Locally removable removable denture design method based on large model

Abstract

The invention discloses a local removable movable denture design method based on a large model, which comprises the following steps: S1, collecting diversified oral cavity scanning data, and constructing a standard model covering different tooth arrangements, occlusion relationships and jaw structures; s2, scanning oral cavity model data of a target object to generate a 3D digital model; s3, comparing the generated 3D digital model with a standard model, and identifying and marking tooth restoration elements; and S4, determining a design scheme of the locally removable removable denture according to the marked tooth restoration elements. The method provided by the invention solves the challenges faced by current grassroots physicians and medical students in denture design, and has wide application prospects and social benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of oral restoration, and in particular relates to a method for designing a partial removable denture based on a large model. Background Art

[0002] Partial removable dentures (RPDs) are an important treatment for patients with edentulous teeth, especially for patients with poor oral conditions or limited economic conditions. However, when primary care physicians and medical students lack experience in the design of partial removable dentures, the restoration effect is not ideal.

[0003] Therefore, in order to promote the promotion of national basic medical care and improve the professional level of young doctors, it is necessary to provide a design method for partial removable dentures to simplify and optimize the design process. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the large-model-based partial removable denture design method provided by the present invention solves the problem that the existing related methods have high experience requirements, resulting in unsatisfactory restoration effects of the designed partial removable dentures.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a partial removable denture design method based on a large model, comprising the following steps: S1. Collect diverse oral scan data and build standard models covering different tooth arrangements, occlusal relationships and jaw structures; S2, scanning the oral model data of the target object to generate a 3D digital model; S3, comparing the generated 3D digital model with the standard model, identifying and marking the tooth restoration elements; S4. Determine the design of partial removable denture based on the marked tooth restoration elements.

[0006] Furthermore, the step S1 includes the following sub-steps: S11, collecting diverse oral scan data; The oral scan data includes tooth arrangement data, occlusal relationship data and jaw structure data under different ages, genders, races and dental conditions; S12, preprocessing the collected oral scan data, including data cleaning, standardization and data labeling; S13, extracting features from the preprocessed oral scan data, including geometric features, topological structure features, and functional features; S14. Based on the extracted features, a standard model is constructed and the model is verified and optimized; The standard model is constructed using a parametric model representing different tooth arrangements and jaw structures, as well as a machine learning model that simulates oral conditions.

[0007] Furthermore, the step S2 includes the following sub-steps: S21, performing intraoral scanning or laboratory scanning on the oral cavity of the target object to obtain oral cavity model data; S22, performing data cleaning and coordinate correction processing on the oral model data in sequence; S23, exporting the coordinate-corrected oral model data to generate a 3D digital model, and performing format conversion and model verification.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S21, performing intraoral scanning includes the following sub-steps: S21-1, calibrate scanning equipment; S21-2, using a calibrated scanning device to scan the oral region of the target subject in the order of maxilla, mandible, jaw arch, and occlusal surface; S21-2. During the scanning process, the scanning data is monitored in real time and the missed areas are scanned; S21-3. Save the scanned data as intraoral scanning data of point cloud or triangular mesh.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S21, performing laboratory scanning includes the following sub-steps: S21-4, constructing an oral model based on the intraoral scanning data, and cleaning and drying the model; S21-5, fixing the processed oral model; S21-6. According to the material and complexity of the oral model, set the scanning equipment parameters and scan the oral model in multiple angles and directions; S21-7. Complete the scan and obtain complete three-dimensional oral model data.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, the tooth restoration elements include difference information and key part information: Among them, the difference information includes the tooth defect area, the morphology and position of the remaining teeth, the occlusal relationship and the jaw structure; The critical part information includes the area that needs restoration, the natural teeth that can be used to support the denture, and the soft tissue boundaries.

[0011] Furthermore, the step S4 includes the following sub-steps: S41. Determine design parameters according to the marked tooth restoration elements; The design parameters include denture type, design goals and constraints; S42. According to the determined design parameters, determine the design elements of the removable denture, including the base, clasp, support and connector; S43. Perform denture wearing process simulation and biomechanical analysis based on design elements; S44. Based on the simulation and analysis results, make personalized adjustments to the design elements and determine the final design solution.

[0012] Furthermore, the step S1 also includes: constructing a case library based on the standard model, including the following sub-steps: S15. Apply standard models to the denture design process; S16. In the denture design process, the standard model is used as a parameter reference, the subject's oral scan data is matched with the standard model, and a denture design solution is generated based on the matching result; S17. Realize the denture design through different tooth arrangement forms, occlusal relationships and jaw structures; S18. Repeat steps S15 to S17 to construct a case library under various typical oral conditions.

[0013] Furthermore, the standard models in the case library also optimize model parameters through multimodal data fusion and biomechanical simulation; Among them, multimodal data include CT images and MRI images.

[0014] Furthermore, the step S2 also includes: S24, associating and storing the generated 3D digital model with the target object information; S25, import the 3D digital model into the denture design software and make preliminary annotations on it; The annotation content includes tooth number, missing tooth location and important anatomical landmarks.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) Simplify the design process: Large models provide standardized references, making denture design easier. Even inexperienced physicians can design high-quality dentures.

[0016] (2) Improve design accuracy: By comparing with the large model, the possibility of human error is reduced and the accuracy of the design is ensured.

[0017] (3) Strong adaptability: This method can be personalized according to the oral conditions of different patients and is suitable for a variety of complex clinical situations.

[0018] (4) Significant training effect: This device is particularly suitable for teaching and training of medical students and young doctors, and can significantly improve their design capabilities in actual operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method for designing partial removable dentures based on a large model provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0021] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a partial removable denture based on a large model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1. Collect diverse oral scan data and build standard models covering different tooth arrangements, occlusal relationships and jaw structures; S2, scanning the oral model data of the target object to generate a 3D digital model; S3, comparing the generated 3D digital model with the standard model, identifying and marking the tooth restoration elements; S4. Determine the design of partial removable denture based on the marked tooth restoration elements.

[0022] Step S1 of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following sub-steps: S11, collecting diverse oral scan data; Among them, oral scan data includes tooth arrangement data, occlusion relationship data and jaw structure data of different ages, genders, races and dental conditions; Specifically, oral scan data were collected from a large number of patients to ensure that patients of various ages, genders, races and dental conditions were covered; dental arrangement included normal arrangement, crowding, gaps and misalignment, etc.; occlusal relationship included Class I normal occlusion, Class II deep overbite and Class III crossbite, etc.; jaw structure included maxillary and mandibular developmental abnormalities, such as protrusion or retraction of the jaw; S12, preprocessing the collected oral scan data, including data cleaning, standardization and data labeling; Specifically, data cleaning refers to removing noise and incomplete data to ensure data quality; standardization processing refers to standardizing the scale, direction and position of data for subsequent analysis; data annotation refers to the use of professional software to manually or automatically annotate joint anatomical structures, including tooth morphology, periodontal tissue and jaw contour; S13, extracting features from the preprocessed oral scan data, including geometric features, topological structure features, and functional features; Specifically, geometric features include extracting three-dimensional morphological features of teeth and jaws, such as curvature, angle, length, and volume; topological structures include analyzing the spatial relationship and arrangement between teeth; functional features include evaluating occlusal contact points and bite force distribution; S14. Based on the extracted features, a standard model is constructed and the model is verified and optimized; Among them, the standard model is constructed through a parametric model representing different tooth arrangements and jaw structures, as well as a machine learning model that simulates oral conditions.

[0023] Specifically, statistical methods such as principal component analysis are used to establish the average model and variation pattern of tooth and jaw morphology, and to generate a parametric model that can represent different tooth arrangements and jaw structures. Deep learning algorithms such as convolutional neural networks and generative adversarial networks are used to learn complex morphological features and occlusal relationships. The model can generate a variety of oral condition models covering various clinical situations.

[0024] For model verification and optimization, in this embodiment, part of the data is used for model training, and the remaining data is used to verify the accuracy and robustness of the model. The oral conditions generated by the model are further evaluated by oral restoration experts to ensure its clinical usability. Finally, based on the verification results, the model parameters and algorithms are continuously adjusted to improve the accuracy and generalization ability of the model.

[0025] Step S1 of the embodiment of the present invention also includes: building a case library based on the standard model, including the following sub-steps: S15. Apply standard models to the denture design process; S16. In the denture design process, the standard model is used as a parameter reference, the subject's oral scan data is matched with the standard model, and a denture design solution is generated based on the matching result; Specifically, in the denture design software, the standard model is called as a reference benchmark; in the denture design software, the standard model is called as a reference benchmark; based on the matching results, a preliminary denture design plan is automatically generated, covering the position and shape of the clasp, base, bracket and connector; S17. Realize the denture design through different tooth arrangement forms, occlusal relationships and jaw structures; Specifically, the model includes normal and abnormal tooth arrangement forms, and can simulate crowding, gaps and misalignment by adjusting parameters; various occlusion types are integrated into the model, and Class I, Class II and Class III occlusion relationships can be simulated by adjusting the jaw position and tooth arrangement; the model takes into account the physiological and pathological variations of the jaw, including developmental abnormalities and skeletal deformities, to ensure that the designed dentures are still applicable under complex jaw conditions; S18, repeating steps S15 to S17 to construct a case library under various typical oral conditions; Specifically, a case library containing various typical oral conditions will be established for reference by doctors and students; and new patient data will be continuously collected to continuously enrich and update the standard model to maintain its advancement and applicability.

[0026] The standard model in the case library of the embodiment of the present invention also optimizes model parameters through multimodal data fusion and biomechanical simulation; wherein, the multimodal data includes CT images and MRI images, which enhance the model's ability to describe soft and hard tissues, and adds biological parameters to the model to simulate the bite force and denture stress conditions, thereby optimizing the functionality and comfort of the design.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, based on the above process, an intuitive three-dimensional visualization interface can be used to help doctors and students understand the design points under non-oral conditions; by simulating different clinical scenarios, learners' ability to handle complex cases can be improved.

[0028] In the above steps of this embodiment, the established standard model comprehensively covers different tooth arrangements, occlusal relationships and jaw structures, becoming the core basis for large model design. This model not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of partial removable denture design, but also provides a powerful auxiliary tool for doctors and students, promoting technological progress and talent training in the field of oral restoration.

[0029] Step S2 of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following sub-steps: S21, performing intraoral scanning or laboratory scanning on the oral cavity of the target object to obtain oral cavity model data; S22, performing data cleaning and coordinate correction processing on the oral model data in sequence; S23, exporting the coordinate-corrected oral model data to generate a 3D digital model, and performing format conversion and model verification.

[0030] In step S21 of this embodiment, a series of preparations need to be performed before scanning, including preparing the patient's oral cavity to ensure that the patient's oral cavity is clean and to remove physical residues and saliva to improve scanning accuracy; disinfecting the scanning equipment to ensure that it meets hygiene standards; and at the same time, the target object needs to wear protective equipment to prevent cross infection.

[0031] Furthermore, appropriate scanning equipment is selected, including intraoral scanning equipment and laboratory scanning equipment; among them, intraoral scanning equipment is suitable for scanning directly in the patient's mouth, and has the characteristics of real-time imaging and high precision; laboratory scanning equipment digitizes existing oral models (oral impressions or plaster models), has the characteristics of high precision, and is suitable for scanning complex structures.

[0032] On this basis, in step S21 of this embodiment, performing intraoral scanning includes the following sub-steps: S21-1, calibrate scanning equipment; Specifically, before scanning, calibration is performed according to the equipment requirements to ensure scanning accuracy; S21-2, using a calibrated scanning device to scan the oral region of the target subject in the order of maxilla, mandible, jaw arch, and occlusal surface; S21-2. During the scanning process, the scanning data is monitored in real time and the missed areas are scanned; S21-3. Save the scanned data as intraoral scanning data of point cloud or triangular mesh.

[0033] In step S21 of this embodiment, performing laboratory scanning includes the following sub-steps: S21-4, constructing an oral model based on the intraoral scanning data, and cleaning and drying the model; S21-5. Fix the processed oral model to ensure that the model is stable and motionless during the scanning process; S21-6. According to the material and complexity of the oral model, set the scanning equipment parameters and scan the oral model in multiple angles and directions; Specifically, scanning device parameters include scanning resolution and speed; S21-7. Complete the scan and obtain complete three-dimensional oral model data.

[0034] In step S22 of the present embodiment, data cleaning includes denoising, hole filling and mesh optimization; wherein, denoising refers to using software to remove noise and error points in the scan data; hole filling refers to filling in missing areas in the scan data to ensure model integrity; mesh optimization refers to optimizing the triangular mesh to reduce redundant faces and improve model quality.

[0035] Coordinate correction includes alignment of the coordinate system and reconstruction of the occlusal relationship. Alignment of the coordinate system refers to aligning the upper and lower jaw models into a unified coordinate system to facilitate subsequent design and analysis. Occlusal relationship reconstruction refers to reconstructing the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower jaws by recording the patient's occlusal position.

[0036] In step S23 of this embodiment, the processed oral model data is exported to a standard 3D model format, such as STL, OBJ, PLY, etc.; a compatibility check is performed on it to ensure compatibility with subsequent design software to avoid format mismatch problems.

[0037] Model verification includes accuracy verification and integrity check; accuracy verification refers to the use of measuring tools to verify that the accuracy of the model's key dimensions is consistent with the actual oral situation; integrity testing refers to checking whether the model has cracks, cavities or other defects, and repairing them if necessary.

[0038] Step S2 of the embodiment of the present invention also includes: S24, associating and storing the generated 3D digital model with the target object information; Specifically, the 3D digital model will be associated with the target object information to establish a complete digital archive, and data will be backed up regularly to prevent data loss and ensure information security; S25, import the 3D digital model into the denture design software and make preliminary annotations on it; Among them, the annotation content includes tooth number, missing tooth location and important anatomical landmarks; Specifically, the 3D digital model is imported into a dedicated denture design software to prepare for subsequent comparison and analysis. In the software, the model is preliminarily labeled, such as tooth number, missing tooth location, important anatomical landmarks, etc.

[0039] In the above steps of this embodiment, by using high-precision scanning equipment and professional data processing software, the actual oral condition of the patient can be converted into an accurate 3D digital model. This process is the basis of denture design and provides reliable data support for subsequent comparison analysis and denture design. The accurate 3D digital model not only improves the accuracy of the design, but also makes personalized denture customization possible, ultimately improving the patient's oral function and aesthetic effect.

[0040] In step S3 of the embodiment of the present invention, the tooth restoration elements include difference information and key part information: Among them, the difference information includes the area of ​​tooth loss, the shape and position of the remaining teeth, the occlusal relationship and the jaw structure; the key part information includes the area that needs to be repaired, the natural teeth that can be used to support the denture and the soft tissue boundary.

[0041] Step S4 of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following sub-steps: S41. Determine design parameters according to the marked tooth restoration elements; Among them, design parameters include denture type, design goals, and constraints; S42. According to the determined design parameters, determine the design elements of the removable denture, including the base, clasp, support and connector; S43. Perform denture wearing process simulation and biomechanical analysis based on design elements; S44. Based on the simulation and analysis results, make personalized adjustments to the design elements and determine the final design solution.

[0042] In step S41 of the present embodiment, for the denture type, according to the patient's specific situation and the comparison results, a suitable partial removable denture type is selected, such as a metal bracket denture, a resin base denture, etc.; further, according to the basic principles of oral rehabilitation, the design goals and restrictions are set, such as maintaining oral function, aesthetic requirements, patient comfort, etc.

[0043] In step S42 of the present embodiment, the design element base includes determining the base boundary and designing the base shape; wherein, the software is used to automatically generate the base boundary line according to the morphology of the gum line and the oral soft tissue, and then the automatically generated boundary is fine-tuned based on experience to ensure proper contact between the base edge and the soft tissue; for the base shape, the CAD function is used to generate a three-dimensional model of the base that conforms to the oral anatomical structure, and the thickness parameters of the base are set to ensure its strength and comfort for patients to wear.

[0044] In step S42 of the present embodiment, the design element clasp includes clasp selection and positioning as well as clasp shape design; wherein, according to the shape and position of the remaining teeth, a suitable clasp type and position are automatically recommended, and a specific clasp type (such as annular clasp, barbed clasp) is selected based on experience and its position is adjusted; for the clasp shape, the entry path of the clasp is determined to avoid interfering with other teeth in the occlusion, and a three-dimensional shape of the clasp is generated to ensure its fit and retention force with the tooth surface.

[0045] In step S42 of the present embodiment, the design element support includes determining the support position and designing the support shape; wherein, based on the comparison result of the occlusal force distribution, the optimal support position is determined to balance the force, and then the shape and size of the support are designed to ensure its stability and protection of the teeth. The shape of the support should fit the occlusal surface or lingual side of the natural tooth to avoid food impaction; further, the connection between the support and the base and the clasp should have a smooth transition to improve comfort.

[0046] In step S42 of the present embodiment, the design element connector includes a main connector and a secondary connector; wherein, for the main connector, the shape of the main connector is designed according to the overall structure of the denture, such as a band, a mesh or a rod; when determining the position, ensure that the connector does not affect the normal function of the tongue and other oral tissues; for the secondary connector, when necessary, add a secondary connector to enhance the stability and functionality of the denture to avoid over-design, increase the weight of the denture or affect the aesthetics.

[0047] In step S43 of this embodiment, for the wearing process simulation, by simulating the wearing process of the denture, checking whether there is interference or failure to fit in place, and simulating chewing and pronunciation functions, the effectiveness of the design is evaluated. For biomechanical analysis, finite element analysis is used to simulate the stress distribution of the denture under stress and optimize the structural design; and according to the analysis results, the appropriate material is selected to ensure the strength and durability of the denture.

[0048] In step S44 of this embodiment, when performing personalized adjustments, targeted adjustments are made in combination with the special needs or requirements of the target object, such as adding comfort pads, adjusting edge shapes, etc.; further, it also includes designing the arrangement and shape of the dentures in the actual tooth area to ensure coordination with the patient's dentition; selecting materials that match the color of the target object's teeth to enhance the aesthetic effect.

[0049] For the final design plan generated, the design models of each component are integrated into a complete denture 3D model, and design drawings containing the size, position and material of each component are generated. The technical parameters required for the design are output for reference in the manufacturing process.

[0050] Based on the above final design plan, the design model is exported into a format readable by manufacturing equipment, such as STL file, and specific manufacturing processes and techniques are formulated, such as 3D printing, casting or CNC machining; and detailed assembly and adjustment instructions are further provided to ensure that the denture achieves the best effect in the patient's mouth.

[0051] In this embodiment, through the above steps, using the comparison and analysis results, combined with professional design principles and advanced digital tools, a partial removable denture design scheme tailored to the individual patient's situation is generated. This scheme not only fully considers functionality and comfort, but also takes into account aesthetics and durability, laying a solid foundation for subsequent manufacturing and clinical application.

[0052] The present invention uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described herein are intended to help readers understand the principles of the present invention, and should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific variations and combinations that do not deviate from the essence of the present invention based on the technical revelations disclosed by the present invention, and these variations and combinations are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing partial removable dentures based on a large model, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Collect diverse oral scan data and build standard models covering different tooth arrangements, occlusal relationships and jaw structures; S2, scanning the oral model data of the target object to generate a 3D digital model; S3, comparing the generated 3D digital model with the standard model, identifying and marking the tooth restoration elements; S4. Determine the design of partial removable denture based on the marked tooth restoration elements.

2. The method for designing partial removable dentures based on a large model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 comprises the following sub-steps: S11, collecting diverse oral scan data; The oral scan data includes tooth arrangement data, occlusal relationship data and jaw structure data under different ages, genders, races and dental conditions; S12, preprocessing the collected oral scan data, including data cleaning, standardization and data labeling; S13, extracting features from the preprocessed oral scan data, including geometric features, topological structure features, and functional features; S14. Based on the extracted features, a standard model is constructed and the model is verified and optimized; The standard model is constructed using a parametric model representing different tooth arrangements and jaw structures, as well as a machine learning model that simulates oral conditions.

3. The method for designing partial removable dentures based on a large model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises the following sub-steps: S21, performing intraoral scanning or laboratory scanning on the oral cavity of the target object to obtain oral cavity model data; S22, performing data cleaning and coordinate correction processing on the oral model data in sequence; S23, exporting the coordinate-corrected oral model data to generate a 3D digital model, and performing format conversion and model verification.

4. The method for designing partial removable dentures based on a large model according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S21, performing intraoral scanning includes the following sub-steps: S21-1, calibrate scanning equipment; S21-2, using a calibrated scanning device to scan the oral region of the target subject in the order of maxilla, mandible, jaw arch, and occlusal surface; S21-2. During the scanning process, monitor the scanning data in real time and scan the missed areas; S21-3. Save the scanned data as intraoral scanning data of point cloud or triangular mesh.

5. The method for designing partial removable dentures based on large models according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S21, performing laboratory scanning includes the following sub-steps: S21-4, constructing an oral model based on the intraoral scanning data, and cleaning and drying the model; S21-5, fixing the processed oral model; S21-6. According to the material and complexity of the oral model, set the scanning equipment parameters and scan the oral model in multiple angles and directions; S21-7. Complete the scan and obtain complete three-dimensional oral model data.

6. The method for designing partial removable dentures based on a large model according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the tooth restoration elements include difference information and key part information: Among them, the difference information includes the tooth defect area, the morphology and position of the remaining teeth, the occlusal relationship and the jaw structure; The critical part information includes the area that needs restoration, the natural teeth that can be used to support the denture, and the soft tissue boundaries.

7. The method for designing partial removable dentures based on large models according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises the following sub-steps: S41. Determine design parameters according to the marked tooth restoration elements; The design parameters include denture type, design goals and constraints; S42. According to the determined design parameters, determine the design elements of the removable denture, including the base, clasp, support and connector; S43. Perform denture wearing process simulation and biomechanical analysis based on design elements; S44. Based on the simulation and analysis results, make personalized adjustments to the design elements and determine the final design solution.

8. The method for designing partial removable dentures based on large models according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step S1 also includes: constructing a case library based on the standard model, including the following sub-steps: S15. Apply standard models to the denture design process; S16. In the denture design process, the standard model is used as a parameter reference, the subject's oral scan data is matched with the standard model, and a denture design solution is generated based on the matching result; S17. Realize the denture design through different tooth arrangement forms, occlusal relationships and jaw structures; S18. Repeat steps S15 to S17 to construct a case library under various typical oral conditions.

9. The method for designing partial removable dentures based on a large model according to claim 8, characterized in that: The standard models in the case library also optimize model parameters through multimodal data fusion and biomechanical simulation; Among them, multimodal data include CT images and MRI images.

10. The method for designing partial removable dentures based on a large model according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S2 also includes: S24, associating and storing the generated 3D digital model with the target object information; S25, import the 3D digital model into the denture design software and make preliminary annotations on it; The annotation content includes tooth number, missing tooth location and important anatomical landmarks.

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