrier vehicle control system to the elevator control system. If the carrier vehicle control system detects an abnormal signal and sends an erroneous instruction, it will cause a safety accident to the elevator.

[0007] 5. In the process of the hoist lifting the sling hook, there is a lack of monitoring of the hook's working safety. If a jam or a lifting lug deflection occurs at this time, the hoist will still drive the sling to lift, causing the lifting lug to unhook and cause a safety accident.

[0008] 6. During the hoisting process, the deflection of the coke drum caused by the speed asynchrony of the left and right rollers and the different expansion and contraction rates of the wire ropes cannot be determined, which will lead to safety accidents.

[0009] It can be seen that there are many safety hazards in the initial lifting stage of the coke drum, so a new solution is urgently needed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0010] The present invention aims at the problems existing in the prior art and provides a method for ensuring the safe hooking of the hoisting equipment of the hoist. The technical solution realizes the state detection of the focus tank by the hoist control system, reliably judges the state of the hook and performs the whole safety monitoring of the hoisting process of the hoist, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the important hooking action process in the hoist production process.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a method for ensuring the safe hooking of a hoisting device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Design and install the hook safety detection device,

[0013] Step 2: Wire rope displacement monitoring;

[0014] Step 3: coke tank status monitoring;

[0015] Step 4: Hook status monitoring;

[0016] Step 5: Monitoring of coke drum leaving the bed.

[0017] Among them, the safety detection device in step 1 includes a left drum speed detection device 1, a right drum speed detection device 2, a left lifting ear detection device 3, a right lifting ear detection device 4, a front block 5 for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned, a rear block 6 for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned, a front hook position detection device 7 for the left hook, a rear hook position detection device 8 for the left hook, a front hook position detection device 9 for the right hook, a rear hook position detection device 10 for the right hook, a front block position detection device 11, and a rear block position detection device 12. These detection signals are directly connected to the hoist control system for safety interlock protection of the control system. The installation position of each detection device is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0018] The left drum speed detection device 1 and the right drum speed detection device 2 are installed on their respective drums, and generate pulse signals to send to the control system. The control system can measure the speed Vdz, Vdy and displacement Ldz, Ldy generated by each drum driving the wire rope; the left lifting lug detection device 3 and the right lifting lug detection device 4 are installed under the hoist derrick. When the hook is fully opened, the switching signal is generated by triggering the lifting lug and sent to the control system for detecting the left and right lifting lug position signals Idz and Idy; the front stopper 5 for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned and the rear stopper 6 for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned are installed on the rotating coke tank. Due to the process characteristics of the coke tank, the front stopper 5 and the rear stopper 6 are installed at an angle of 180°, and the width of each stopper is w1. Only when the coke tank is accurately rotated on the carrier and accurately positioned under the hoist derrick, , the front block position detection device 11 and the rear block position detection device 12 can measure the position signals Lj1 and Lj1 of these blocks, and send the generated position signals to the control system for judging the rotation position, positioning position and presence of the coke tank; the front hook position detection device 7 of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook are fixedly installed on two fixed planes with a width of W, and the front and rear hook positions Lz1 and Lz2 of the left hook are measured at opposite angles. The front hook position detection device 9 of the right hook and the rear hook position detection device 10 of the right hook are fixedly installed on two fixed planes with a width of W, and the front and rear hook positions Ly1 and Ly2 of the right hook are measured at opposite angles. These signals are all connected to the hoist control system for measuring the real-time opening width of each hook.

[0019] The aforementioned dry quenching coke elevator is in a circulating working state. At the moment when the elevator starts to lift the coke can and completes lowering the coke can, the positions of the elevator drum, the hoisting device and the coke can should be constant, that is, the control system measures that the speed Vdz, Vdy and the displacement Ldz, Ldy generated by the steel wire rope driven by each drum at this moment are all 0; the left lifting lug detection device 3 and the right lifting lug detection device 4 detect the left and right lifting lug position signals Idz and Idy; the front block position detection device 11 and the rear block position detection device 12 measure the position signals of these blocks as fixed values ​​Lj1 and Lj1; the front hook position detection device 7 of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook measure the front and rear hook positions of the left hook as fixed values ​​Lz1 and Lz2, and the front hook position detection device 9 of the right hook and the rear hook position detection device 10 of the right hook measure the front and rear hook positions of the right hook as fixed values ​​Ly1 and Ly2.

[0020] When the carrier vehicle carrying the full coke tank arrives at the bottom of the hoist derrick and is positioned and the conditions are met, a full tank delivery instruction is sent to the hoist control system. The hoist control system will automatically perform the following detection and judgment:

[0021] Step 2: Wire rope displacement monitoring. When the hoist control system receives the left and right lifting eye position signals Idz and Idy detected by the left lifting eye detection device 3 and the right lifting eye detection device 4, whether the new wire rope displacement and Ldy' of the left and right drums of the hoist are consistent with the standard displacements Ldz and Ldy. Assume that the radius of the left drum is Rg, and the number of pulses generated by the drum speed detection device 1 when the left drum rotates one circle is N, then the length of each pulse of the wire rope is: 2*π*Rg / N. If the pulse zero point of the left drum speed detection device and the zero point of the lifting stroke are taken as the time when the coke tank is lifted by the hoist to the lower position, then the number of pulses corresponding to the normal wire rope stroke Ldz when the sling carried by the left drum reaches the left lifting eye detection device 3 is: Ndz=Ldz / (2*π*Rg / N)=N*Ldz / (2*π*Rg), and the actual number of pulses is Ndz'. Similarly, when the right drum descends When the stroke reaches the normal stroke Ldy, the corresponding pulse number is: Ndy=Ldy / (2*π*Rg / N)=N*Ldy / (2*π*Rg), the actual pulse number is Ndy'. If Ndz'-Ndz>Elz or Ndy'-Ndy>Ely, Elz and Ely are the abnormal alarm thresholds for the stretching of the left and right wire ropes respectively, then it is judged that the wire rope has an abnormal stretching situation; if Ndz-Ndz'>Esz or Ndy-Ndy'>Esy, Esz and Esy are the alarm thresholds for the loose ropes of the left and right wire ropes respectively, then it is judged that the wire rope has an abnormal loose rope situation.

[0022] Step 3: Coke tank status monitoring. When the elevator control system receives the full tank instruction sent by the carrier control system, in order to ensure the reliability of the coke tank status, the coke tank front block position detection device 11 and the rear block position detection device 12 will measure the actual position values ​​Lj1' and Lj2' of the front block 5 and the rear block 6 of the coke tank. Assuming the diameter of the coke tank is Dj, ignoring the width of the detection device, if W = Lj1'》Lj1 or W = Lj2'》Lj2, it means that there is no coke tank on the carrier and the coke tank will be prohibited from being lifted. The elevator control system also calculates Calculate the width D'=W-Lj1'-Lj2' between the two blocks on the coke tank at this time, and compare it with the normal D=W-Lj1-Lj2=Dj+2*w1. If D-D'=2*w1, it means that the front block position detection device 11 and the rear block position detection device 12 measure the diameter D'=Dj of the coke tank, which is caused by the skewed rotation of the coke tank. If D-D'》2*w1, it means that the carrier itself is not aligned under the hoist derrick. The above two situations also prohibit the hoist from moving.

[0023] Step 4: Hook status monitoring. After the wire rope displacement and coke tank status monitoring are normal, the hoist control system confirms that the coke tank can be lifted, and controls the left and right rollers of the hoist to lift. As the hoist is lifted by the wire rope, the left and right lifting lug position signals Idz and Idy will disappear. If these signals still exist after the hoist is activated, it means that the wire rope still has abnormal problems such as loose rope and outputs an alarm signal. During the initial lifting process of the hoist, the front and rear hooks of the hook begin to close under the action of mechanical force. The front hook position detection device 7 of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook measure the standard values ​​of the front and rear hook positions of the left hook as Lz1 and Lz2 (fixed values), respectively, and the real-time values ​​are Lz1' and Lz2' (variable values), respectively. The front hook position detection device 9 of the right hook and the rear hook position detection device 10 of the right hook measure the standard values ​​of the front and rear hook positions of the right hook as Ly1 and Ly2 (fixed values), respectively, and the real-time values ​​are Ly1' and Ly2' (variable values), respectively. Take the left hook as an example. When the hook is fully opened, the distance between the front and rear hooks is Lgl=W-Lz1-Lz2 (fixed value). During the closing process, the distance between the front and rear hooks is Lgs=W-Lz1'-Lz2' (variable value). When the hook on the lifting device is hooked with the lifting lug and is about to lift the coke tank carrier, the length of the wire rope is L. Figure 3 shown.

[0024] Analyze the relationship between the wire rope displacement L and the front and rear hook distance Lg, and the simplified diagram is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 It can be concluded that when the mechanical movements of the sling are normal, the real-time values ​​Lz1' and Lz2' of the front and rear hook positions of the left hook measured by the front hook position detection device 7 and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook have a fixed trigonometric correspondence with the real-time length L' of the wire rope lifting. Assuming that the distance from the hook shaft to the horizontal plane with the maximum hook angle is Z, the trigonometric function formula can be obtained: (Z+L') 2 +(Lgs' / 2) 2 =Z 2 +(Lgl / 2) 2 (1)

[0025] Simplifying formula 1, we can get: L' 2 +2*Z*L'+(Lgs' / 2) 2 -(Lgl / 2) 2 =0(2)

[0026] The relationship between L' and Lgs' in formula 2 is obtained as follows:

[0027]

[0028] Continuing to simplify formula 3, the theoretical calculated value of L' is:

[0029]

[0030] In the hoist control system, substitute the real-time value Lgs' according to this formula, and then compare the calculated theoretical value L' with the actual value L. α is the lifting deviation ratio, which means that the hook position is abnormal during the lifting process and a safety shutdown protection will be performed.

[0031] At the same time, during the hooking process of the hoist hook, the value L also corresponds to the values ​​Lz1 and Lz2 measured by the front hook position detection device 7 of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook. Since Lgs'=W-Lz1'-Lz2', assuming that Lz1'=Lz2' during the entire hooking process, then Lgs'=W-2*Lz1'=W-2*Lz2', and substituting it into formula (4), the mathematical relationship between the theoretical lifting value L' of the hoist and the actual value Lz1' or Lz2' measured by the front hook position detection device 7 of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook is:

[0032] or

[0033]

[0034] In the hoist control system, the theoretical value L' calculated according to this formula is compared with the actual value L.

[0035] Where α is the lifting deviation ratio, it means that the front hook position is abnormal during the lifting process. α indicates that there is an abnormality in the rear hook position during the lifting process. Since these abnormal values ​​exceed the allowable deviation, the hook will fail and a safety accident will occur. Therefore, both situations require safety shutdown protection.

[0036] Step 5: Monitoring of coke drum leaving the bed. Since hoist safety accidents mainly occur in the initial stage of lifting, a monitoring method is also needed when the coke drum leaves the carrier to ensure the safety of subsequent lifting. Since the hoist control system has previously determined that the wire rope displacement, coke drum status and hook status monitoring are normal, after the coke drum is lifted off the bed, Lj1' and Lj2' measured by the coke drum front block position detection device 11 and the rear block position detection device 12 will be greater than the set values ​​Lj1 and Lj2, that is, Lj1'-Lj1=wl or Lj2'-Lj2=wl or W-Lj1'-Lj2'=Dj. The lifting count pulse Ndl' of the hoist drum is sampled at the moment when this condition is met, and compared with the lifting count pulse Ndl at the moment of leaving the bed under normal circumstances. If |Ndl'-Ndl|>Edl, where Edl is the abnormal alarm threshold of the leaving bed monitoring point, it is determined that there is an abnormality in the coke drum leaving the bed process, and an alarm protection will be output.

[0037] Compared with the existing technology, this solution has the following advantages: 1) This solution realizes wire rope displacement monitoring protection, 2) realizes coke tank status monitoring protection; 3) realizes hook status monitoring protection; 4) realizes coke tank bed separation monitoring protection. Through the application of the above safety protection equipment and the implementation of the judgment method, the hoist control system can automatically monitor the entire process of coke tank hooking, ensure the safety of the hoist hooking process, and avoid the occurrence of safety accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A simplified diagram of the hoist structure when the hook is open;

[0039] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the hook safety detection device;

[0040] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the coke tank carrier lifting;

[0041] Figure 4 Triangular relationship diagram of hoist displacement and hook distance;

[0042] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the hoist structure when the hook is raised. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present embodiment is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Example 1: See Figure 1 , a method for ensuring safe hooking of a hoisting device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Design a hook safety detection device. Install each sensor as follows: Figure 2As shown, the left and right drum speed detection devices 1 and 2 of the hoist are digital pulse rotary encoders installed on each drum. The number of pulses generated by one rotation is 1024. The generated pulse signals Nz and Ny are sent to the hoist control system. The control system can calculate the speed Vdz, Vdy and displacement Ldz, Ldy generated by each drum driving the wire rope; the left lifting lug detection device 3 and the right lifting lug detection device 4 are proximity switches installed under the hoist derrick. When the hook is fully opened, the switch signal generated by the triggering of the lifting lug is sent to the control system for detecting the left and right lifting lug position signals Idz and Idy; the front block 5 and the rear block 6 for the presence and positioning detection of the coke tank are installed on the rotating coke tank at an angle of 180°. The width of each block is w1=10CM. Only when the coke tank is accurately rotated on the carrier and accurately positioned under the hoist derrick, the front block position The position detection device 11 and the rear block position detection device 12 use a laser rangefinder to illuminate these blocks, measure the position signals Lj1 and Lj1, and send the generated position signals to the control system for judging the rotation position, positioning position and presence of the coke tank; the front hook position detection device 7 of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook use a laser rangefinder, which is fixedly installed on two fixed planes with a width of W=10M, and the front and rear hook positions Lz1 and Lz2 of the left hook are measured at opposite angles. The front hook position detection device 9 of the right hook and the rear hook position detection device 10 of the right hook also use a laser rangefinder, which is fixedly installed on two fixed planes with a width of W=10M, and the front and rear hook positions Ly1 and Ly2 of the right hook are measured at opposite angles. These signals are all connected to the hoist control system for measuring the opening width of each hook.

[0046] At the moment when the hoist starts to lift the coke can and finishes putting down the coke can, the positions of the hoist drum, the hoisting device and the coke can should be constant, that is, the control system measures the drum pulse number Nz = 0, Ny = 0 at this moment, and then calculates that the speed Vdz, Vdy and the displacement Ldz, Ldy generated by the drum driving the wire rope are all 0; the left lifting lug detection device 3 and the right lifting lug detection device 4 detect the left and right lifting lug position signals Idz and Idy; the coke can front block position detection device 11 and the rear block position detection device 12 ... The detection device 12 detects the position signals of these blocks as fixed values ​​Lj1=2.9M and Lj1=2.9M; the front hook position detection device 7 of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook detect the front and rear hook positions of the left hook as fixed values ​​Lz1=4M and Lz2=4M, and the front hook position detection device 9 of the right hook and the rear hook position detection device 10 of the right hook detect the front and rear hook positions of the right hook as fixed values ​​Ly1=4M and Ly2=4M.

[0047] When the carrier vehicle carrying the full coke tank arrives at the bottom of the hoist derrick and is positioned and the conditions are met, a full tank delivery instruction is sent to the hoist control system. The hoist control system will automatically perform the following detection and judgment:

[0048] Step 2: Wire rope displacement monitoring. When the hoist control system receives the left and right lifting eye position signals Idz and Idy detected by the left lifting eye detection device 3 and the right lifting eye detection device 4, taking the left wire rope monitoring as an example, the control system determines whether the actual wire rope displacement Ldz'=34.5M of the left drum of the hoist is consistent with the standard displacement Ldz=35M. Assuming that the radius of the left drum is Rg=1.5M, and the number of pulses generated by the drum speed detection device 1 when the left drum rotates one circle is N=1024, then the length of each pulse of the wire rope is: 2*π*Rg / N=0.92CM. If the pulse zero point of the left drum speed detection device and the zero point of the lifting stroke are taken as the time when the coke tank is lifted by the hoist to the lower position, then the number of pulses corresponding to the normal travel Ldz of the wire rope when the sling carried by the left drum reaches the left lifting eye detection device 3 is: Ndz=Ldz / (2*π*Rg / N)=N*Ldz / (2*π*Rg)=0, if the actual number of pulses is Ndz'=-6, assuming that the left wire rope stretching alarm threshold Elz=5, and the left wire rope loosening alarm threshold Esz is 5, then Ndz'-Ndz=-6-0=-6, which does not meet the condition Ndz'-Ndz>Elz, and there is no loose rope abnormality; but Ndz-Ndz'=0+6=6, which meets the condition Ndz-Ndz'>Esz, then it is judged that the left wire rope has a loose rope abnormality, and the shutdown alarm protection will be performed.

[0049] Step 3: Coke tank status monitoring. When the elevator control system receives the full tank instruction sent by the carrier control system, in order to ensure the reliability of the coke tank status, the coke tank front block position detection device 11 and the rear block position detection device 12 will measure the actual position values ​​Lj1' and Lj2' of the front block 5 and the rear block 6 of the coke tank. Assuming that the diameter of the coke tank is Dj=4M, ignoring the width of the detection device, if Lj1'=10M》Lj1 or Lj2'=10M》Lj2, it means that there is no coke tank on the carrier and the coke tank will be prohibited from being lifted. The elevator control system also calculates the actual position of the coke tank. The width D'=W-Lj1'-Lj2' between the two blocks on the coke drum is compared with the normal D=W-Lj1-Lj2=Dj+2*w1=4.2M. If D-D'=2*w1=0.2M, it means that the front block position detection device 11 and the rear block position detection device 12 measure the diameter of the coke drum D'=Dj=4M, which is caused by the skewed rotation of the coke drum. If D-D'》2*w1, it means that the carrier itself is not aligned under the hoist derrick. The above two situations also prohibit the hoist from moving.

[0050] Step 4: Hook status monitoring. After the wire rope displacement and coke tank status monitoring are normal, the hoist control system confirms that the coke tank can be lifted, and controls the left and right rollers of the hoist to lift. As the hoist is lifted by the wire rope, the left and right lifting lug position signals Idz and Idy will disappear. If these signals still exist after the hoist is activated, it means that the wire rope still has abnormal problems such as loose rope and outputs an alarm signal. During the initial lifting process of the hoist, the front and rear hooks of the hook begin to close under the action of mechanical force. The front hook position detection device 7 of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook measure the standard values ​​of the front and rear hook positions of the left hook as Lz1 and Lz2 (fixed values), respectively, and the real-time values ​​are Lz1' and Lz2' (variable values), respectively. The front hook position detection device 9 of the right hook and the rear hook position detection device 10 of the right hook measure the standard values ​​of the front and rear hook positions of the right hook as Ly1 and Ly2 (fixed values), respectively, and the real-time values ​​are Ly1' and Ly2' (variable values), respectively. Take the left hook as an example. When the hook is fully opened, the distance between the front and rear hooks is Lgl=W-Lz1-Lz2=10-4-4=2M. During the closing process, the distance between the front and rear hooks is Lgs=W-Lz1'-Lz2' (variable value). When the hook on the lifting device is hooked with the lifting lug and is about to lift the coke tank carrier, the length of the wire rope is L=2M. Figure 3 Analyzing the relationship between the wire rope displacement L and the front and rear hook distance Lg, the simplified diagram obtained is as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0051] pass Figure 4 It can be concluded that when the mechanical movements of the sling are normal, the real-time values ​​Lz1' and Lz2' of the front and rear hook positions of the left hook measured by the front hook position detection device 7 and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook have a fixed triangular correspondence with the real-time length L' of the wire rope lifting. Assuming that the distance from the hook shaft to the horizontal plane with the maximum hook angle is Z = 0.5M, when Lgs' = 1.2M, the theoretical calculated value of L' can be obtained according to formula 4:

[0052]

[0053] The calculated theoretical value L'=0.44M is compared with the actual value L=0.5M, then |[L-L'] / L'|=0.14, α is the improvement deviation ratio, in this example α is 0.12, satisfying This condition indicates that there is an abnormality in the hook position during the lifting process and a safety shutdown protection will be performed.

[0054] At the same time, during the hooking process of the hoist hook, the value L also corresponds to the values ​​Lz1 and Lz2 measured by the front hook position detection device 7 of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook. Since Lgs'=W-Lz1'-Lz2', assuming that Lz1'=Lz2' during the entire hooking process, then Lgs'=W-2*Lz1'=W-2*Lz2', and substituting it into formula (4), the mathematical relationship between the theoretical lifting value L' of the hoist and the actual value Lz1' or Lz2' measured by the front hook position detection device 7 of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device 8 of the left hook is:

[0055] or

[0056]

[0057] If Lz1'=4.55M, calculate L'

[0058]

[0059] In the elevator control system, the theoretical value L' calculated according to this formula is compared with the actual value L = 0.5M, then | [L-L'] / L' | = 0.09, which does not satisfy |

[0060] This condition indicates that the front hook position is normal during the lifting process.

[0061] Step 5: Monitoring of coke drum leaving the bed. Since hoist safety accidents mainly occur in the initial stage of lifting, a monitoring method is also needed when the coke drum leaves the carrier to ensure the safety of subsequent lifting. Since the hoist control system has previously determined that the wire rope displacement, coke drum status and hook status monitoring are normal, after the coke drum is lifted off the bed, Lj1' and Lj2' measured by the coke drum front block position detection device 11 and the rear block position detection device 12 will be greater than the set values ​​Lj1 and Lj2, that is, Lj1'-Lj1=wl or Lj2'-Lj2=wl or W-Lj1'-Lj2'=Dj. The lifting count pulse Ndl'=305 of the hoist drum is sampled at the moment when this condition is met, and compared with the lifting count pulse Ndl=300 at the moment of leaving the bed under normal circumstances. In this example, the abnormal alarm threshold Edl=4 of the leaving bed monitoring point, then |Ndl'-Ndl|=|305-300|=5>4, that is, |Ndl'

[0062] -Ndl|>Edl is the condition that it is judged that there is an abnormality in the process of the coke tank leaving the bed, and an alarm protection will be output.

[0063] It should be noted that the above embodiments are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, and equivalent changes or substitutions made on the basis of the above technical solutions all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ensuring safe hooking of a hoisting device, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Design and install the hook safety detection device, Step 2: Wire rope displacement monitoring; Step 3: coke tank status monitoring; Step 4: Hook status monitoring; Step 5: Monitoring of coke drum leaving the bed.

2. The method for ensuring safe hooking of a hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety detection device in step 1 includes a left drum speed detection device (1), a right drum speed detection device (2), a left lifting ear detection device (3), a right lifting ear detection device (4), a front stopper (5) for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned, a rear stopper (6) for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned, a front hook position detection device (7) for the left hook, a rear hook position detection device (8) for the left hook, a front hook position detection device (9) for the right hook, a rear hook position detection device (10) for the right hook, a front stopper position detection device (11) and a rear stopper position detection device (12), wherein the left drum The speed detection device (1) and the right drum speed detection device (2) are installed on the respective drums, and generate pulse signals to send to the control system. The control system can measure the speed Vdz, Vdy and displacement Ldz, Ldy generated by the steel wire rope driven by each drum; the left lifting lug detection device (3) and the right lifting lug detection device (4) are installed under the hoisting machine frame, and when the hook is fully opened, the lifting lug triggers to generate a switch signal to send to the control system for detecting the position signals Idz and Idy of the left and right lifting lugs; the front stopper 5 for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned and the rear stopper (6) for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned are installed on the rotary On the coke tank, due to the process characteristics of the coke tank, the front stopper (5) for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned and the rear stopper (6) for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned are installed at an angle of 180 degrees, and the width of each stopper is w1. Only when the rotation position of the coke tank on the carrier is accurate and accurately positioned under the hoisting machine frame, the front stopper position detection device (11) and the rear stopper position detection device (12) can respectively detect the position signals Lj1 and Lj1 of the front stopper (5) for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned and the rear stopper (6) for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned, and send the generated position signals to the control system for judging the rotation position and positioning of the coke tank. The left hook front hook position detection device (7) and the left hook rear hook position detection device (8) are fixedly mounted on two fixed planes with a width of W, and the front and rear hook positions Lz1 and Lz2 of the left hook are measured at opposite angles; the right hook front hook position detection device (9) and the right hook rear hook position detection device (10) are fixedly mounted on two fixed planes with a width of W, and the front and rear hook positions Ly1 and Ly2 of the right hook are measured at opposite angles. These signals are connected to the hoist control system for measuring the real-time opening width of each hook; The dry coke quenching elevator is in a cyclic working state. At the moment when the elevator starts to lift the coke can and finishes to lower the coke can, the positions of the elevator drum, the hoisting device and the coke can should be constant, that is, the control system measures that the speed Vdz, Vdy and the displacement Ldz, Ldy generated by the steel wire rope driven by each drum at this moment are all 0; the left lifting lug detection device (3) and the right lifting lug detection device (4) detect the left and right lifting lug position signals Idz and Idy; the front block position detection device (11) and the rear block position detection device (12) detect whether the coke can is positioned or not, and whether the coke can is positioned or not. ) are fixed values ​​Lj1 and Lj1; the front hook position detection device (7) of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device (8) of the left hook detect that the front and rear hook positions of the left hook are fixed values ​​Lz1 and Lz2; the front hook position detection device (9) of the right hook and the rear hook position detection device (10) of the right hook detect that the front and rear hook positions of the right hook are fixed values ​​Ly1 and Ly2; when the carrier vehicle carrying the full coke tank arrives at the bottom of the hoist derrick and is positioned and determines that the conditions are met and sends a full tank delivery instruction to the hoist control system, the hoist control system will automatically perform subsequent detection and judgment.

3. The method for ensuring safe hooking of hoisting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step 2: Wire rope displacement monitoring, as follows: When the hoist control system receives the left and right lifting eye position signals Idz and Idy detected by the left lifting eye detection device (3) and the right lifting eye detection device (4), determine whether the new wire rope displacement and Ldy' of the left and right drums of the hoist are consistent with the standard displacements Ldz and Ldy. Assume that the radius of the left drum is Rg, and the number of pulses generated by the drum speed detection device (1) when the left drum rotates one circle is N. Then the length of each pulse of the wire rope is: 2*π*Rg / N. If the pulse zero point of the left drum speed detection device and the zero point of the lifting stroke are taken as the time when the hoist lifts the coke tank to the lower position, then the normal stroke Ldz of the wire rope corresponding to the time when the hoist carried by the left drum reaches the left lifting eye detection device (3) is The number of pulses is: Ndz=Ldz / (2*π*Rg / N)=N*Ldz / (2*π*Rg), the actual number of pulses is Ndz'. Similarly, the number of pulses corresponding to the right drum descending stroke reaching the normal stroke Ldy is: Ndy=Ldy / (2*π*Rg / N)=N*Ldy / (2*π*Rg), the actual number of pulses is Ndy'. If Ndz'-Ndz>Elz or Ndy'-Ndy>Ely, Elz and Ely are the abnormal alarm thresholds for the stretching of the left and right wire ropes respectively, then it is judged that the wire rope has an abnormal stretching situation; if Ndz-Ndz'>Esz or Ndy-Ndy'>Esy, Esz and Esy are the loose rope alarm thresholds for the left and right wire ropes respectively, then it is judged that the wire rope has an abnormal loose rope situation.

4. The method for ensuring safe hooking of a hoisting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step 3: coke tank status monitoring, specifically as follows: when the elevator control system receives the full tank delivery instruction sent by the carrier control system, in order to ensure the reliability of the coke tank status, the front block position detection device (11) and the rear block position detection device (12) detect the actual position values ​​Lj1' and Lj2' of the front block (5) and the rear block (6) of the coke tank for detecting whether the coke tank is positioned. Assuming the diameter of the coke tank is Dj, ignoring the width of the detection device, if W = Lj1'》Lj1 or W = Lj2'》Lj2, it means that there is no coke tank on the carrier, and the coke tank is disabled. Stop lifting the coke tank; the elevator control system simultaneously calculates the width D'=W-Lj1'-Lj2' between the two blocks on the coke tank at this time, and compares it with the normal D=W-Lj1-Lj2=Dj+2*w1. If D-D'=2*w1, it means that the coke tank front block position detection device 11 and the rear block position detection device 12 measure the diameter D'=Dj of the coke tank, which is caused by the skewed rotation of the coke tank. If D-D'》2*w1, it means that the carrier itself is not properly positioned under the elevator derrick. The above two situations also prohibit the elevator from moving.

5. The method for ensuring safe hooking of a hoisting device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Step 4: monitoring the hook status, as follows: after the wire rope displacement and the coke drum status monitoring are normal, the hoist control system confirms the operation of lifting the coke drum and controls the left and right drums of the hoist to lift. As the hoist is lifted by the wire rope, the left and right lifting lug position signals Idz and Idy disappear. If these signals still exist after the hoist is actuated, it means that the wire rope still has abnormal problems such as loose rope and an alarm signal is output. During the initial lifting process of the hoist, the front and rear hooks of the hook begin to close under the action of mechanical force. The front hook position detection device (7) of the left hook and the rear hook position detection device (8) of the left hook measure the standard values ​​of the front and rear hook positions of the left hook to be Lz1 and Lz2 respectively, and the real-time values ​​to be Lz1' and Lz2' respectively. The front hook position detection device 9 of the right hook and the rear hook position detection device 10 of the right hook measure the standard values ​​of the front and rear hook positions of the right hook to be Ly1 and Ly2 respectively, and the real-time values ​​to be Ly1' and Ly2' respectively.

6. The method for ensuring safe hooking of a hoisting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step 5: Monitoring of the coke drum leaving the bed, specifically, after the coke drum is lifted off the bed, Lj1' and Lj2' measured by the coke drum front block position detection device (11) and the rear block position detection device (12) will be greater than the set values ​​Lj1 and Lj2, that is, Lj1'-Lj1=wl or Lj2'-Lj2=wl or W-Lj1'-Lj2'=Dj, and the lifting count pulse Ndl' of the elevator drum is sampled at the moment when this condition is met, and compared with the lifting count pulse Ndl at the moment of leaving the bed under normal circumstances. If the condition |Ndl'-Ndl|>Edl is met, where Edl is the abnormal alarm threshold of the leaving bed monitoring point, it is determined that there is an abnormal situation in the coke drum leaving the bed process, and an alarm protection will be output.

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