Bionic flow field sensor array inspired by mosquito antenna variable fulcrum cantilever structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by a mosquito antenna variable fulcrum cantilever structure. The bionic flow field sensor array comprises a central hard cantilever beam and bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam arrays sequentially arranged on the two sides of the central hard cantilever beam. The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam is connected to the central hard cantilever beam in a rigid-flexible coupling drawing and inserting manner; each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam comprises a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate and a conductive circuit; the conductive circuit is distributed on the surface of the variable-rigidity flexible elastic substrate and covers the whole variable-rigidity area; the bionic variable-fulcrum cantilever beam array simulates a rigid-flexible coupling structure of antennae of mosquitoes; and the rigidity of the bionic variable-fulcrum cantilever beam array is gradually reduced from the bottom end to the top end, so that deformation is allowed to be triggered under the action of airflow. The limitation of an existing flow field sensor on the detection range is solved, and the flow velocity detection range is expanded by reducing the lower detection limit and improving the upper detection limit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fluid sensors, and in particular to a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by a mosquito antennae variable fulcrum cantilever structure and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are some significant limitations in the detection domain of fluid flow rate sensors. These limitations are mainly reflected in two aspects: upper detection limit and lower detection limit.

[0003] In terms of the detection limit, existing flow velocity sensors often have difficulty in meeting the detection requirements of high-velocity airflows. This limitation makes it difficult for existing technologies to provide accurate and reliable data in some application scenarios that require monitoring of high-speed airflows. For example, in the fields of aviation and meteorological observation, accurate measurement of high-speed airflows is crucial for safety and research, but the performance of existing sensors often cannot meet these high requirements.

[0004] On the other hand, in terms of the detection limit, existing technologies also face the problem of being unable to meet the needs of weak airflow monitoring. This limitation is particularly prominent in some applications that require fine control or monitoring of tiny airflow changes. For example, in the fields of indoor air quality monitoring and precision instrument manufacturing, accurate detection of weak airflow is crucial, but the sensitivity of existing sensors is often not enough to capture these subtle changes.

[0005] These limitations make it difficult for existing flow field sensors to meet the needs of measuring wide-range fluid flow rates. In practical applications, we often need a sensor that can handle both high and low flow rates to adapt to different working environments and measurement requirements. However, existing technologies make it difficult to achieve such a wide range of detection capabilities in a single device.

[0006] In addition, existing flow field sensors often lack flexibility and adaptability in structural design. They usually use fixed structures and materials, which are difficult to adjust and optimize according to different application requirements. This rigid design method limits the application scope of the sensor and makes it difficult to meet the growing personalized and diversified needs.

[0007] Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae and a preparation method thereof are provided. The present invention solves the limitations of the existing flow field sensors in the detection range, and expands the range of flow velocity detection by lowering the lower detection limit and increasing the upper detection limit. The present application has the advantages of being able to realize wide-range fluid flow velocity measurement and having a flexible and adjustable structure.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: A bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-point cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, comprising: Central rigid cantilever beam, and a bionic variable-support cantilever beam array sequentially arranged on both sides of the central rigid cantilever beam; Each bionic variable-support cantilever beam of the bionic variable-support cantilever beam array is connected to the central hard cantilever beam in a rigid-flexible coupling plug-in manner; Each bionic variable-support cantilever beam comprises: a variable-rigidity flexible elastic substrate and a conductive circuit; the conductive circuit is distributed on the surface of the variable-rigidity flexible elastic substrate and covers the entire variable-rigidity region; The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array imitates the rigid-flexible coupling structure of mosquito antennae; and the rigidity of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array decreases step by step from the bottom to the top, so as to allow deformation to be induced respectively under the action of airflow.

[0010] The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-pivot cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, wherein the bionic variable-pivot cantilever beam arrays on both sides are symmetrically distributed, at least two, one on each side, and the detection limit of the overall sensor is achieved by adjusting the elastic modulus of a single bionic variable-pivot cantilever beam; The central rigid cantilever beam is made of copper, iron or stainless steel.

[0011] The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-pivot cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, wherein the bionic variable-pivot cantilever beam arrays on both sides are connected in parallel, and the conductive circuit of each bionic variable-pivot cantilever beam includes conductive ink, graphene or carbon nanotubes to ensure coverage of all stiffness alternating areas.

[0012] The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, wherein the preparation material of the variable-rigidity flexible elastic substrate includes polydimethylsiloxane, silica gel, and styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer.

[0013] The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, wherein the preparation material of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate achieves a change in elastic modulus by adjusting the component ratio, ensuring that the elastic modulus of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam at the top and the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam at the bottom differ by more than twice.

[0014] The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, wherein the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate is divided into three sections, from the bottom to the top of a single bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam: the first section is styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, the second section is polydimethylsiloxane, the polymerization ratio is 6:1, and the third section is polydimethylsiloxane, the polymerization ratio is 10:1.

[0015] The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-pivot cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, wherein the bionic variable-pivot cantilever beam array includes 24 bionic variable-pivot cantilever beams, 12 on each side, connected in parallel.

[0016] A method for preparing a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae-variable fulcrum cantilever structure as described in any one of the above, comprising the following steps: Using a variable stiffness flexible substrate as a substrate, distributing a conductive circuit on the surface of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate and covering the entire variable stiffness region, thereby preparing a plurality of bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beams; Providing a central rigid cantilever beam; Connecting a plurality of bionic variable-support cantilever beams in sequence along both sides of the central rigid cantilever beam by using a rigid-flexible coupling plug-in connection method, so that the bionic variable-support cantilever beam arrays on both sides are symmetrically distributed, thereby forming a bionic variable-support cantilever beam array with a rigid-flexible coupling structure that mimics mosquito antennae; A bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae was obtained.

[0017] The method for preparing the bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, wherein the material of the variable-rigidity flexible substrate is one or more of polydimethylsiloxane, silicone, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, photocurable resin, silicone rubber, iron, aluminum, aluminum alloy and the like.

[0018] The method for preparing the bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-pivot cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, wherein the conductive circuit can be one of conductive ink, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and conductive silver paste, and it should be attached to two sides or four sides of the bionic variable-pivot cantilever beam.

[0019] As can be seen from the above, the present application provides a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by mosquito antennae and a preparation method thereof, including a central hard cantilever beam and a bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array on both sides, which achieves sensitive detection of airflows with different flow rates by imitating the rigid-flexible coupling structure of mosquito antennae and adopting a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate and a conductive circuit design. This structural design solves the problem of the detection domain limitations of existing flow field sensors, can achieve wide-range fluid flow rate measurement, and has the advantages of flexible and adjustable structure, which can meet the needs of different application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the cantilever structure of mosquito antennae according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate of a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by a variable fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a conductive circuit of a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the cantilever structure of mosquito antennae in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the model structure of a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a SEM picture of the antennae of the biological prototype mosquito of the present invention and the rigid-flexible coupling connection mode of the trunk and branches of the mosquito antennae.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a nanoindentation test diagram of the elastic modulus of the trunk and branches of the antennae of the biological prototype mosquito of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a sensitivity curve of the bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae variable fulcrum cantilever structure in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a direction recognition data diagram of a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae variable fulcrum cantilever structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a response speed curve of the bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae variable fulcrum cantilever structure in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] The detection domain of the fluid flow velocity sensor in the prior art has certain defects, such as low detection upper limit, unable to detect high flow velocity airflow; high detection lower limit, unable to meet the weak airflow monitoring and a series of problems. Therefore, the existing flow field sensor is difficult to meet the wide range of fluid flow velocity measurement.

[0031] In order to overcome the limitations of existing technologies, such as Figure 1As shown in the embodiment of the present application, a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae cantilever structure comprises: The central rigid cantilever beam 100 and the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam arrays (such as Figure 1 200 area).

[0032] Each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam 200 of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array is connected to the central hard cantilever beam 100 by rigid-flexible coupling plug-in type; and each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam 200 includes: a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and a conductive circuit 204, such as Figure 3 As shown; the conductive circuit 204 is distributed on the surface of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and covers the entire variable stiffness area.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array in the embodiment of the present application imitates the rigid-flexible coupling structure of mosquito antennae; and the rigidity of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array decreases step by step from the bottom to the top, so as to allow deformation to be induced respectively under the action of airflow. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a SEM picture of the antennae of the biological prototype mosquito imitated by the present invention. Figure 5 The figure shows the rigid-flexible coupling connection between the mosquito antennae and branches. Figure 6 This is a nanoindentation test image of the antennae of a biological prototype mosquito imitated by the present invention. Figure 6 It can be seen that the elastic modulus and stiffness of mosquito antennae decrease from the main trunk to the branch trunk, which shows the variable stiffness characteristics of mosquito antennae.

[0034] The present invention aims at the obvious deficiencies of existing fluid flow rate sensors in detecting high flow rates and weak airflows. In order to address these problems, the present application proposes a bionic flow field sensor array based on the structure of mosquito antennae. By imitating the rigid-flexible coupling structure of mosquito antennae, the sensor can sensitively respond to airflows of different intensities in a wide range. Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the central hard cantilever beam 100 provides stable support, while the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam arrays on both sides realize the detection of airflows with different flow rates through the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205.

[0035] The central rigid cantilever beam 100 of the embodiment of the present application is made of copper, iron or stainless steel, for example, one of copper, steel and iron, which can ensure that the central rigid cantilever beam does not deform in the flow field, thereby ensuring the rigidity and stability of the structure. The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam 200 is fixed to the central rigid cantilever beam 100 by a rigid-flexible coupling plug-in connection method, thereby ensuring the overall stability of the sensor array. The variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam 200 is made of polydimethylsiloxane, silica gel or styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and the conductive circuit 204 is made of conductive ink, graphene or carbon nanotubes, thereby ensuring the conductivity and flexibility of the circuit.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the bionic flow field sensor array of the present application can detect the flow rate of a wide range of fluids by imitating the structure of mosquito antennae. Existing sensors are deficient in detecting high flow rates and weak airflows, and the present application combines a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 with a conductive circuit 204, so that the sensor can sensitively respond to airflows of different intensities, thereby improving the detection accuracy and range.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, by adopting a combination of a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and a conductive circuit 204, the bionic flow field sensor array of the present application can detect fluid flow rate in a wide range. The central hard cantilever beam 100 provides stable support, while the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam arrays on both sides realize the detection of airflows with different flow rates through the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205. The conductive circuit 204 is distributed on the surface of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205, covering the entire variable stiffness area, ensuring the conductivity and flexibility of the circuit. The stiffness of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array decreases step by step from the bottom to the top, so that the sensor can cause deformation respectively under the action of the airflow, thereby realizing sensitive detection of airflows with different flow rates.

[0038] The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam described in the embodiment of the present invention is a cantilever beam whose stiffness gradually decreases from the bottom to the end. Due to the different stiffness of the cantilever beam and the smaller stiffness at the top, it can be deformed by a weak airflow, thereby causing the resistance of the conductive circuit on it to change, thereby reducing the lower limit of sensor detection. The cantilever beam has a larger stiffness at the bottom, and can only be deformed when the airflow in the flow field is large, thereby increasing the upper limit of sensor detection.

[0039] Among them, the central rigid cantilever beam 100 described in the central rigid cantilever beam should have a stiffness greater than the maximum stiffness of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam sensor arrays on both sides, and its stiffness should not be deformed in the measured flow field. Preferably, the central rigid cantilever beam 100 is made of copper, iron or stainless steel to ensure the rigidity and stability of the sensor. The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam 200 is fixed to the central rigid cantilever beam 100 by a rigid-flexible coupling plug-in connection method to ensure the overall stability of the sensor array. The variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam 200 is made of polydimethylsiloxane, silica gel or styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and the conductive circuit 204 is made of conductive ink, graphene or carbon nanotubes to ensure the conductivity and flexibility of the circuit.

[0040] Therefore, the bionic flow field sensor array of the present application can detect fluid flow rate in a wide range by imitating the rigid-flexible coupling structure of mosquito antennae, overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art in detecting high flow rates and weak airflows, and improving the detection accuracy and range.

[0041] In a preferred implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, it is also proposed that the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam arrays on both sides are symmetrically distributed, at least two, one on each side, and the detection limit of the overall sensor is achieved by adjusting the elastic modulus of a single bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam. The central hard cantilever beam 100 is made of copper, iron or stainless steel, which has good mechanical strength and durability and can provide a stable support structure. By adjusting the elastic modulus of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam, the sensitivity and detection range of the sensor can be flexibly adjusted, thereby achieving effective detection of airflows of different flow rates.

[0042] For example, the elastic modulus of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam 200 can be achieved by changing the composition ratio of the material or using different processing techniques. Specifically, the elastic modulus of the cantilever beam can be adjusted by changing the ratio of polydimethylsiloxane, silicone or styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer. In addition, the material selection of the central hard cantilever beam 100 can also be optimized according to specific application requirements, such as selecting stainless steel in applications that require higher strength and selecting aluminum alloy in applications that require lighter weight.

[0043] Through the above technical solution, the present application provides a bionic flow field sensor array that can flexibly adjust the detection range. Compared with the prior art, the sensor array has better performance in terms of detection upper and lower limits, and can effectively solve the shortcomings of the existing flow field sensors in detecting high-velocity airflow and weak airflow, thereby achieving accurate measurement of wide-range fluid flow rate.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the elastic modulus of the central rigid cantilever beam should be greater than the elastic modulus of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beams on both sides, and no deformation should occur in the measured flow field.

[0045] In a preferred implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, it is also proposed that the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam arrays on both sides are connected in parallel, and the conductive circuit 204 of each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam includes conductive ink, graphene or carbon nanotubes to ensure that all stiffness alternating areas are covered.

[0046] The technical solution of this application aims to solve the defects of existing flow field sensors in the detection domain, especially the problems of low upper detection limit and high lower detection limit. By adopting a parallel connection method, each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam can independently respond to changes in airflow, thereby improving the sensitivity and detection range of the overall sensor.

[0047] Specifically, the conductive circuit 204 of each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam is made of conductive ink, graphene or carbon nanotubes. These materials have excellent conductivity and mechanical flexibility, and can effectively cover all stiffness alternating regions, ensuring that the sensor can accurately detect airflow changes in different stiffness regions. The use of conductive ink, graphene and carbon nanotubes provides a variety of possible implementation methods. For example, conductive ink can be coated on the surface of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam by spraying or printing, and graphene and carbon nanotubes can be combined with a flexible substrate by coating or compounding.

[0048] The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam arrays on both sides are connected in parallel, which means that multiple bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beams work together to bear the same load. If a single beam is under pressure, its load will be distributed to all parallel beams, thereby improving the overall load-bearing capacity and stability.

[0049] Therefore, the present application significantly improves the detection performance of the bionic flow field sensor array through innovative parallel connection methods and excellent conductive material selection, and can effectively solve the problems of low upper detection limit and high lower detection limit existing in the prior art.

[0050] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present application also propose that the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 has at least two components, and the substrate material may be one or more of polydimethylsiloxane, silicone, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, photocurable resin, silicone rubber, iron, aluminum, aluminum alloy and other materials. Preferably, the preparation materials of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 include polydimethylsiloxane, silicone, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer.

[0051] The variable rigidity flexible elastic substrate 205 of the present application is realized by selecting specific materials, and these materials include polydimethylsiloxane, silica gel and styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer. The selection of these materials is based on their flexibility and elastic properties, so that deformation can be effectively induced under the action of airflow. Specifically, polydimethylsiloxane has excellent elasticity and weather resistance, silica gel has good flexibility and heat resistance, and styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer has high strength and good elastic modulus. The combined use of these materials can achieve a rigidity change that decreases step by step from the bottom to the top, thereby imitating the rigid-flexible coupling structure of mosquito antennae.

[0052] These materials can be prepared by different methods. For example, the elastic modulus of polydimethylsiloxane can be changed by adjusting the crosslinking degree of the polymer, or the stiffness of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer can be adjusted by changing the monomer ratio. These methods can achieve the desired variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 to ensure the sensitivity and responsiveness of the sensor array under different airflow conditions.

[0053] By adopting the above materials and preparation methods, the present application can effectively solve the problems of low upper detection limit and high lower detection limit in the prior art. As a result, the bionic flow field sensor array can achieve high-precision detection in a wide range of fluid flow rates, greatly improving the applicability and reliability of the sensor. This design not only improves the performance of the sensor, but also provides a new solution for fluid flow rate detection.

[0054] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also proposes to achieve a change in elastic modulus by adjusting the component ratio of the variable-rigidity flexible elastic substrate 205, thereby ensuring that the elastic modulus of the bionic variable-fulcrum cantilever beam at the top and the bionic variable-fulcrum cantilever beam at the bottom differ by more than twice.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application relates to a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable pivot cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, which includes a central hard cantilever beam 100 and a bionic variable pivot cantilever beam array sequentially arranged on both sides of the central hard cantilever beam 100. Each bionic variable pivot cantilever beam of the bionic variable pivot cantilever beam array adopts a rigid-flexible coupling plug-in type (such as Figure 4 10 is a rigid-flexible coupling connection position) connected to the central rigid cantilever beam 100, and each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam includes a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and a conductive circuit 204. The conductive circuit 204 is distributed on the surface of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and covers the entire variable stiffness area. Figure 4The serpentine conductive circuit 204 shown is made of conductive ink. The bionic variable pivot cantilever beam array imitates the rigid-flexible coupling structure of mosquito antennae, and the rigidity of the bionic variable pivot cantilever beam array decreases step by step from the bottom to the top, so as to allow deformation to be induced respectively under the action of airflow.

[0056] In the present application, the materials used to prepare the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 include polydimethylsiloxane, silica gel, and styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer. By adjusting the composition ratio of these materials, the change of elastic modulus is achieved, thereby ensuring that the elastic modulus of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam at the top and the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam at the bottom differ by more than one times. For example, different polymerization ratios of polydimethylsiloxane can significantly affect its elastic modulus, thereby achieving a step-by-step stiffness change of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205.

[0057] In this way, the present application provides an effective means to solve the deficiencies of existing flow field sensors in detecting high-velocity airflow and weak airflow. Specifically, by adjusting the material composition ratio of the variable-rigidity flexible elastic substrate 205, the elastic modulus of the bionic variable-fulcrum cantilever beam can be effectively controlled, thereby achieving flow velocity detection in a wider range. Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application can better adapt to the airflow detection requirements under different flow velocity conditions, and significantly improve the detection performance of the flow field sensor.

[0058] Furthermore, because the detection domain of the current fluid flow velocity sensor has certain defects, such as low detection upper limit, unable to detect high flow velocity airflow; high detection lower limit, unable to meet the weak airflow monitoring and other problems. Therefore, the existing flow field sensor is difficult to meet the wide range of fluid flow velocity measurement. Therefore, the existing technology needs to be improved and developed.

[0059] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the present invention application provides a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, including a central hard cantilever beam 100, and a bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array sequentially arranged on both sides of the central hard cantilever beam 100. Each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array is connected to the central hard cantilever beam 100 by rigid-flexible coupling plug-in type, and each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam includes a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and a conductive circuit 204. The conductive circuit 204 is distributed on the surface of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and covers the entire variable stiffness area. The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array imitates the rigid-flexible coupling structure of mosquito antennae, and the stiffness of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array decreases step by step from the bottom to the top, which is used to allow deformation to be induced separately under the action of airflow. The preparation materials of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 include polydimethylsiloxane, silica gel, and styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer. The material of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 achieves a change in elastic modulus by adjusting the component ratio, ensuring that the elastic modulus of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam at the top and the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam at the bottom differ by more than one time.

[0060] The embodiment of the present application also proposes that the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 is divided into three sections, from the bottom to the top of the single bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam: the first section 201 of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate is styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, the second section 202 is polydimethylsiloxane, and the polymerization ratio is 6:1; the third section 203 is polydimethylsiloxane, and the polymerization ratio is 10:1.

[0061] The solution of the embodiment of the present application adopts a design in which the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 is divided into three sections, thereby solving the problem that the flow field sensor in the prior art is difficult to meet the requirements of wide-range fluid flow rate measurement.

[0062] The technical solution of the present application divides the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 into three sections, with different materials and polymerization ratios in different sections, so as to achieve a gradual reduction in stiffness from the bottom to the top. This design enables the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam to cause deformation under the action of airflow, thereby improving the sensitivity and detection range of the sensor.

[0063] Furthermore, the technical solution of the present application is to divide the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 into three sections, the first section is styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, the second section is polydimethylsiloxane, the polymerization ratio is 6:1, and the third section is polydimethylsiloxane, the polymerization ratio is 10:1. The materials and polymerization ratios of different sections are different, so that the stiffness is gradually reduced from the bottom to the top.

[0064] In addition, in a further embodiment of the present invention, the three-segment design of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 can be realized in a variety of ways, for example, by accurately adjusting the composition ratio of the material to ensure that the elastic modulus of each segment meets the design requirements. In addition, different preparation processes, such as mold forming or 3D printing, can be used to ensure that the material distribution and structure of each segment of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 meet the design specifications.

[0065] Furthermore, the technical solution of the present application divides the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 into three sections, with different materials and polymerization ratios in different sections, so as to achieve a step-by-step reduction in stiffness from the bottom to the top. This design improves the sensitivity and detection range of the sensor under different flow rates, and solves the problem that flow field sensors in the prior art are difficult to meet the requirements of wide-range fluid flow rate measurement. Therefore, the present application provides a more efficient and sensitive bionic flow field sensor array.

[0066] In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the present application also proposes that the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array includes 24 bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beams, 12 on each side, connected in parallel. It can effectively detect external airflow, and at the same time, use bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam sensors with different elastic moduli to increase the upper detection limit and reduce the lower detection limit.

[0067] The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array of the present application imitates the rigid-flexible coupling structure of mosquito antennae. The central hard cantilever beam 100 provides stable support, and the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam arrays on both sides are connected to the central hard cantilever beam 100 by rigid-flexible coupling plug-in type, thereby achieving structural stability and flexibility. Each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam includes a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and a conductive circuit 204. The conductive circuit 204 is distributed on the surface of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and covers the entire variable stiffness area. By adjusting the elastic modulus of a single bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam, the detection limit of the overall sensor can be achieved, thereby adapting to the detection requirements of airflows with different flow rates. Figure 3 As shown, the conductive circuit 204 may be composed of graphene and carbon nanotubes.

[0068] Specifically, the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array includes 24 bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beams, 12 on each side, connected in parallel. The conductive circuit 204 of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam may include conductive ink, graphene or carbon nanotubes to ensure that all stiffness alternating regions are covered. In addition, the preparation material of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 may include polydimethylsiloxane, silica gel, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, etc., and the change of elastic modulus is achieved by adjusting the proportion of the components to ensure that the elastic modulus of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam at the top and the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam at the bottom differ by more than one times.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array can be composed of bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam sensors with different elastic moduli to achieve a large detection range of airflow velocity.

[0070] The experimental data and results of the bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae cantilever structure of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: Figure 7 , Figure 8 ,and Fig. 9 As shown, Figure 7 It is a sensitivity curve of the bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae variable fulcrum cantilever structure in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a direction recognition data diagram of a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae variable fulcrum cantilever structure in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 It is a response speed curve of the bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae variable fulcrum cantilever structure in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] As can be seen from the above, this application realizes the detection of wide-range fluid flow rate through the design of bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array, overcoming the problem of low upper detection limit and high lower detection limit in the prior art. The rigid-flexible coupling structure and elastic modulus adjustment of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam enable the sensor to adapt to the detection requirements of airflows with different flow rates, improving the accuracy and range of detection.

[0072] In a preferred implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, the bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae in the embodiment of the present application also optimizes the bionic variable-fulcrum cantilever beam structure.

[0073] Specifically, the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam is set as a multi-layer composite material substrate, which is composed of a high-strength carbon fiber core, a gradient pore polyurethane foam layer, and an outer anti-corrosion fluorinated polymer coating from the inside to the outside. The carbon fiber core provides basic strength, the foam layer provides gradient stiffness, and the outer coating is anti-corrosion.

[0074] Piezoelectric nanomaterials (such as PZT nanowires) are added to the foam layer to achieve pressure adaptation. When the external pressure increases, the foam compression causes the PZT nanowires to generate voltage, which adjusts the substrate stiffness through the feedback circuit to maintain sensitivity.

[0075] A spiral graphene conductive path is designed on the surface of the bionic variable-pivot cantilever beam to increase the deformation sensitive area. At the same time, magnetic nanoparticles are embedded in the spiral gap to provide auxiliary measurement signals through the Hall effect.

[0076] In this way, in a weak flow field, the soft outer foam layer deforms, and the resistance change of the spiral graphene provides the main signal. Under a strong flow field, the rigid carbon fiber core deforms, and the displacement of the magnetic particles produces a Hall effect signal. When the pressure changes, the PZT nanowire generates voltage, and the stiffness of the foam layer is adjusted through feedback to maintain the overall sensitivity. This multi-level, multi-signal design greatly expands the applicability and reliability of the sensor in complex deep-sea environments.

[0077] It can be applied to deep-sea current field measurement in marine environment monitoring. In deep-sea environment, the current field varies greatly, from weak deep ocean currents to strong surface ocean currents, requiring sensors with high sensitivity and wide range.

[0078] Based on the bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae cantilever structure, a method for preparing the bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae cantilever structure is provided, comprising the following steps: S100, using a variable stiffness flexible substrate as a substrate, distributing a conductive circuit 204 on the surface of a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and covering the entire variable stiffness region, thereby preparing a plurality of bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beams; S200, providing a central rigid cantilever beam; S300, plugging a plurality of bionic variable-pivot cantilever beams in sequence along both sides of the central hard cantilever beam by using a rigid-flexible coupling plug-in connection method, so that the bionic variable-pivot cantilever beam arrays on both sides are symmetrically distributed, thereby forming a bionic variable-pivot cantilever beam array with a rigid-flexible coupling structure that mimics mosquito antennae; S400, obtain a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae.

[0079] The method of the embodiment of the present application aims to solve the defects existing in the detection domain of the existing fluid flow rate sensor, such as the low detection upper limit, which cannot detect high flow rate airflow; the high detection lower limit, which cannot meet the weak airflow monitoring and other problems. By adopting the combination of the variable stiffness flexible substrate and the conductive circuit 204, the wide-range fluid flow rate measurement can be achieved.

[0080] Specifically, the variable stiffness flexible substrate material may include one or more materials such as polydimethylsiloxane, silicone, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, photocurable resin, silicone rubber, aluminum, aluminum alloy, etc. One of the materials can achieve a change in elastic modulus by changing the component ratio, and these materials can achieve a change in elastic modulus by adjusting the component ratio, ensuring that the elastic modulus of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam at the top and the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam at the bottom differ by more than one times. The conductive circuit 204 may be one or more of conductive ink, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and conductive silver paste, attached to both sides or four sides of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam, and the attached area should cover all stiffness alternating areas to ensure that all stiffness alternating areas are covered.

[0081] Therefore, the present application prepares a variable-rigidity flexible substrate and distributes the conductive circuit 204 on its surface, adopts a rigid-flexible coupling plug-in connection method, and symmetrically distributes the bionic variable-fulcrum cantilever beam array on both sides of the central hard cantilever beam to form a sensor array that mimics mosquito antennae. This method can not only measure the flow rate of a wide range of fluids, but also adjust the elastic modulus of a single bionic variable-fulcrum cantilever beam to adjust the detection limit of the overall sensor, solving the problem of low upper detection limit and high lower detection limit in the prior art.

[0082] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present application also propose that the material of the variable stiffness flexible substrate is one or more of polydimethylsiloxane, silicone, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, photocurable resin, silicone rubber, iron, aluminum, aluminum alloy and the like.

[0083] The material selection of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 described in this embodiment is crucial to the performance of the bionic flow field sensor array. By using materials such as polydimethylsiloxane, silica gel, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, light-cured resin, silicone rubber, iron, aluminum, aluminum alloy, etc., different elastic moduli can be achieved, so that the sensor array can maintain good response performance in a wide flow rate range. These materials can be used alone or in combination to achieve more complex performance requirements.

[0084] The material of the variable stiffness flexible substrate can be prepared and adjusted in a variety of ways. For example, polydimethylsiloxane can change its elastic modulus by adjusting its polymerization ratio; silicone and light-curable resin can achieve different mechanical properties by changing their composition and curing conditions; styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer can obtain the desired elastic properties by adjusting its molecular structure. Metal materials such as iron, aluminum, and aluminum alloys can achieve the desired stiffness and flexibility properties through processes such as mechanical processing and heat treatment.

[0085] The variable stiffness flexible substrate material used in this application can significantly improve the detection capability of the bionic flow field sensor array, especially the detection performance in a wide flow rate range. Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application can not only solve the problem of low upper detection limit and high lower detection limit, but also realize accurate monitoring of weak airflow, thereby improving the overall performance and application range of the sensor.

[0086] Furthermore, another method embodiment of the present application also proposes that the conductive circuit 204 can be one of conductive ink, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and conductive silver paste, which should be attached to two sides or four sides of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam.

[0087] The present application relates to a method for preparing a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae. Specifically, firstly, a variable stiffness flexible substrate is used as a substrate, and a conductive circuit 204 is distributed on the surface of a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205, and covers the entire variable stiffness area, to prepare a plurality of bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beams. Then, a central hard cantilever beam is provided, and a plurality of bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beams are sequentially plugged in along both sides of the central hard cantilever beam using a rigid-flexible coupling plug-in connection method, so that the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam arrays on both sides are symmetrically distributed, forming a bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array with a rigid-flexible coupling structure that mimics mosquito antennae.

[0088] The material selection of the conductive circuit 204 is a key step. According to the present application, the conductive circuit 204 can be made of one of conductive ink, graphene, carbon nanotubes or conductive silver paste. These materials have good conductivity and adhesion, and can effectively cover two or four sides of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam, thereby ensuring the sensitivity and stability of the sensor array.

[0089] By using the above-mentioned conductive material, the present application can achieve high-precision detection of fluid flow rate, especially in wide-range fluid flow rate measurement. The technical solution of the present application achieves high sensitivity and wide detection range of the sensor array by imitating the structure of mosquito antennae, overcoming the shortcomings of existing flow field sensors in terms of low upper detection limit and high lower detection limit. Therefore, the present application has significant advantages in improving the performance of flow field sensors.

[0090] In summary, the present application provides a bionic flow field sensor array, which can detect fluid flow rate in a wide range by imitating the rigid-flexible coupling structure of mosquito antennae. The bionic flow field sensor array includes a central rigid cantilever beam and a bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array arranged on both sides thereof in sequence. Each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam is connected to the central rigid cantilever beam by a rigid-flexible coupling plug-in type, and includes a variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and a conductive circuit 204, and the conductive circuit 204 is distributed on the surface of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate 205 and covers the entire variable stiffness area. The stiffness of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array decreases step by step from the bottom to the top, which is used to allow deformation to be induced separately under the action of airflow.

[0091] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0092] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For ordinary technicians in this field, improvements or changes can be made based on the above description. All these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the cantilever structure of mosquito antennae, characterized in that: include: Central rigid cantilever beam, and a bionic variable-support cantilever beam array sequentially arranged on both sides of the central rigid cantilever beam; Each bionic variable-support cantilever beam of the bionic variable-support cantilever beam array is connected to the central hard cantilever beam in a rigid-flexible coupling plug-in manner; Each bionic variable-support cantilever beam comprises: a variable-rigidity flexible elastic substrate and a conductive circuit; the conductive circuit is distributed on the surface of the variable-rigidity flexible elastic substrate and covers the entire variable-rigidity region; The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array imitates the rigid-flexible coupling structure of mosquito antennae; and the rigidity of the bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array decreases step by step from the bottom to the top, so as to allow deformation to be induced respectively under the action of airflow.

2. The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae-variable fulcrum cantilever structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam arrays on both sides are symmetrically distributed, with at least two, one on each side, and the detection limit of the overall sensor is achieved by adjusting the elastic modulus of a single bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam; The central rigid cantilever beam is made of copper, iron or stainless steel.

3. The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae-variable fulcrum cantilever structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam arrays on both sides are connected in parallel, and the conductive circuit of each bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam includes conductive ink, graphene or carbon nanotubes to ensure that all stiffness alternating areas are covered.

4. The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae-variable fulcrum cantilever structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials used to prepare the variable-rigidity flexible elastic substrate include polydimethylsiloxane, silica gel, and styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer.

5. The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae-variable fulcrum cantilever structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material for preparing the variable-rigidity flexible elastic substrate achieves a change in elastic modulus by adjusting the component ratio, ensuring that the elastic modulus of the bionic variable-fulcrum cantilever beam at the top and the bionic variable-fulcrum cantilever beam at the bottom differ by more than one time.

6. The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae-variable fulcrum cantilever structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate is divided into three sections, from the bottom to the top of the single bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam: the first section is styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, the second section is polydimethylsiloxane with a polymerization ratio of 6:1, and the third section is polydimethylsiloxane with a polymerization ratio of 10:

1.

7. The bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae-variable fulcrum cantilever structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beam array includes 24 bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beams, 12 on each side, which are connected in parallel.

8. A method for preparing a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae-changing fulcrum cantilever structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Using a variable stiffness flexible substrate as a substrate, distributing a conductive circuit on the surface of the variable stiffness flexible elastic substrate and covering the entire variable stiffness region, thereby preparing a plurality of bionic variable fulcrum cantilever beams; Providing a central rigid cantilever beam; Connecting a plurality of bionic variable-support cantilever beams in sequence along both sides of the central rigid cantilever beam by using a rigid-flexible coupling plug-in connection method, so that the bionic variable-support cantilever beam arrays on both sides are symmetrically distributed, thereby forming a bionic variable-support cantilever beam array with a rigid-flexible coupling structure that mimics mosquito antennae; A bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the variable-fulcrum cantilever structure of mosquito antennae was obtained.

9. The method for preparing a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae-changing fulcrum cantilever structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The material of the variable-rigidity flexible substrate is one or more of polydimethylsiloxane, silica gel, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, light-curable resin, silicone rubber, iron, aluminum, and aluminum alloy materials.

10. The method for preparing a bionic flow field sensor array inspired by the mosquito antennae-changing fulcrum cantilever structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The conductive circuit can be one of conductive ink, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and conductive silver paste, and should be attached to two sides or four sides of the bionic variable-support cantilever beam.

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