Spray head device, biological 3D printer and use method of biological 3D printer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biological 3D printing, in particular to a spray head device, a biological 3D printer and a using method of the biological 3D printer, and the spray head device comprises a moving seat, a suspension frame, an artery blood vessel printing assembly, a vein blood vessel printing assembly and a tissue printing assembly; the movable seat can move along an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis; the suspension is installed on the movable base and can move along with the movable base. The artery blood vessel printing assembly is installed on the suspension frame and can conduct spraying to form artery blood vessels. The vein blood vessel printing assembly is mounted on the suspension frame and can spray to form vein blood vessels; the tissue printing assembly is installed on the suspension frame and can spray to form human tissue. Complex biological structural bodies such as artificial blood vessels or kidneys can be smoothly printed, the printed artificial blood vessels are rich in structure, different parts forming the artificial blood vessels or kidneys can be printed at the same time, the printing efficiency and the resolution ratio are improved, and the printing cost is reduced. And the performance of the printed complex biological structures such as artificial blood vessels or kidneys is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biological 3D printing, and in particular to a nozzle device, a biological 3D printer and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] Bio-3D printing technology is a new technology that uses special "bio-ink" to manufacture artificial organs and biomedical products based on computer three-dimensional models. The core principle of bio-3D printing technology is to stack "bio-ink" containing cells, growth factors and nutrients layer by layer through computer control to form a three-dimensional tissue structure. This technology can not only generate tissues or organs with specific biological functions in vitro, such as skin, cartilage, blood vessels, etc., but also has the potential to print more complex organs (such as heart, kidney, etc.) in the future.

[0003] However, it is difficult to print complex biological structures when printing with the help of traditional nozzle devices. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a nozzle device, a biological 3D printer and a method of using the same, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to print complex biological structures by using a traditional nozzle device.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a nozzle device, comprising: A mobile seat capable of moving along the X, Y and Z axes; The suspension is mounted on the moving base and can move with the moving base; An arterial blood vessel printing component is mounted on the suspension and is capable of spraying to form an arterial blood vessel; A vein printing assembly is mounted on the suspension and is capable of spraying to form veins; The tissue printing component is mounted on the suspension and can spray to form human tissue.

[0006] In some embodiments, the arterial blood vessel printing assembly includes: A first spray barrel, having a first liquid inlet pipe formed on the side wall and a first liquid outlet pipe formed on the bottom; The second spray barrel is installed on the top of the first spray barrel, and a second liquid inlet pipe is formed on the side wall and a second liquid outlet pipe is formed on the bottom; the second liquid outlet pipe is inserted into the first liquid outlet pipe; The third spray barrel is installed on the top of the second spray barrel, and a third liquid inlet pipe is formed on the side wall and a third liquid outlet pipe is formed on the bottom; the third liquid outlet pipe is inserted into the second liquid outlet pipe; The fourth spray barrel is installed on the top of the third spray barrel, and the top is installed on the bottom of the suspension. The side wall is formed with a fourth liquid inlet pipe, and the bottom is formed with a fourth liquid outlet pipe; the fourth liquid outlet pipe is penetrated in the third liquid outlet pipe.

[0007] In some embodiments, the diameter of the fourth liquid outlet pipe is d 1 , the diameter of the third liquid outlet pipe is d 2 , the diameter of the second liquid outlet pipe is d 3 , the diameter of the first liquid outlet pipe is d 4 ;d 2 / d 1 =1.2~1.4, d 3 / d 1 =1.5~1.8, d 4 / d 1 =2.0~2.5.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first liquid inlet pipe and the second liquid inlet pipe are arranged in a vertically staggered manner; the second liquid inlet pipe and the third liquid inlet pipe are arranged in a vertically staggered manner; and the third liquid inlet pipe and the fourth liquid inlet pipe are arranged in a vertically staggered manner.

[0009] In some of these embodiments, the structure of the venous blood vessel printing component is the same as the structure of the arterial blood vessel printing component.

[0010] In some embodiments, the tissue printing component includes: A mounting cylinder, the top of which is mounted on the bottom of the suspension; There are multiple nozzles, all of which are inserted into the installation tube and distributed in an array; a liquid inlet section is formed at the top of each nozzle, and a liquid outlet section is formed at the bottom.

[0011] In some embodiments, the liquid inlet section is a hard tube, and the liquid outlet section is a soft tube; The tissue printing component also includes: There are multiple mouth shape adjusting pieces, which are sleeved on the outside of the liquid outlet section of the nozzle in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple nozzles.

[0012] In some of the embodiments, the movable seat is provided with a first movable shaft sleeve and a second movable shaft sleeve; the axes of the first movable shaft sleeve and the second movable shaft sleeve are perpendicular to each other.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a biological 3D printer, including a nozzle device.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for using a biological 3D printer, which is implemented using a nozzle device and includes the following steps: S1. Adjust the position of the movable seat to adjust the positions of the suspension, the arterial blood vessel printing component, the venous blood vessel printing component and the tissue printing component; S2. Four bio-printing inks are input into the arterial blood vessel printing component to form arterial blood vessels by jetting; four bio-printing inks are input into the venous blood vessel printing component to form venous blood vessels by jetting; and more than one bio-printing ink is input into the tissue printing component to form human tissue by jetting.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the nozzle device of the present invention is provided with a movable seat, a suspension, an arterial blood vessel printing component, a venous blood vessel printing component and a tissue printing component, and the movable seat moves along the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis to drive the suspension to move, and then drive the arterial blood vessel printing component, the venous blood vessel printing component and the tissue printing component to move, so as to adjust the positions of the arterial blood vessel printing component, the venous blood vessel printing component and the tissue printing component. Four biological printing inks are simultaneously input into the arterial blood vessel printing component, and the arterial blood vessel is formed by spraying the arterial blood vessel printing component. Four biological printing inks are simultaneously input into the venous blood vessel printing component, and the venous blood vessel printing component is used to spray to form the venous blood vessel. More than one biological printing ink is input into the tissue printing component, and the tissue printing component is used to spray to form human tissue. In this way, it is conducive to smoothly printing complex biological structures such as artificial blood vessels or kidneys, and the structure of the printed artificial blood vessels is also relatively rich, and different parts constituting the artificial blood vessels or kidneys can be printed at the same time, which improves the printing efficiency and resolution, improves the cell survival rate, and ensures the performance of the printed complex biological structures such as artificial blood vessels or kidneys. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of some specific embodiments of a nozzle device of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the arterial blood vessel printing component in the nozzle device shown; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 An exploded view of an arterial blood vessel printing assembly is shown; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tissue printing assembly in the nozzle device shown; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the suspension in the nozzle device shown; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the movable seat in the nozzle device shown; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 An exploded view of the mobile seat shown; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of some specific embodiments of a biological 3D printer of the present invention.

[0017] In the accompanying drawings, 100, nozzle device; 110, movable seat; 111, pad; 112, lower support; 1121, first groove; 11211, first limiting protrusion; 113, middle support; 1131, second groove; 11311, second limiting protrusion; 1132, third groove; 1133, restraining ring; 114, upper support; 1141, fourth groove; 11411, fourth limiting protrusion; 115, first movable sleeve; 1151, first limiting groove; 116, second movable sleeve; 1161, second limiting groove; 117, bolt; 120, suspension; 121, bottom plate; 1211, over Tube hole; 122, side panel; 130, arterial blood vessel printing assembly; 131, first spray barrel; 1311, first liquid inlet pipe; 1312, first liquid outlet pipe; 132, second spray barrel; 1321, second liquid inlet pipe; 1322, second liquid outlet pipe; 133, third spray barrel; 1331, third liquid inlet pipe; 1332, third liquid outlet pipe; 134, fourth spray barrel; 1341, fourth liquid inlet pipe; 1342, fourth liquid outlet pipe; 140, venous blood vessel printing assembly; 150, tissue printing assembly; 151, mounting barrel; 152, spray barrel; 1521, liquid inlet section; 1522, liquid outlet section; 200, frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that, for artificial blood vessels, they include multi-layer structures such as endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and adventitial cells. When printing artificial blood vessels with the help of traditional nozzle devices, it is difficult to print artificial blood vessels. Even if the artificial blood vessels can be barely printed, the structure of the printed artificial blood vessels is relatively simplified, and the multi-layer complex structure of the artificial blood vessels cannot be printed at the same time, resulting in low printing efficiency, low printing resolution, and low performance of the printed artificial blood vessels. For organs such as artificial kidneys, they include complex structures such as arterial blood vessels, venous blood vessels and renal tissue. When printing artificial kidneys with the help of traditional nozzle devices, it is difficult to print artificial kidneys. Even if the artificial kidneys can be barely printed, the structure of the printed artificial kidneys is relatively simplified, and the arterial blood vessels, venous blood vessels and renal tissue cannot be printed at the same time, resulting in low printing efficiency, low printing resolution, and low performance of the printed artificial kidneys. In addition, low printing efficiency will greatly reduce the survival rate of cells.

[0020] To solve the above problems, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 In a first aspect, the present invention provides a nozzle device 100, comprising a movable seat 110, a suspension 120, an arterial blood vessel printing component 130, a venous blood vessel printing component 140 and a tissue printing component 150. The movable seat 110 can move along the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis. The suspension 120 is mounted on the movable seat 110 and can move with the movable seat 110. The arterial blood vessel printing component 130 is mounted on the suspension 120 and can spray to form arterial blood vessels. The venous blood vessel printing component 140 is mounted on the suspension 120 and can spray to form venous blood vessels. The tissue printing component 150 is mounted on the suspension 120 and can spray to form human tissue.

[0021] The working process and principle of the nozzle device 100 are as follows: First, the moving seat 110 moves along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis to drive the suspension 120 to move, and then drive the arterial blood vessel printing component 130, the venous blood vessel printing component 140 and the tissue printing component 150 to move, so as to adjust the positions of the arterial blood vessel printing component 130, the venous blood vessel printing component 140 and the tissue printing component 150. Then, four biological printing inks are simultaneously input into the arterial blood vessel printing component 130, and the arterial blood vessel is formed by spraying the arterial blood vessel printing component 130. Four biological printing inks are simultaneously input into the venous blood vessel printing component 140, and the venous blood vessel printing component 140 is used to spray to form the venous blood vessel. More than one biological printing ink is input into the tissue printing component 150, and the tissue printing component 150 is used to spray to form human tissue. In this way, it is conducive to smoothly printing complex biological structures such as artificial blood vessels or kidneys, and the structure of the printed artificial blood vessels is also relatively rich, and different parts constituting the artificial blood vessels or kidneys can be printed at the same time, which improves the printing efficiency and resolution, improves the cell survival rate, and ensures the performance of the printed complex biological structures such as artificial blood vessels or kidneys.

[0022] Preferably, the suspension 120 is mounted on the bottom of the movable base 110. The arterial blood vessel printing assembly 130 is mounted on the bottom of one end of the suspension 120, the venous blood vessel printing assembly 140 is mounted on the bottom of the other end of the suspension 120, and the tissue printing assembly 150 is mounted on the bottom of the middle part of the suspension 120, which is conducive to printing complex structures such as artificial blood vessels or kidneys.

[0023] Specifically, in the example, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the arterial blood vessel printing assembly 130 includes a first spray barrel 131, a second spray barrel 132, a third spray barrel 133 and a fourth spray barrel 134. A first liquid inlet pipe 1311 is formed on the side wall of the first spray barrel 131, and a first liquid outlet pipe 1312 is formed at the bottom. The second spray barrel 132 is installed at the top of the first spray barrel 131. A second liquid inlet pipe 1321 is formed on the side wall of the second spray barrel 132, and a second liquid outlet pipe 1322 is formed at the bottom. The second liquid outlet pipe 1322 is penetrated in the first liquid outlet pipe 1312. The third spray barrel 133 is installed at the top of the second spray barrel 132. A third liquid inlet pipe 1331 is formed on the side wall of the third spray barrel 133, and a third liquid outlet pipe 1332 is formed at the bottom. The third liquid outlet pipe 1332 is penetrated in the second liquid outlet pipe 1322. The fourth spray barrel 134 is installed at the top of the third spray barrel 133, and the top is installed at the bottom of the suspension 120. A fourth liquid inlet pipe 1341 is formed on the side wall of the fourth spray barrel 134 , and a fourth liquid outlet pipe 1342 is formed at the bottom. The fourth liquid outlet pipe 1342 is inserted into the third liquid outlet pipe 1332 .

[0024] It should be noted that the calibers of the first liquid outlet pipe 1312, the second liquid outlet pipe 1322, the third liquid outlet pipe 1332 and the fourth liquid outlet pipe 1342 decrease in sequence, the first liquid outlet pipe 1312 is located at the outermost layer, the second liquid outlet pipe 1322 is located at the second outer layer, the third liquid outlet pipe 1332 is located at the second inner layer, and the fourth liquid outlet pipe 1342 is located at the innermost layer. At the same time, one biological printing ink is input into the first liquid inlet pipe 1311, another biological printing ink is input into the second liquid inlet pipe 1321, another biological printing ink is input into the third liquid inlet pipe 1331, and another biological printing ink is input into the fourth liquid inlet pipe 1341. The four biological printing inks flow out from the corresponding liquid outlet pipes at the same time, and simultaneously form the sacrificial layer, endothelial layer, smooth muscle layer and adventitia layer of the arterial blood vessel arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, thereby improving the printing efficiency and resolution of the arterial blood vessel. Of course, the same biological printing ink can also be simultaneously input into the first liquid inlet pipe 1311, the second liquid inlet pipe 1321, the third liquid inlet pipe 1331 and the fourth liquid inlet pipe 1341 to meet specific working conditions.

[0025] Preferably, the diameter of the fourth liquid outlet pipe 1342 is d 1 The diameter of the third liquid outlet pipe 1332 is d 2 The diameter of the second liquid outlet pipe 1322 is d 3 The diameter of the first liquid outlet pipe 1312 is d 4 .d 2 / d 1 =1.2~1.4, d 3 / d 1 =1.5~1.8, d 4 / d 1=2.0~2.5. In this way, the printed artificial artery is closer to the actual human artery. The calibers of the first liquid inlet pipe 1311, the second liquid inlet pipe 1321, the third liquid inlet pipe 1331 and the fourth liquid inlet pipe 1341 can be the same or different.

[0026] Preferably, the first liquid inlet pipe 1311 and the second liquid inlet pipe 1321 are staggered up and down, and the axis angle between the first liquid inlet pipe 1311 and the second liquid inlet pipe 1321 is 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150° or 180°. The second liquid inlet pipe 1321 and the third liquid inlet pipe 1331 are staggered up and down, and the axis angle between the second liquid inlet pipe 1321 and the third liquid inlet pipe 1331 is 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150° or 180°. The third liquid inlet pipe 1331 and the fourth liquid inlet pipe 1341 are staggered up and down, and the axis angle between the third liquid inlet pipe 1331 and the fourth liquid inlet pipe 1341 is 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150° or 180°. The first liquid inlet pipe 1311 and the third liquid inlet pipe 1331 are vertically opposite to each other, while the second liquid inlet pipe 1321 and the fourth liquid inlet pipe 1341 are vertically opposite to each other to avoid interference with the positions of the liquid inlet pipes and prevent the infusion hose from being connected incorrectly.

[0027] Preferably, the top and bottom of the first spray barrel 131 are respectively provided with connecting flanges. The top and bottom of the second spray barrel 132 are respectively provided with connecting flanges. The top and bottom of the third spray barrel 133 are respectively provided with connecting flanges. The top and bottom of the fourth spray barrel 134 are respectively provided with connecting flanges. Threaded holes are respectively provided on the connecting flanges, and screws can be used to fix the connecting flanges to fix the first spray barrel 131, the second spray barrel 132, the third spray barrel 133, the fourth spray barrel 134 and the suspension 120. In this way, the assembly, use, disassembly and replacement of the arterial blood vessel printing component 130 are facilitated. The connecting flange increases the contact area during connection, thereby improving the stability of the connection.

[0028] Specifically, in the example, Figure 1As shown, the structure of the venous blood vessel printing component 140 is the same as that of the arterial blood vessel printing component 130. At the same time, a biological printing ink is input into the first liquid inlet pipe 1311 of the first nozzle 131 of the venous blood vessel printing component 140, another biological printing ink is input into the second liquid inlet pipe 1321 of the second nozzle 132 of the venous blood vessel printing component 140, another biological printing ink is input into the third liquid inlet pipe 1331 of the third nozzle 133 of the venous blood vessel printing component 140, and another biological printing ink is input into the fourth liquid inlet pipe 1341 of the fourth nozzle 134 of the venous blood vessel printing component 140. The four biological printing inks flow out from the corresponding liquid outlet pipes at the same time, and simultaneously form the sacrificial layer, endothelial layer, smooth muscle layer and adventitia layer of the venous blood vessel arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, thereby improving the printing efficiency and resolution of the venous blood vessel. Of course, the same biological printing ink can also be simultaneously input into the first liquid inlet pipe 1311, the second liquid inlet pipe 1321, the third liquid inlet pipe 1331 and the fourth liquid inlet pipe 1341 of the venous blood vessel printing component 140 to meet specific working conditions.

[0029] Specifically, in the example, Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the tissue printing assembly 150 includes a mounting tube 151 and a plurality of nozzles 152. The top of the mounting tube 151 is mounted on the bottom of the suspension 120, and can protect the plurality of nozzles 152. The plurality of nozzles 152 are all arranged in the mounting tube 151 and are distributed in an array. A liquid inlet section 1521 is formed at the top of each nozzle 152, and a liquid outlet section 1522 is formed at the bottom.

[0030] It should be noted that the liquid inlet section 1521 of each nozzle 152 is connected to the liquid supply device through a liquid infusion hose. The same biological printing ink can be input into multiple nozzles 152, or different biological printing inks can be input into each nozzle 152 to jet and print human tissue (kidney tissue, liver tissue or heart tissue, etc.).

[0031] Preferably, a connecting flange is formed on the top of the mounting cylinder 151. A threaded hole is provided on the connecting flange to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the mounting cylinder 151 and the suspension 120. The connecting flange improves the stability of the connection between the tissue printing assembly 150 and the suspension 120.

[0032] Preferably, the number of nozzles 152 is 6, 9 or 12, which can be selected according to printing requirements.

[0033] Preferably, the plurality of nozzles 152 are arranged in multiple rows and columns, in a rectangular array, in a circular array, in a diamond array, or in a triangular array.

[0034] Preferably, the liquid inlet section 1521 of each nozzle 152 is a hard tube, and the liquid outlet section 1522 is a hose. The tissue printing assembly 150 also includes a plurality of mouth shape adjusting parts. The plurality of mouth shape adjusting parts are sleeved on the outside of the liquid outlet section 1522 of the nozzle 152 in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of nozzles 152 to adjust the shape of the outlet of the liquid outlet section 1522 of each nozzle 152. It should be noted that the top of each mouth shape adjusting part is installed in the mounting tube 151. The cross section of each mouth shape adjusting part can be square, circular, prismatic or triangular, etc. Under the impact force of fluid flow, the hose is deformed and fits on the inner wall of the corresponding mouth shape adjusting part. With the help of the shape of the cross section of the mouth shape adjusting part, the shape of the outlet of the liquid outlet section 1522 of each nozzle 152 is adjusted to square, circular, prismatic or triangular to meet more complex printing requirements.

[0035] Specifically, in the example, Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the suspension 120 includes a bottom plate 121 and two side plates 122. The two side plates 122 are fixedly mounted on opposite sides of the bottom plate 121. A clearance hole is provided in the middle of the bottom plate 121 for the installation cylinder 151 of the tissue printing assembly 150 to pass through. The bottom plate 121 is also provided with threaded holes for the installation of the tissue printing assembly 150, the arterial blood vessel printing assembly 130 and the venous blood vessel printing assembly 140.

[0036] Preferably, two tube holes 1211 are provided in the middle of the bottom plate 121. The tube holes 1211 are used for the infusion hose to pass through, so as to limit the position of the infusion hose, thereby improving the regularity of the layout of the infusion hose.

[0037] Preferably, threaded holes are respectively opened on the tops of the two side plates 122 to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the suspension 120 and the movable seat 110 .

[0038] Specifically, in the example, Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the movable seat 110 includes a pad 111, a lower support 112, a middle support 113, an upper support 114, a first movable sleeve 115, a second movable sleeve 116 and four bolts 117. Threaded holes are provided on the side wall of the pad 111 to facilitate the fixed connection between the pad 111 and the bottom of the side plate 122 of the suspension 120. Threaded holes are provided at the four corners of the pad 111, the lower support 112, the middle support 113 and the upper support 114. The pad 111, the lower support 112, the middle support 113 and the upper support 114 are fixedly connected by four threaded holes and four bolts 117 to facilitate the assembly, use and disassembly and replacement of the movable seat 110. Among them, first grooves 1121 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the top of the lower support 112. Third grooves 1132 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the bottom of the middle support 113. The first groove 1121 and the third groove 1132 are combined to form a first accommodating chamber for accommodating the end of the first movable sleeve 115. A first limiting protrusion 11211 is provided in the first groove 1121, and a third limiting protrusion is provided in the third groove 1132. Correspondingly, an annular first limiting groove 1151 is provided at opposite ends of the first movable sleeve 115. The first limiting groove 1151 is respectively adapted to the first limiting protrusion 11211 and the third limiting protrusion. The first limiting groove 1151, the first limiting protrusion 11211 and the third limiting protrusion cooperate with each other to limit the movement of the first movable sleeve 115 relative to the lower support 112. The second groove 1131 is provided on opposite sides of the top of the middle support 113. The fourth groove 1141 is provided on opposite sides of the bottom of the upper support 114. The second groove 1131 and the fourth groove 1141 are combined to form a second accommodating chamber for accommodating the end of the second movable sleeve 116. A second limiting protrusion 11311 is provided in the second groove 1131, and a fourth limiting protrusion 11411 is provided in the fourth groove 1141. Correspondingly, annular second limiting grooves 1161 are provided at opposite ends of the second movable sleeve 116. The second limiting groove 1161 is adapted to the second limiting protrusion 11311 and the fourth limiting protrusion 11411 respectively. The second limiting groove 1161, the second limiting protrusion 11311 and the fourth limiting protrusion 11411 cooperate with each other to limit the movement of the second movable sleeve 116 relative to the middle support 113. It should be pointed out that the axes of the first movable sleeve 115 and the second movable sleeve 116 are perpendicular to each other. The first movable sleeve 115 is sleeved on the first guide rod extending along the Y direction, and the second movable sleeve 116 is sleeved on the second guide rod extending along the X direction. The movable seat 110, the first guide rod and the second guide rod are driven to move along the Z direction by means of a Z-direction linear drive. The moving seat 110 is driven to move along the first guide rod by the Y-direction linear drive, and is driven to move along the second guide rod by the X-direction linear drive. Overall, the moving seat 110 can move along the X-direction, the Y-direction, and the Z-direction.

[0039] Preferably, constraint rings 1133 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the middle support 113. The constraint rings 1133 can be used for the infusion hoses arranged on the corresponding sides to pass through, so as to limit the position of the infusion hoses on the corresponding sides and improve the regularity of the layout of the infusion hoses on the corresponding sides.

[0040] Second, refer to Figure 8 The present invention also provides a biological 3D printer, including a nozzle device 100 and a frame 200. The movable seat 110 can be movably installed on the top of the frame 200 along the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis. A controller and a liquid supply device are also installed on the frame 200. Four biological printing inks are simultaneously input into the arterial blood vessel printing component 130, and the arterial blood vessel is formed by spraying the arterial blood vessel printing component 130. Four biological printing inks are simultaneously input into the venous blood vessel printing component 140, and the venous blood vessel printing component 140 is used to spray to form the venous blood vessel. More than one biological printing ink is input into the tissue printing component 150, and the tissue printing component 150 is used to spray to form human tissue. In this way, it is conducive to smoothly printing complex structures such as artificial blood vessels or kidneys, and the structure of the printed artificial blood vessels is also relatively rich, and different parts constituting the artificial blood vessels or kidneys can be printed at the same time, which improves the printing efficiency and resolution, improves the cell survival rate, and ensures the performance of the printed complex structures such as artificial blood vessels or kidneys.

[0041] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a method for using a biological 3D printer, which is implemented using the above-mentioned nozzle device 100 and includes the following steps: S1. Adjust the position of the movable base 110 to adjust the positions of the suspension 120, the arterial blood vessel printing assembly 130, the venous blood vessel printing assembly 140 and the tissue printing assembly 150.

[0042] S2. Four biological printing inks are input into the arterial printing component 130 to form arterial blood vessels by jetting. Four biological printing inks are input into the venous printing component 140 to form venous blood vessels by jetting. One or more biological printing inks are input into the tissue printing component 150 to form human tissue by jetting.

[0043] On the whole, it is conducive to the smooth printing of complex structures such as artificial blood vessels or kidneys. The structure of the printed artificial blood vessels is also relatively rich, and the different parts that constitute the artificial blood vessels or kidneys can be printed at the same time, which improves the printing efficiency and resolution, improves the cell survival rate, and ensures the performance of the printed complex structures such as artificial blood vessels or kidneys.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0046] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0048] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nozzle device, characterized in that: include: A mobile seat capable of moving along the X, Y and Z axes; A suspension, mounted on the moving seat, capable of moving with the moving seat; An arterial blood vessel printing assembly is mounted on the suspension and is capable of spraying to form an arterial blood vessel; A vein printing assembly is mounted on the suspension and is capable of spraying to form veins; The tissue printing component is installed on the suspension and can spray to form human tissue.

2. The nozzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arterial blood vessel printing assembly comprises: A first spray barrel, having a first liquid inlet pipe formed on the side wall and a first liquid outlet pipe formed on the bottom; A second spray barrel is installed on the top of the first spray barrel, with a second liquid inlet pipe formed on the side wall and a second liquid outlet pipe formed on the bottom; the second liquid outlet pipe is inserted into the first liquid outlet pipe; A third spray barrel is installed on the top of the second spray barrel, a third liquid inlet pipe is formed on the side wall, and a third liquid outlet pipe is formed on the bottom; the third liquid outlet pipe is inserted into the second liquid outlet pipe; The fourth spray barrel is installed on the top of the third spray barrel, and the top is installed on the bottom of the suspension. The side wall is formed with a fourth liquid inlet pipe, and the bottom is formed with a fourth liquid outlet pipe; the fourth liquid outlet pipe is penetrated in the third liquid outlet pipe.

3. The nozzle device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The caliber of the fourth liquid outlet pipe is d1, the caliber of the third liquid outlet pipe is d2, the caliber of the second liquid outlet pipe is d3, and the caliber of the first liquid outlet pipe is d4; d2 / d1=1.2~1.4, d3 / d1=1.5~1.8, d4 / d1=2.0~2.

5.

4. The nozzle device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first liquid inlet pipe and the second liquid inlet pipe are arranged in a vertically staggered manner; the second liquid inlet pipe and the third liquid inlet pipe are arranged in a vertically staggered manner; and the third liquid inlet pipe and the fourth liquid inlet pipe are arranged in a vertically staggered manner.

5. The nozzle device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The structure of the venous blood vessel printing component is the same as that of the arterial blood vessel printing component.

6. The nozzle device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The tissue printing component comprises: A mounting cylinder, the top of which is mounted on the bottom of the suspension; There are multiple nozzles, all of which are inserted into the installation tube and distributed in an array; a liquid inlet section is formed at the top of each nozzle, and a liquid outlet section is formed at the bottom.

7. The nozzle device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid inlet section is a hard tube, and the liquid outlet section is a soft tube; The tissue printing component also includes: There are multiple mouth shape adjusting pieces, which are sleeved on the outside of the liquid outlet section of the nozzle in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple nozzles.

8. The nozzle device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The movable seat is provided with a first movable shaft sleeve and a second movable shaft sleeve; the axes of the first movable shaft sleeve and the second movable shaft sleeve are perpendicular to each other.

9. A biological 3D printer, characterized in that: A nozzle device comprising any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method for using a biological 3D printer, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using the nozzle device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: S1. Adjust the position of the movable seat to adjust the positions of the suspension, the arterial blood vessel printing assembly, the venous blood vessel printing assembly and the tissue printing assembly; S2. Input four biological printing inks into the arterial blood vessel printing component to form arterial blood vessels by jetting; input four biological printing inks into the venous blood vessel printing component to form venous blood vessels by jetting; input more than one biological printing ink into the tissue printing component to form human tissue by jetting.

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