Loading installation and use method of trailing suction dredger

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of trailing suction loading and barging, and discloses a loading, mounting and using method of a trailing suction hopper dredger, which comprises the following specific steps: step 1, preparing to berth the trailing suction hopper dredger; 2, the mud barge is berthed in the trailing suction hopper dredger; 3, the drag suction dredger carries the mud barge to drive to a dredging area; and 4, the mud barge leaves the drag suction dredger. A bow and a stern of a trailing suction dredger are respectively provided with a berthing system, a bow and a stern of a mud barge are respectively provided with an automatic release pile, one end of a berthing cable is wound on a constant tension winch, the other end of the berthing cable is fixedly installed on a sliding fair lead, the berthing cable is hung on the automatic release piles in a'return cable 'mode, and the automatic release piles are automatically released. Tediousness of cabling and uncabling is greatly reduced, convenience and safety of operation can be effectively improved, time of cabling and uncabling operation links is shortened, and construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of trailing suction dredger barge loading, and in particular to a barge loading installation and use method of a trailing suction dredger. Background Art

[0002] At present, the expensive large-scale trailing suction dredger in dredging construction technology has to dredge, transport and dump mud, which is not conducive to the full play of its efficient dredging capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the dredging technology that separates dredging and transporting and dumping mud.

[0003] In the prior art, the patent document with the announcement number CN112323888B discloses a large-scale cutter suction dredger loading and barging system and debugging method, wherein the loading and barging system is composed of a plurality of loading and barging devices; each loading and barging device comprises: a lifting hydraulic winch, a plurality of discharge pipes, a hydraulic locking device, and a hydraulic oil cylinder, wherein the lifting and barging hydraulic winch controls the lifting of the discharge pipe through a lifting steel rope and a pulley, and the hydraulic locking device realizes the locking function by driving two locking card plates up and down by a hydraulic oil cylinder; the method for lifting and lowering test of the loading and barging device comprises: step 1, putting a steel rope on the top of the discharge pipe and hanging it with a deck crane, so as to provide protection during the lifting and lowering process of the discharge pipe; step 2, releasing the locking protection of the discharge pipe; step 3, manually removing the turnbuckle screw on the top of the discharge pipe; step 4, retracting the oil cylinder of the hydraulic locking device; step 5, operating the lifting winch of the discharge pipe to control the discharge pipe to rise and fall within the designed inclination range, thereby improving the construction quality and efficiency of the loading and barging system and facilitating the installation quality and stability.

[0004] The process flow of bucket-suction hopper dredger loading and barge includes the processes of ship berthing, dredging and barge loading, unberthing, mud transportation and treatment, etc. The ships that make up this process include bucket-suction hopper dredger and mud barge. During the merging and unberthing of the two ships, it takes a lot of time to tie and untie the cables, which seriously affects the construction efficiency. In addition, there is the problem of "cable breaking" in this process. Based on this, the existing bucket-suction hopper dredger loading and barge installation system has the problems of not being able to tie and untie the cables automatically, and not being able to automatically adjust the cable expansion and contraction length as the barge loading draft changes or under certain wind and wave conditions, which needs further improvement. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art that the cables cannot be automatically tied and untied and the cables cannot be automatically adjusted, and a method for installing and using a barge of a trailing suction dredger is proposed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for installing and using a trailing suction dredger, comprising the following specific steps:

[0007] Step 1: The trailing suction hopper dredger is ready to berth. The trailing suction hopper dredger controls the speed according to the wind direction, water flow and the dynamic situation of surrounding ships at that time, and positions itself in the construction area to wait for the self-propelled mud barge to berth;

[0008] Step 2, the mud barge berths the trailing suction hopper dredger. After receiving the notification from the trailing suction hopper dredger, the mud barge approaches the trailing suction hopper dredger from the stern direction of the trailing suction hopper dredger at a certain angle, and maintains the same speed as the trailing suction hopper dredger when arriving at the berthing position. When the two ships approach each other, the trailing suction hopper dredger adjusts its bow direction toward the mud barge in time, so that the bows of the two ships approach each other, controls the transverse distance between the two ships, and first brings the bow cable and then the stern cable;

[0009] Step 3: The trailing suction hopper dredger carries the mud barge to the dredging area, the trailing suction hopper dredger dredges the mud and loads the mud barge;

[0010] Step 4: The mud barge leaves the trailing suction hopper dredger. First, the bow cable is untied, and the trailing suction hopper dredger and the mud barge bow are separated. Then, the stern cable is untied. When the two ships are at a certain distance, the mud barge speeds up and leaves.

[0011] The bow and stern of the trailing suction dredger are each provided with a berthing system, the berthing system includes a constant tension winch and a berthing cable, and the bow and stern of the mud barge are each provided with a set of automatic release piles, and the berthing cable is automatically released through the automatic release piles, thereby reducing the time of the tying and untying operations and improving the construction efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, the berthing system also includes a sliding fairlead, which includes a track base, which is fixedly mounted on the deck of the bucket suction dredger, a slide groove is opened inside the track base, and a sliding seat is slidably mounted in the slide groove, a cable pile is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the sliding seat, and a plurality of first hydraulic cylinders are embedded and mounted on the inner bottom wall of the slide groove, and the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder faces upward and is fixedly mounted with a ball head.

[0013] A transmission shaft is fixedly installed at both ends of the sliding seat, a plurality of magnetic blocks are embedded on the surface of the transmission shaft, and an electromagnetic coil is fixedly installed in both ends of the track base, and the electromagnetic coil is arranged around the transmission shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the automatic release pile includes a pile seat, which is fixedly mounted on the deck of the mud barge, a top plate is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the pile seat, a limiting hole is provided on the surface of the top plate, a telescopic column is slidably mounted inside the pile seat, and a second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted inside the deck of the mud barge, and the second hydraulic cylinder drives the telescopic column to telescope up and down so that the top end of the telescopic column can be inserted into the limiting hole of the top plate.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the mooring cable is wound around the constant tension winch, and the other end of the mooring cable is fixedly mounted on the mooring pile. When the trailing suction hopper dredger and the mud barge are operated with bow cables and stern cables, the mooring cable is hung on the surface of the telescopic column in a V shape, and a spare cable is fixedly mounted on the mooring pile, and one end of the spare cable away from the mooring pile is hung on the telescopic column. A plurality of floating fenders are installed on the side of the trailing suction hopper dredger.

[0016] Preferably, when the trailing suction dredger and the mud barge are under bow cable, the electromagnetic coil is energized to generate magnetic thrust with the magnetic block, so that the sliding seat moves away from the constant tension winch, and then the mooring cable and the spare cable are hung on the telescopic column. When the constant tension winch reels in the mooring cable, the electromagnetic coil generates magnetic attraction with the magnetic block, so that the sliding seat moves close to the constant tension winch, reducing the V-shaped angle of the mooring cable, and making the spare cable in a tensioned state, thereby increasing the pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder and restricting the sliding of the sliding seat;

[0017] When the bow cable and stern cable are released between the trailing suction dredger and the mud barge, the second hydraulic cylinder drives the telescopic column to retract downward, the top of the telescopic column is separated from the top plate, and the berthing cable and spare cable are taken out from the surface of the telescopic column;

[0018] When the berthing cable breaks, the pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder is reduced, and the mud barge slides along the slide groove of the track base by pulling the sliding seat through the spare cable. The sliding seat compresses the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder to do work, converting the kinetic energy of the sliding seat into the hydraulic internal energy of the first hydraulic cylinder.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention provides a berthing system at the bow and stern of the trailing suction dredger, and an automatic release pile at the bow and stern of the mud barge. One end of the berthing cable is wound around the constant tension winch, and the other end of the berthing cable is fixedly mounted on the sliding fairlead. The berthing cable is hung on the automatic release pile in the form of a "return cable", which greatly reduces the tediousness of "roping" and "unroping", can effectively improve the convenience and safety of operation, reduce the time of roping and unroping operations, and improve construction efficiency.

[0021] 2. By setting a sliding fairlead, the sliding seat slides back and forth along the track base. By changing the position of the sliding seat, the traction force (F1, F2) at both ends of the mooring cable can be adjusted, that is, when the traction force of the mooring cable is constant, the V-shaped angle of the mooring cable is reduced, and the traction force (F1, F2) at both ends of the mooring cable is reduced, which can effectively reduce the probability of cable breakage. When the V-shaped angle of the mooring cable increases, the mooring cable provides a lateral pulling force for the mud barge toward the suction dredger, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the horizontal distance between the two ships and providing convenience for loading mud and sand.

[0022] 3. The mooring cable and the spare cable are connected between the cable pile and the automatic release pile on the sliding seat. When the sliding seat slides back and forth along the track base, the mooring cable and the spare cable can be switched between the tightened and relaxed states. Under the change of the draft of the barge or under certain wind and wave conditions, the mooring cable and the spare cable can automatically adjust the length. Compared with the control of the length of the mooring cable by releasing or reeling in the constant tension winch, this design has the advantage of fast response speed and can synchronously control the scaling length of the spare cable.

[0023] 4. By setting a sliding fairlead, the spare cable is connected to the sliding fairlead. When the mooring cable breaks, the mud barge pulls the sliding seat along the slide groove of the track base through the spare cable. The sliding seat compresses the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder to do work, and converts the kinetic energy of the sliding seat into the hydraulic internal energy of the first hydraulic cylinder. It has a good buffering and protecting effect on the spare cable, avoiding the spare cable from being broken by instantaneous impact, and has higher safety performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the barge loading process of the trailing suction dredger proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic top view of a trailing suction dredger and a mud barge proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of the sliding fairlead proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of the automatic release pile proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the trailing suction dredger and the mud barge cable breaking cable proposed by the present invention (I);

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the trailing suction dredger and the mud barge cable breaking cable proposed by the present invention (II);

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the docking process proposed by the present invention (I);

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the docking process proposed by the present invention (II);

[0032] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the unberthing process proposed by the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1 a suction dredger, 2 a mud barge, 3 a constant tension winch, 4 a berthing cable, 5 a sliding fairlead, 6 a track base, 7 a sliding seat, 8 a first hydraulic cylinder, 9 a ball head, 10 a transmission shaft, 11 a magnetic block, 12 an electromagnetic coil, 13 a pile seat, 14 a top plate, 15 a second hydraulic cylinder, 16 a telescopic column, 17 a spare cable, 18 a floating fender, 19 an automatic release pile, and 20 a cable pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] In order to basically understand the requirements of the hopper-suction barge technology for berthing and unberthing on natural conditions such as wind, waves, and currents, the requirements for the use of waters, and the time required for the main operation links (berthing and unberthing, etc.), the field test of the hopper-suction barge technology needs to be carried out in the waters of the Yangtze River Estuary Channel Maintenance Dredging Project. The experimental ship is shown in the figure below:

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Note: The size, draft and performance of the "mother ships" in the three tests are basically the same. The "daughter ships" in the tests are Hangjun 4012, Hangjun 5002 and Hangjun 4004. The size and draft of the three ships are basically the same, but the maneuverability is different. The main difference lies in the bow thrust capability. Hangjun 4012 and 4004 have better bow thrust capability, while Hangjun 5002 has relatively poor bow thrust capability.

[0040] First trial

[0041] At the beginning of the test, Hangjun 4012 was about several hundred meters to the right rear of the "Xin Hai Feng". The "Xin Hai Feng" kept moving at a relatively low speed (about 2 knots). Hangjun 4012 gradually caught up with and approached the "Xin Hai Feng". After approaching, it used side thrust to approach at a slow speed, with the bow approaching first, and gradually brought the cable until the bow and stern were properly moored. When leaving the mooring, it gradually untied the cable in a timely manner, with the bow leaving first. After the two ships were a certain distance apart, Hangjun 4012 started to leave.

[0042] The time required for each process is shown in the following table:

[0043] Table 6-4 Time table of each process measured in the first test

[0044]

[0045] From the table, we can see that the only difference between the two groups is the time from berthing to the time of releasing the raft from Xin Hai Feng. The rest of the differences are not significant. The berthing process takes about 20 minutes, and the departure takes about 10 minutes. Generally, the time from berthing to releasing the raft from Xin Hai Feng is about 10 minutes.

[0046] During the first test, the cable broke due to lack of experience.

[0047] Second trial

[0048] The test began. Xinhailong's ship position in the import direction was about 300 meters past D19 buoy, and Hangjun 5002 (north) was about 300 meters outside the channel from the center line. After receiving the general commander's order, Hangjun 5002 began to approach the main ship slowly at a distance of 150 meters from the right rear of the main ship at an approach angle of about 15 degrees. When approaching and maintaining a slow speed, it tried to dock, but due to poor working conditions and the weak bow thruster ability of the "daughter ship" 5002, the docking action could not be completed. Finally, the docking work was completed with the assistance of the tugboat's push. The departure process takes a long time due to the large number of cables.

[0049] It should be noted that due to the "cable break" during the first test, the cable setting was strengthened in the second test, and the cable stress test was arranged (the test equipment needs to be installed and removed during the cable-tying and cable-untying process), which increased the time consumption of the cable-tying and cable-untying process. In addition, due to the poor working conditions, the total time for berthing and unmooring was very long. In addition, during the cable-untying process, the tail cable broke due to the untimely untying of the cable.

[0050] Table 6-5 Summary of the time taken for each process in the second test

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] The third test

[0054] Table 6-6 The actual time of each process in the third test

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] According to the results of the second test, the cable-untying operation was optimized in the third test, and the number of mooring cables was reduced to 10. When berthing, the ship went against the current and reduced the angle of the water flow as much as possible to reduce the impact of the cross flow. The "barge" remained parallel to the ship. When berthing, the front and rear order was basically balanced. When unbending, the front and rear balanced unbending method in the second test was changed to unbending all the rear cables first, then unbending the front cables. The "barge" motor vehicle controlled the ship's position and speed, and finally unbending the bow cable. The whole berthing and unbending process was relatively smooth.

[0058] From Table 6-6, we can see that during the mooring and berthing stage, the 8th to 10th cables were not well connected, which means that the entire mooring and berthing process contained invalid operation time. If the connection can be more compact, the time required for the mooring and berthing stage should be less than 28 minutes.

[0059] summary

[0060] 1) Under appropriate working conditions, berthing and unberthing can be completed smoothly;

[0061] 2) Mooring and unmooring are obviously affected by working conditions. Under good working conditions, they can be completed quickly and smoothly. Under poor working conditions, they can be completed smoothly but require more time. Under very poor working conditions, they are difficult to complete.

[0062] 3) Since a large number of cables were used in the test and there was no experience in similar operation methods, the process of tying and untying cables took a long time, and even "cable breaking" occurred. Therefore, the cable system should be optimized in the design of the "raker suction barge loading process", which can not only improve the safety of the operation, but also save time in the process of docking and unberthing to improve construction efficiency.

[0063] After docking, three tests were conducted on ship maneuvering tests. Turning tests were conducted on the "daughter ship" in empty and loaded states to test the navigation maneuverability under the stern belt. Directional simulated dredging process tests were conducted on the "mother ship" raking (grounded and ungrounded states) and the "daughter ship" ballast state to test the ship's maneuverability under the dredging state. The following conclusions were drawn from the tests:

[0064] 1) When sailing on the stern, whether it is "empty" or "heavy", the "mother ship" can carry the "daughter ship" to perform steering operations and complete the operation of leaving the channel; but due to carrying the mud barge, the overall reflection is that the dredger's stern-belt "barge" response time is relatively increased.

[0065] 2) The load change of the main engine of the dredger with barge is affected by many factors and human operation, which is more complicated. However, the number of tests under the same conditions is small, and it is not possible to draw a more accurate qualitative conclusion. However, judging from the data changes, the power required for the operation with barge is smaller than that required for double-harrow dredging, that is, the power of the "mother ship" is sufficient to carry mud barges for dredging and loading operations.

[0066] 3) During the test, many passing ships passed through the test waters and the ship maneuverability was good, indicating that the maneuverability of the ship behind the stern was less affected by other ships.

[0067] refer to Figure 1-9 The present invention proposes a method for installing and using a trailing suction dredger, which includes the following specific steps:

[0068] Step 1: The trailing suction hopper dredger 1 is ready to berth. The trailing suction hopper dredger 1 controls the speed according to the wind direction, water flow and the dynamic situation of the surrounding ships at that time, and positions itself in the construction area to wait for the self-propelled mud barge 2 to berth. Figure 7 As shown;

[0069] Step 2, the mud barge 2 berths the trailing suction hopper dredger 1. After receiving the notification from the trailing suction hopper dredger 1, the mud barge 2 approaches the trailing suction hopper dredger 1 from the stern direction of the trailing suction hopper dredger 1 at a certain angle, and maintains the same speed as the trailing suction hopper dredger when arriving at the berthing position. When the two ships approach each other, the trailing suction hopper dredger 1 adjusts its bow direction toward the mud barge 2 in time, so that the bows of the two ships approach each other, controls the horizontal distance between the two ships (about 5 meters, convenient for laying cables), and first brings the bow cable and then the stern cable. Figure 8 As shown;

[0070] Step 3, the trailing suction hopper dredger 1 carries the mud barge 2 to the dredging area, the trailing suction hopper dredger 1 dredges the mud and loads the mud barge 2;

[0071] Step 4: The mud barge 2 leaves the trailing suction hopper dredger 1. First, the bow cable is untied, and the trailing suction hopper dredger and the mud barge 2 are separated from each other. Then, the stern cable is untied. When the two ships are at a certain distance, the mud barge 2 starts to leave. Fig. 9 As shown;

[0072] Specifically, a berthing system is provided at the bow and stern of the trailing suction hopper dredger 1 , and the berthing system includes a constant tension winch 3 and a berthing cable 4 . A set of automatic release piles 19 is provided at the bow and stern of the mud barge 2 .

[0073] The berthing system further includes a sliding fairlead 5, see Figure 3 The sliding fairlead 5 includes a track base 6, which is fixedly installed on the deck of the suction dredger 1. A slide groove is opened inside the track base 6, and a sliding seat 7 is slidably installed in the slide groove. A cable pile 20 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the sliding seat 7. A plurality of first hydraulic cylinders 8 are embedded and installed on the inner bottom wall of the slide groove. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 faces the upper side and is fixedly installed with a ball head 9. When the extension length of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 is increased, the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 is blocked at both ends of the sliding seat 7 to constrain the movement of the sliding seat 7. When the extension length of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 is reduced, and the bottom surface of the sliding seat 7 is compressed by squeezing the surface of the ball head 9, the sliding seat 7 needs to overcome the resistance of the ball head 9 to move.

[0074] A transmission shaft 10 is fixedly installed at both ends of the sliding seat 7, and a plurality of magnetic blocks 11 are embedded on the surface of the transmission shaft 10. Electromagnetic coils 12 are fixedly installed in both ends of the track base 6. The electromagnetic coils 12 are arranged around the transmission shaft 10. When the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 is retracted, the ball head 9 does not contact the sliding seat 7. Magnetic attraction and magnetic repulsion are generated by the electromagnetic coils 12 and act on the magnetic blocks 11, thereby realizing the function of driving the sliding seat 7 to move its position.

[0075] refer to Figure 4 The automatic release pile 19 includes a pile seat 13, which is fixedly mounted on the deck of the mud barge 2. A top plate 14 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the pile seat 13. A limiting hole is provided on the surface of the top plate 14. A telescopic column 16 is slidably mounted inside the pile seat 13. A second hydraulic cylinder 15 is fixedly mounted inside the deck of the mud barge 2. The second hydraulic cylinder 15 drives the telescopic column 16 to telescope up and down so that the top end of the telescopic column 16 can be inserted into the limiting hole of the top plate 14.

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, one end of the mooring cable 4 is wound around the constant tension winch 3, and the other end of the mooring cable 4 is fixedly installed on the mooring pile 20. When the trailing suction dredger 1 and the mud barge 2 are connected with a bow cable and a stern cable, the mooring cable 4 is hung on the surface of the telescopic column 16 in a V shape, and a spare cable 17 is fixedly installed on the mooring pile 20, and the end of the spare cable 17 away from the mooring pile 20 is hung on the telescopic column 16.

[0077] A plurality of floating fenders 18 are installed on the sides of the trailing suction hopper dredger 1 .

[0078] When the trailing suction dredger 1 and the mud barge 2 are being hauled with a bow cable, the electromagnetic coil 12 is energized, and a magnetic thrust is generated with the magnetic block 11, so that the sliding seat 7 moves away from the constant tension winch 3, and then the mooring cable 4 and the spare cable 17 are hung on the telescopic column 16. While the constant tension winch 3 is reeling in the mooring cable 4, the electromagnetic coil 12 generates a magnetic attraction with the magnetic block 11, so that the sliding seat 7 moves close to the constant tension winch 3, reducing the V-shaped angle of the mooring cable 4, and making the spare cable 17 in a tensioned state, increasing the pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder 8, and restricting the sliding of the sliding seat 7. The principle of hauling a stern cable is the same as that of hauling a bow cable, and will not be repeated here;

[0079] When the bow cable and the stern cable are released between the trailing suction dredger 1 and the mud barge 2, the second hydraulic cylinder 15 drives the telescopic column 16 to retract downward, the top of the telescopic column 16 is separated from the top plate 14, and the berthing cable 4 and the spare cable 17 are taken out from the surface of the telescopic column 16;

[0080] When the mooring cable 4 is "broken", the pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 is reduced, the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 is shortened to a certain height, and the mud barge 2 pulls the sliding seat 7 to slide along the slide groove of the track base 6 through the spare cable 17. The bottom surface of the sliding seat 7 compresses the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 to do work by squeezing the surface of the ball head 9, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the sliding seat 7 into the hydraulic internal energy of the first hydraulic cylinder 8.

[0081] By setting the sliding cable guide 5, the sliding seat 7 slides back and forth along the track base 6, and the traction force at both ends of the mooring cable 4 can be adjusted by changing the position of the sliding seat 7 (such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the size of F1, F2), that is, when the traction resultant force of the mooring cable 4 is constant, the V-shaped angle of the mooring cable 4 is reduced, and the traction forces (F1, F2) at both ends of the mooring cable 4 are reduced, which can effectively reduce the probability of cable breakage. When the V-shaped angle of the mooring cable 4 is increased, the traction resultant force of the mooring cable 4 is mainly reflected in that the mooring cable 4 provides a lateral pulling force for the mud barge 2 toward the trailing suction dredger 1, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the lateral distance between the two ships and providing convenience for loading mud and sand.

[0082] The mooring cable 4 and the spare cable 17 are connected between the cable pile 20 and the automatic release pile 19 on the sliding seat 7. When the sliding seat 7 slides back and forth along the track base 6, the mooring cable 4 and the spare cable 17 can be switched between a taut and a relaxed state. Under the change of the draft of the barge during loading or under certain wind and wave conditions, the mooring cable 4 and the spare cable 17 can automatically adjust the scaling length. Compared with controlling the length of the mooring cable 4 by releasing or winding up the constant tension winch 3, this design has the advantage of fast response speed and can synchronously control the scaling length of the spare cable 17.

[0083] By setting a sliding fairlead 5, the spare cable 17 is connected to the sliding fairlead 5. When the mooring cable 4 breaks, the mud barge 2 pulls the sliding seat 7 to slide along the slide groove of the track base 6 through the spare cable 17. The sliding seat 7 compresses the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 to do work, and converts the kinetic energy of the sliding seat 7 into the hydraulic internal energy of the first hydraulic cylinder 8. It has a good buffering and protecting effect on the spare cable 17, avoiding the spare cable 17 from being broken by instantaneous impact, and has higher safety performance.

[0084] It should be noted that the reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 The spare cable 17 is normally in a relaxed state and does not participate in the work of pulling the mud barge 2. When the mooring cable 4 breaks, the pulling force required for the mud barge 2 is the combined force of F1 and F2, and Ftotal (the combined force of F1 and F2) is much greater than F1 or F2;

[0085] When the mooring cable 4 is not broken, the traction force of the mooring cable 4 on the sliding seat 7 is equal to F1. Since the first hydraulic cylinder 8 presses the sliding seat 7 upward, the sliding seat 7 is in a stationary state at this time. The traction force on the sliding seat 7 must be greater than F1 to pull the sliding seat 7 to move.

[0086] When the mooring cable 4 breaks, the traction force of the spare cable 17 on the sliding seat 7 is equal to F45, and F45 is equal to Fto. Since F45 is much greater than F1, at this time, the spare cable 17 will pull the sliding seat 7 to slide. Figure 6 As shown, the standby cable 17 changes from state L1 to state L2, and the sliding of the sliding seat 7 requires compression of the first hydraulic cylinder 8. The hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic cylinder 8 is discharged and stored in the hydraulic accumulator, that is, according to the law of conservation of energy, the kinetic energy of the sliding seat 7 is converted into the hydraulic internal energy of the first hydraulic cylinder 8, which has a good buffering and protecting effect on the standby cable 17. The hydraulic accumulator is installed in the bucket suction dredger 1, which belongs to the prior art and is not described here. When the standby cable 17 changes to state L2, the standby cable 17 provides a lateral pulling force F6 for the mud barge 2 to avoid the instantaneous loss of restraint between the two ships, which may cause a dangerous situation. Finally, the bow thrust capability of the mud barge 2 is used to straighten the hull.

[0087] The present invention provides a berthing system at the bow and stern of the trailing suction dredger 1, and a set of automatic release piles 19 at the bow and stern of the mud barge 2. One end of the berthing cable 4 is wound around the constant tension winch 3, and the other end of the berthing cable 4 is fixedly mounted on the sliding fairlead 5. The berthing cable 4 is hung on the automatic release pile 19 in a "return cable" manner, which greatly reduces the tediousness of "roping" and "unroping", can effectively improve the convenience and safety of operation, reduce the time of roping and unroping operations, and improve construction efficiency.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for installing and using a trailing suction dredger, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1, the trailing suction hopper dredger (1) is ready to berth. The trailing suction hopper dredger (1) controls the speed according to the wind direction, water flow and the dynamic situation of surrounding ships at that time, and positions itself in the construction area to wait for the self-propelled mud barge (2) to berth; Step 2, the mud barge (2) berths the trailing suction hopper dredger (1). After receiving the notification from the trailing suction hopper dredger (1), the mud barge (2) approaches the trailing suction hopper dredger (1) from the stern direction of one side of the trailing suction hopper dredger (1) at a certain angle, and maintains the same speed as the trailing suction hopper dredger when arriving at the berthing position. When the two ships approach each other, the trailing suction hopper dredger (1) adjusts the bow direction towards the mud barge (2) in time, so that the bows of the two ships approach each other, controls the transverse distance between the two ships, and first pulls the bow cable and then the stern cable; Step 3, the trailing suction hopper dredger (1) carries the mud barge (2) to the dredging area, the trailing suction hopper dredger (1) dredges the mud and loads the mud barge (2); Step 4, the mud barge (2) leaves the trailing suction hopper dredger (1), firstly the bow cable is untied, the trailing suction hopper dredger and the mud barge (2) are separated at the bow, then the stern cable is untied, and after the two ships are at a certain distance, the mud barge (2) starts to leave; The bow and stern of the trailing suction dredger (1) are each provided with a berthing system, the berthing system comprising a constant tension winch (3) and a berthing cable (4), and the bow and stern of the mud barge (2) are each provided with a set of automatic release piles (19).

2. The method for installing and using a trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The berthing system also includes a sliding fairlead (5), which includes a track base (6), which is fixedly installed on the deck of the trailing suction dredger (1), a slide groove is provided inside the track base (6), and a sliding seat (7) is slidably installed in the slide groove, a cable pile (20) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the sliding seat (7), and a plurality of first hydraulic cylinders (8) are embedded and installed on the inner bottom wall of the slide groove, and the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder (8) faces upward and is fixedly installed with a ball head (9).

3. The method for installing and using a trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 2, characterized in that: A transmission shaft (10) is fixedly mounted on both ends of the sliding seat (7), a plurality of magnetic blocks (11) are embedded on the surface of the transmission shaft (10), and an electromagnetic coil (12) is fixedly mounted on both ends of the track base (6), and the electromagnetic coil (12) is arranged around the transmission shaft (10).

4. A method for barge installation and use of a trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The automatic release pile (19) comprises a pile seat (13), the pile seat (13) is fixedly mounted on the deck of the mud barge (2), a top plate (14) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the pile seat (13), a limit hole is provided on the surface of the top plate (14), a telescopic column (16) is slidably mounted inside the pile seat (13), a second hydraulic cylinder (15) is fixedly mounted inside the deck of the mud barge (2), and the second hydraulic cylinder (15) drives the telescopic column (16) to telescope up and down so that the top end of the telescopic column (16) can be inserted into the limit hole of the top plate (14).

5. The method for installing and using a trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the mooring cable (4) is wound around the constant tension winch (3), and the other end of the mooring cable (4) is fixedly mounted on the mooring pile (20). When the trailing suction dredger (1) and the mud barge (2) are connected with bow cables and stern cables, the mooring cable (4) is hung on the surface of the telescopic column (16) in a V-shape, and a spare cable (17) is fixedly mounted on the mooring pile (20), and one end of the spare cable (17) away from the mooring pile (20) is hung on the telescopic column (16).

6. The method for installing and using a trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of floating fenders (18) are installed on the side of the trailing suction dredger (1).

7. The method for installing and using a trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the suction dredger (1) and the mud barge (2) are carrying out bow cable operation, the electromagnetic coil (12) is energized to generate magnetic thrust with the magnetic block (11), so that the sliding seat (7) moves away from the constant tension winch (3), and then the mooring cable (4) and the spare cable (17) are hung on the telescopic column (16). While the constant tension winch (3) is reeling in the mooring cable (4), the electromagnetic coil (12) generates magnetic attraction with the magnetic block (11), so that the sliding seat (7) moves closer to the constant tension winch (3), reducing the V-shaped angle of the mooring cable (4), and making the spare cable (17) in a tensioned state, thereby increasing the pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder (8) and restricting the sliding of the sliding seat (7); When the bow cable and the stern cable are released between the trailing suction dredger (1) and the mud barge (2), the second hydraulic cylinder (15) drives the telescopic column (16) to retract downward, the top end of the telescopic column (16) is separated from the top plate (14), and the mooring cable (4) and the spare cable (17) are taken out from the surface of the telescopic column (16); When the mooring cable (4) is "broken", the pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder (8) is reduced, and the mud barge (2) pulls the sliding seat (7) to slide along the slide groove of the track base (6) through the spare cable (17). The sliding seat (7) compresses the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder (8) to perform work, and converts the kinetic energy of the sliding seat (7) into the hydraulic internal energy of the first hydraulic cylinder (8).

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