Solar water heater with low cost, low heat loss and low light loss

Abstract

The invention provides a low-cost low-heat-loss low-light-loss solar water heater. The low-cost low-heat-loss low-light-loss solar water heater comprises micron / nanometer silicon particles, a heat conduction supporting plate, a transparent heat insulation layer, a convection water conduction layer, a heat preservation water storage device and a transparent inner cover. According to the low-cost, low-heat-loss and low-light-loss solar water heater, micron / nanometer silicon particles manufactured by crushing cheap silicon waste are used for absorbing sunlight to heat water, mirror reflection is avoided, light reflection loss is reduced, the heated water enters the heat preservation water storage device through the convection water transfer layer, and the heat preservation water storage device is used for heat preservation. The high-temperature heat radiation loss and heat conduction loss are reduced through the convection water conducting layer, the heat convection speed is increased, the heating speed is increased, the heat efficiency is improved, silicon waste is fully utilized, and silicon raw materials are saved, so that the solar water heater with the low cost, the low heat loss and the low light loss has the advantages of being low in cost, low in heat loss and capable of being popularized in a large area; the method has a great application market.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solar water heaters, and in particular to a low-cost, low-heat-loss and low-light-loss solar water heater. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid consumption of "yesterday's sunshine" energy, such as coal, oil, natural gas and other traditional energy sources, the price of traditional energy is getting more and more expensive, and traditional energy is unsustainable. In order to reduce the use of traditional energy, new energy is used more and more widely, and the model of new energy that is widely promoted is solar water heaters.

[0003] However, solar water heaters also have many disadvantages. For example, the core component of solar water heaters, the solar water heater core, has a complex processing technology, high requirements, high price, and waste. The manufacture of solar water heater cores requires high-quality silicon raw materials, which are processed through special processing technology. The processing cost is also relatively expensive, and its cost exceeds one-fourth of the total cost of solar water heaters. However, the core facing away from the sun cannot be exposed to sunlight. Only half of the solar water heater core that can be exposed can be exposed to sunlight, resulting in the silicon material on the back of the solar water heater core not absorbing sunlight and being wasted. Moreover, the thickness of the absorption layer of the solar water heater core is very thin, which will not exceed a few microns, and it can absorb all the light. Therefore, the temperature of the outermost layer of the core is the highest, and then the water inside the core is heated by heat conduction. At the same time, because the temperature of the outer layer of the core is the highest, the temperature difference with the external environment is very large, and there will be a relatively large heat radiation loss and heat conduction loss to the external space. In particular, the stronger the sunlight, the higher the temperature of the outer surface of the core, and the higher the heat radiation and heat conduction losses. The outside of the traditional silicon tube core is relatively smooth, which is prone to specular reflection and light reflection loss. In addition, the outside is a quasi-vacuum, and the refractive index of the quasi-vacuum is about 1. The refractive index of silicon is about 3, which is relatively large. Therefore, when light enters the silicon tube core from the quasi-vacuum, a relatively large reflection will occur, resulting in relatively large light reflection loss. At present, the convection of solar water is completed inside a single solar tube core, and its internal space is limited, so the temperature difference caused by convection is also limited, resulting in poor thermal convection effect, slow heating speed, and low thermal efficiency.

[0004] In view of the defects of current solar water heaters, such as low thermal efficiency, low thermal convection efficiency, high thermal radiation loss and thermal conduction loss, high light reflection loss, high cost of tube core and wasted tube core on the back, how to improve its thermal efficiency, improve thermal convection efficiency, reduce thermal radiation loss and thermal conduction loss, reduce light reflection loss, save silicon raw materials, and reduce costs are problems that need to be solved. Hereby a low-cost, low-heat loss and low-light loss solar water heater is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, low-heat-loss, and low-light-loss solar water heater, which can improve thermal efficiency, improve heat convection efficiency, reduce heat radiation loss and heat conduction loss, and reduce light reflection loss.

[0006] The present invention provides a low-cost, low-heat-loss, and low-light-loss solar water heater, comprising micron / nano silicon particles, a heat-conducting support plate, a transparent insulation layer, a convection water conduction layer, a heat-insulating water storage tank, and a transparent inner cover, wherein the convection water conduction layer is arranged inside the transparent inner cover, and the transparent inner cover is arranged inside the transparent insulation layer; the heat-conducting support plate is arranged inside the convection water conduction layer, the micron / nano silicon particles are bonded to the heat-conducting support plate, and the convection water conduction layer is connected to the heat-insulating water storage tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the micron / nano silicon particles are silicon particles obtained by crushing silicon waste.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a bonding material, and the micron / nano silicon particles are bonded to the front side of the heat conductive support plate through the bonding material.

[0009] Furthermore, the bonding material is a low melting point metal, the melting point of which is less than 800 degrees Celsius; or the bonding material is a high thermal conductivity adhesive, the thermal conductivity of which is greater than 1 W / (m·K).

[0010] Furthermore, the heat-conducting support plate is a single metal plate or an alloy metal plate, and the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting support plate is greater than or equal to 5 W / (m·K).

[0011] Furthermore, the transparent insulation layer contains a transparent insulation organic layer or a vacuum layer with a pressure less than a specific pressure; when the transparent insulation layer contains a vacuum layer with a pressure less than a specific pressure, the specific pressure is 0.36 atmospheres.

[0012] Furthermore, the convective water conducting layer is water.

[0013] Furthermore, the thermal insulation water storage tank includes a thermal insulation layer and a water storage layer, and the water storage layer is located inside the thermal insulation layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the micron / nano silicon particles, the adhesive material, the heat-conducting support plate, the transparent insulation layer, the convective water conduction layer and the transparent inner cover are all located at the lower part of the thermal insulation water storage tank, and the water storage layer of the thermal insulation water storage tank is connected to the convective water conduction layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the convective water conduction layer surrounds the micron / nano silicon particles, the adhesive material and the thermally conductive support plate; the transparent inner cover wraps the micron / nano silicon particles, the adhesive material, the thermally conductive support plate and the convective water conduction layer; the transparent insulation layer wraps the micron / nano silicon particles, the adhesive material, the thermally conductive support plate, the convective water conduction layer and the transparent inner cover.

[0016] The low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater according to the present invention comprises micron / nano silicon particles, a heat-conducting support plate, a transparent insulation layer, a convection water conduction layer, a heat-insulating water storage tank and a transparent inner cover. The convection water conduction layer is arranged inside the transparent inner cover, the transparent inner cover is arranged inside the transparent insulation layer, the heat-conducting support plate is arranged inside the convection water conduction layer, and the micron / nano silicon particles are bonded to the heat-conducting support plate, so that the convection water conduction layer is connected with the heat-insulating water storage tank. The solar water heater absorbs sunlight through the micron / nano silicon particles. Since the convection water conduction layer is wrapped on the outside of the micron / nano silicon particles, the heat energy generated by the sunlight absorbed by the micron / nano silicon particles is conducted to the convection water conduction layer to heat the water. Then the heated water enters the heat-insulating water storage tank through the convection water conduction layer. Therefore, in the process of heating the convection water conduction layer through the micron / nano silicon particles, not only the specular reflection is avoided and the light reflection loss is reduced, but also the high-temperature heat radiation loss and heat conduction loss can be effectively reduced through the convection water conduction layer, the heat convection speed is increased, the heating speed is increased, and the thermal efficiency is increased. Furthermore, micron / nano silicon particles can be obtained by crushing silicon waste, which can be obtained by cutting off the scraps when making solar cells, so that cheap silicon waste can be fully utilized to make solar water heaters, saving silicon raw materials and reducing the production cost of solar water heaters. Therefore, the low-cost, low-heat loss, and low-light loss solar water heater of the present invention has the advantages of low cost, low heat loss, and low light loss, can be widely promoted, and has a huge application market. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a low-cost, low-heat-loss, and low-light-loss solar water heater according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the low-cost, low-heat-loss and low-light-loss solar water heater of the present invention.

[0020] Description of reference numerals:

[0021] 1. Micron / nano silicon particles; 2. Adhesive material; 3. Heat-conducting support plate; 4. Transparent insulation layer; 5. Convective water conduction layer; 6. Insulated water storage tank; 61. Insulation layer; 62. Water storage layer; 7. Transparent inner cover; 8. Vacuum layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0024] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the low-cost, low-heat-loss, and low-light-loss solar water heater of an embodiment of the present invention comprises micron / nano silicon particles 1, a thermally conductive support plate 3, a transparent thermal insulation layer 4, a convective water conduction layer 5, a thermal insulation water storage tank 6, and a transparent inner cover 7, wherein the convective water conduction layer 5 is arranged inside the transparent inner cover 7, the transparent inner cover 7 is arranged inside the transparent thermal insulation layer 4, the thermally conductive support plate 3 is arranged inside the convective water conduction layer 5, the micron / nano silicon particles 1 are bonded to the thermally conductive support plate 3, and the convective water conduction layer 5 is connected to the thermal insulation water storage tank 6.

[0026] The low-cost, low-heat-loss, and low-light-loss solar water heater of the embodiment of the present invention absorbs sunlight through micron / nano silicon particles. Since the convection water conduction layer is wrapped around the outside of the micron / nano silicon particles, the heat energy generated by the micron / nano silicon particles absorbing sunlight is directly conducted to the convection water conduction layer to heat the water. The heated water then enters the thermal insulation water storage tank through the convection water conduction layer. Therefore, in the process of heating the convection water conduction layer through the micron / nano silicon particles, not only mirror reflection is avoided and light reflection loss is reduced, but also the convection water conduction layer can effectively reduce high-temperature thermal radiation loss and heat conduction loss, thereby increasing the heat convection speed, increasing the heating speed, increasing the thermal efficiency, and reducing the cost.

[0027] Specifically, although the Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN218096639U and titled "A Solar Collector Tube" has disclosed the technology of applying silicon carbide particles to water heaters, the bandgap of silicon carbide is relatively wide, and the absorption band is near the wavelength where ultraviolet light and ultraviolet light meet. The light that can be absorbed is mainly ultraviolet light (ultraviolet light energy accounts for about 7% of the total energy of sunlight, so silicon carbide cannot absorb most of the sunlight, but can only absorb a very small part), and it hardly absorbs visible light and infrared light, so the photothermal effect is very poor. Therefore, compared with the good photothermal effect of silicon, the application of silicon carbide in water heaters is not cost-effective; and the price of silicon carbide material is relatively expensive, and it is more difficult to use it in solar water heaters. It is less convertible; and the refractive index of silicon carbide is much smaller than that of silicon, and the part of light reflected by its mirror silicon carbide is much smaller than the loss of light reflected by mirror silicon, so the effect of using silicon carbide particles is not good; and the existing silicon carbide particles disclosed are nano-sized silicon carbide, which has a relatively small diameter, resulting in poor light absorption effect, so it will not produce better photothermal properties; and the silicon carbide nanoparticles used in the utility model patent with publication number CN218096639U and name "A Solar Collector Tube" are combined with phase change materials and are located inside the phase change material rather than on the surface. The micro-nano particles used in this application are on the surface of non-phase change materials, so the installation methods and technical means of the two are also different. It is generally known that the installation method of silicon carbide particles in the prior art is different from the installation method of the micron / nano silicon particles 1 of the present application. The two have different materials and technical means. The effect achieved by using the silicon carbide particles in the prior art is much worse than the effect achieved by the micron / nano silicon particles 1 used in the present application. The effects achieved are also different, and the problems solved are also different. The problems that can be solved by using the micron / nano silicon particles 1 in the present application are better. For example, the present application can solve the problem of low cost of materials and the problem of reuse of waste materials, while the silicon carbide particle material used in the prior art cannot solve this problem.

[0028] In contrast, the present invention uses micron / nano silicon particles 1 to absorb the heat energy generated by sunlight for heating water. This type of silicon particles has a relatively small bandgap width, which not only makes the photothermal material better but also cheaper. This makes the present invention not only have a better photothermal effect, but also have an anti-reflection effect, better thermal insulation performance, and less heat loss.

[0029] Furthermore, when solar cells are currently manufactured, since silicon rods are cylindrical and solar cell chips are square, rectangular or hexagonal, a lot of cutting scraps will be generated when the solar cell chips are cut, which is a waste of silicon materials. Therefore, how to make full use of these wasted silicon materials in solar water heaters is also a problem in the existing technology.

[0030] Accordingly, in the low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater of the embodiment of the present invention, the micron / nano silicon particles 1 are silicon particles obtained by crushing silicon waste. That is, the present invention can absorb sunlight by using the micron / nano silicon particles made by crushing cheap silicon waste. The silicon waste can be made from the scraps cut off when making solar cells, thereby making full use of the silicon waste wasted when cutting silicon cells, realizing the recycling and reuse of silicon waste, saving silicon raw materials, and reducing the production cost of solar water heaters.

[0031] Furthermore, the low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater of the present invention further comprises a bonding material 2, and the micron / nano silicon particles 1 are bonded to the front of the heat-conducting support plate 3 through the bonding material 2. Since the back of the solar water heater cannot be irradiated by sunlight when in use, it is only necessary to bond the micron / nano silicon particles 1 to the front of the heat-conducting support plate 3, which can not only make full use of sunlight, but also avoid wasting silicon raw materials, further reducing the production cost of the solar water heater.

[0032] Furthermore, according to actual usage requirements, the bonding material 2 can be made of low-melting-point metal or high-thermal conductive glue, so that the micron / nano silicon particles 1 can be firmly bonded to the thermally conductive support plate 3, ensuring the reliability of the micron / nano silicon particles 1 after bonding to the thermally conductive support plate 3, and will not affect the heat conduction of the micron / nano silicon particles 1 to the convective water conduction layer 5.

[0033] Among them, when the bonding material 2 adopts a low-melting-point metal, the melting point of the low-melting-point metal is less than 800 degrees Celsius, which not only ensures that the micron / nano silicon particles 1 can be firmly bonded to the thermal support plate 3 through the low-melting-point metal, but also does not affect the heat conduction of the micron / nano silicon particles 1 to the convective water conduction layer 5.

[0034] In addition, the bonding material 2 can be the metal plate of the thermally conductive support plate 3 itself. For example, the thermally conductive support plate 3 is made of an aluminum plate, which has a melting point less than 800 degrees and can be melted and bonded at about 660 degrees. When the aluminum plate of the thermally conductive support plate 3 is covered with micron / nano silicon particles 1, the aluminum plate can be heated to 661 degrees, and the micron / nano silicon particles 1 can be bonded to the aluminum plate of the thermally conductive support plate 3.

[0035] Among them, when the bonding material 2 adopts high thermal conductivity glue, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the high thermal conductivity glue is greater than 1W / (m·K), which not only ensures that the micron / nano silicon particles 1 can be firmly bonded to the thermal support plate 3 through the high thermal conductivity glue, but also does not affect the heat conduction of the micron / nano silicon particles 1 to the convective water conduction layer 5.

[0036] Furthermore, the heat-conducting support plate 3 is a metal plate. According to actual use requirements, the heat-conducting support plate 3 can be made of a single metal plate or an alloy metal plate, wherein the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting support plate 3 is greater than or equal to 5W / (m·K), thereby ensuring that the heat-conducting support plate 3 does not affect the heat conduction of the micron / nano silicon particles 1 to the convective water conduction layer 5. For example, the heat-conducting support plate 3 can be made of an aluminum plate, which has a melting point of less than 800 degrees and can be melted and bonded at about 660 degrees.

[0037] Furthermore, according to actual use requirements, a transparent insulating organic layer or a vacuum layer 8 with a pressure less than a specific pressure can be used in the transparent insulating layer 4, so as to ensure that sunlight penetrates the transparent insulating layer 4 and irradiates the micron / nano silicon particles 1 inside the convective water conduction layer 5, thereby realizing the conversion of solar energy into thermal energy, and ensuring that the heat of the heated convective water conduction layer 5 is lost to the outside as little as possible, thereby reducing heat loss.

[0038] When the vacuum layer 8 with a pressure less than the specific pressure is used in the transparent insulation layer 4, the specific pressure is 0.36 atmospheres, that is, the pressure of the vacuum layer 8 used in the transparent insulation layer 4 should be less than 0.36 atmospheres, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the solar water heater. The transparent insulation layer 4 is made of transparent high insulation material, such as silica gel, or PDMS with a lower thermal conductivity.

[0039] Furthermore, the convective water conduction layer 5 is water, so that the heat energy generated by the micron / nano silicon particles 1 absorbing sunlight is used to heat water, wherein the convective water conduction layer 5 plays a role similar to an anti-reflection film, which not only reduces the reflection of light, reduces the light reflection loss, improves the absorption of light, but also reduces the heat conduction loss. That is, the convective water conduction layer 5 is a layered space, and when in use, the space is filled with water, and the convective water conduction layer 5 is a movable water layer.

[0040] Furthermore, the tube core of the traditional solar water heater that absorbs sunlight is protected by glass on the outside, and the inside of the glass is a hollow cylindrical silicon tube core. The silicon tube core and the glass are evacuated, and the water is located inside the silicon tube core. Since light absorption occurs within a few microns of the silicon body surface, the highest temperature is the outer surface of the silicon body. In this way, the higher the temperature, the higher the heat radiation loss. At the same time, since there is a time when the vacuum is not completely evacuated between the glass and the silicon tube core, there is a small amount of air, and heat conduction loss occurs at the same time. Similarly, the outside of the traditional silicon tube core is relatively smooth, and the outside is a quasi-vacuum. The refractive index of the quasi-vacuum is about 1, and the refractive index of silicon is about 3.4. In this way, due to the law of reflection, when entering the silicon tube core from the quasi-vacuum, there will be a relatively large light reflection loss, which reduces the light and heat efficiency and wastes sunlight; at the same time, the silicon tube core is round, so when the sunlight is irradiated, half of the tube core tube will not receive the sunlight, which wastes silicon materials and increases costs. At the same time, the production of silicon tube cores requires relatively good silicon materials, which is relatively expensive; at the same time, the silicon tube core is smooth on the outside, the mirror reflection is serious, and the light reflection loss is relatively large.

[0041] Furthermore, the transparent inner cover 7 is made of a transparent high-insulation material, such as a silicone material, or a material with a lower thermal conductivity such as PDMS.

[0042] The low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater of the present invention, the heat-insulating water storage tank 6 includes a heat-insulating layer 61 and a water storage layer 62, and the water storage layer 62 is located inside the heat-insulating layer 61. Among them, the micron / nano silicon particles 1, the bonding material 2, the heat-conducting support plate 3, the transparent insulation layer 4, the convective water conduction layer 5 and the transparent inner cover 7 are all located at the lower part of the heat-insulating water storage tank 6, and the water storage layer 62 of the heat-insulating water storage tank 6 is connected to the convective water conduction layer 5. Among them, the convective water conduction layer 5 surrounds the micron / nano silicon particles 1, the bonding material 2 and the heat-conducting support plate 3. The transparent inner cover 7 wraps the micron / nano silicon particles 1, the bonding material 2, the heat-conducting support plate 3 and the convective water conduction layer 5. The transparent insulation layer 4 wraps the micron / nano silicon particles 1, the bonding material 2, the heat-conducting support plate 3, the convective water conduction layer 5 and the transparent inner cover 7.Since the micron / nano silicon particles 1 are wrapped with the convective water conduction layer 5, the micron / nano silicon particles 1 absorb most of the visible light and part of the infrared heat, and the convective water conduction layer 5 absorbs part of the infrared, so that the micron / nano silicon particles 1 with the highest temperature are surrounded by the convective water conduction layer 5, and the convective water conduction layer 5 has a transparent inner cover 7 outside. The transparent inner cover 7 can be glass with a refractive index of about 1.5, the refractive index of water is about 1.3, and the refractive index of silicon is about 3.4. In this way, the refractive index ranges from 1 of air to 1.3 of water, then to 1.5 of organic transparent materials, and then to about 3.4 of silicon. In the middle, it plays a role similar to an anti-reflection film to reduce light reflection. At the same time, it avoids the strong reflection loss of the existing silicon tube core of solar energy directly from the refractive index of air 1.0 to the refractive index of silicon 3.4; at the same time, the micron / nano silicon particles 1 with the highest temperature are surrounded by the convective water conduction layer 5 on the outside. When the heat is conducted to the outside through heat conduction, the water conduction layer 5 will be automatically heated, which reduces the heat conduction loss and increases the heat utilization; at the same time, the micron / nano silicon particles 1 with the highest temperature are surrounded by the convective water conduction layer 5 on the outside. When the heat is conducted to the outside through thermal radiation and heat conduction (because the vacuum layer 8 between the glass inner cover 7 and the transparent insulation layer 4 cannot be completely vacuum, no matter how much the vacuum degree is, there will always be a small amount of air, and there will always be a heat conduction effect) When the heat is applied to the heat transfer layer 5, it will be absorbed by the heated flowing water conduction layer 5, which reduces the heat radiation loss and improves the heat utilization rate. The front and back sides of the flowing water conduction layer 5 have water conduction. The front side of the flowing water conduction layer 5 has a high temperature. The heated water on the front side allows the water to convect upwards, while the back side has a low temperature, allowing the water to convect downwards. Since the flowing water conduction layer 5 is used as a partition, a temperature gradient difference will be generated. This temperature gradient difference is much larger than the temperature gradient difference of the water convecting upwards inside the traditional tube core, which increases the speed of convection, increases the speed of heating, and improves the thermal efficiency. At the same time, the micron / nano silicon particles 1 can be made by grinding silicon waste, and can use the scraps made from solar cells or use The silicon waste of used solar cells realizes the reuse of resources. During the production, the micron / nano silicon particles 1 and the heat-conducting support plate 3 are bonded by bonding materials. The production process is simple and the cost is low, and both the material and process are low-cost. The micron / nano silicon particles 1 are located on the front side of the heat-conducting support plate 3, and there are no micron / nano silicon particles 1 on the back side, which can make full use of the silicon material, avoid the waste of the back side silicon material of the traditional silicon tube core, and save silicon raw materials. At the same time, the micron / nano silicon particles 1 are bonded to the heat-conducting support plate 3. Since they are composed of particles, the surface is rough, which reduces the mirror reflection loss, improves the incident absorption of light, and reduces the light reflection loss.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, the working principle of the low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater of the present invention is as follows:

[0044] The sunlight irradiates from the front of the solar water heater. Since the temperature of the back of the flowing water conduction layer 5 is relatively low, the water in the heat preservation water storage 6 can flow downward along the back of the flowing water conduction layer 5. Then, since the temperature of the front of the flowing water conduction layer 5 is relatively high, the water is heated and rises on the front of the flowing water conduction layer 5. Then, the heated water enters the heat preservation water storage 6 through the front of the flowing water conduction layer 5 to complete the heating. Figure 2 The black bold arrow in the figure indicates the direction of water flow. Compared with the traditional tube type, the low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater of the present invention separates the rising and falling water flows, improves the efficiency, increases the speed of water flow, and improves the effect of heat conduction.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater, characterized in that: The invention comprises micron / nano silicon particles, a heat-conducting support plate, a transparent insulation layer, a convection water conduction layer, a heat-insulating water storage tank and a transparent inner cover, wherein the convection water conduction layer is arranged inside the transparent inner cover, and the transparent inner cover is arranged inside the transparent insulation layer; the heat-conducting support plate is arranged inside the convection water conduction layer, the micron / nano silicon particles are bonded to the heat-conducting support plate, and the convection water conduction layer is connected to the heat-insulating water storage tank.

2. The low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micron / nano silicon particles are silicon particles obtained by crushing silicon waste.

3. The low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bonding material, and the micron / nano silicon particles are bonded to the front side of the heat-conducting support plate through the bonding material.

4. The low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bonding material is a low melting point metal, the melting point of which is less than 800 degrees Celsius; or the bonding material is a high thermal conductivity adhesive, the thermal conductivity of which is greater than 1 W / (m·K).

5. The low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting support plate is a single metal plate or an alloy metal plate, and the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting support plate is greater than or equal to 5 W / (m·K).

6. The low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent heat-insulating layer contains a transparent heat-insulating organic layer or a vacuum layer with a pressure less than a specific pressure. When the transparent heat-insulating layer contains a vacuum layer with a pressure less than a specific pressure, the specific pressure is 0.36 atmospheres.

7. The low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The convective water conducting layer is water.

8. The low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thermal insulation water storage device comprises a thermal insulation layer and a water storage layer, wherein the water storage layer is located inside the thermal insulation layer.

9. The low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater according to claim 8, characterized in that: The micron / nano silicon particles, the bonding material, the heat-conducting support plate, the transparent insulation layer, the convective water conduction layer and the transparent inner cover are all located at the lower part of the thermal insulation water storage tank, and the water storage layer of the thermal insulation water storage tank is connected to the convective water conduction layer.

10. The low-cost, low-heat-loss, low-light-loss solar water heater according to claim 3, characterized in that: The convective water conduction layer surrounds the micron / nano silicon particles, the adhesive material and the thermally conductive support plate; the transparent inner cover wraps the micron / nano silicon particles, the adhesive material, the thermally conductive support plate and the convective water conduction layer; the transparent insulation layer wraps the micron / nano silicon particles, the adhesive material, the thermally conductive support plate, the convective water conduction layer and the transparent inner cover.

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