Pomace and pericarp feed processing fermentation device and fermentation method

Abstract

The pomace and pericarp feed processing fermentation device comprises a crushing tank and a fermentation tank, a cover plate is movably mounted at the top of the fermentation tank, an exhaust pipe is mounted on the cover plate, a liquid storage pipe is fixed in the fermentation tank, and a solid fermentation area is formed between the outer wall surface of the liquid storage pipe and the inner wall surface of the fermentation tank. A material stirring mechanism is rotationally mounted on the liquid storage pipe in the solid fermentation area and comprises a sleeve, an electric heating plate is mounted in the wall body of the sleeve, an overflow hole is formed in the liquid storage pipe at the top of the solid fermentation area, a seepage hole communicated with the liquid storage pipe is formed in the fermentation tank on the bottom wall of the solid fermentation area, and a lifting plate is arranged in the liquid storage pipe; a liquid discharge pipe is fixed on the fermentation tank under the liquid storage pipe; and a slag discharge pipe is fixed on the fermentation tank at the bottom of the solid fermentation area. The method has the advantages that the residues and the fermentation liquor are fully contacted, the fermentation is uniform, and the prepared finished product has the advantages of high nutrition density and long preservation time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of feed fermentation, in particular to a device and a method for processing and fermenting pomace and peel feed. Background Art

[0002] Fruit peel is the waste produced by canned fruit production, and fruit pomace is the waste produced by juice production. Fruit peel and fruit pomace contain a large amount of soluble nutrients, have good palatability, and are excellent raw materials for fermented feed.

[0003] In the prior art, the processing of peel and pomace fermented feed is relatively extensive, and the peel and pomace are not pre-treated, which makes the subsequent fermentation time long and prone to uneven fermentation. During fermentation, more liquid (the liquid contains more microorganisms required for fermentation) will seep out from the bottom of the fermentation tank. The residue at the bottom of the fermentation tank is immersed in these liquids, which is prone to over-fermentation, while the residue at the top of the fermentation tank is not in contact with these liquids, and it is difficult to fully ferment. In addition, the existing fermented feed generally has the problem of high water content and poor storage resistance.

[0004] Therefore, the inventors propose a device and a method for processing and fermenting pomace and peel feed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fruit residue and peel feed processing and fermentation device and fermentation method, which has the advantages of sufficient contact between the residue and the fermentation liquid and uniform fermentation. The fermentation liquid is made into powder and then mixed with the dried fermented feed to make a finished product, which has the advantages of high nutritional density and long shelf life, and solves the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a pomace and peel feed processing and fermentation device, comprising a crushing tank and a fermentation tank, a cover plate is movably installed on the top of the fermentation tank, an exhaust pipe is installed on the cover plate, a liquid storage pipe is fixed inside the fermentation tank, a solid fermentation area is formed between the outer wall surface of the liquid storage pipe and the inner wall surface of the fermentation tank, a material stirring mechanism is rotatably installed on the liquid storage pipe in the solid fermentation area, the material stirring mechanism comprises a sleeve, an electric heating plate is installed inside the sleeve wall body, an overflow hole is opened on the liquid storage pipe at the top of the solid fermentation area, a seepage hole connected to the liquid storage pipe is opened on the fermentation tank on the bottom wall of the solid fermentation area, a lifting plate is arranged inside the liquid storage pipe, a drain pipe is fixed on the fermentation tank directly below the liquid storage pipe, and a slag discharge pipe is fixed on the fermentation tank at the bottom of the solid fermentation area.

[0007] A fermentation method using the above-mentioned pomace and peel feed processing and fermentation device comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Peels and pomace enter the crushing tank through the feed hopper and are cut and crushed by high-speed rotating blades;

[0009] S2: Open the cover plate and start the spiral feeding pipe. The crushed slag in the crushing tank is transported into the solid fermentation area of ​​the fermentation tank through the spiral feeding pipe. After the slag in the solid fermentation area reaches a preset amount, an appropriate amount of composite microbial additive is poured in;

[0010] S3: closing the cover plate to make the fermentation tank closed, and then starting the second motor to drive the sleeve to rotate, so that the support arm rotates horizontally in the solid fermentation area, and the paddle moves and rotates with the support arm to mix and stir the residue and the composite microbial additive in the solid fermentation area evenly;

[0011] S4: After the slag material is fermented for a period of time, fermentation liquid will seep out from the bottom of the solid fermentation area, and the fermentation liquid will enter the liquid storage pipe through the seepage hole. The fermentation liquid retained in the liquid storage pipe will be lifted upward by the rising lifting plate, and finally re-enter the top of the solid fermentation area through the overflow hole. The material stirring mechanism continues to operate to continue to mix the fermentation liquid with the slag material, and the cycle continues until the slag material is completely fermented;

[0012] S5: After the residue material is fermented, the valve on the discharge pipe is opened to discharge the fermentation liquid in the liquid storage pipe separately. After all the fermentation liquid in the fermentation tank is discharged, the residue discharge pipe is opened again to discharge the drained residue material separately;

[0013] S6: spray-drying the fermentation liquid obtained in S5 to obtain a powder, and drying the residue obtained in S5 to obtain a dry residue;

[0014] S7: The powder obtained in S6 and the dry residue are mixed evenly to obtain a dry fermented feed product.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention provides a liquid storage pipe in the fermentation tank, and installs a lift plate inside the liquid storage pipe, so that the fermentation liquid in the liquid storage pipe can be lifted upward and enter the top of the solid fermentation area. The use of a material stirring mechanism can also make the residue on the top of the solid fermentation area fully contact with the fermentation liquid, so that the residue in various places of the solid fermentation area can be fermented evenly.

[0017] After the residue material is fermented, the fermentation liquid is discharged separately through the liquid discharge pipe, and the drained fermented residue material is discharged separately through the residue discharge pipe, and then they are dried separately and mixed again to form the finished product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fermentation tank of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the exhaust pipe of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1. crushing tank; 101. feed hopper; 102. discharge pipe; 2. fermentation tank; 201. discharge pipe; 202. slag discharge pipe; 203. seepage hole; 3. spiral feeding pipe; 301. feeding hopper; 302. discharge pipe; 4. shaft; 401. blade; 5. cover plate; 6. exhaust pipe; 601. air hole; 7. liquid storage pipe; 701. overflow hole; 8. sleeve; 801. support arm; 802. paddle; 803. gear ring; 804. window; 9. lifting plate; 10. cylinder; 11. motor 2; 12. rotary lifting cylinder; 13. motor 1; 14. driving gear; 15. electric heating plate; 16. spring; 17. piston block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figures 1 to 5The present invention provides a technical solution: a fruit residue and peel feed processing and fermentation device, comprising a crushing tank 1 and a fermentation tank 2, a cover plate 5 is movably installed on the top of the fermentation tank 2, a rotary lifting cylinder 12 for driving the cover plate 5 to rise and fall and horizontally rotate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fermentation tank 2, and driving the cover plate 5 to rise and fall and horizontally rotate by the rotary lifting cylinder 12 is an existing conventional technology, an exhaust pipe 6 is installed on the cover plate 5, a liquid storage pipe 7 is fixed inside the fermentation tank 2, the liquid storage pipe 7 is located at the center of the fermentation tank 2, a solid fermentation area is formed between the outer wall surface of the liquid storage pipe 7 and the inner wall surface of the fermentation tank 2, a material stirring mechanism is rotatably installed on the liquid storage pipe 7 in the solid fermentation area, and the material stirring mechanism includes a sleeve 8, and an electric heating is installed inside the wall of the sleeve 8 Plate 15, in winter or when the temperature is low, by energizing the electric heating plate 15, the temperature in the solid fermentation area can be increased, thereby accelerating the fermentation. An overflow hole 701 is provided on the liquid storage pipe 7 at the top of the solid fermentation area, and the fermented liquid in the liquid storage pipe 7 can be discharged outward through the overflow hole 701. A seepage hole 203 connected to the liquid storage pipe 7 is provided on the fermentation tank 2 on the bottom wall of the solid fermentation area. The fermentation liquid produced by fermentation in the solid fermentation area enters the liquid storage pipe 7 through the seepage hole 203. A lifting plate 9 is arranged inside the liquid storage pipe 7. A discharge pipe 201 is fixed on the fermentation tank 2 directly below the liquid storage pipe 7, and a slag discharge pipe 202 is fixed on the fermentation tank 2 at the bottom of the solid fermentation area. Control valves are respectively installed on the discharge pipe 201 and the slag discharge pipe 202.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, a feed hopper 101 is fixed to one side of the top of the crushing tank 1, a discharge pipe 102 is fixed to the bottom of the crushing tank 1, a shaft 4 is rotatably installed inside the crushing tank 1, blades 401 are equidistantly arranged on the shaft 4, and a motor 13 is fixed to the top of the crushing tank 1 to drive the shaft 4 to rotate at high speed.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a spiral feeding pipe 3 is installed between the crushing tank 1 and the fermentation tank 2, a feeding hopper 301 is fixed at one end of the spiral feeding pipe 3, and a discharge pipe 302 is arranged at the other end, the discharge pipe 102 is connected with the feeding hopper 301, the fermentation tank 2 is located directly below the discharge pipe 302, and the crushed residue in the crushing tank 1 is discharged into the feeding hopper 301 through the discharge pipe 102. The spiral feeding pipe 3 is started to transport the residue to the top of the fermentation tank 2, and then discharged through the discharge pipe 302.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the sleeve 8 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the liquid storage tube 7, and a support arm 801 is fixed to the outside of the sleeve 8. A paddle 802 is rotatably mounted on the support arm 801. The rotation axis of the support arm 801 and the rotation axis of the paddle 802 are perpendicular to each other. When the sleeve 8 rotates, the support arm 801 and the paddle 802 rotate respectively, and the stirring and mixing effect is better.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a gear ring 803 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the top of the sleeve 8, a driving gear 14 meshing with the gear ring 803 is arranged above the solid fermentation area, and a motor 2 11 is fixed on the cover plate 5. The output end of the cover plate 5 extends to the interior of the fermentation tank 2 and is fixedly connected to the driving gear 14. When working, the motor 2 11 is started to drive the driving gear 14 to rotate, drive the gear ring 803 meshing therewith to rotate, and then drive the sleeve 8 to rotate on the outer wall of the liquid storage tube 7.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, a window 804 corresponding to the overflow hole 701 is provided on the sleeve 8 below the gear ring 803 , so that the fermentation liquid in the liquid storage tube 7 can be discharged through the overflow hole 701 and the window 804 .

[0031] The lifting plate 9 is lifted and lowered by a cylinder 10, which is fixedly mounted on the cover plate 5. The cylinder 10 drives the lifting plate 9 to lift and lower. Figure 3 When in the state, the cylinder 10 contracts to drive the lifting plate 9 to rise, thereby lifting the fermentation liquid in the liquid storage tube 7 upward, and finally allowing the fermentation liquid to enter the top of the solid fermentation area, so that the residue on the top of the solid fermentation area is infiltrated by the fermentation liquid, which is conducive to uniform fermentation.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, air holes 601 are evenly opened in the middle section of the exhaust pipe 6, and a piston block 17 is installed in the internal guide of the exhaust pipe 6 below the air hole 601. The piston block 17 and the top wall of the exhaust pipe 6 are fixedly connected by a spring 16. During the fermentation process, gas will be generated in the fermentation tank 2. If the pressure in the fermentation tank 2 is too high, there is a risk of explosion. The device is provided with an exhaust pipe 6. When the air pressure in the fermentation tank 2 is high, the gas will enter the exhaust pipe 6 and squeeze the piston block 17 upward. The spring 16 contracts, so that the piston block 17 is located above the air hole 601, and the gas in the exhaust pipe 6 can be discharged through the air hole 601 to relieve the pressure.

[0033] A fermentation method using the pomace and peel feed processing and fermentation device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1: The peel and pomace enter the crushing tank 1 through the feed hopper 101. A motor 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the crushing tank 1 to drive the shaft 4 to rotate at high speed. When working, the motor 13 is started to drive the driving gear 14 to rotate, so that the peel and pomace are cut and crushed by the high-speed rotating blade 401;

[0035] S2: Open the cover plate 5, start the spiral feeding pipe 3, and the crushed slag in the crushing tank 1 is transported to the solid fermentation area of ​​the fermentation tank 2 through the spiral feeding pipe 3. After the slag in the solid fermentation area reaches a preset amount, pour in an appropriate amount of composite microbial additives. The composite microbial additives generally include yeast, bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, etc. Adding the composite microbial additives will accelerate the fermentation rate and shorten the fermentation time;

[0036] S3: The cover plate 5 is driven to rotate to the top of the fermentation tank 2 by rotating the rotary lifting cylinder 12, and the rotary lifting cylinder 12 is then contracted to drive the cover plate 5 to cover the fermentation tank 2, and finally the cover plate 5 is fixedly installed on the fermentation tank 2 by bolts, so that the fermentation tank 2 is in a closed state, and the motor 2 11 is started to drive the driving gear 14 to rotate, and the gear ring 803 meshing therewith is driven to rotate, and then the sleeve 8 is driven to rotate, so that the support arm 801 rotates horizontally in the solid fermentation area, and the paddle 802 moves and rotates with the support arm 801, so that the slag material and the composite microbial additive in the solid fermentation area are mixed and stirred evenly, which is conducive to the uniform fermentation of the slag material.

[0037] S4: After the slag material is fermented for a period of time, fermentation liquid will seep out from the bottom of the solid fermentation area, and the fermentation liquid will enter the liquid storage tube 7 through the seepage hole 203. The fermentation liquid retained in the liquid storage tube 7 is lifted upward by the rising lifting plate 9, and finally re-enters the top of the solid fermentation area through the overflow hole 701. The material stirring mechanism continues to operate to continue to mix the fermentation liquid with the slag material, so that the slag material on the top of the solid fermentation area can also fully contact with the fermentation liquid, which is conducive to uniform and thorough fermentation. This cycle continues until the slag material is completely fermented;

[0038] S5: After the residue material is fermented, the valve on the drain pipe 201 is opened to discharge the fermentation liquid in the liquid storage pipe 7 separately. After all the fermentation liquid in the fermentation tank 2 is discharged, the residue discharge pipe 202 is opened to discharge the drained residue material separately;

[0039] S6: spray drying the fermentation liquid obtained in S5. In this device, the fermentation liquid is dried by a spray dryer to obtain a powder, and the residue obtained in S5 is dried to obtain a dry residue;

[0040] S7: The powder obtained in S6 and the dry residue are mixed evenly to obtain a dry fermented feed product.

[0041] The fermented feed produced by the above equipment and process has a lower water content and has the advantages of being more storable, having a higher nutritional density and a longer shelf life than general fermented feed.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for processing and fermenting pomace and peel feed, comprising a crushing tank (1) and a fermentation tank (2), characterized in that: A cover plate (5) is movably mounted on the top of the fermentation tank (2), an exhaust pipe (6) is mounted on the cover plate (5), a liquid storage pipe (7) is fixed inside the fermentation tank (2), a solid fermentation zone is formed between the outer wall surface of the liquid storage pipe (7) and the inner wall surface of the fermentation tank (2), a material stirring mechanism is rotatably mounted on the liquid storage pipe (7) in the solid fermentation zone, the material stirring mechanism comprises a sleeve (8), an electric heating plate (15) is mounted inside the wall of the sleeve (8), an overflow hole (701) is provided on the liquid storage pipe (7) at the top of the solid fermentation zone, a liquid seepage hole (203) connected to the liquid storage pipe (7) is provided on the fermentation tank (2) at the bottom wall of the solid fermentation zone, a lifting plate (9) is arranged inside the liquid storage pipe (7), a liquid discharge pipe (201) is fixed on the fermentation tank (2) directly below the liquid storage pipe (7), and a slag discharge pipe (202) is fixed on the fermentation tank (2) at the bottom of the solid fermentation zone.

2. The device for processing and fermenting pomace and peel feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed hopper (101) is fixed on one side of the top of the crushing tank (1), a discharge pipe (102) is fixed on the bottom of the crushing tank (1), and a shaft (4) is rotatably mounted inside the crushing tank (1), and blades (401) are equidistantly arranged on the shaft (4).

3. The device for processing and fermenting pomace and peel feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spiral feeding pipe (3) is arranged between the crushing tank (1) and the fermentation tank (2), a feeding hopper (301) is fixed at one end of the spiral feeding pipe (3), and a discharge pipe (302) is arranged at the other end, the discharge pipe (102) is connected to the feeding hopper (301), and the fermentation tank (2) is located directly below the discharge pipe (302).

4. The device for processing and fermenting pomace and peel feed according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotary lifting cylinder (12) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fermentation tank (2) and is used to drive the cover plate (5) to move up and down and rotate horizontally.

5. The device for processing and fermenting pomace and peel feed according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sleeve (8) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the liquid storage tube (7); a support arm (801) is fixed to the outside of the sleeve (8); a paddle (802) is rotatably mounted on the support arm (801); and a rotation axis of the support arm (801) and a rotation axis of the paddle (802) are perpendicular to each other.

6. The device for processing and fermenting pomace and peel feed according to claim 5, characterized in that: A gear ring (803) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the top of the sleeve (8), a driving gear (14) meshing with the gear ring (803) is arranged above the solid fermentation area, a motor 2 (11) is fixed on the cover plate (5), and the output end of the cover plate (5) extends to the interior of the fermentation tank (2) and is fixedly connected to the driving gear (14).

7. The device for processing and fermenting pomace and peel feed according to claim 6, characterized in that: A window (804) corresponding to the overflow hole (701) is provided on the sleeve (8) below the gear ring (803).

8. The device for processing and fermenting pomace and peel feed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting plate (9) is lifted and lowered by a cylinder (10), and the cylinder (10) is fixedly mounted on the cover plate (5).

9. The device for processing and fermenting pomace and peel feed according to claim 8, characterized in that: The middle section of the exhaust pipe (6) is evenly provided with air holes (601), and a piston block (17) is installed in the internal guide of the exhaust pipe (6) below the air holes (601), and the piston block (17) and the top wall of the exhaust pipe (6) are fixedly connected via a spring (16).

10. A fermentation method using the pomace and peel feed processing and fermentation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1: Fruit peels and fruit residues enter the crushing tank (1) through the feed hopper (101) and are cut and crushed by the high-speed rotating blades (401); S2: Open the cover plate (5), start the spiral feeding pipe (3), and the crushed residue in the crushing tank (1) is transported through the spiral feeding pipe (3) and discharged into the solid fermentation area of ​​the fermentation tank (2). After the residue in the solid fermentation area reaches a preset amount, an appropriate amount of composite microbial additive is poured in; S3: closing the cover plate (5) so that the fermentation tank (2) is in a closed state, and then starting the second motor (11) to drive the sleeve (8) to rotate, so that the support arm (801) rotates horizontally in the solid fermentation area, and the paddle (802) moves and rotates following the support arm (801), so as to mix and stir the residue and the composite microbial additive in the solid fermentation area evenly; S4: After the slag material is fermented for a period of time, fermentation liquid will seep out from the bottom of the solid fermentation area, and the fermentation liquid will enter the liquid storage pipe (7) through the seepage hole (203). The fermentation liquid retained in the liquid storage pipe (7) is lifted upward by the rising lifting plate (9), and finally re-enters the top of the solid fermentation area through the overflow hole (701). The material stirring mechanism continues to operate to continue mixing the fermentation liquid with the slag material, and the cycle is repeated until the slag material is completely fermented; S5: After the residue material is fermented, the valve on the liquid discharge pipe (201) is opened to discharge the fermentation liquid in the liquid storage pipe (7) separately. After all the fermentation liquid in the fermentation tank (2) is discharged, the residue discharge pipe (202) is opened to discharge the drained residue material separately. S6: spray-drying the fermentation liquid obtained in S5 to obtain a powder, and drying the residue obtained in S5 to obtain a dry residue; S7: The powder obtained in S6 and the dry residue are mixed evenly to obtain a dry fermented feed product.

Images