Well type tempering furnace

Abstract

The invention provides a pit type tempering furnace which comprises a furnace body, a loading disc and a driving device, the loading disc and the driving device are arranged in the furnace body, and the driving device controls the loading disc to enter or leave the furnace body; the multiple loading discs are sequentially arranged in the furnace body in the vertical direction and can move in the vertical direction, the driving device comprises one or more vertically-arranged screw rods, the screw rods penetrate through the loading discs, and the screw rods and the loading discs are matched to form screw rod connection. The screw rod drives the loading disc to move up and down in a lead screw connection mode, so that the loading disc can be driven to move inside and outside the furnace body, the situation that a lifting appliance is used for loading workpieces is avoided, and the workpiece loading and unloading efficiency is greatly improved; according to the invention, the distance between the loading discs can be reasonably set according to the height of the workpiece, so that a large number of loading discs are stacked in the vertical direction, the problems of hoisting strength, loading structure and the like do not need to be considered, the capacity of the workpiece in the furnace body can be greatly improved, and the overall tempering processing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of steel product processing, in particular to a pit-type tempering furnace. Background Art

[0002] A tempering furnace is a furnace welded from steel sections and steel plates. It is mainly used for high-temperature and low-temperature tempering and aging of various metal parts, discs and shafts in a relatively sealed cavity after carburizing and quenching. Tempering furnaces can be divided into box-type tempering furnaces and pit-type tempering furnaces according to their shape and structure. The box-type tempering furnace is usually a box-type furnace structure, which is heated by a built-in heat source or by introducing external high-temperature hot air. Because its internal furnace space is a square area, uneven temperature is prone to occur. Compared with a box-type tempering furnace, a pit-type tempering furnace is a vertically arranged well-shaped strip structure. When hot air is introduced from the bottom, the hot air will move upward by itself, forming a circulating airflow of up and down convection, so that the air inside the tempering furnace continues to circulate and the overall temperature is relatively uniform.

[0003] For the corresponding pit-type tempering furnace, its usage is to manually lift up and easily rotate to open the furnace cover, put the workpiece into the furnace, cover the lid, set the lower limit temperature to automatically turn on the fan for heating, and the hot air circulation fan makes the furnace temperature circulate evenly. However, due to its vertical pit structure, it is necessary to put the workpiece into the furnace from top to bottom by hoisting. This brings new problems, that is, the hoist needs to hoist heavy steel parts for a long time in a high temperature environment, which is easy to cause structural damage and cause the workpiece to fall. If an external hoist is used for continuous support in order to ensure the hoisting strength and avoid affecting the furnace structure, it will make it inconvenient to close the furnace cover, causing the hot air to dissipate quickly, and more energy will be consumed to maintain the high temperature of the furnace.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with application number CN202010632423.0 discloses a workpiece loading device and design method for a heat treatment pit tempering furnace. The workpiece loading device for the pit tempering furnace includes a hanger and a bracket for placing the workpiece to be heat treated in the pit tempering furnace. This loading device is formed by optimizing the structure of the bracket and the hanger. Specifically, the weak parts of the bracket and the hanger structure under full load are analyzed by finite element analysis, and the causes of stress in the weak parts are analyzed. The area of ​​the hanger installation surface is increased on the bracket structure in a targeted manner. At the same time, reinforcing ribs are designed on the four supporting ribs and an inner concave arc ring surface is designed on the outer circular ring to enhance its support area and rigidity.

[0005] Although the above scheme solves the problem of the strength of the sling, there are still other problems in the loading method using the sling, because it needs to use equipment such as a crane to lift the sling up and down, and then hang the steel parts on the sling, which makes the loading and unloading operations very cumbersome. It is also difficult to adjust the height in the vertical direction and place more workpieces, which affects the capacity utilization of the tempering furnace and is not conducive to improving the overall production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a pit-type tempering furnace, which solves the problem that the pit-type tempering furnace in the prior art uses a lifting method to load workpieces, resulting in cumbersome loading and unloading operations and affecting the capacity utilization of the tempering furnace.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a pit-type tempering furnace comprises a furnace body, a loading tray arranged inside the furnace body, and a driving device, wherein the driving device controls the loading tray to enter or leave the furnace body;

[0008] The furnace body is a vertically arranged closed cylindrical structure, the top of the furnace body is provided with an openable and closable furnace cover, and the furnace body is also provided with a heating device;

[0009] The loading trays include a plurality of loading trays, which are arranged in sequence inside the furnace body along the vertical direction, and are movably connected to the furnace body, so that the loading trays can move in the vertical direction to enter the furnace body or leave from the top of the furnace body;

[0010] The driving device includes one or more vertically arranged screw rods, and the loading plate is provided with a vertical threaded hole running through the upper and lower parts. The screw rod passes through the threaded hole and the two cooperate to form a screw connection, so that when the screw rod rotates, the loading plate is driven to move along the axial direction of the screw rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the furnace cover is a cylindrical structure with a closed top and an open bottom, and the top end of the screw extends out of the furnace top and into the furnace cover, so that the loading plate can be completely extended to the outside of the furnace through the screw.

[0012] Furthermore, the furnace cover includes two symmetrically arranged cover bodies, the top surfaces of the cover bodies are equally divided radially, and the bottom edges of the side surfaces of the cover bodies are rotatably connected to the top edges of the furnace body, so that the two cover bodies can rotate relative to each other, thereby rotating outward to open the furnace body or rotating inward to close the furnace body.

[0013] Furthermore, the loading plate is a circular structure, and the diameter of the loading plate decreases from top to bottom. A limiting ring protruding inward is provided on the inner wall of the furnace body, and the width of the limiting ring increases from top to bottom, that is, the inner diameter of the limiting ring decreases. The loading plates correspond to the limiting rings one by one, so that each loading plate is blocked by a limiting ring and cannot continue to move downward. Among the loading plates, only the bottom loading plate is connected to the screw rod, and the other loading plates are slidably connected to the screw.

[0014] Furthermore, the loading tray is a circular structure, and a plurality of concave slots are provided on the edge of the loading tray, and the depth of the slots increases from top to bottom. A limit block protruding inward is provided on the inner wall of the furnace body, and the length of the limit block increases from top to bottom. The loading trays correspond to the limit blocks one by one, so that the slots on each loading tray are blocked by a limit block, so that the loading tray cannot continue to move downward. Among the loading trays, only the bottommost loading tray is connected to the screw rod, and the other loading trays are slidably connected to the screw.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer edge of the loading tray is also provided with a slider extending outward, and the inner wall of the furnace body is provided with a concave vertical strip guide rail, and the slider is embedded in the guide rail and can move up and down along the guide rail.

[0016] Furthermore, rollers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slider corresponding to the inside of the guide rail, and the rollers are in close contact with two opposite inner walls of the guide rail.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of vertical support rods are arranged on the top surface of the loading tray, and the support rods are smaller than the set spacing between adjacent loading trays. A sleeve with a bottom opening is also arranged on the bottom surface of the loading tray corresponding to the support rods, and the sleeve is adapted to the support rods so that the support rods just extend into the sleeve.

[0018] Furthermore, the driving device also includes a motor arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, a driving gear is provided at the end of the output shaft of the motor, the bottom of the screw extends out of the bottom of the furnace body and is connected to a driven gear, and the driving gear simultaneously drives the driven gear on each screw to rotate, thereby driving all the gears to rotate synchronously.

[0019] Furthermore, the output shaft of the motor is coaxial with the center axis of the furnace body, the driving gear and the driven gear are vertically arranged bevel gears, and also include transmission rods connecting the driving gear and the driven gear. The number of transmission rods corresponds to the screw rods. The transmission rods are arranged radially along the furnace body, and transfer gears with bevel gear structures are respectively arranged at both ends of the transmission rods. The transfer gears are respectively meshed with the driving gear and the driven gear.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention arranges a plurality of loading trays distributed vertically inside the furnace body, and then drives the loading trays to move up and down by means of screw rod connection, so that the loading trays can be driven to move inside and outside the furnace body, and the workpieces can be loaded when the loading trays are moved to the top of the furnace body, and then moved to the center of the bottom of the furnace body for tempering processing, thereby avoiding the use of slings to load the workpieces, and greatly improving the efficiency of loading and unloading the workpieces;

[0022] 2. In the present invention, the spacing between the loading trays can be reasonably set according to the height of the workpiece itself, so that a large number of loading trays can be stacked in the vertical direction without considering the lifting strength, loading structure and other issues. The capacity of the workpiece inside the furnace body can be greatly improved, thereby improving the overall tempering processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an axial cross-section at another angle of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the driving device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 1 is a top view of the loading tray in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection between the slider and the guide rail in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the sleeve in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] In the above drawings: 1. furnace body; 2. loading plate; 3. screw; 4. motor; 5. transmission rod; 6. support rod; 7. sleeve; 11. furnace cover; 12. air inlet pipe; 13. air outlet pipe; 14. limiting ring; 15. guide rail; 21. slot; 22. slider; 23. roller; 31. driven gear; 41. driving gear; 51. transfer gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a pit-type tempering furnace, including a furnace body 1 and a loading tray 2 arranged inside the furnace body 1, and a driving device, wherein the driving device controls the loading tray 2 to enter or leave the furnace body 1. The furnace body 1 is a vertically arranged closed cylindrical structure, and a furnace cover 11 that can be opened and closed is arranged at the top of the furnace body 1, and a heating device is also arranged on the furnace body 1. The heating device can be an electric heater sleeved on the inner wall of the furnace body 1, or an external gas furnace is used to pass the heated high-temperature air into the furnace body 1. This embodiment adopts the latter, so an air inlet pipe 12 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 1, and an exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the furnace body 1, so that the high-temperature airflow forms a circulation structure to maintain a uniform temperature inside the furnace body 1. Since the gas furnace structure belongs to the prior art, it is directly used in this embodiment here, and its specific structure is not repeated.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the furnace cover 11 is a cylindrical structure with a closed top and an open bottom. The top end of the screw 3 extends out of the top of the furnace body 1 and extends into the furnace cover 11, so that the loading tray 2 can be completely extended to the outside of the furnace body 1 through the screw 3, which is more convenient for the staff to load or unload workpieces. Further, the furnace cover 11 includes two symmetrically arranged cover bodies, the top surface of the cover body is equally divided along the radial direction, and the bottom edge of the side of the cover body is rotatably connected to the top edge of the furnace body 1, so that the two cover bodies can rotate relative to each other, thereby rotating outward to open the furnace body 1 or rotating inward to close the furnace body 1. This split structure makes it more difficult for the cover body to touch the screw 3 during rotation, so that the screw 3 can be designed to extend longer from the furnace body 1, and the loading tray 2 can also extend more from the outside of the furnace body 1, which is more convenient for the staff to operate.

[0035] In this embodiment, the loading trays 2 include three, and the three loading trays 2 are sequentially arranged inside the furnace body 1 along the vertical direction, and the loading trays 2 are movably connected to the furnace body 1, so that the loading trays 2 can move along the vertical direction, thereby entering the furnace body 1 or leaving from the top of the furnace body 1. In a specific scheme, the loading tray 2 is a circular structure, and the diameter of the loading tray 2 decreases from top to bottom. A limiting ring 14 protruding inward is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body 1, and the width of the limiting ring 14 increases from top to bottom, that is, the inner diameter of the limiting ring 14 decreases. The loading trays 2 correspond to the limiting rings 14 one by one, so that each loading tray 2 is blocked by a limiting ring 14, so that it cannot continue to move downward. Among the loading trays 2, only the bottom loading tray 2 is connected to the screw 3, and the other loading trays 2 are connected to the screw 3 by sliding.

[0036] Obviously, in this way, there is no need for the screw 3 and the loading plate 2 to bear the weight only by connecting them with the screw rod, so as to avoid the problem of the screw 3 slipping and the workpiece falling due to long-term high-pressure bearing. Because each loading plate 2 corresponds to a limit ring 14, when the loading plates 2 fall at the same time, each loading plate 2 is supported by the corresponding limit ring 14 and cannot continue to fall, thus forming a structure with a sequential drop distribution. After the tempering is completed, the loading plate 2 with the smallest diameter at the bottom is driven to rise by the screw 3, that is, each loading plate 2 above is lifted one by one, and finally rises to the top of the furnace body 1 at the same time.

[0037] Preferably, a plurality of vertical support rods 6 are provided on the top surface of the loading tray 2, and the support rods 6 are smaller than the set spacing between adjacent loading trays 2. A sleeve 7 with an open bottom end is also provided on the bottom surface of the loading tray 2 corresponding to the support rods 6, and the sleeve 7 is adapted to the support rods 6 so that the support rods 6 just extend into the sleeve 7. In this way, the upper loading tray 2 can be supported by the cooperation of the support rods 6 and the sleeves 7, so as to avoid the top of the workpiece directly contacting the ground of the upper adjacent loading tray 2 for support, and to avoid the workpiece after high-temperature tempering from being damaged by extrusion. At the same time, the cooperation of the support rods 6 and the sleeves 7 can also fix the adjacent loading trays 2 to avoid relative rotation, which may cause the workpiece to fall.

[0038] In this embodiment, the driving device includes three vertically arranged screw rods 3, and the loading plate 2 is provided with vertical threaded holes penetrating from top to bottom. The screw rods 3 pass through the threaded holes and the two cooperate to form a screw connection, so that when the screw rods 3 rotate, the loading plate 2 is driven to move axially along the screw rods 3. Preferably, in this embodiment, the loading plate 2 and the screw rods 3 are connected by ball bearings to reduce friction, so that the screw connection transmission process is smoother.

[0039] Furthermore, the driving device further comprises a motor 4 arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 1, a driving gear 41 is arranged at the end of the output shaft of the motor 4, the bottom of the screw 3 extends out of the bottom of the furnace body 1 and is connected to a driven gear 31, and the driving gear 41 simultaneously drives the driven gear 31 on each screw 3 to rotate, thereby driving all the gears to rotate synchronously. The output shaft of the motor 4 is coaxial with the central axis of the furnace body 1, the driving gear 41 and the driven gear 31 are vertically arranged bevel gears, and further comprises a transmission rod 5 connecting the driving gear 41 and the driven gear 31, the number of the transmission rods 5 corresponding to the screw 3 is set to three, the transmission rod 5 is arranged radially along the furnace body 1, and the two ends of the transmission rod 5 are respectively provided with a transfer gear 51 of a bevel gear structure, and the transfer gear 51 is respectively meshed with the driving gear 41 and the driven gear 31. Therefore, when the motor 4 is working, the three transmission rods 5 are driven to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the three screws 3 to rotate synchronously, so that the loading plate 2 is driven by the three screws 3 to rise, and the force is more uniform.

[0040] Embodiment 2:

[0041] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that:

[0042] The loading tray 2 is a circular structure, and a plurality of concave slots 21 are arranged on the edge of the loading tray 2, and the depth of the slots 21 increases from top to bottom. The inner wall of the furnace body 1 is provided with a stopper block protruding inward, and the length of the stopper block increases from top to bottom. The loading tray 2 corresponds to the stopper block one by one, so that the slots 21 on each loading tray 2 are blocked by a stopper block, so that the loading tray 2 cannot continue to move downward. Among the loading trays 2, only the bottom loading tray 2 is connected to the screw rod 3, and the other loading trays 2 are connected to the screw rod 3 in a sliding manner. In this way, the loading tray 2 can be fixed in position by changing the matching of the slots 21 and the stopper blocks without reducing the diameter of the loading tray 2, so the maximum capacity of all the loading trays 2 can be maintained.

[0043] Furthermore, the outer edge of the loading tray 2 is provided with a slider 22 extending outward, and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 is provided with a concave vertical bar guide rail 15, and the slider 22 is embedded in the guide rail 15 and can move up and down along the guide rail 15. The slider 22 is symmetrically provided with rollers 23 on both sides of the guide rail 15, and the rollers 23 are in close contact with the two opposite inner walls of the guide rail 15. In this way, the loading tray 2 can be further limited with the inner wall of the furnace body 1 to prevent it from rotating, tipping, and other problems during the up and down movement, so that the workpiece can be placed more stably.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pit-type tempering furnace, characterized in that: It includes a furnace body, a loading tray arranged inside the furnace body, and a driving device, wherein the driving device controls the loading tray to enter or leave the furnace body; The furnace body is a vertically arranged closed cylindrical structure, the top of the furnace body is provided with an openable and closable furnace cover, and the furnace body is also provided with a heating device; The loading trays include a plurality of loading trays, which are arranged in sequence inside the furnace body along the vertical direction, and are movably connected to the furnace body, so that the loading trays can move in the vertical direction to enter the furnace body or leave from the top of the furnace body; The driving device includes one or more vertically arranged screw rods, and the loading plate is provided with a vertical threaded hole running through the upper and lower parts. The screw rod passes through the threaded hole and the two cooperate to form a screw connection, so that when the screw rod rotates, the loading plate is driven to move along the axial direction of the screw rod.

2. A pit-type tempering furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace cover is a cylindrical structure with a closed top and an open bottom. The top end of the screw extends out of the furnace top and into the furnace cover, so that the loading plate can be completely extended to the outside of the furnace through the screw.

3. A pit-type tempering furnace as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The furnace cover includes two symmetrically arranged cover bodies, the top surfaces of the cover bodies are equally divided radially, and the bottom edges of the side surfaces of the cover bodies are rotatably connected to the top edges of the furnace body, so that the two cover bodies can rotate relative to each other, thereby rotating outward to open the furnace body or rotating inward to close the furnace body.

4. A pit-type tempering furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The loading plate is a circular structure, and the diameter of the loading plate decreases from top to bottom. A limiting ring protruding inward is provided on the inner wall of the furnace body, and the width of the limiting ring increases from top to bottom, that is, the inner diameter of the limiting ring decreases. The loading plates correspond to the limiting rings one by one, so that each loading plate is blocked by a limiting ring and cannot continue to move downward. Among the loading plates, only the bottom loading plate is connected to the screw rod, and the other loading plates are slidably connected to the screw rod.

5. A pit-type tempering furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The loading tray is a circular structure, and a plurality of concave slots are provided on the edge of the loading tray, and the depth of the slots increases from top to bottom. A limit block protruding inward is provided on the inner wall of the furnace body, and the length of the limit block increases from top to bottom. The loading trays correspond to the limit blocks one by one, so that the slots on each loading tray are blocked by a limit block, so that the loading tray cannot continue to move downward. Among the loading trays, only the bottom loading tray is connected to the screw rod, and the other loading trays are slidably connected to the screw.

6. A pit-type tempering furnace as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer edge of the loading tray is also provided with a sliding block extending outward, and the inner wall of the furnace body is provided with a concave vertical strip guide rail, and the sliding block is embedded in the guide rail and can move up and down along the guide rail.

7. A pit-type tempering furnace as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The slider is symmetrically provided with rollers on both sides of the guide rail, and the rollers are in close contact with two inner walls opposite to the guide rail.

8. A pit-type tempering furnace as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: A plurality of vertical support rods are arranged on the top surface of the loading tray, and the support rods are smaller than the set spacing between adjacent loading trays. A sleeve with a bottom opening is also arranged on the bottom surface of the loading tray corresponding to the support rods, and the sleeve is adapted to the support rods so that the support rods just extend into the sleeves.

9. A pit-type tempering furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device also includes a motor arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, a driving gear is arranged at the end of the output shaft of the motor, the bottom of the screw rod extends out of the bottom of the furnace body and is connected to a driven gear, and the driving gear simultaneously drives the driven gear on each screw rod to rotate, thereby driving all the gears to rotate synchronously.

10. A pit-type tempering furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The output shaft of the motor is coaxial with the center axis of the furnace body. The driving gear and the driven gear are vertically arranged bevel gears. The motor also includes a transmission rod connecting the driving gear and the driven gear. The number of the transmission rods corresponds to the screw rod. The transmission rod is arranged radially along the furnace body. Transfer gears with bevel gear structures are respectively arranged at both ends of the transmission rod. The transfer gears are respectively meshed with the driving gear and the driven gear.

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