Composite pesticide for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight

Abstract

The invention relates to a compound pesticide for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight, and belongs to the technical field of pesticides. Chitosan oligosaccharide is combined with a medicament, plant hormones, chitosan and a P60 extract, so that the action time can be prolonged, the disease resistance of plants can be induced, and immunization and killing effects on various fungi, bacteria and viruses can be realized. The plant can be helped to resist environmental pressure and harm of harmful substances, the application effect of the combination mode in asparagus planting is better, and harm caused by stem blight to asparagus production can be remarkably reduced. The plant hormones can effectively prevent stem blight and stimulate stem growth enzymes, more effectively promote the elongation and growth of stems and improve the disease resistance, so that the overall health and yield of plants are improved, and the harm caused by the stem blight to asparagus production can be remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, in particular to a composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight. Background Art

[0002] Asparagus stem blight is a devastating disease that occurs in almost all asparagus producing areas in my country. Asparagus stem blight is called the cancer of asparagus. In mild cases, individual plants die and the yield decreases; in severe cases, the entire field is destroyed and the yield is completely lost, causing huge losses to the majority of asparagus farmers.

[0003] Asparagus stem blight is also called asparagus stem rot. It mainly harms stems and side branches. Water-soaked spots first appear on the stems, expanding into spindle-shaped or linear dark brown spots, and finally becoming long spindle-shaped or oval, reddish brown in the center, sunken, with many small black spots scattered on it. After the spots circle the stem, the stems and leaves above the diseased part dry up, and in severe cases, the area looks like it's burned.

[0004] The symptoms of asparagus stem blight are mainly manifested on the stems, side branches or leaves. In the early stage of the disease, the pathogen infects the plant, forming spindle-shaped dark brown scars. The lesions are spindle-shaped or short-line-shaped, surrounded by hydrophilic edges and appear edematous. Subsequently, the lesions and scars expand irregularly, gradually expanding, with a sunken center and reddish brown color. The spots finally turn grayish white, with many small black spots on them, which are the conidiophores of the pathogen. When the lesions surround the stem, the infected stems and branches dry up and die. The diseased parts of the diseased stems are easy to break. In the rainy season, the conidiophores released from the mature conidiophores are washed out by rainwater, causing secondary infection to the base of the asparagus stem close to the soil. Due to the large-scale infection of the conidiophores, the base of the entire stem is immediately covered with scars. The diseased plants suddenly turn yellow, wither and eventually die. The pathogenic bacteria of asparagus stem blight is Asparagus asparagus, which is widely found in nature and will spread widely under suitable conditions. The large-scale occurrence of stem blight requires several conditions to coincide with each other. A large number of pathogens is the primary condition for the disease; the infection and spread of pathogens require humidity, including rainfall and watering; in addition, air circulation and temperature have a great impact on the infection and spread of pathogens; finally, the initial carriers of pathogen infection are a large number of asparagus tender stems and seedlings. When these factors coincide, stem blight will occur in large numbers.

[0005] It occurs all over the world; the disease spreads rapidly under rainy and windy conditions, and can also be spread by rain splashing. At present, the prevention and control method of stem blight is mainly chemical control, but the long-term use of a single chemical agent will gradually increase the resistance of the pathogen, resulting in a continuous decrease in the efficacy of the drug, and the use of a large amount of chemical agents will also cause environmental pollution, pesticide residues and other problems. Therefore, finding an agent that can effectively prevent and control asparagus stem blight and reduce the amount of chemical agents used has become one of the key issues to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the above technical problems and provides a composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0008] A composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following formula: 8-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3-5 parts of carbendazim, 6-9 parts of medicament, 6-9 parts of plant hormone, 8-12 parts of trichoderma protein, 3-6 parts of stellera chamaejasme extract, 14-19 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of P60 extract, 4-8 parts of acanthus monnieri methanol extract, 3-6 parts of psoralea corylifolia seed extract and water.

[0009] Preferably, the agent is one or a combination of difenoconazole, mancozeb, mancozeb, benomyl, methyl thiophanate or diniconazole.

[0010] Preferably, the plant hormone is one or more combinations of Bacillus polymyxa, 6-benzylaminopurine, paclobutrazol, gibberellin or naphthylacetic acid.

[0011] Preferably, the pH of the plant hormone is 5-5.8.

[0012] Preferably, the molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-2000Da.

[0013] Preferably, the pH of the plant hormone is 5-5.8.

[0014] Preferably, the agent and the plant hormone are configured in a 1:1 ratio when used.

[0015] After adopting the above formula, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] The present invention can prolong the action time and induce the disease resistance of plants by combining chitosan oligosaccharides with medicaments, plant hormones, chitosan and P60 extracts, and produce immunity and killing effects on various fungi, bacteria and viruses. It can help plants resist environmental pressure and the invasion of harmful substances. This combination method has a better application effect in asparagus planting and can significantly reduce the harm caused by stem blight to asparagus production. Plant hormones can effectively prevent stem blight and stimulate enzymes for stem growth, more effectively promote stem elongation growth and improve disease resistance, thereby improving the overall health and yield of plants, and can significantly reduce the harm caused by stem blight to asparagus production.

[0017] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent from the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] none DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be mentioned in detail. Although the present invention is described in conjunction with these specific embodiments, it should be appreciated that it is not intended to limit the present invention to these specific embodiments. On the contrary, these embodiments are intended to cover substitutions, changes or equivalent embodiments that may be included in the spirit and scope of the invention defined by the claims. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented without some or all of these specific details. In other cases, in order not to make the present invention unnecessarily obscure, well-known process operations are not described in detail.

[0020] When used in conjunction with "including," "methods comprising," or similar language in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the full text.

[0022] In conjunction with the full text, a composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight includes the following formula: 8-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3-5 parts of carbendazim, 6-9 parts of medicine, 6-9 parts of plant hormones, 8-12 parts of Trichoderma protein, 3-6 parts of Stellera chamaejasme extract, 14-19 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of P60 extract, 4-8 parts of Acanthus monnieri methanol extract, 3-6 parts of Psoralea corylifolia seed extract and water.

[0023] The medicament is one or a combination of difenoconazole, mancozeb, mancozeb, benomyl, thiophanate-methyl or diniconazole. The dosage of difenoconazole, mancozeb, mancozeb, benomyl, thiophanate-methyl or diniconazole should meet the prescribed standards. The cure rate of the medicament on asparagus stem blight reaches 40%. When the asparagus treated with the medicament is subjected to the effects of plant hormones, chitosan and P60 extract, the root neck growth of the asparagus can be enhanced.

[0024] The plant hormone is one or more combinations of Bacillus polymyxa, 6-benzylaminopurine, paclobutrazol, gibberellin or naphthylacetic acid.

[0025] Paclobutrazol can be absorbed by the roots and the growth parts formed by the stems and leaves. It moves apically in the plant body, that is, it moves from the xylem to the leaves and buds, but not from the phloem. Therefore, leaf spraying is faster than soil application. The main function is to reduce vegetative growth. After it reaches the apical meristem, it will inhibit the production of gibberellins, thereby reducing the rate of cell division and allowing more assimilated substances to be transported to the root neck for growth.

[0026] Gibberellic acid promotes germination, root collar growth, and parthenocarpy.

[0027] Plant hormones can effectively prevent stem blight and stimulate enzymes that promote stem growth, more effectively promote stem elongation growth and improve disease resistance, thereby improving the overall health and yield of the plant.

[0028] The pH of the plant hormone is 5-5.8.

[0029] The molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-2000Da, and the molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-2000Da, among which the chitosan oligosaccharide with a molecular weight of 1500Da is the best.

[0030] The pH of the plant hormone is 5-5.8, which can meet the growth requirements of most plants. The concentration of the nutrient solution cannot be too high, otherwise it will cause fertilizer damage and affect the health of the plant. Plant hormones can effectively promote the growth of rhizomes and improve the overall health and yield of plants.

[0031] The drug and plant hormone are configured in a 1:1 ratio when used.

[0032] P60 extract is a bioactive substance extracted from P.fluorescens bacteria, which has a significant plant growth regulating effect. The mechanism by which P60 extract induces plant resistance to fungal spore germination mainly involves antifungal activity, inhibition of mycelial growth and activation of the defense system. P60 extract can induce systemic resistance in plants, thereby improving plant resistance to pathogens. After treatment with P60 extract, the content of glycosides, saponins and tannins increased significantly, which helps to enhance the overall disease resistance of plants. P60 extract also has antioxidant function, which can help plants resist environmental stress and harmful substances. P60 extract combined with agents, plant hormones and chitosan can not only enhance the disease resistance of plants, but also be used in agricultural production in a variety of ways to promote the development of sustainable agriculture.

[0033] The EC50 of the Psoralea corylifolia seed extract on the mycelial growth of rice sheath blight was 30.8159 mg / L. When the concentration was 810 mg / L, the inhibition rate on sclerotium germination was 43.33%. Under the scanning electron microscope, the mycelial arrangement and morphology of asparagus stem blight after 5 days of treatment with Psoralea corylifolia extract were significantly changed. Psoralea corylifolia seed extract can inhibit the mycelial growth and sclerotium germination of asparagus stem blight and destroy its morphological structure. Its microemulsion has a good control effect on asparagus stem blight.

[0034] The extract of Stellera chamaejasme has a significant inhibitory effect on asparagus stem blight. At a concentration of 4 mg / mL, the inhibition rate reached 80%, and at a concentration of 2 mg / mL, the inhibition rate reached more than 80%. The extract of Stellera chamaejasme has a significant effect on mycelial growth rate, spore germination and enzyme activity, showing a good antibacterial effect.

[0035] The methanol extract of Acanthus monnieri had strong inhibitory activity against asparagus stem blight pathogen, with an EC50 value of 4.61 mg / mL, indicating that it had high antibacterial ability.

[0036] At the infection site of the plant, chitosan oligosaccharide will promote the accumulation of phenolic substances. Phenols are bactericidal substances and are also the precursors of lignin formation. Therefore, the increase of phenols in the plant can not only resist the disease itself, but also promote the lignification of the pathogen infection site, further enhancing the disease resistance of the plant.

[0037] The combination of chitosan oligosaccharide with pharmaceuticals, plant hormones, chitosan and P60 extract can prolong the duration of action, induce disease resistance in plants, and produce immunity and killing effects on a variety of fungi, bacteria and viruses. It can help plants resist environmental stress and harmful substances. This combination is more effective in asparagus cultivation and can significantly reduce the damage caused by stem blight to asparagus production.

[0038] In actual practice, water is 100-250 times more than other medicines.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] A composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following formula: 8 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of carbendazim, 6 parts of medicament, 6 parts of plant hormone, 8 parts of Trichoderma protein, 3 parts of Stellera chamaejasme extract, 14 parts of chitosan, 10 parts of P60 extract, 4 parts of Acanthus monnieri methanol extract, 3 parts of Psoralea corylifolia seed extract and water.

[0041] The drugs are various combinations of difenoconazole, mancozeb, methyl thiophanate and diniconazole. The plant hormones are various combinations of Paenibacillus polymyxa, gibberellins and naphthylacetic acid. The pH of the plant hormones is 5, the molecular weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000Da, and the concentration of the extract of Stellera chamaejasme is 2mg / mL.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] A composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following formula: 10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 5 parts of carbendazim, 9 parts of medicament, 9 parts of plant hormone, 12 parts of trichoderma protein, 6 parts of stellera chamaejasme extract, 19 parts of chitosan, 15 parts of P60 extract, 8 parts of acanthus monnieri methanol extract, 6 parts of psoralea corylifolia seed extract and water.

[0044] The drugs are various combinations of fenpropimorph, benomyl, methyl thiophanate and diniconazole, the plant hormones are various combinations of Bacillus polymyxa, 6-benzylaminopurine and naphthylacetic acid, the pH of the plant hormones is 5.8, the molecular weight of chitosan oligosaccharides is 2000Da, and the concentration of the Stellera chamaejasme extract is 5mg / mL.

[0045] Embodiment three:

[0046] A composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following formula: 9 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 4 parts of carbendazim, 7 parts of medicament, 7 parts of plant hormone, 10 parts of trichoderma protein, 5 parts of stellera chamaejasme extract, 16 parts of chitosan, 14 parts of P60 extract, 7 parts of acanthus monnieri methanol extract, 4 parts of psoralea corylifolia seed extract and water.

[0047] The drugs are various combinations of mancozeb, benomyl, methyl thiophanate and diniconazole. The plant hormones are various combinations of Paenibacillus polymyxa, 6-benzylaminopurine, paclobutrazol, gibberellins and naphthylacetic acid. The pH of the plant hormones is 5.5, the molecular weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 1500Da, and the concentration of the extract of Stellera chamaejasme is 3.5mg / mL.

[0048] Embodiment 4:

[0049] A composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following formula: 9 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 4 parts of carbendazim, 8 parts of medicament, 8 parts of plant hormone, 10 parts of trichoderma protein, 4 parts of stellera chamaejasme extract, 17 parts of chitosan, 13 parts of P60 extract, 6 parts of acanthus monnieri methanol extract, 4 parts of psoralea corylifolia seed extract and water. The medicament is difenoconazole, the plant hormone is Paenibacillus polymyxa, the pH of the plant hormone is 5.4, the molecular weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 1600Da, and the concentration of stellera chamaejasme extract is 4.5mg / mL.

[0050] Embodiment five:

[0051] A composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following formula: 9 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 4 parts of carbendazim, 7 parts of medicament, 7 parts of plant hormone, 10 parts of trichoderma protein, 5 parts of stellera chamaejasme extract, 18 parts of chitosan, 11 parts of P60 extract, 5 parts of acanthaceae methanol extract, 5 parts of psoralea corylifolia seed extract and water. The medicament is a combination of mancozeb, benomyl, methylthiophanate and diniconazole, and the plant hormone is a combination of Paenibacillus polymyxa, gibberellins and naphthylacetic acid. The pH of the plant hormone is 5.5, the molecular weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 1800Da, and the concentration of stellera chamaejasme extract is 4mg / mL.

[0052] Embodiment six:

[0053] A composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following formula: 9 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 4 parts of carbendazim, 8 parts of medicament, 8 parts of plant hormone, 10 parts of trichoderma protein, 4 parts of stellera chamaejasme extract, 15 parts of chitosan, 12 parts of P60 extract, 5 parts of acanthaceae methanol extract, 5 parts of psoralea corylifolia seed extract and water. The medicament is a combination of methyl thiophanate and diniconazole, and the plant hormone is a combination of gibberellin and naphthylacetic acid. The pH of the plant hormone is 5, the molecular weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 2000Da, and the concentration of stellera chamaejasme extract is 5mg / mL.

[0054] In Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4, Example 5 and Example 6, 150 times of water was used for dilution.

[0055] Asparagus is planted at a certain location and divided into 6 areas, which are isolated from each other. The pathogen of asparagus stem blight is sprayed on the planted asparagus. When it rains, spores released from mature conidiophores after the initial invasion of tender stems are washed out by rainwater, and secondary infection is caused to the base of the asparagus stems by airflow and rain splashing. The pathogen is most likely to invade when the stems are young and tender, and the infection rate is highest within 8 days after the tender stems grow. The infection rates of the 6 areas are respectively controlled at 90%, and then the composite pesticides of Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4, Example 5 and Example 6 are sprayed on the 6 areas with a sprayer.

[0056] The incidence of asparagus within 10 days was statistically analyzed and shown in the following table.

[0057] Morbidity on the second day (%) Morbidity on the 5th day (%) Morbidity on day 8 (%) Embodiment 1 62 25 8 Embodiment 2 64 24 5 Embodiment 3 70 32 6 Embodiment 4 68 21 6 Embodiment 5 63 18 4 Embodiment 6 68 20 3

[0058] From the above table, it can be seen that the composite pesticide of the present invention has a significant inhibitory effect on asparagus stem blight, especially on the eighth day after spraying, the incidence of asparagus stem blight is as low as 3%, which can significantly reduce the harm caused by stem blight to asparagus production.

[0059] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the full text is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following formula: 8-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3-5 parts of carbendazim, 6-9 parts of medicament, 6-9 parts of plant hormone, 8-12 parts of trichoderma protein, 3-6 parts of stellera chamaejasme extract, 14-19 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of P60 extract, 4-8 parts of acanthus monnieri methanol extract, 3-6 parts of psoralea corylifolia seed extract and water.

2. The composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medicament is one or a combination of difenoconazole, mancozeb, mancozeb, benomyl, methyl thiophanate or diniconazole.

3. The composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant hormone is one or more combinations of Bacillus polymyxa, 6-benzylaminopurine, paclobutrazol, gibberellin or naphthylacetic acid.

4. The composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pH of the plant hormone is 5-5.

8.

5. The composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-2000Da.

6. The composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH of the plant hormone is 5-5.

8.

7. The composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drug and plant hormone are configured in a 1:1 ratio when used.

8. The composite pesticide for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the Stellera chamaejasme extract is 1-5 mg / mL.