Near-bit multi-source power supply device

Abstract

The near-bit multi-source power supply device comprises a circulating power generation mechanism, a vibration power generation mechanism, a geothermal power generation mechanism and a storage mechanism, and the circulating power generation mechanism comprises an outer cylinder, a middle cylinder, an inner cylinder, turbofan blades, a coil, a permanent magnet, two sliding rings and two electric brushes; the vibration power generation mechanism comprises two elastic pieces and two piezoelectric materials; the geothermal power generation mechanism comprises a mounting ring and a thermocouple; and the storage mechanism comprises a charging controller and a power supply. The system has the beneficial effects that the circulating power generation mechanism, the vibration power generation mechanism and the geothermal power generation mechanism can work simultaneously or alternately to generate stable electric energy output, and the electric energy generated by the power generation mechanisms is transmitted to the charging controller for unified management and processing and is finally stored in the power supply; therefore, the technical problem that in the prior art, the capacity of a battery matched with an underground sensor is small, and the long-time use requirement of a high-energy-consumption sensor is difficult to meet is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of downhole equipment, and in particular to a near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device. Background Art

[0002] Measurement While Drilling (MWD) refers to the technology that continuously detects and transmits parameter information about the borehole or drill bit to the ground through a variety of downhole sensors installed near the drill bit during the drilling process. These parameter information includes but is not limited to directional data (such as well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle), formation characteristics (such as gamma ray, resistivity logging, etc.), and drilling parameters (such as bottom hole drilling pressure, torque and rotation speed, etc.).

[0003] The significance of measurement while drilling is that it enables drillers and geologists to understand the complex situation downhole in real time. This real-time information feedback is essential for making quick decisions because it helps reduce risks during drilling, improves drilling efficiency, and ensures the safety and accuracy of drilling operations. Especially in the context of increasing directional well production, especially the high cost of offshore platform drilling, the research and application of measurement while drilling technology is particularly important.

[0004] In order to achieve measurement while drilling, it is necessary to install a variety of downhole sensors near the drill bit. These sensors are responsible for capturing and recording various parameter information during the drilling process and transmitting it to the ground for analysis and processing. The installation of these sensors requires strict compliance with operating procedures to ensure that they can work stably and accurately. At the same time, it is also necessary to fully prepare the equipment and site, including determining the installation location of the sensor, preparing the necessary equipment, and arranging professionals for installation and construction.

[0005] At present, downhole sensor systems used in logging while drilling generally rely on batteries as their main energy supply. Although battery technology has also developed in recent years, due to the limitation of wellbore size, the size of the battery supporting downhole sensors is usually difficult to be large, so the battery capacity is small, and many sensors are high-energy sensors. The small battery capacity cannot meet the long-term use requirements of high-energy sensors. In addition, due to the small space and complex environment underground, battery replacement or battery charging needs to be done on the ground after drilling, which seriously affects production efficiency.

[0006] In view of the above situation, developing a device that can generate electricity stably for a long time in the harsh environment underground has become a key technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and propose a near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device to solve the technical problem that the battery capacity of downhole sensors in the prior art is small and it is difficult to meet the long-term use requirements of high-energy consumption sensors.

[0008] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device, comprising:

[0010] A circulating power generation mechanism, the circulating power generation mechanism comprises an outer cylinder, a middle cylinder, an inner cylinder, a turbofan blade, a coil, a permanent magnet, two slip rings and two brushes, the middle cylinder is coaxially fixed in the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is coaxially slidably arranged in the middle cylinder and can rotate around its own axis, the turbofan blade is coaxially fixed in the inner cylinder, the coil is fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the inner cylinder, the permanent magnet is fixed on the inner side wall of the middle cylinder and is arranged opposite to the coil, the two slip rings are respectively electrically connected to the two ends of the coil and are both coaxially fixed to the outer side wall of the inner cylinder, and the two brushes are respectively in contact with the two slip rings;

[0011] A vibration power generation mechanism, the vibration power generation mechanism comprises two elastic members and two piezoelectric materials, one end of the two elastic members are respectively connected to the two ends of the inner tube, the other ends of the two elastic members are respectively connected to the two piezoelectric materials, and the two piezoelectric materials are both fixed in the inner tube;

[0012] A geothermal power generation mechanism, the geothermal power generation mechanism comprising a mounting ring and a thermocouple, the mounting ring being fixedly sleeved on the inner cylinder, the mounting ring being provided with a mounting hole, the thermocouple being fixed in the mounting hole; and,

[0013] The storage mechanism comprises a charging controller and a power supply, wherein the input end of the charging controller is electrically connected to the two brushes, the two ends of the piezoelectric material and the two ends of the thermocouple, and the output end of the charging controller is electrically connected to the power supply.

[0014] In some embodiments, a first receiving groove is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder, a second receiving groove corresponding to the first receiving groove is provided on the inner wall of the middle cylinder, the coil is fixed in the first receiving groove, and the permanent magnet is fixed in the second receiving groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, the input end of the charging controller is electrically connected to the two brushes via two first wires respectively.

[0016] In some embodiments, the vibration power generation mechanism also includes two lifting rings and two pressure rings, the two lifting rings are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the inner cylinder, one end of the two pressure rings are respectively slidably connected to the two lifting rings, and the other ends of the two pressure rings are respectively connected to the two piezoelectric materials.

[0017] In some embodiments, the vibration power generation mechanism further includes two bearings, the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly sleeved on one end of the inner cylinder, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the lifting ring.

[0018] In some embodiments, a slide groove is provided on the outer side wall of the lifting ring, one end of the pressure ring is slidably disposed in the slide groove, and the elastic member is located in the slide groove.

[0019] In some embodiments, the thickness of the lifting ring gradually decreases at one end away from the inner cylinder.

[0020] In some embodiments, the input end of the charging controller is electrically connected to two ends of the piezoelectric material via two second wires respectively.

[0021] In some embodiments, the geothermal power generation mechanism also includes a partition, which is fixed in the mounting hole to form a closed heat-conducting cavity with the inner wall of the mounting hole, and heat-conducting oil is encapsulated in the heat-conducting cavity. A plug hole is opened on the partition, one end of the thermocouple passes through the plug hole and extends into the heat-conducting cavity, and the other end of the thermocouple extends to the opening of the mounting hole.

[0022] In some embodiments, the input end of the charging controller is electrically connected to both ends of the thermocouple via two third wires, respectively.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device provided by the present invention is: in the actual operation process, the circulation power generation mechanism, the vibration power generation mechanism and the geothermal power generation mechanism can work simultaneously or alternately to generate stable power output. The power generated by these power generation mechanisms is transmitted to the charging controller for unified management and processing and finally stored in the power supply. When the external load needs power, the power supply supplies the power to the load through an appropriate circuit, thereby solving the technical problem in the prior art that the battery capacity of the downhole sensor is small and it is difficult to meet the long-term use requirements of high-energy-consuming sensors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle area A;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle area B;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle area C;

[0028] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-circulation power generation mechanism, 11-outer cylinder, 12-middle cylinder, 121-second receiving groove, 13-inner cylinder, 131-first receiving groove, 14-turbofan blade, 15-coil, 16-permanent magnet, 17-slip ring, 18-brush, 181-first conductor, 2-vibration power generation mechanism, 21-elastic member, 22-piezoelectric material, 221-second conductor, 23-lifting ring, 24-pressure ring, 25-bearing, 3-geothermal power generation mechanism, 31-mounting ring, 32-thermocouple, 321-third conductor, 33-partition, 34-thermal oil, 4-storage mechanism, 41-charging controller, 42-power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 The near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device includes a circulation power generation mechanism 1, a vibration power generation mechanism 2, a geothermal power generation mechanism 3 and a storage mechanism 4.

[0031] The circulating power generation mechanism 1 includes an outer cylinder 11, a middle cylinder 12, an inner cylinder 13, a turbofan blade 14, a coil 15, a permanent magnet 16, two slip rings 17 and two brushes 18. The middle cylinder 12 is coaxially fixed in the outer cylinder 11, the inner cylinder 13 is coaxially slidably arranged in the middle cylinder 12 and can rotate around its own axis, the turbofan blade 14 is coaxially fixed in the inner cylinder 13, the coil 15 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the inner cylinder 13, the permanent magnet 16 is fixed on the inner side wall of the middle cylinder 12 and is arranged opposite to the coil 15, the two slip rings 17 are respectively electrically connected to the two ends of the coil 15, and are both coaxially fixed to the outer side wall of the inner cylinder 13, and the two brushes 18 are respectively in contact with the two slip rings 17.

[0032] The vibration power generation mechanism 2 includes two elastic members 21 and two piezoelectric materials 22. One end of the two elastic members 21 is connected to the two ends of the inner tube 13 respectively, and the other end of the two elastic members 21 is connected to the two piezoelectric materials 22 respectively. The two piezoelectric materials 22 are fixed in the inner tube 13.

[0033] The geothermal power generation mechanism 3 includes a mounting ring 31 and a thermocouple 32 . The mounting ring 31 is fixedly sleeved on the inner tube 13 . A mounting hole is formed on the mounting ring 31 , and the thermocouple 32 is fixed in the mounting hole.

[0034] The storage mechanism 4 includes a charging controller 41 and a power supply 42 . The input end of the charging controller 41 is electrically connected to the two brushes 18 , the two ends of the piezoelectric materials 22 and the two ends of the thermocouple 32 . The output end of the charging controller 41 is electrically connected to the power supply 42 .

[0035] When in use, the outer cylinder 11 is connected to the lower end of the drill string and lowered into the wellbore. When the drilling fluid or fracturing fluid and other fluids enter the device through the drill string, the fluids will enter the inner cylinder 13 and impact the turbofan blades 14. The turbofan blades 14 drive the inner cylinder 13 to rotate. The rotation of the inner cylinder 13 drives the coil 15 to cut the magnetic lines of force in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 16, thereby generating an induced current. The induced current is transmitted to the charging controller 41 and the power supply 42 through the slip ring 17 and the brush 18, so as to realize the output and storage of electric energy. At the same time, when the pressure of the fluid changes, or the drill string is subjected to external impact and causes vibration, the inner tube 13 will reciprocate in the length direction relative to the middle tube 12, and the elastic member 21 will undergo elastic deformation, thereby driving the piezoelectric material 22 to deform. The piezoelectric material 22 generates electric charge during the deformation process, forming an electric potential difference, thereby generating electric energy, which is transmitted to the charging controller 41 and the power supply 42, so as to realize the output and storage of electric energy. At the same time, since the environment in which the wellbore is located is a high-temperature environment, and the inner tube is continuously filled with drilling fluid and fracturing fluid, the temperature of the inner tube will be much lower than the temperature deep in the wellbore, which will cause a significant temperature difference to form at both ends of the thermocouple 32. The thermocouple 32 utilizes the Seebeck effect to convert the absorbed heat into electric energy, which is transmitted to the charging controller 41 and the power supply 42, so as to realize the output and storage of electric energy.

[0036] During actual operation, the circulating power generation mechanism 1, the vibration power generation mechanism 2 and the geothermal power generation mechanism 3 can work simultaneously or alternately to generate stable electric energy output. The electric energy generated by these power generation mechanisms is transmitted to the charging controller 41 for unified management and processing and finally stored in the power supply 42. When the external load needs electric energy, the power supply 42 supplies the electric energy to the load through an appropriate circuit, thereby solving the technical problem in the prior art that the battery capacity of the downhole sensor is small and it is difficult to meet the long-term use requirements of the high-energy consumption sensor.

[0037] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2The outer wall of the inner cylinder 13 is provided with a first receiving groove 131, the inner wall of the middle cylinder 12 is provided with a second receiving groove 121 corresponding to the first receiving groove, the coil 15 is fixed in the first receiving groove 131, and the permanent magnet 16 is fixed in the second receiving groove 121. By providing the first receiving groove 131 and the second receiving groove 121, installation space can be provided for the coil 15 and the permanent magnet 16.

[0038] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The input end of the charging controller 41 is electrically connected to the two brushes 18 via two first wires 181 respectively.

[0039] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The vibration power generation mechanism 2 further includes two lifting rings 23 and two pressing rings 24. The two lifting rings 23 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the inner cylinder 13, one end of the two pressing rings 24 is slidably connected to the two lifting rings 23, and the other end of the two pressing rings 24 is connected to the two piezoelectric materials 22. By providing the lifting rings 23 and the pressing rings 24, the stability of the vibration power generation mechanism 2 can be improved.

[0040] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The vibration power generation mechanism 2 further includes two bearings 25, the inner ring of the bearing 25 is fixedly sleeved on one end of the inner cylinder 13, and the outer ring of the bearing 25 is fixedly connected to the lifting ring 23. By providing the bearing 25, the stability of the inner cylinder 13 during rotation can be improved.

[0041] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 A slide groove is provided on the outer wall of the lifting ring 23, one end of the pressing ring 24 is slidably arranged in the slide groove, and the elastic member 21 is located in the slide groove. By providing the slide groove, the stability of the pressing ring 24 during movement can be improved.

[0042] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The thickness of the end of the lifting ring 23 away from the inner tube 13 gradually decreases. By forming a pointed end at the end of the lifting ring 23 away from the inner tube 13, the pointed end can be used to remove debris that may be attached to the inner wall of the pressure ring 24, preventing the debris from affecting the movement of the pressure ring 24 relative to the lifting ring 23.

[0043] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3The input end of the charging controller 41 is electrically connected to the two ends of the piezoelectric material 22 via two second wires 221 .

[0044] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 The geothermal power generation mechanism 3 also includes a partition 33, which is fixed in the mounting hole to form a closed heat-conducting cavity with the inner wall of the mounting hole. Heat-conducting oil 34 is encapsulated in the heat-conducting cavity. A plug hole is opened on the partition 33, and one end of the thermocouple 32 passes through the plug hole and extends into the heat-conducting cavity, and the other end of the thermocouple 32 extends to the orifice of the mounting hole. By setting the heat-conducting oil 34, the heat of the thermocouple 32 can be quickly transferred to the inner cylinder through the heat-conducting oil.

[0045] The principle of thermoelectric power generation is based on the thermoelectric effect. The thermoelectric effect refers to the electromotive force generated when the junction of two different metals (or semiconductors) is subjected to a temperature difference. This effect is called the Seebeck effect and is caused by the difference in the thermal motion of electrons between the two metals. Thermoelectric power generation uses this effect to convert the temperature difference into electrical energy. The principle of thermoelectric power generation is as follows: First, two different metals (or semiconductors) are connected together, which is called a thermocouple. Then, one end of the thermocouple is exposed to a high temperature environment and the other end is exposed to a low temperature environment. Since there is a significant temperature difference between high temperature and low temperature, an electromotive force is generated between the two metals, namely the thermoelectric power generation effect. If the two ends of the thermocouple are connected to a circuit, the electromotive force can be converted into electrical energy, thereby realizing thermoelectric power generation. The principle of thermoelectric power generation is based on the band theory, and the key lies in the electronic band structure between different materials. The electronic band of the material determines its electrical conductivity. The material that can produce the thermoelectric effect must have a different electronic band structure. Under the temperature difference, electrons will move from the high temperature side to the low temperature side, generating an electromotive force. In practical applications, in order to improve the efficiency of temperature difference power generation, a thermopile composed of multiple thermocouples is usually used. The thermopile is composed of multiple thermocouples connected in series to form a voltage superposition structure, which can accumulate the electromotive force, thereby increasing the output voltage and power.

[0046] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 The input end of the charging controller 41 is electrically connected to the two ends of the thermocouple 32 via two third wires 321 .

[0047] In order to better understand the present invention, the following Figures 1 to 4The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail: when in use, the outer cylinder 11 is connected to the lower end of the drill string and lowered into the wellbore. When the fluid such as drilling fluid or fracturing fluid enters the device through the drill string, the fluid enters the inner cylinder 13 and impacts the turbofan blades 14. The turbofan blades 14 drive the inner cylinder 13 to rotate. The rotation of the inner cylinder 13 drives the coil 15 to cut the magnetic lines of force in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 16, thereby generating an induced current. The induced current is transmitted to the charging controller 41 and the power supply 42 through the slip ring 17 and the brush 18, so as to realize the output and storage of electric energy. At the same time, when the pressure of the fluid changes, or the drill string is subjected to external impact and causes vibration, the inner tube 13 will reciprocate in the length direction relative to the middle tube 12, and the elastic member 21 will undergo elastic deformation, thereby driving the piezoelectric material 22 to deform. The piezoelectric material 22 generates electric charge during the deformation process, forming an electric potential difference, thereby generating electric energy, which is transmitted to the charging controller 41 and the power supply 42, so as to realize the output and storage of electric energy. At the same time, since the environment in which the wellbore is located is a high-temperature environment, and the inner tube is continuously filled with drilling fluid and fracturing fluid, the temperature of the inner tube will be much lower than the temperature deep in the wellbore, which will cause a significant temperature difference to form at both ends of the thermocouple 32. The thermocouple 32 utilizes the Seebeck effect to convert the absorbed heat into electric energy, which is transmitted to the charging controller 41 and the power supply 42, so as to realize the output and storage of electric energy.

[0048] During actual operation, the circulating power generation mechanism 1, the vibration power generation mechanism 2 and the geothermal power generation mechanism 3 can work simultaneously or alternately to generate stable electric energy output. The electric energy generated by these power generation mechanisms is transmitted to the charging controller 41 for unified management and processing and finally stored in the power supply 42. When the external load needs electric energy, the power supply 42 supplies the electric energy to the load through an appropriate circuit, thereby solving the technical problem in the prior art that the battery capacity of the downhole sensor is small and it is difficult to meet the long-term use requirements of the high-energy consumption sensor.

[0049] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-source power supply device near the drill bit, characterized in that: include: A circulating power generation mechanism, the circulating power generation mechanism comprises an outer cylinder, a middle cylinder, an inner cylinder, a turbofan blade, a coil, a permanent magnet, two slip rings and two brushes, the middle cylinder is coaxially fixed in the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is coaxially slidably arranged in the middle cylinder and can rotate around its own axis, the turbofan blade is coaxially fixed in the inner cylinder, the coil is fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the inner cylinder, the permanent magnet is fixed on the inner side wall of the middle cylinder and is arranged opposite to the coil, the two slip rings are respectively electrically connected to the two ends of the coil and are both coaxially fixed to the outer side wall of the inner cylinder, and the two brushes are respectively in contact with the two slip rings; A vibration power generation mechanism, the vibration power generation mechanism comprises two elastic members and two piezoelectric materials, one end of the two elastic members are respectively connected to the two ends of the inner tube, the other ends of the two elastic members are respectively connected to the two piezoelectric materials, and the two piezoelectric materials are fixed in the inner tube; A geothermal power generation mechanism, the geothermal power generation mechanism comprising a mounting ring and a thermocouple, the mounting ring being fixedly sleeved on the inner cylinder, the mounting ring being provided with a mounting hole, the thermocouple being fixed in the mounting hole; and, The storage mechanism includes a charging controller and a power supply, wherein the input end of the charging controller is electrically connected to the two brushes, the two ends of the piezoelectric material and the two ends of the thermocouple, and the output end of the charging controller is electrically connected to the power supply.

2. The near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first receiving groove is formed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder, a second receiving groove corresponding to the first receiving groove is formed on the inner wall of the middle cylinder, the coil is fixed in the first receiving groove, and the permanent magnet is fixed in the second receiving groove.

3. The near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the charging controller is electrically connected to the two brushes via two first conducting wires respectively.

4. The near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration power generation mechanism also includes two lifting rings and two pressure rings. The two lifting rings are rotatably connected to the two ends of the inner tube respectively, one end of the two pressure rings is slidingly connected to the two lifting rings respectively, and the other ends of the two pressure rings are connected to the two piezoelectric materials respectively.

5. The near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration power generation mechanism also includes two bearings, the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly sleeved on one end of the inner cylinder, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the lifting ring.

6. The near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sliding groove is provided on the outer side wall of the lifting ring, one end of the pressing ring is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and the elastic member is located in the sliding groove.

7. The near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the lifting ring at one end away from the inner cylinder gradually decreases.

8. The near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the charging controller is electrically connected to the two ends of the piezoelectric material via two second wires respectively.

9. The near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geothermal power generation mechanism also includes a partition, which is fixed in the mounting hole to form a closed heat-conducting cavity with the inner wall of the mounting hole, and heat-conducting oil is encapsulated in the heat-conducting cavity. A plug hole is opened on the partition, and one end of the thermocouple passes through the plug hole and extends into the heat-conducting cavity, and the other end of the thermocouple extends to the opening of the mounting hole.

10. The near-drill-bit multi-source power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the charging controller is electrically connected to both ends of the thermocouple via two third wires respectively.

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