Compatibility test device and test method

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application relates to the technical field of material analysis test, and particularly relates to a compatibility test device and a test method. The test device comprises: a test container; a sample loading piece, which is detachably arranged in the test container, and fuel samples and metal samples are stacked in the sample loading piece; a liquid alkali metal providing piece, which is used for supplying liquid alkali metal to the test container, so that the fuel samples and the metal samples are in the liquid alkali metal; a force applying assembly, which is arranged to apply a force to the fuel samples and the metal samples, so that a pressure is formed between the fuel samples and the metal samples; and a force measuring piece, which is used for measuring the size of the force applied by the force applying assembly to the fuel samples and the metal samples, so that the size of the force applied by the force applying assembly is adjusted according to the measurement result of the force measuring piece, so that the force measured by the force measuring piece is a preset pressure. The device of the embodiment of the present application can simulate the pressure between the swelling deformation of the fuel pellets and the cladding in the reactor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of material analysis testing, and in particular, to a compatibility test device and a test method. BACKGROUND

[0002] This part only provides background information related to the present application, and does not necessarily constitute the prior art.

[0003] For fuel elements using metal fuel pellets, a gap is left between the fuel pellets and the cladding tube, and the gap is filled with liquid sodium as a coolant. During the operation of the reactor, the fuel pellets will swell and deform under the high-temperature radioactive environment, resulting in contact with the inner wall of the cladding tube and generating a certain interaction force. As the core part of the system, the fuel element needs to ensure that the structural material maintains stability in the reactor operating environment and time. The study and analysis of the sodium compatibility of metal fuel can provide a reference for the operating conditions and time of the fuel element. There is no test device in the related art that can test the sodium compatibility of metal fuel. SUMMARY

[0004] In the following, a brief overview of the present application is given in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this overview is not an extensive overview of the present application. It is not intended to identify key or important parts of the present application nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Its purpose is merely to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description of a later discussion.

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, embodiments of the present application provide a compatibility test device and a method.

[0006] In one aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a compatibility test device for testing the alkali metal compatibility of a fuel sample and a metal sample in a radioactive environment to simulate the interaction between the fuel pellets and the cladding in the liquid alkali metal in the reactor. The test device comprises a compatibility test container for providing a compatibility test space; a sample loading piece detachably arranged in the compatibility test container, the fuel sample and the metal sample being stacked in the sample loading piece; a liquid alkali metal providing piece for supplying liquid alkali metal to the compatibility test container so that the fuel sample and the metal sample are in the liquid alkali metal; a force applying assembly arranged to apply a force to the fuel sample and the metal sample in the sample loading piece, thereby forming a pressure between the fuel sample and the metal sample; and a force measuring piece for measuring the size of the force applied by the force applying assembly to the fuel sample and the metal sample, so as to adjust the size of the force applied by the force applying assembly according to the measurement result of the force measuring piece, so that the force measured by the force measuring piece is a preset pressure.

[0007] The test device provided by the embodiment of the present application can apply pressure to the fuel sample and the metal sample in a radioactive liquid sodium environment to simulate the pressure between the swelling deformation of the fuel pellet and the cladding in the reactor; and by setting the force measuring member, the size of the force applied by the force applying assembly can be adjusted according to the measurement result of the force measuring member to keep the force between the fuel sample and the metal sample constant, so as to study the influence of the fuel pellet and the cladding under the constant force in the liquid alkali metal.

[0008] In another aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides a compatibility test method for testing the alkali metal compatibility of the fuel sample and the metal sample in a radioactive environment to simulate the interaction between the fuel pellet and the cladding in the reactor in the liquid alkali metal, which comprises: placing the fuel sample and the metal sample on the sample loading member of the compatibility test device in a radioactive environment; applying a predetermined size of force to the fuel sample and the metal sample in the sample loading member by using the force applying assembly; heating the compatibility test container and supplying liquid sodium to the compatibility test container to make the fuel sample and the metal sample in the liquid alkali metal; continuously measuring the size of the force between the metal sample and the fuel sample to adjust the size of the force applied by the force applying assembly according to the measurement result to make the force measured by the force measuring member be the preset pressure.

[0009] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory and are not restrictive of the disclosure of the embodiments of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to further illustrate the above and other advantages and features of the present application, the specific embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings, together with the following detailed description, form a part of the specification and are included to further illustrate the present application. Elements having the same function and structure are denoted by the same reference signs. It should be understood that these drawings only describe typical examples of the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application.

[0011] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a compatibility test device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a sectional schematic diagram of the main part of the compatibility test device shown in FIG. 1;

[0013] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the main part of the compatibility test device shown in FIG. 1.

[0014] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale and that the emphasis is placed on illustrating the principles of the application.

[0015] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] 10 compatible test container; 11 container body; 12 container cover; 121 bolt hole;

[0017] 20 sample loading piece; 21 base; 211 sample positioning groove; 22 cover piece; 23 first connecting rod;

[0018] 30 liquid delivery pipe;

[0019] 40 force applying assembly; 41 force applying piece; 411 first rod segment; 412 second rod segment; 42 limiting piece; 43 driving piece;

[0020] 50 force measuring piece;

[0021] 60 sample supporting piece; 61 supporting bottom plate; 62 second connecting rod; 63 movable piece; 631 positioning piece; 632 clearance groove; 64 abutting piece;

[0022] 71 first flange; 72 second flange; 73 sealing pipe;

[0023] 80 glove box;

[0024] 100 fuel sample; 200 metal sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In the following, exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description, not all the features of the actual embodiments are described in order to make the description clear and concise. It should be appreciated, however, that many implementation-specific decisions can have to be made in order to develop any such actual embodiment, to implement developer's specific goals, such as compliance with system- and business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. It should also be appreciated that such a development effort might be very complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.

[0026] It should also be noted that, in the description, only the device structures and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme according to the present application are shown in the drawings, and other details not closely related to the present application are omitted, in order to avoid obscuring the present application with unnecessary details.

[0027] It should be noted that the technical terms or scientific terms used in the description of the embodiments of the present application shall have the usual meaning understood by a person with ordinary skills in the art to which the present application pertains, unless otherwise defined.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0029] In the related art, the compatibility test device and the test method usually take out the sample after the sample is in a specific liquid for a preset time to perform corresponding tests. Such test device and test method are not suitable for studying the compatibility of the fuel pellets and the cladding in sodium.

[0030] As described previously, in the actual operation of the reactor, the fuel pellets will swell and deform under a high-temperature radioactive environment, resulting in contact between the fuel pellets and the inner wall of the cladding tube and an interaction force varying with the deformation of the fuel pellets. The compatibility test device and the test method in the related art cannot accurately simulate the real interaction between the fuel pellets and the cladding in the reactor and cannot evaluate the compatibility of the fuel pellets and the cladding in such a dynamically changing mechanical environment.

[0031] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a compatibility test device for performing an alkali metal compatibility test on a fuel sample and a metal sample in a radioactive environment to simulate the interaction between the fuel pellets and the cladding in a reactor in liquid alkali metal.

[0032] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the compatibility test device according to an embodiment of the present application. The compatibility test device according to the embodiments of the present application can include a compatibility test container 10, a sample loading piece 20, a liquid alkali metal providing piece, a force applying assembly 40, and a force measuring piece 50. The compatibility test container 10 is used to provide a compatibility test space. The sample loading piece 20 is detachably arranged in the compatibility test container 10, and the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 are stacked in the sample loading piece 20. The liquid alkali metal providing piece is used to supply liquid alkali metal to the compatibility test container 10 so that the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 are in the liquid alkali metal. The force applying assembly 40 is arranged to be capable of applying an interaction force to the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 in the sample loading piece 20, so as to form a pressure between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200. The force measuring piece 50 is used to measure the size of the interaction force applied by the force applying assembly 40 to the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200, so as to adjust the size of the interaction force applied by the force applying assembly 40 according to the measurement result of the force measuring piece 50, so that the interaction force measured by the force measuring piece 50 is a preset pressure.

[0033] The test device of the embodiment of the present application can apply pressure to the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 in the liquid alkali metal in the radioactive environment, simulating the pressure between the swelling deformation of the fuel pellet and the cladding in the reactor.

[0034] It is easily understood that after the test starts, the fuel sample 100 will continuously swell and deform in the radioactive environment, so that the force between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 will continuously change with the swelling and deformation of the fuel sample 100, and is fed back to the force measuring member 50 through the force applying assembly 40. In order to ensure that a constant pressure is formed between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200, so as to analyze the state of the fuel sample 100 under different pressures, the embodiment of the present application adjusts the size of the force applied by the force applying assembly 40 according to the result measured by the force measuring member 50, so that the force measured by the force measuring member 50 is the preset pressure, that is, a constant pressure is ensured between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200. In this process, the force applied by the force applying assembly 40 will continuously change.

[0035] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the force applied by the force applying assembly 40, in some embodiments, the compatibility test device can further include a control member, which is used to receive the size of the force measured by the force measuring member 50 and the test pressure value, and compare the size of the force with the size of the test pressure value, and control the force applying assembly 40 to adjust the size of the applied force.

[0036] In some embodiments, the control member adjusts the displacement of the force applying assembly 40 by measuring the pressure between the two through the pressure measuring member, so as to keep the pressure between the fuel sample and the metal sample unchanged.

[0037] In some embodiments, the compatibility test device can further include a heating member for heating the compatibility test container 10 and a temperature measuring member for measuring the temperature of the liquid alkali metal in the compatibility test container 10. The control member is further used to control the heating member according to the temperature measured by the temperature measuring member, so that the liquid alkali metal in the compatibility test container 10 can be at a preset test temperature. The test temperature can be as high as 800℃.

[0038] The control member can include a parameter setting module for setting the test pressure value, the test temperature value and the test duration. During the test, the control member can automatically record each temperature and pressure value, realizing the compatibility test of continuously loading constant pressure on the test sample in the radioactive high-temperature liquid sodium environment.

[0039] In some embodiments, the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 can be in a cylindrical, sheet or block shape, and the size of the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 can be the same. For example, the size can be 5-15 mm. In some embodiments, the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 are in a cylindrical shape, with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 10 mm.

[0040] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 shown Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the test device shown in the figure, in some embodiments, the sample loading part 20 can include a base 21 and a cover 22 arranged oppositely, and a plurality of first connecting rods 23 connecting the base 21 and the cover 22. The fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 are stacked on the base 21.

[0041] The force applying assembly 40 can include a force applying part 41, which can move relative to the cover 22 and apply force to the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 by abutting against the fuel sample 100. This embodiment provides a separate and stable hollow space for the sample by arranging the sample loading part 20 to include the base 21, the cover 22 and the first connecting rods 23. Since the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 are stacked on the base 21, it can be ensured that sodium is in full contact with the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200. The force applying part 41 applies force to the stacked fuel sample 100 and metal sample 200 by abutting against the fuel sample 100, which can simulate the actual contact state between the fuel pellets and the cladding in the reactor.

[0042] In some embodiments, the base 21 of the sample loading part 20 can be provided with a sample positioning groove 211, and the groove depth of the sample positioning groove 211 is greater than the thickness of the metal sample 200, so that the metal sample 200 is entirely located in the sample positioning groove 211, and the fuel sample 100 is partially located in the sample positioning groove 211, which is used to ensure that the metal sample 200 is stable and does not shift during the force process, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0043] In some embodiments, the cover 22 is formed with a threaded hole, the force applying member 41 passes through the threaded hole to the lower side of the cover 22, and the force applying member 41 is screwed with the threaded hole. The force applying assembly 40 can further include a limiting member 42 arranged on the force applying member 41 below the cover 22 to prevent the force applying member 41 from being separated from the cover 22. The limiting member 42 can be arranged to be screwed with the force applying member 41, facilitating the disassembly of the limiting member 42 and the force applying member 41, so as to separate or assemble the sample loading member 20 and the force applying member 41. In the present embodiment, the force applying member 41 is arranged to be screwed with the cover 22, so that the force applying assembly 40 can apply force in a rotating manner. It is easy to understand that the force required in the test process is small, and the rotating force applying manner can gradually and smoothly increase or decrease the pressure applied on the fuel sample 100, facilitating fine force value adjustment during the test process, so as to ensure the accuracy of the test result.

[0044] In some embodiments, the force applying assembly 40 can further include a driving member 43 for driving the force applying member 41 to rotate relative to the cover 22 to move relative to the cover 22. The force measuring member 50 is arranged between the driving member 43 and the force applying member 41. The force between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 is fed back to the force measuring member 50 through the force applying member 41.

[0045] Since the force applying member 41 is screwed with the cover 22, when the sample loading member cannot move up and down, the force applying member 41 will move relative to the cover 22 when it rotates relative to the cover 22. The control member can adjust the control of the driving member 43 according to the force value measured by the force measuring member 50, so as to make the force applying member 41 approach or move away from the sample, thereby adjusting the force applied by the force applying member 41 on the sample, and ensuring that the pressure between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 remains unchanged during the test process. At the same time, arranging the force measuring member 50 between the driving member 43 and the force applying member 41 can be away from the high temperature environment below, so that the force measuring member 50 can normally operate without being affected by high temperature, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test result.

[0046] In some embodiments, the force measuring member 50 can be a pressure sensor, for example. In some embodiments, the driving member 43 can include a mechanical endurance tester. The driving member 43 can be arranged to apply a controllable force in the range of 0-10 kN for 1000 h of continuous operation, so as to ensure that the pressure between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 is constant.

[0047] In some embodiments, the compatibility test device can further comprise a sample support 60, which is arranged in the compatibility test container 10, and the sample loading member 20 is movably arranged on the sample support 60. The sample support 60 is arranged to avoid the mutual misalignment of the sample support 60, the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 due to the vibration of the compatibility test container 10. It is easy to understand that the fluidity of liquid sodium in a high-temperature environment, the swelling phenomenon of the fuel sample 100, and the force exerted by the force applying member 41 when exerting pressure can all cause the compatibility test container 10 to vibrate. In this embodiment, by arranging the sample support 60 and movably arranging the sample loading member 20 on the sample support 60, the sample loading member 20 and the sample can be kept in a relatively stable position under vibration conditions, avoiding test errors caused by container vibration, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0048] In some embodiments, the compatibility test container 10 can comprise a container body 11 and a container cover 12. The container cover 12 is arranged with a through hole, and the force applying member 41 passes through the through hole of the container cover 12 into the container body 11.

[0049] In some embodiments, the force applying member 41 can be a rod member. In some embodiments, the force applying member 41 can comprise a first rod section 411 and a second rod section 412, the diameter of the first rod section 411 is greater than the diameter of the second rod section 412, the diameter of the second rod section 412 is comparable to the diameter of the sample, and the length of the first rod section 411 is greater than the length of the second rod section 412. The second rod section 412 is used to be screwed with the cover member 22. In this embodiment, by arranging the diameter of the first rod section 411 to be greater than the diameter of the second rod section 412, deformation of the force applying member 41 due to excessive force or improper operation during rotation of the force applying member 41 can be prevented; by arranging the diameter of the second rod section 412 to be comparable to the size of the sample, the second rod section 412 can be more uniformly in contact with the surface of the sample, thereby ensuring uniform distribution of force when the force is applied; and by arranging the axial length of the first rod section 411 to be greater than the axial length of the second rod section 412, it is helpful to disperse the stress during operation and reduce the risk of deformation of the force applying member 41.

[0050] In some embodiments, the sample support 60 can include a support base plate 61, a plurality of second connecting rods 62, a movable member 63, and an abutting member 64. The plurality of second connecting rods 62 are used to connect the support base plate 61 and the container cover 12. The movable member 63 is disposed above the support base plate 61 and inside the plurality of second connecting rods 62, and is disposed in a clearance fit with the plurality of second connecting rods 62. The abutting member 64 is disposed on the support base plate 61 and is used to abut against the movable member 63. The sample loading member 20 is movably disposed on the movable member 63. In the embodiments of the present application, the support base plate 61 is connected to the container cover 12 through the plurality of second connecting rods 62 to form a stable support structure. By disposing the movable member 63 above the support base plate 61 and in a clearance fit with the second connecting rods 62, the movable member 63 can move slightly in the axial direction of the second connecting rods 62 when affected by vibration, thereby absorbing the vibration and reducing the risk of sample misplacement, thus ensuring the accuracy of the test results. By disposing the abutting member 64 below the support base plate 61, a support point is provided for the support base plate 61, which can absorb and disperse the force generated by the vibration. Since the abutting member 64 abuts against the movable member 63, the abutting member 64 can limit the excessive movement of the movable member 63 when the compatibility test container 10 is subjected to vibration, thereby reducing the risk of sample misplacement and ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0051] The distance between two adjacent second connecting rods 62 is set to allow the sample loading member 20 to pass through smoothly, thereby facilitating the placement and removal of the sample loading member 20 from the sample support 60.

[0052] In some embodiments, the movable member 63 can be provided with a clearance slot 632 that cooperates with the second connecting rods 62, and the clearance slot 632 is in a clearance fit with the second connecting rods 62. In this way, the movable member 63 can move slightly in the axial direction of the second connecting rods 62 when affected by vibration, thereby absorbing the vibration and reducing the risk of sample misplacement, thus ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0053] In some embodiments, the end of the abutting member 64 facing the movable member 63 is a smooth curved surface, and the force applying member 41 and the abutting member 64 are coaxially arranged. In this way, the force generated by the vibration can be dispersed and absorbed, the vibration can be reduced, and the deflection of the force applying member 41 caused by the vibration can be avoided, thus ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0054] In some embodiments, the movable element 63 can be provided with a positioning element 631 for positioning the sample loading element 20 to avoid the sample loading element 20 moving in a direction perpendicular to the force applied by the force applying element 41. It is easy to understand that the force applied by the force applying element 41 is a pressure coaxial with the sample, and if the sample loading element 20 moves in a direction perpendicular to the force, the force applied by the force applying element 41 to the sample will be deflected, so that the pressure between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 cannot be kept constant. The present embodiment effectively prevents the sample loading element 20 from moving in a direction perpendicular to the force during the test by providing the positioning element 631 below the movable element 63, so that the force applying element 41 can effectively apply force to the sample, thereby ensuring that the pressure between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 remains constant, and ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0055] In some embodiments, the positioning element 631 can be a positioning groove.

[0056] In some embodiments, the compatibility test container 10 can be made of nickel-based alloy or stainless steel material with high strength and corrosion resistance, and the capacity range is set to 3-50L, which can withstand a test temperature of up to 800°C. The peripheral wall of the container body 11 can be cylindrical, and the bottom of the container body 11 can be wedge-shaped, thereby facilitating the discharge of liquid sodium.

[0057] In order to simulate the compatibility test under real working conditions, the container body 11 of the present embodiment is arranged on the bottom wall of a glove box 80 with radioactivity, and the radioactivity environment is provided by the glove box 80. The bottom wall of the glove box 80 is provided with a through hole, and the container body 11 is connected with the periphery of the through hole, and the container cover 12 seals the container body 11 in the glove box 80. The force applying assembly 40 can be arranged in the glove box 80. In some embodiments, cooling oil is used to maintain the low temperature environment of the container cover 12.

[0058] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the container cover 12 can be provided with a plurality of bolt holes 121, and the container cover 12 is connected with the bottom wall of the glove box 80 by bolts passing through the bolt holes 121. The force applying element 41, the driving element 43 and the force measuring element 50 are arranged inside the glove box 80. In this way, the sealing and safety during the test can be ensured, and the force applying element 41, the driving element 43 and the force measuring element 50 can be easily operated, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test.

[0059] The control element is also used to adjust the gas content and composition inside the glove box 80 and the compatibility test container 10, and to maintain a micro-positive pressure argon gas environment inside the glove box 80 and the compatibility test container 10.

[0060] Referring toFigure 3 In some embodiments, the compatibility test device can further comprise a sealing member for sealing the accommodation hole of the container cover 12. The sealing member can comprise a sealing tube 73 sleeved on the radial outer side of the force applying member 41, and a bellows (not shown in the figure) for connecting between the sealing tube 73 and the driving member 43. The sealing tube 73 is sealingly connected with the container cover 12. The container cover 12 is provided with a first flange 71, and the sealing tube 73 is provided with a second flange 72, and the first flange 71 and the second flange 72 are connected. Since the bellows is provided, the corresponding expansion amount can be provided by the bellows when the force applying member 41 moves relative to the container cover 12, so that the escape of sodium vapor from the accommodation hole of the container cover 12 can be effectively prevented.

[0061] In some embodiments, the compatibility test device can comprise a liquid alkali metal providing member for providing the liquid alkali metal to the compatibility test container 10. The liquid alkali metal providing member can comprise a liquid delivery tube 30, which can be in fluid communication with the compatibility test container 10 at the bottom of the compatibility test container 10.

[0062] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the compatibility test device can be provided with two groups.

[0063] Embodiments of the present application also provide a compatibility test method, which comprises the following steps S1 to S4.

[0064] Step S1, in a radioactive environment, placing the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 in the sample loading member 20 of the compatibility test device in any of the above embodiments.

[0065] Step S2, using the force applying assembly 40 to apply a force of a predetermined size to the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 in the sample loading member 20.

[0066] Step S3, heating the compatibility test container 10 and supplying liquid sodium to the compatibility test container 10, so that the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 are in the liquid alkali metal.

[0067] Step S4, continuously measuring the size of the force between the metal sample 200 and the fuel sample 100, and adjusting the size of the force applied by the force applying assembly 40 according to the measurement result, so that the force measured by the force measuring member 50 is a preset pressure.

[0068] The test method of the embodiments of the present application can apply pressure to the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 in the liquid alkali metal in a radioactive environment, simulating the pressure between the swelling deformation of the fuel pellets and the cladding in the reactor.

[0069] In some embodiments, before step S1, test preparation and sample pretreatment can be performed. For example, samples meeting the test requirements can be selected; the samples can be cleaned and dried to remove surface impurities and moisture; and all parts of the test device can be checked for damage to ensure that the device can operate normally.

[0070] In some embodiments, in step S1, the container cover 12 can be opened, the sample loading member 20 can be driven upward by the force applying member 41 into the glove box 80, the metal sample 200 can be placed above the fuel sample 100 and stacked in the sample positioning groove 211 of the sample loading member 20, and it can be ensured that the sample is placed stably without the risk of movement or falling off.

[0071] In some embodiments, after step S1, the sample loading member 20 can be driven downward by the force applying member 41 into the container body 11 of the compatibility test container 10, and the container cover 12 can be closed.

[0072] In some embodiments, in step S2, the test running time and the initial force value can be preset according to the test requirements, the force applying process can be as gentle as possible to prevent the applied force from exceeding the preset value and to avoid damage to the sample, and the force measuring member 50 can be used to confirm whether the applied force reaches the preset value.

[0073] In some embodiments, in step S3, the compatibility test container 10 can be heated by the heating member until the required temperature for the test is reached. The liquid alkali metal supply member can be used to supply liquid alkali metal to the compatibility test container 10 until the liquid level covers the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200. The control member can be used to adjust the gas content and composition inside the glove box 80 and the container to maintain a micro-positive pressure argon gas environment in the glove box 80 and the compatibility test container 10. Cooling oil can be used to maintain a low-temperature environment for the container cover 12 to avoid the escape of sodium vapor.

[0074] In some embodiments, in step S4, the fuel sample 100 can swell in the high-temperature radioactive environment, and the pressure between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 can change. The force measuring member 50 can be used to measure the pressure between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200, and the size of the applied force of the force applying assembly 40 can be adjusted in real time according to the measured force value to keep the pressure between the samples at a preset pressure. During this process, the measured data can be recorded periodically.

[0075] In some embodiments, after step S4, after the preset test time is completed, inert gas (for example, argon) is input into the compatibility test container 10, and the liquid alkali metal in the container is discharged by the pressure of the gas. After the liquid alkali metal is discharged, the heating of the compatibility test container 10 is stopped. After the compatibility test container 10 is cooled to a safe temperature, the bolts on the container cover 12 are disassembled, the container cover 12 is opened, and the sample loading piece 20 is moved upward into the glove box 80 by the driving piece 41. The limiting piece 42 is disassembled from the driving piece 41, the sample loading piece 20 is rotated, the driving piece 41 is separated from the cover 22, the sample loading piece 20 is separated from the driving piece 41, and the sample loading piece 20 is taken out from the sample support 60. The fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 are taken out, and after being taken out, the samples can be cleaned and dried to remove the liquid alkali metal and other impurities on the surface. Finally, the samples can be observed, and the test results are analyzed.

[0076] The compatibility test method in the embodiments of the present application is further described below with a specific embodiment of sodium as the alkali metal.

[0077] (1) First, test preparation and sample pretreatment are performed. The fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 in the form of a cylinder with a diameter of 10 mm are selected, and the surface of the sample is ensured to be clean and dry. Then, in a radioactive environment, the container cover 12 of the compatibility test container 10 is opened, the sample loading piece 20 is moved upward into the glove box 80 by the driving piece 41, the metal sample 200 is placed above the fuel sample 100 and overlapped in the sample positioning groove 211 of the sample loading piece 20, and it is ensured that the sample is placed stably without the risk of moving or falling off. Subsequently, the sample loading piece 20 is moved downward into the container body 11 of the compatibility test container 10 by the driving piece 41, the container cover 12 is installed, and the sealing of the compatibility test container 10 is checked. Finally, the container cover 12 is connected to the bottom surface of the glove box 80 by bolts.

[0078] (2) According to the size and shape of the sample, the initial force value is preset to be 1 KN, and the test running time is set to be 1000 h. The driving piece 43 is used to drive the driving piece 41 to rotate, so that the driving piece 41 approaches the sample and applies a force of 1 KN to the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 in the sample loading piece 20. During the driving process, it is necessary to be as gentle as possible to prevent the force value from exceeding 1 KN and to avoid damage to the sample. It can be confirmed by the acting force measuring piece 50 whether the applied force is 1 KN.

[0079] (3) The preset test temperature is 600 DEG C, the compatibility test container 10 is heated by high-temperature hot water until the temperature inside the compatibility test container 10 reaches 600 DEG C. At the same time, sodium liquid is provided into the compatibility test container 10 through the liquid alkali metal providing piece until the liquid surface completely covers the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200. The gas content and composition inside the glove box 80 and the compatibility test container 10 are adjusted by the control piece, and the micro-positive pressure argon gas environment in the glove box 80 and the compatibility test container 10 is maintained to prevent the sample from being oxidized at high temperature or being polluted by other gases.

[0080] (4) During the test process, the fuel sample 100 will swell and deform under the high-temperature radioactive environment, which will change the pressure between the fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200. The force exerted by the metal sample 200 is continuously measured by the force measuring piece 50, and the force exerted by the force applying piece 41 is adjusted in real time according to the measured force value to ensure that the pressure between the samples is kept at 1 KN. During this process, the measured data are recorded periodically, and the changes of the samples in the sodium liquid are observed.

[0081] (5) After the test running time reaches 1000 h, the inert gas (such as argon) is first input into the compatibility test container 10, and the sodium liquid in the compatibility test container 10 is discharged through the liquid delivery pipe 30 by the pressure of the gas. After the sodium liquid is completely discharged, the heating of the compatibility test container 10 is stopped, and the compatibility test container 10 is cooled to a safe temperature. Then, the bolts on the container cover 12 are disassembled, the container cover 12 is opened, the sample loading piece 20 is moved upward into the glove box 80 by the force applying piece 41, the limiting piece 42 is disassembled from the force applying piece 41, the sample loading piece 20 is separated from the force applying piece 41 by rotating the sample loading piece 20 to separate the force applying piece 41 from the cover piece 22, and then the sample loading piece 20 is separated from the force applying piece 41, and the sample loading piece 20 is taken out from the sample support piece 60. The fuel sample 100 and the metal sample 200 are taken out. After being taken out, the samples are cleaned and dried to remove the sodium liquid and other impurities on the surface. Finally, the samples are observed and the data are analyzed to evaluate the compatibility of the samples under the high-temperature radioactive environment.

[0082] The compatibility test device and method provided by the embodiment of the present application can simulate the interaction force between the fuel pellets and the cladding in the integrated closed cycle high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear energy system under the high-temperature radioactive environment due to the swelling and deformation of the fuel pellets, and can adjust the force in real time to ensure that the pressure between the fuel pellets and the cladding is constant.

[0083] For the embodiments of the present application, it also needs to be explained that the embodiments and the features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments without conflict.

[0084] The above merely illustrates the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A compatibility testing apparatus for conducting alkali metal compatibility tests on fuel and metal samples in a radioactive environment to simulate the interaction between fuel pellets and cladding in liquid alkali metal within a reactor, characterized in that, The test apparatus includes: Compatibility test container, used to provide space for compatibility testing; A sample loading device is detachably disposed in the compatibility test container, and the fuel sample and the metal sample are stacked on the sample loading device; A liquid alkali metal supply for supplying liquid alkali metal to the compatibility test container so that the fuel sample and the metal sample are immersed in the liquid alkali metal; A force-applying component configured to apply a force to the fuel sample and the metal sample in the sample loading member, thereby creating pressure between the fuel sample and the metal sample; A force measuring device is used to measure the magnitude of the force applied by the force applying component to the fuel sample and the metal sample, so as to adjust the magnitude of the force applied by the force applying component according to the measurement result of the force measuring device, so that the force measured by the force measuring device is a preset pressure.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample loading component includes a base and a cover disposed opposite to each other, and a plurality of first connecting rods connecting the base and the cover; The fuel sample and the metal sample are stacked on the base; The force-applying component includes a force-applying element that is movable relative to the cover and applies a force to the fuel sample and the metal sample by abutting against the fuel sample.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cover has a threaded hole, the force-applying member passes through the threaded hole to the bottom of the cover, and the force-applying member is threadedly connected to the threaded hole; The force-applying component also includes a limiting member, which is disposed below the cover and below the force-applying component to prevent the force-applying component from detaching from the cover.

4. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The force-applying component further includes: a driving member for driving the force-applying member to rotate so as to move relative to the cover; The force measuring element is disposed between the driving element and the force applying element.

5. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A sample support is disposed within the compatibility test container, and a sample loading member is movably disposed within the sample support; The sample support is configured to prevent misalignment between the sample support and the fuel sample and the metal sample due to vibration of the compatibility test container.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The compatibility test container includes a container body and a container lid, and the sample support includes: Support base plate; Multiple second connecting rods are used to connect the support base plate and the container lid; A movable component is disposed above the support base plate and located inside the plurality of second connecting rods, and the movable component is configured to have a clearance fit with the plurality of second connecting rods; An abutment is provided on the supporting base plate for abutting against the movable part; The sample loading element is movably disposed on the movable element.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The movable component is provided with a clearance groove that mates with the second connecting rod, and the clearance groove is in clearance fit with the second connecting rod.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the abutment facing the movable part is a smooth curved surface, and the force-applying part and the abutment are coaxially arranged.

9. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The movable component is provided with a positioning component for positioning the sample loading component to prevent the sample loading component from moving relative to the movable component in a direction perpendicular to the force applied by the force-applying component.

10. A compatibility testing method for conducting alkali metal compatibility tests on fuel samples and metal samples in a radioactive environment to simulate the interaction between fuel pellets and cladding in liquid alkali metal within a reactor, characterized in that... The test method includes: S1. In a radioactive environment, the fuel sample and the metal sample are placed in the sample loading component of the compatibility testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9; S2. Apply a predetermined force to the fuel sample and the metal sample in the sample loading member using the force application component; S3. The compatibility test container is heated, and liquid sodium is supplied into the compatibility test container so that the fuel sample and the metal sample are in liquid alkali metal; S4. Continuously measure the magnitude of the force between the metal sample and the fuel sample, and adjust the magnitude of the force applied by the force application component according to the measurement result, so that the force measured by the force measuring device is a preset pressure.

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