Preparation method of controllable material from macroscopic structure to nanostructure

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a controllable material from a macroscopic structure to a nano structure, which comprises the following steps of: injecting liquid A into liquid B at a flow speed V by a liquid injection system, and controlling the relative movement speed M and the movement track P of the liquid injection system in the liquid B, so that the injected liquid A forms a specific liquid bubble structure S in the liquid B; the liquid A and the liquid B are subjected to a liquid / liquid interface reaction to generate a nanometer film with a complex nanometer structure, and the nanometer film forms a nanometer material with a liquid bubble structure S along the formed specific liquid bubble structure S; wherein S = P (f1 * V / M), and f1 represents the section parameter of the liquid injection system. According to the preparation method of the nanomaterial with the controllable macroscopic structure, on the basis of regulating and controlling the nanostructure through interface reaction and controlling the macroscopic structure through 3D printing, the nanostructure and the interface reaction are organically fused, so that preparation of the nanomaterial with the controllable macroscopic structure and the controllable nanostructure is achieved, and application of the nanomaterial is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nano material preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano. Background Art

[0002] Nanomaterials have many excellent properties, and there are many studies on their preparation and application, which are highly anticipated by the majority of scientific research and industrial personnel. However, due to their special properties at the nanoscale, nanomaterials have also caused some problems in their applications, such as the dispersion and loss of nanomaterials. In short, it is necessary to maintain the nanoscale effect of nanomaterials while enabling effective contact and full play of their functions. However, it is not easy to apply nanoscale materials at present, and they are also very easy to lose, resulting in the loss of nanomaterials and serious environmental pollution of nanomaterials. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing materials with controllable structures from macro to nano structures, in order to address the problem that nano-scale materials are easily lost during the application process, resulting in nano-material loss and relatively serious environmental pollution caused by nano-materials. The method can realize the preparation of nano-materials with controllable structures from macro to nano structures, which is beneficial to the application of nano-materials and can solve the above-mentioned problems caused by the difficulties in the current application process of nano-scale materials.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano. The nano material is obtained by interface reaction of two different liquids A and liquid B. The preparation method is as follows: the liquid A is injected into the liquid B at a flow rate V by a liquid injection system, and the relative movement speed M and movement trajectory P of the liquid injection system in the liquid B are controlled, so that the injected liquid A forms a specific vacuole structure S in the liquid B; the liquid A and the liquid B react at the liquid / liquid interface to generate a nano film with a complex nano structure, and the nano film forms a macro nano material with the vacuole structure S along the formed specific vacuole structure S;

[0006] Among them, S=P(f1*V / M), where f1 represents the cross-sectional parameter of the liquid injection system.

[0007] Specifically, the method of the present invention is a method for preparing a controllable material 3D from macro to nano structure. In the method for preparing a controllable material from macro to nano structure proposed by the present invention, liquid A is injected into liquid B through a liquid injection system, and the relative movement speed M and movement trajectory P of the liquid injection system in liquid B and the injection speed V of liquid A are controlled to form a specific vacuole structure S in liquid B by injecting liquid A, and at the same time, an interfacial reaction occurs rapidly at the liquid / liquid interface of liquid A and liquid B, and a nanofilm with a complex nanostructure is generated under the control of the interfacial reaction. The nanofilm is continuously generated and improved as liquid A forms an interface in liquid B, and finally forms a macro nanomaterial with the vacuole structure S along the specific vacuole structure S. Among them, liquid A and liquid B can be mutually insoluble or mutually soluble.

[0008] The present invention regulates the nanostructure and composition of the nanofilm by designing a series of reactions on the interface where the solution contacts, and the generated nanofilm can have multi-layer components and multiple nanostructures; as the nanofilm is generated and improved, the interface reaction is hindered and eventually stopped.

[0009] Specifically, in the preparation method of the present invention, the relative movement speed M of the liquid injection system in liquid B, the movement trajectory P and the liquid A injection speed V jointly determine the macroscopic vacuole interface structure S=P(f1*V / M), that is, the vacuole interface structure S formed by scanning the movement trajectory P with f1*V / M as the cross-section, which serves as a template for the macroscopic to nanostructure of the macroscopic nanomaterial.

[0010] Furthermore, a method for preparing controllable materials from macroscopic to nanostructures: the liquid injection system includes: a pipette, a liquid pump and an injection tube; the liquid pump absorbs liquid A through the pipette and injects it into the liquid B through the injection tube at a flow rate V; the relative movement speed of the injection tube in the liquid B is controlled to be M and the movement trajectory is P.

[0011] Furthermore, a method for preparing a controllable material from macroscopic to nanostructure: the injection tube is configured to have a circular, elliptical or rectangular cross-section.

[0012] Furthermore, a method for preparing controllable materials from macro to nano structure: f1 represents the cross-sectional parameter of the injection tube.

[0013] Further, a method for preparing a controllable material from macroscopic to nanostructure: the relative motion speed M and motion trajectory P of the liquid injection system in the liquid B are regulated by a motion control system; the motion control system comprises: a lifting rod, a first adjusting rod, a motion control device and a second adjusting rod;

[0014] Among them, the first adjustment rod is arranged on the lifting rod and has the freedom of movement in the Y-axis direction; the motion control device is arranged on the first adjustment rod and has the freedom of movement in the X-axis direction; the second adjustment rod is connected to the motion control device and driven by it to have the freedom of movement in the Z-axis direction; the liquid pump and the injection pipe are connected to the second adjustment rod. Specifically, the injection pipe is controlled to move in liquid B through the first adjustment rod, the motion control device and the second adjustment rod, so that it has the freedom of movement in the X, Y and Z-axis directions, thereby realizing the control of the relative movement speed M and movement trajectory P of the liquid injection system (specifically the injection pipe) in liquid B.

[0015] Furthermore, a method for preparing a controllable material from macroscopic to nanostructure: the motion control system also includes a base; the lifting rod is fixedly arranged on the base.

[0016] Furthermore, a method for preparing a controllable material from macroscopic to nanostructure: the liquid A is a mixed solution of zinc sulfate and aluminum sulfate, and the concentration of zinc sulfate in the solution is 0.1-0.3 mol / L, and the concentration of aluminum sulfate is 0.1-0.3 mol / L.

[0017] Furthermore, a method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano is provided: the liquid B is obtained by dissolving 1.0 to 3.0 ml of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 0.5 to 1.0 ml of benzylamine, and 0.1 to 0.5 g of didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide in 5.0 to 15.0 ml of dodecane.

[0018] Specifically, the above-mentioned liquid A and liquid B only show one of them. There can be many interfacial reactions, and any one that can form a hard nanofilm structure can be, such as graphene, graphyne, phosphate, sulfate, etc.; in addition, there can be a layer of membrane, such as polyethersulfone membrane, phenolic resin membrane, etc., as long as a liquid-liquid interfacial reaction can be formed. At the same time, the surfactant (didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide) can be added or not added to the liquid B, which can be determined according to the interfacial reaction system.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] (1) The method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano provided by the present invention is based on the interfacial reaction regulation of nanostructure and 3D printing control of macrostructure, and realizes the 3D preparation process of macro nanomaterials with controllable structure from macro to nano by organically integrating the two. It is beneficial to the application of nanomaterials and can solve the problem that the application process of nanoscale materials is difficult and easy to leak, resulting in the loss of nanomaterials and the generation of relatively serious environmental pollution of nanomaterials.

[0021] (2) The method for preparing controllable materials from macro to nano structures provided by the present invention regulates the composition and nanostructure of the nano film generated by the interfacial reaction through the design and application of the interfacial reaction system. By controlling the relative movement speed M and movement trajectory P of the liquid injection system (i.e., the injection tube) in liquid B, and controlling the injection speed V of liquid A, the macroscopic vacuole structure interface composition S=P(f1*V / M) is jointly determined. This serves as a template for the nano to macro structure of macro nano materials, thereby achieving controllable preparation from nano to macro structures. Nano materials can be directly constructed into macroscopic materials or devices that can be directly applied according to design requirements, thereby achieving the purpose of facilitating the application of nano materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid injection system and motion control system involved in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 The cross-sectional structure diagram (i.e., scanning electron microscope diagram) of the nanofilm with complex nanostructure formed in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a side structural diagram (i.e., a scanning electron microscope image) of a nanofilm having a complex nanostructure formed in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 The markings in the figure are: 1-pipettor, 2-liquid pump, 3-injection tube, 4-lifting rod, 5-first adjusting rod, 6-motion control device, 7-second adjusting rod, 8-base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the position or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Moreover, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment 1 provides a method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano. The nano material is obtained by interface reaction between two different liquids A and B. The preparation method requires the use of a liquid injection system and a motion control system.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the liquid injection system comprises: a liquid pipette 1, a liquid pump 2 and an injection pipe 3, wherein the liquid pump 2 is connected and arranged on the liquid pipette 1, and the injection pipe 3 is connected and arranged on the liquid pump 2, wherein the liquid pump 2 absorbs liquid A through the liquid pipette 1 and injects the liquid A into the liquid B through the injection pipe 3 at a flow rate V, and the injection pipe 3 is arranged to have a circular cross-section, and the diameter of the injection pipe 3 is f1;

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the motion control system includes: a lifting rod 4, a first adjusting rod 5, a motion control device 6, a second adjusting rod 7 and a base 8; the lifting rod 4 is fixedly arranged on the base 8, the first adjusting rod 5 is arranged on the lifting rod 4 and has the degree of freedom of movement in the Y-axis direction, the motion control device 6 is arranged on the first adjusting rod 5 and has the degree of freedom of movement in the X-axis direction, and the second adjusting rod 7 is connected to the motion control device 6 and driven by it to have the degree of freedom of movement in the Z-axis direction; the liquid pump 2 and the injection pipe 3 are connected to the second adjusting rod 7, and the injection pipe 3 can be controlled to move in the liquid B through the first adjusting rod 5, the motion control device 6 and the second adjusting rod 7, so that the injection pipe 3 has the degree of freedom of movement in the X-, Y- and Z-axis directions, thereby realizing the control of the relative movement speed M and the movement trajectory P of the injection pipe 3 in the liquid B;

[0033] The preparation method of the controllable material from macroscopic to nanostructure is as follows:

[0034] The liquid pump 2 in the liquid injection system sucks the liquid A through the pipette 1 and injects it into the liquid B through the injection pipe 3 at a flow rate V, and the relative movement speed M and the movement trajectory P (vertical linear trajectory) of the injection pipe 3 in the liquid B are regulated by the motion control system, so that the injected liquid A forms a specific vacuole structure S (vertical cylindrical) in the liquid B;

[0035] An interfacial reaction occurs rapidly at the liquid / liquid interface of liquid A and liquid B, and a nanofilm with a complex nanostructure is generated under the control of the interfacial reaction (the cross-sectional and side electron microscopic images of the nanofilm are shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , the nanofilm is continuously generated and improved as liquid A forms an interface in liquid B, and finally forms a macroscopic nanomaterial having the vacuole structure S along a specific vacuole structure S, where S=P(f1*V / M);

[0036] Among them, liquid A is a mixed solution of zinc sulfate and aluminum sulfate, and the concentration of zinc sulfate in the solution is 0.1 mol / L, and the concentration of aluminum sulfate is 0.1 mol / L; liquid B is obtained by dissolving 1.0 ml of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 0.5 ml of benzylamine, and 0.1 g of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in 10.0 ml of dodecane.

[0037] In the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the relative movement speed M of the injection tube 3 in the liquid B, the movement trajectory P and the injection speed V of the liquid A jointly determine the macroscopic bubble interface structure S=P(f1*V / M), that is, the bubble interface structure S formed by scanning the movement trajectory P with f1*V / M as the cross-section, serves as a template for the macroscopic to nanostructure of macroscopic nanomaterials, thereby realizing controllable preparation from macroscopic to nanostructure, and being able to directly construct nanomaterials into macroscopic materials or devices that can be directly applied according to design requirements, thereby achieving the purpose of facilitating the application of nanomaterials and avoiding the loss of nanomaterials and the generation of more serious environmental pollution problems of nanomaterials.

[0038] The preparation method of the present invention is based on the interfacial reaction regulation of nanostructure and 3D printing control of macrostructure, and through the organic integration of the two, the 3D preparation of macroscopic nanomaterials with controllable structures from macro to nano is achieved, which is beneficial to the application of nanomaterials.

[0039] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. Any obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solution of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano, characterized in that: The material is obtained by interface reaction between two different liquids A and B, and the preparation method is as follows: The liquid A is injected into the liquid B at a flow rate V by a liquid injection system, and the relative movement speed M and movement trajectory P of the liquid injection system in the liquid B are controlled, so that the injected liquid A forms a specific vacuole structure S in the liquid B; The liquid A and the liquid B react at the liquid / liquid interface to generate a nanofilm with a complex nanostructure, and the nanofilm forms a macroscopic nanomaterial with the specific vacuole structure S along the formed vacuole structure S; Among them, S=P(f1*V / M), where f1 represents the cross-sectional parameter of the liquid injection system.

2. The method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid injection system comprises: a liquid suction pipe (1), a liquid pump (2) and an injection pipe (3); the liquid pump (2) sucks liquid A through the liquid suction pipe (1) and injects the liquid A into the liquid B through the injection pipe (3) at a flow rate V; The relative movement speed of the injection pipe (3) in the liquid B is controlled to be M and the movement trajectory is controlled to be P.

3. The method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The injection pipe (3) is configured to have a circular, elliptical or rectangular cross-section.

4. The method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: f1 represents the cross-sectional parameter of the injection pipe (3).

5. The method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nanometer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The relative movement speed M and the movement trajectory P of the liquid injection system in the liquid B are regulated by a motion control system; The motion control system comprises: a lifting rod (4), a first adjusting rod (5), a motion control device (6) and a second adjusting rod (7); The first adjusting rod (5) is arranged on the lifting rod (4) and has the freedom of movement in the Y-axis direction; the motion control device (6) is arranged on the first adjusting rod (5) and has the freedom of movement in the X-axis direction; the second adjusting rod (7) is connected to the motion control device (6) and is driven by the motion control device so that it has the freedom of movement in the Z-axis direction; the liquid pump (2) and the injection pipe (3) are connected to the second adjusting rod (7).

6. The method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The motion control system further comprises a base (8); the lifting rod (4) is fixedly arranged on the base (8).

7. A method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The liquid A is a mixed solution of zinc sulfate and aluminum sulfate, and the concentration of zinc sulfate in the solution is 0.1-0.3 mol / L, and the concentration of aluminum sulfate is 0.1-0.3 mol / L.

8. A method for preparing a material with controllable structure from macro to nano structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The liquid B is obtained by dissolving 1.0-3.0 ml of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 0.5-1.0 ml of benzylamine, and 0.1-0.5 g of didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide in 5.0-15.0 ml of dodecane.

Images