Fault monitoring method and device for power grid and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault monitoring method and device for a power grid and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps of collecting operation parameters of a generator and electrical equipment in each monitoring point of the power grid; extracting operation characteristics related to the fault from the operation parameters; detecting operation states of the generator and the electrical equipment according to the operation characteristics; if the operation state is a fault, identifying the type of the fault according to the operation parameters; positioning the distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point in the power grid; according to the distance, the positions of the generator and the electrical equipment with faults are positioned; influence information is generated for the generator and the electrical equipment under the fault according to the operation parameters; and aggregating the type, the position and the influence information into fault content to be published. According to the embodiment of the invention, multi-dimensional information such as types, positions and influence information is provided for the faults, so that operation and maintenance personnel can identify and position the faults more quickly, the accuracy of fault diagnosis is effectively improved, repair measures are taken quickly, and the fault processing time is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric power technology, and in particular to a method, device and storage medium for monitoring faults of a power grid. Background Art

[0002] A monitoring system is configured in the power grid, which covers the entire process of power generation, transmission, transformation, distribution and consumption. Through sensors installed at key nodes of the power grid, key parameters such as voltage, current, frequency, temperature, etc. are collected. These parameters are transmitted to the monitoring center for analysis and processing to diagnose whether there is any fault in the power grid.

[0003] However, this method often relies on the monitoring of a single parameter, such as judging the status of electrical equipment only by changes in current or voltage, which is easily affected by external interference, resulting in low accuracy of fault diagnosis. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method, a device and a storage medium for monitoring faults of a power grid, so as to improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis of the power grid.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring faults in a power grid, comprising:

[0006] Collect operating parameters of generators and electrical equipment at various monitoring points in the power grid;

[0007] extracting operating characteristics related to the fault from the operating parameters;

[0008] detecting the operating status of the generator and the electrical equipment according to the operating characteristics;

[0009] If the operating state is a fault, identifying the type of the fault according to the operating parameters;

[0010] locating the distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point in the power grid;

[0011] Locating the positions of the generator and the electrical equipment where the fault occurs according to the distance;

[0012] generating, according to the operating parameters, impact information on the generator and the electrical equipment under the fault;

[0013] The type, the location, and the impact information are aggregated into the content of the fault and published.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a fault monitoring device for a power grid, comprising:

[0015] An operating parameter collection module is used to collect operating parameters of generators and electrical equipment at various monitoring points in the power grid;

[0016] An operation feature extraction module, used to extract operation features related to the fault from the operation parameters;

[0017] An operating status detection module, used to detect the operating status of the generator and the electrical equipment according to the operating characteristics;

[0018] a fault type identification module, configured to identify the type of the fault according to the operating parameters if the operating state is a fault;

[0019] A fault distance locating module, used for locating the distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point in the power grid;

[0020] A fault location positioning module, used for locating the position of the generator and the electrical equipment where the fault occurs according to the distance;

[0021] An impact information generating module, used for generating impact information on the generator and the electrical equipment under the fault according to the operating parameters;

[0022] The fault publishing module is used to aggregate the type, the location and the impact information into the content of the fault for publishing.

[0023] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0024] at least one processor; and

[0025] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0026] The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the fault monitoring method for the power grid as described in the first aspect above.

[0027] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the fault monitoring method for a power grid as described in the first aspect above.

[0028] A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for monitoring faults in a power grid as described in the first aspect above is implemented.

[0029] In this embodiment, operating parameters of generators and electrical equipment are collected at various monitoring points in the power grid; operating characteristics related to faults are extracted from the operating parameters; the operating status of generators and electrical equipment is detected based on the operating characteristics; if the operating status is a fault, the type of fault is identified based on the operating parameters; the distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point is located in the power grid; the location of the faulty generator and electrical equipment is located based on the distance; impact information is generated for the generator and electrical equipment under the fault based on the operating parameters; the type, location and impact information are aggregated into the content of the fault and published. This embodiment provides multi-dimensional information such as type, location and impact information for the fault, reduces the dependence on a single parameter, facilitates operation and maintenance personnel to identify and locate the fault more quickly, effectively improves the accuracy of fault diagnosis, and thus quickly takes repair measures and reduces fault handling time.

[0030] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a fault monitoring method for a power grid provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fault monitoring device for a power grid provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can cover sequential implementations other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] See also Figure 1 , shows a flow chart of a method for monitoring a fault in a power grid provided by a first embodiment of the present invention, the method can be executed by a fault monitoring device for a power grid, the fault monitoring device for a power grid can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software, and the fault monitoring device for a power grid can be configured in an electronic device. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0039] Step 101: Collect operating parameters of generators and electrical equipment at various monitoring points in the power grid.

[0040] In the power grid, monitoring points can be arranged for generators and other key electrical equipment such as transformers, circuit breakers, busbars, etc., and sensors such as current transformers, voltage transformers, temperature sensors, vibration sensors, etc. can be installed at the monitoring points, so that the generators and electrical equipment can collect corresponding operating parameters, such as current, voltage, frequency, temperature, vibration parameters, etc., to ensure that the status changes of the generators and electrical equipment can be captured.

[0041] The collected operating parameters are transmitted to the monitoring center through a stable communication network, and pre-processed by time synchronization, filtering and denoising to ensure the data quality of the operating parameters.

[0042] Step 102: extracting operating features related to the fault from the operating parameters.

[0043] In this embodiment, machine learning or deep learning methods may be used to project the operating parameters into the vector space of the fault, and features related to the fault may be extracted from the operating parameters and recorded as operating features.

[0044] In one approach, the following formula can be used to quickly arrange and widen the grid generation characteristics by using a two-tier scheduling and spectrum cycle automatic detection mode:

[0045]

[0046] Where T is the characteristic arrangement width, I 平 is the average value of the current, EX is the spectrum period, γ is the weight, and m is the number of currents.

[0047] Substitute the characteristic arrangement and expansion into the following formula, and use the multi-parameter data fusion fault diagnosis technology to calculate the upper limit of the power of the power grid:

[0048]

[0049] Among them, E(X) is the upper limit of power, T is the characteristic arrangement width, I 平 is the average value of the current, EX is the spectrum period, γ is the weight, and m is the number of currents.

[0050] Due to the large number of characteristics of the power grid, in order to achieve rapid analysis and identification, the upper limit of the power is substituted into the following formula, and the expert library recognition scheme based on artificial intelligence is used to calculate the distribution range of the power of the power grid:

[0051]

[0052] Among them, z is the distribution interval of power, E(X) is the upper limit of power, I 平 is the average value of the current, m is the amount of current, τ -1 / 2 It is the spectrum data of the load side under the power balance of the power grid.

[0053] Substitute the power distribution range into the following formula, determine the fuzzy parameter set of the power grid distribution according to the total power detection and analysis of the total unit of the system, and calculate the fault parameters of the power grid by combining the multi-parameter fusion method:

[0054]

[0055] Where k(x) is the fault parameter, x(t) is the value of the fault parameter at time t, and z is the power distribution interval;

[0056] Substitute the fault parameters into the following formula and use the state space fusion technology to calculate the operation characteristics of the power grid:

[0057]

[0058] Where D is the operating characteristic, X is the set of fault parameters, x(t) is the value of the fault parameter at time t, k(t) is the penalty coefficient at time t, and z is the power distribution interval.

[0059] In this way, the accuracy and efficiency of extracting fault-related operating features can be guaranteed, laying the foundation for rapid fault analysis and detection.

[0060] Step 103: Detect the operating status of the generator and the electrical equipment according to the operating characteristics.

[0061] In this embodiment, the power grid can be monitored in real time according to the operating characteristics, the operating status of the generator and other electrical equipment can be monitored in real time, and faults can be discovered in time.

[0062] In a specific implementation, the normal operating range representing the operating characteristics can be queried. The operating range can be set according to factors such as equipment type, historical fluctuation range of operating characteristics, and empirical knowledge, and may include an upper threshold and a lower threshold.

[0063] The sliding average method and other methods are used to detect the change amplitude of the operating characteristics, which makes it easier to determine whether the operating characteristics show abnormal trends, such as a sharp rise or a sharp fall.

[0064] If the operating characteristics exceed the operating range, or the change amplitude is greater than the preset change threshold, the operating status of the generator and electrical equipment is determined to be a fault, and an abnormal alarm is triggered.

[0065] Step 104: If the operating state is a fault, the type of the fault is identified based on the operating parameters.

[0066] When it is confirmed that a generator or electrical equipment fault has occurred, expert systems, machine learning, deep learning and other algorithms can be used to analyze the changes in electrical quantities in the operating parameters at the time of the fault, thereby identifying the type of fault, such as internal generator fault (such as short circuit), transformer fault, line fault, etc.

[0067] In a specific implementation, the operating parameters include current, voltage and action information of the relay protector, wherein the action information of the relay protector includes overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, overload, etc., which can be used as a fault indicator.

[0068] On the one hand, the current and voltage can be converted from the time domain to the frequency domain using methods such as Fourier transform. In the frequency domain, the first characteristic information on the waveform can be extracted from the current and voltage respectively, such as spectrum distribution, harmonic content, phase angle difference, etc.

[0069] On the other hand, in the time domain, second feature information in the time domain, such as mean, variance, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, etc., is extracted from the current and voltage respectively.

[0070] The first feature information, the second feature information and the action information are input into a preset support vector machine (SVM) to identify the type of fault.

[0071] Step 105: Locate the distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point in the power grid.

[0072] When it is confirmed that the generator and electrical equipment have failed, the judgment conditions for locating the fault area of ​​the transmission line can be set, and the coefficient voltage amplitude can be used to complete the automatic distance measurement of the fault location. Combined with the operating parameters of the generator and electrical equipment, the distance between the fault location and the nearest monitoring point can be calculated.

[0073] If the fault area is divided into two parts, the length ratio is defined as y:(1-y), where 0≤y≤1; the line impedance of this area is set to Z lm , analyze the fault component positive sequence network number, define Z l and Z m are the equivalent impedances at both ends of the fault region. For node l and node m, they all follow Kirchhoff's current law (KCL), then:

[0074]

[0075] in, It indicates that the node l and the node m constitute the positive sequence fault voltage vector of the faulty area, and y indicates the length of the faulty area.

[0076] Since the location of the fault area in the power grid can be achieved by obtaining the voltage amplitude information of each node, the distance of the fault in the power grid transmission line can be determined by using the voltage amplitude information.

[0077] In a specific implementation, nodes at both ends of a region where a fault occurs (ie, node 1 and node m) are determined in the power grid, and equivalent impedances at both ends of the region where the fault occurs are calculated.

[0078] In the reconstruction of Kirchhoff's current law, it is determined whether the nodes corresponding to the two elements with the largest values ​​are the nodes at both ends of the fault area.

[0079] If so, the positive sequence fault voltage vector of each node in the power grid is calculated to obtain the voltage amplitude of each node in the power grid, and the voltage amplitude between the nodes at both ends of the fault area is located in the voltage amplitude of each node in the power grid.

[0080] The distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point is calculated based on the voltage amplitude and equivalent impedance of the fault area.

[0081] If not, return to perform the next reconstruction, that is, in the reconstruction of Kirchhoff's current law, determine whether the nodes corresponding to the two elements with the largest values ​​are the nodes at both ends of the faulty area, until the nodes at both ends of the faulty area are located.

[0082] In this embodiment, fault distance measurement can be automated, which reduces the process of manual intervention and improves the speed and accuracy of distance measurement, and can quickly provide key information, especially when dealing with complex faults.

[0083] Step 106: Locate the location of the faulty generator and electrical equipment based on the distance.

[0084] In this embodiment, the location of the faulty generator and electrical equipment can be located in the power grid based on the distance.

[0085] In a specific implementation, the topology of the power grid can be queried. If the topology is regarded as a graph, the operating parameters and distances are substituted into the shortest path model based on graph theory in the topology to calculate the locations of faulty generators and electrical equipment.

[0086] Among them, the shortest path model based on graph theory is expressed as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, d(v,w) is the shortest path (length) from vertex v to vertex w, P(v,w) is all paths from order v to vertex w, and w(e) is the weight of edge e.

[0089] In this embodiment, the fault is located by coordinating the static topological structure and dynamic operating parameters of the power grid, which can effectively improve the accuracy of fault location.

[0090] Step 107: Generate impact information on the generator and electrical equipment under fault conditions according to the operating parameters.

[0091] In this embodiment, the impact information on the generator and electrical equipment under the fault can be generated according to the operating parameters at the time of the fault, such as the degree of equipment damage, system stability, power supply reliability, etc., to provide a basis for fault handling.

[0092] In the specific implementation, the distributed fusion clustering of the secondary circuit of the power grid relay protection is carried out by using the current limit circle and voltage limit feature detection method to obtain the aggregated information;

[0093] The distributed detection information in the secondary circuit of power grid relay protection is determined by using the constrained evolution method during charging and discharging processes.

[0094] Monitor real-time spectrum characteristics, obtain the voltage and current in the secondary circuit of the power grid relay protection, and use the midpoint balance method to comprehensively aggregate information and distributed detection information to generate information affecting generators and electrical equipment.

[0095] Step 108: Aggregate the type, location, and impact information into fault content for publication.

[0096] In this embodiment, the type of fault, the location of the fault, and the impact of the fault can be promptly notified to the operation and maintenance personnel and management through the monitoring system in the power grid by text messages, mobile applications, etc.

[0097] Operation and maintenance personnel can take appropriate maintenance or emergency measures according to the content of the fault to restore the normal operation of generators and electrical equipment in the power grid, and record the fault handling process to provide a reference for the maintenance and improvement of generators and electrical equipment.

[0098] In this embodiment, operating parameters of generators and electrical equipment are collected at various monitoring points in the power grid; operating characteristics related to faults are extracted from the operating parameters; the operating status of generators and electrical equipment is detected based on the operating characteristics; if the operating status is a fault, the type of fault is identified based on the operating parameters; the distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point is located in the power grid; the location of the faulty generator and electrical equipment is located based on the distance; impact information is generated for the generator and electrical equipment under the fault based on the operating parameters; the type, location and impact information are aggregated into the content of the fault and published. This embodiment provides multi-dimensional information such as type, location and impact information for the fault, reduces the dependence on a single parameter, facilitates operation and maintenance personnel to identify and locate the fault more quickly, effectively improves the accuracy of fault diagnosis, and thus quickly takes repair measures and reduces fault handling time.

[0099] Furthermore, accurate fault location reduces unnecessary equipment inspection and maintenance work, reducing maintenance costs. By quickly and accurately handling faults, the reliability and stability of the power grid are improved, and power outages caused by faults are reduced.

[0100] Embodiment 2

[0101] See also Figure 2 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a fault monitoring device for a power grid provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the device comprises:

[0102] The operating parameter collection module 201 is used to collect operating parameters of generators and electrical equipment at various monitoring points in the power grid;

[0103] An operation feature extraction module 202, used to extract operation features related to the fault from the operation parameters;

[0104] An operating status detection module 203, used to detect the operating status of the generator and the electrical equipment according to the operating characteristics;

[0105] A fault type identification module 204 is used to identify the type of the fault according to the operating parameters if the operating state is a fault;

[0106] A fault distance locating module 205, used for locating the distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point in the power grid;

[0107] A fault location positioning module 206, configured to locate the position of the generator and the electrical equipment where the fault occurs according to the distance;

[0108] An impact information generating module 207, configured to generate impact information on the generator and the electrical equipment under the fault according to the operating parameters;

[0109] The fault publishing module 208 is used to aggregate the type, the location and the impact information into the content of the fault for publishing.

[0110] In one embodiment of the present invention, the operation feature extraction module 202 is further used for:

[0111] The grid generation characteristic is arranged and expanded by the following formula:

[0112]

[0113] Where T is the characteristic arrangement width, I 平 is the average value of the current, EX is the spectrum period, γ is the weight, and m is the number of currents;

[0114] Substituting the characteristic arrangement width into the following formula to calculate the upper limit value of the power of the power grid:

[0115]

[0116] Among them, E)X) is the upper limit of power, T is the characteristic arrangement width, I 平 is the average value of the current, EX is the spectrum period, γ is the weight, and m is the number of currents;

[0117] Substitute the upper limit value of the power into the following formula to calculate the distribution range of the power of the power grid:

[0118]

[0119] Among them, z is the distribution interval of power, E(X) is the upper limit of power, I 平 is the average value of the current, m is the amount of current, τ -1 / 2 The spectrum data of the load side under the power balance of the power grid;

[0120] Substituting the power distribution interval into the following formula, the fault parameter of the power grid is calculated:

[0121]

[0122] Where k(x) is the fault parameter, x(t) is the value of the fault parameter at time t, and z is the power distribution interval;

[0123] Substituting the fault parameters into the following formula to calculate the operating characteristics of the power grid:

[0124]

[0125] Where D is the operating characteristic, X is the set of fault parameters, x(t) is the value of the fault parameter at time t, k(t) is the penalty coefficient at time t, and z is the power distribution interval.

[0126] In one embodiment of the present invention, the operating status detection module 203 is further used to:

[0127] Querying the normal operating range represented by the operating characteristic setting;

[0128] detecting a magnitude of change in the operating characteristic;

[0129] If the operating characteristic exceeds the operating range, or the variation amplitude is greater than a preset variation threshold, it is determined that the operating status of the generator and the electrical equipment is a fault.

[0130] In one embodiment of the present invention, the operating parameters include current, voltage and action information of the relay protection device;

[0131] The fault type identification module 204 is also used for:

[0132] Extracting first characteristic information on the waveform from the current and the voltage respectively;

[0133] Extracting second characteristic information in the time domain from the current and the voltage respectively;

[0134] The first feature information, the second feature information and the action information are input into a preset support vector machine to identify the type of the fault.

[0135] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fault distance locating module 205 is further used for:

[0136] Determining nodes at both ends of the region where the fault occurs in the power grid, and calculating equivalent impedances at both ends of the region where the fault occurs;

[0137] In the reconstruction of Kirchhoff's current law, it is determined whether the nodes corresponding to the two elements with the largest values ​​are the nodes at both ends of the fault area;

[0138] If yes, locating the voltage amplitude between the nodes at both ends of the region where the fault occurs in the voltage amplitude of each node in the power grid;

[0139] Calculate the distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point based on the voltage amplitude and the equivalent impedance of the area where the fault occurs;

[0140] If not, the method returns to executing the reconstruction of Kirchhoff's current law to determine whether the nodes corresponding to the two elements with the largest values ​​are the nodes at both ends of the fault area.

[0141] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fault location locating module 206 is further used for:

[0142] Querying the topology of the power grid;

[0143] In the topological structure, the operating parameters and the distance are substituted into a shortest path model based on graph theory to calculate the locations of the generator and the electrical equipment where the fault occurs.

[0144] In one embodiment of the present invention, the impact information generating module 207 is further used to:

[0145] Performing distributed fusion clustering on the secondary circuit of the power grid relay protection by using the current limit circle and voltage limit feature detection method to obtain aggregated information;

[0146] Determining distributed detection information in the secondary circuit of the power grid relay protection by using a constrained evolution method during charging and discharging;

[0147] The aggregate information and the distributed detection information are integrated by using a midpoint balancing method to generate impact information on the generator and the electrical equipment.

[0148] The power grid fault monitoring device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can execute the power grid fault monitoring method provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the power grid fault monitoring method.

[0149] Embodiment 3

[0150] See also Figure 3 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0151] like Figure 3As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 to the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0152] A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0153] The processor 11 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as a fault monitoring method for a power grid.

[0154] In some embodiments, the fault monitoring method of the power grid may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the fault monitoring method of the power grid described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to execute the fault monitoring method of the power grid in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0155] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0156] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0157] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0158] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0159] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0160] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0161] Embodiment 4

[0162] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for monitoring faults in a power grid provided in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0163] In the process of implementation, the computer program product can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof to perform the computer program code of the present invention, including object-oriented programming languages, such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a separate software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to an external computer (for example, using an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet).

[0164] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0165] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring faults in a power grid, characterized in that: include: Collect operating parameters of generators and electrical equipment at various monitoring points in the power grid; extracting operating characteristics related to the fault from the operating parameters; detecting the operating status of the generator and the electrical equipment according to the operating characteristics; If the operating state is a fault, identifying the type of the fault according to the operating parameters; locating the distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point in the power grid; Locating the positions of the generator and the electrical equipment where the fault occurs according to the distance; generating, according to the operating parameters, impact information on the generator and the electrical equipment under the fault; The type, the location, and the impact information are aggregated into the content of the fault and published.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extracting the operating characteristics related to the fault from the operating parameters comprises: The grid generation characteristic is arranged and expanded by the following formula: Where T is the characteristic arrangement width, I 平 is the average value of the current, EX is the spectrum period, γ is the weight, and m is the number of currents; Substituting the characteristic arrangement width into the following formula to calculate the upper limit value of the power of the power grid: Among them, E(X) is the upper limit of power, T is the characteristic arrangement width, I 平 is the average value of the current, EX is the spectrum period, γ is the weight, and m is the number of currents; Substitute the upper limit value of the power into the following formula to calculate the distribution range of the power of the power grid: Among them, z is the distribution interval of power, E(X) is the upper limit of power, I 平 is the average value of the current, m is the amount of current, τ -1 / 2 The spectrum data of the load side under the power balance of the power grid; Substituting the power distribution interval into the following formula, the fault parameter of the power grid is calculated: Where k(x) is the fault parameter, x(t) is the value of the fault parameter at time t, and z is the power distribution interval; Substituting the fault parameters into the following formula to calculate the operating characteristics of the power grid: Where D is the operating characteristic, X is the set of fault parameters, x(t) is the value of the fault parameter at time t, k(t) is the penalty coefficient at time t, and z is the power distribution interval.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detecting the operating status of the generator and the electrical equipment according to the operating characteristics comprises: Querying the normal operating range represented by the operating characteristic setting; detecting a magnitude of change in the operating characteristic; If the operating characteristic exceeds the operating range, or the variation amplitude is greater than a preset variation threshold, it is determined that the operating status of the generator and the electrical equipment is a fault.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating parameters include current, voltage and action information of the relay protection device; The identifying the type of the fault according to the operating parameter comprises: Extracting first characteristic information on the waveform from the current and the voltage respectively; Extracting second characteristic information in the time domain from the current and the voltage respectively; The first feature information, the second feature information and the action information are input into a preset support vector machine to identify the type of the fault.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The locating the distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point in the power grid comprises: Determining nodes at both ends of the region where the fault occurs in the power grid, and calculating equivalent impedances at both ends of the region where the fault occurs; In the reconstruction of Kirchhoff's current law, it is determined whether the nodes corresponding to the two elements with the largest values ​​are the nodes at both ends of the fault area; If yes, locating the voltage amplitude between the nodes at both ends of the region where the fault occurs in the voltage amplitude of each node in the power grid; Calculate the distance between the fault and the nearest monitoring point based on the voltage amplitude and the equivalent impedance of the area where the fault occurs; If not, the method returns to executing the reconstruction of Kirchhoff's current law to determine whether the nodes corresponding to the two elements with the largest values ​​are the nodes at both ends of the fault area.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The method of locating the position of the generator and the electrical equipment where the fault occurs according to the distance comprises: Querying the topology of the power grid; In the topological structure, the operating parameters and the distance are substituted into a shortest path model based on graph theory to calculate the locations of the generator and the electrical equipment where the fault occurs.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The generating of the influence information on the generator and the electrical equipment under the fault according to the operating parameters includes: Performing distributed fusion clustering on the secondary circuit of the power grid relay protection by using the current limit circle and voltage limit feature detection method to obtain aggregated information; Determining distributed detection information in the secondary circuit of the power grid relay protection by using a constrained evolution method during charging and discharging; The aggregate information and the distributed detection information are integrated by using a midpoint balancing method to generate impact information on the generator and the electrical equipment.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can perform the fault monitoring method for a power grid according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the fault monitoring method for a power grid according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for monitoring faults in a power grid according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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