A method and device for controlling low-carbon operation of a coal-fired unit

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and device for controlling the low-carbon operation of a coal-fired unit. The method and device obtain operating parameters of a P2G-P2A-CCUS combined operation model. The P2G-P2A-CCUS combined operation model includes a P2G system, a P2A system, and a CCUS device. The P2A system is used to receive hydrogen generated by the P2G system that cannot be applied to the CCUS device. Based on preset constraints, the operating parameters are substituted into a low-carbon operation calculation formula of the coal-fired unit to obtain a low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit. The low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit is solved to obtain a low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit. Based on the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit, the operation of the P2G-P2A-CCUS combined operation model is controlled. The present invention can solve the problem of difficulty in achieving stable matching between P2H generation and the amount of carbon dioxide captured in the CCUS system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal-fired units, and in particular to a low-carbon operation control method and device for a coal-fired unit. Background Art

[0002] P2G-CCUS combined operation is a comprehensive low-carbon technology that converts renewable electricity into gaseous fuel and captures and recycles CO2. This technology utilizes renewable energy sources such as wind and photovoltaic power to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen, and combines the captured CO2 with methanation to synthesize CH4, achieving both storage and conversion of renewable electricity. Due to the volatility and intermittent nature of renewable energy, P2G systems struggle to match the CO2 capture capacity of CCUS systems, impacting operational coordination.

[0003] Therefore, a low-carbon operation control strategy for coal-fired units is urgently needed to solve the problem of low operational coordination between the P2G system and the CCUS system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a low-carbon operation control method and device for a coal-fired unit to solve the problem of low operational coordination between a P2G system and a CCUS system.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a low-carbon operation control method for a coal-fired unit, comprising:

[0006] Obtaining operating parameters of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model; wherein the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2G system, a P2A system, and a CCUS device; the P2A system is used to receive hydrogen generated by the P2G system that cannot be used in the CCUS device;

[0007] Based on preset constraints, the operating parameters are substituted into the low-carbon operation calculation formula of the coal-fired unit to obtain the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit;

[0008] Solve the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit to obtain a low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit; wherein the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit includes:

[0009] Based on the low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit, the operation of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model is controlled.

[0010] As an improvement to the above scheme, the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2H unit, a PSA unit, a methanation unit, a synthetic ammonia unit, a cogeneration unit, a coal-fired power generation unit, a CCUS unit, a waste heat recovery unit, an ammonia storage unit, a photovoltaic unit, and a wind turbine.

[0011] The P2H device is used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and transmit nitrogen to the methanation device and the ammonia synthesis device;

[0012] The PSA device is used to absorb nitrogen from the air and transmit the nitrogen to the ammonia synthesis device;

[0013] The methanation device is used to generate methane from the received hydrogen and the received carbon dioxide;

[0014] The ammonia synthesis device is used to react the received nitrogen with the received hydrogen to generate ammonia;

[0015] The cogeneration unit is used to burn the received methane to generate electricity, generate first carbon dioxide, and transmit the first carbon dioxide to the CCUS device;

[0016] The coal-fired power generation unit is used to burn coal and received ammonia to generate electricity, generate second carbon dioxide, and transmit the second carbon dioxide to the CCUS device;

[0017] The CCUS device is used to collect the first carbon dioxide and the received second carbon dioxide, and transmit the collected carbon dioxide to the methanation device;

[0018] The waste heat recovery device is used to collect the heat generated by the methanation device and the ammonia synthesis device;

[0019] The ammonia storage device is used to store ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device;

[0020] The photovoltaic device is used for photovoltaic power generation, and the wind turbine is used for wind power generation;

[0021] The P2G system includes: a P2H device and a methanation device; the P2A system includes: a P2H device, a synthetic ammonia device and a PSA device.

[0022] As an improvement to the above scheme, the operating parameters include: coal consumption of coal-fired power generation units when burning with ammonia, gas purchase volume of cogeneration units, unit operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic devices, fans, P2H devices, methanation devices, synthetic ammonia devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices, total energy consumption of photovoltaic devices, fans, P2H devices, methanation devices, synthetic ammonia devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices, carbon trading costs, unit CO2 storage costs, quality of CO2 stored in the system, day-ahead forecast output of photovoltaic and wind power, and scheduling cycle.

[0023] As an improvement to the above solution, the preset constraints include: a ladder carbon trading mechanism constraint and a multi-energy balance constraint;

[0024] The constraints of the tiered carbon trading mechanism include:

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] Where, is the carbon quota of the system at time t; e G 、e H These are the carbon quotas for electricity and heat supply units; The power and heating capacity of the cogeneration unit at time t; is the power generation capacity of the coal-fired power generation device at time t; is the CO2 produced by the system at time t; e coal 、 are the carbon emission intensities of coal and natural gas respectively; is the coal consumption of the coal-fired power generation unit during ammonia combustion at time t, V t CHP is the gas purchase volume of the cogeneration unit at time t, is the volume of CH4 generated by methanogenesis at time t, is the mass of CO2 captured by the CCUS device at time t; is the carbon trading cost at time t; χ is the carbon trading base price; L is the length of the carbon emission interval; θ is the increase in the carbon trading price; δ is the compensation coefficient; is the carbon emission rights actually participating in the carbon trading market at time t;

[0028] The multi-energy balance constraints include:

[0029]

[0030] Where, is the density of NH3, is the load power at time t, is the actual absorbed power of photovoltaic output at time t, is the actual power consumption of the wind turbine at time t, is the power consumed by P2H at time t, is the electric power consumed by the ammonia synthesis unit at time t, is the electric power consumed by the PSA device at time t, P t CCUS,sum is the total energy consumption of the CCUS device at time t, is the thermal power generated by the waste heat recovery device at time t, is the hydrogen usage of the methanation unit at time t, is the hydrogen usage of the ammonia synthesis unit at time t, is the volume of NH3 synthesized at time t, is the ammonia storage capacity of the ammonia storage tank at time t, is the amount of ammonia released from the ammonia storage tank at time t.

[0031] As an improvement to the above solution, the calculation formula for low-carbon operation of coal-fired units meets the following conditions:

[0032] min C=C1+C2+C3+C4+C5

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Where C is the total operating cost within a scheduling cycle; C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 are fuel costs, equipment operation and maintenance costs, carbon trading costs, carbon sequestration costs, and wind and solar curtailment penalty costs, respectively. C is the coal consumption of the coal-fired power generation unit at time t when burning with ammonia; coal 、 are the unit price of coal and natural gas respectively; V t CHP is the gas purchase volume of the cogeneration unit at time t; μ PV 、μ WT 、μ P2H 、μ MR 、μ P2A 、μ CCUS 、μ WHR They are the unit operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic devices, wind turbines, P2H devices, methanation devices, synthetic ammonia devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices; are the actual absorbed power of photovoltaic devices and wind turbine output respectively; are the operating energy consumption of the P2H unit, ammonia unit, and CCUS unit at time t respectively; is the thermal power generated by the waste heat recovery device at time t; is the volume of CH4 produced by methanogenesis at time t; is the carbon transaction cost at time t, a positive value represents purchase, and a negative value represents sale; C sto is the unit storage cost of CO2; is the mass of CO2 stored in the system; k PV 、k WT The penalty cost for units that abandon solar and wind power; P t PV,pre 、P t WT,pre are the day-ahead predicted outputs of photovoltaic and wind power at time t, respectively; T is the scheduling period.

[0036] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a low-carbon operation control device for a coal-fired unit, comprising: a data acquisition module, a calculation module, a solution module, and a control module;

[0037] The data acquisition module is configured to acquire operating parameters of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model; wherein the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2G system, a P2A system, and a CCUS device; the P2A system is configured to receive hydrogen generated by the P2G system that cannot be used in the CCUS device;

[0038] The calculation module is used to substitute the operating parameters into the low-carbon operation calculation formula of the coal-fired unit based on preset constraints to obtain a low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit;

[0039] The solving module is used to solve the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit to obtain the low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit; wherein the low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit include: total system operating cost, wind and solar power curtailment rate, P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation status, system power balance status, and coal-fired unit ammonia blending ratio;

[0040] The control module is used to control the operation of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model based on the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit.

[0041] The P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2H unit, a PSA unit, a methanation unit, a synthetic ammonia unit, a cogeneration unit, a coal-fired power generation unit, a CCUS unit, a waste heat recovery unit, an ammonia storage unit, a photovoltaic unit, and a wind turbine;

[0042] The P2H device is used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and transmit nitrogen to the methanation device and the ammonia synthesis device;

[0043] The PSA device is used to absorb nitrogen from the air and transmit the nitrogen to the ammonia synthesis device;

[0044] The methanation device is used to generate methane from the received hydrogen and the received carbon dioxide;

[0045] The ammonia synthesis device is used to react the received nitrogen with the received hydrogen to generate ammonia;

[0046] The cogeneration unit is used to burn the received methane to generate electricity, generate first carbon dioxide, and transmit the first carbon dioxide to the CCUS device;

[0047] The coal-fired power generation unit is used to burn coal and received ammonia to generate electricity, generate second carbon dioxide, and transmit the second carbon dioxide to the CCUS device;

[0048] The CCUS device is used to collect the first carbon dioxide and the received second carbon dioxide, and transmit the collected carbon dioxide to the methanation device;

[0049] The waste heat recovery device is used to collect the heat generated by the methanation device and the ammonia synthesis device;

[0050] The ammonia storage device is used to store ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device;

[0051] The photovoltaic device is used for photovoltaic power generation, and the wind turbine is used for wind power generation;

[0052] The P2G system includes: a P2H device and a methanation device; the P2A system includes: a P2H device, a synthetic ammonia device and a PSA device.

[0053] As an improvement to the above scheme, the operating parameters include: coal consumption of coal-fired power generation units when burning with ammonia, gas purchase volume of cogeneration units, unit operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic devices, fans, P2H devices, methanation devices, synthetic ammonia devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices, total energy consumption of photovoltaic devices, fans, P2H devices, methanation devices, synthetic ammonia devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices, carbon trading costs, unit CO2 storage costs, quality of CO2 stored in the system, day-ahead forecast output of photovoltaic and wind power, and scheduling cycle.

[0054] As an improvement to the above solution, the preset constraints include: a ladder carbon trading mechanism constraint and a multi-energy balance constraint;

[0055] The constraints of the tiered carbon trading mechanism include:

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] Where, is the carbon quota of the system at time t; e G 、e H These are the carbon quotas for electricity and heat supply units; The power and heating capacity of the cogeneration unit at time t; is the power generation capacity of the coal-fired power generation device at time t; is the CO2 produced by the system at time t; e coal 、 are the carbon emission intensities of coal and natural gas respectively; is the coal consumption of the coal-fired power generation unit during ammonia combustion at time t, V t CHP is the gas purchase volume of the cogeneration unit at time t, is the volume of CH4 generated by methanogenesis at time t, is the mass of CO2 captured by the CCUS device at time t; is the carbon trading cost at time t; χ is the carbon trading base price; L is the length of the carbon emission interval; θ is the increase in the carbon trading price; δ is the compensation coefficient; is the carbon emission rights actually participating in the carbon trading market transactions at time t;

[0059] The multi-energy balance constraints include:

[0060]

[0061] Where, is the density of NH3, is the load power at time t, is the actual photovoltaic power consumption at time t, is the actual power consumption of the wind turbine at time t, is the power consumed by P2H at time t, is the electric power consumed by the ammonia synthesis unit at time t, is the electric power consumed by the PSA device at time t, P t CCUS,sum is the total energy consumption of the CCUS device at time t, is the thermal power generated by the waste heat recovery device at time t, is the hydrogen usage of the methanation unit at time t, is the hydrogen usage of the ammonia synthesis unit at time t, is the volume of NH3 synthesized at time t, is the ammonia storage capacity of the ammonia storage tank at time t, is the amount of ammonia released from the ammonia storage tank at time t.

[0062] As an improvement to the above solution, the calculation formula for low-carbon operation of coal-fired units meets the following conditions:

[0063] min C=C1+C2+C3+C4+C5

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Where C is the total operating cost within a scheduling cycle; C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 are fuel costs, equipment operation and maintenance costs, carbon trading costs, carbon sequestration costs, and wind and solar curtailment penalty costs, respectively. C is the coal consumption of the coal-fired power generation unit at time t when burning with ammonia; coal 、 are the unit price of coal and natural gas respectively; V t CHP is the gas purchase volume of the cogeneration unit at time t; μ PV 、μ WT、μ P2H 、μ MR 、μ P2A 、μ CCUS 、μ WHR They are the unit operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic devices, wind turbines, P2H devices, methanation devices, synthetic ammonia devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices; are the actual absorbed power of photovoltaic devices and wind turbine output respectively; are the operating energy consumption of the P2H unit, ammonia unit, and CCUS unit at time t respectively; is the thermal power generated by the waste heat recovery device at time t; is the volume of CH4 produced by methanogenesis at time t; is the carbon transaction cost at time t, a positive value represents purchase, and a negative value represents sale; C sto is the unit storage cost of CO2; is the mass of CO2 stored in the system; k PV 、k WT The penalty cost for units that abandon solar and wind power; P t PV,pre 、P t WT,pre are the day-ahead predicted outputs of photovoltaic and wind power at time t, respectively; T is the scheduling period.

[0067] As can be seen from the above, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0068] The present invention provides a low-carbon operation control method for a coal-fired unit, which obtains operating parameters of a P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model; wherein the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2G system, a P2A system and a CCUS device; the P2A system is used to receive hydrogen generated by the P2G system that cannot be applied to the CCUS device; based on preset constraints, the operating parameters are substituted into a low-carbon operation calculation formula of the coal-fired unit to obtain a low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit; the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit is solved to obtain a low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit; wherein the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit includes: total system operating cost, wind and solar power curtailment rate, P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation status, system power balance status, and ammonia blending ratio of the coal-fired unit; based on the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit, the operation of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model is controlled. By introducing P2A technology into the P2G-CCUS combined operation module to receive and process excess hydrogen, the present invention can solve the problem of P2H generation being difficult to stably match with the amount of carbon dioxide captured in the CCUS system. Based on preset constraints and a low-carbon operation model for coal-fired units, the present invention reduces the carbon emissions of the P2G-P2A-CCUS combined operation system and better maintains the stability of the system operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a low-carbon operation control method for a coal-fired unit provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a low-carbon operation control device for a coal-fired unit provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 4 This is the operating architecture of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of load and renewable energy forecast values ​​provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of hydrogen energy distribution in a P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the ammonia blending ratio for coal-fired ammonia blended power generation provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a low-carbon operation control method for a coal-fired unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment includes steps 101 to 104, and each step is specifically as follows:

[0079] Step 101: Obtain operating parameters of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model; wherein the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2G system, a P2A system, and a CCUS device; the P2A system is used to receive hydrogen generated by the P2G system that cannot be used in the CCUS device.

[0080] In a specific embodiment, considering the low overall conversion efficiency of P2G, the P2G device is subdivided into two stages: water electrolysis (P2H) and methanation (MR). Hydrogen is generated by water electrolysis, and the hydrogen energy is flexibly allocated by the ammonia synthesis reaction: when the demand for CH4 increases, more hydrogen can be allocated to the methanation reaction; P2A technology is added, and green hydrogen generated by water electrolysis is used to synthesize green ammonia with nitrogen in the air, and then mixed with coal for combustion, completing the ammonia-blended low-carbon transformation of coal-fired units, realizing the large-scale replacement of fossil fuels with green ammonia, and further reducing the coal consumption and carbon emissions of coal-fired power generation units. When the demand for ammonia synthesis increases, hydrogen is used more to react with N2 to produce NH3. At the same time, CCUS technology captures CO2 emitted by coal-fired units and gas-fired cogeneration, providing raw materials for methanation. The CH4 produced by methanation is fed into the gas-fired cogeneration for combustion, thus forming a P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model, expanding the diversified absorption path of wind and solar resources, and realizing efficient absorption of regional wind and solar power and recycling of carbon.

[0081] In this embodiment, the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2H unit, a PSA unit, a methanation unit, an ammonia synthesis unit, a cogeneration unit, a coal-fired power generation unit, a CCUS unit, a waste heat recovery unit, an ammonia storage unit, a photovoltaic unit, and a wind turbine;

[0082] The P2H device is used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and transmit nitrogen to the methanation device and the ammonia synthesis device;

[0083] The PSA device is used to absorb nitrogen from the air and transmit the nitrogen to the ammonia synthesis device;

[0084] The methanation device is used to generate methane from the received hydrogen and the received carbon dioxide;

[0085] The ammonia synthesis device is used to react the received nitrogen with the received hydrogen to generate ammonia;

[0086] The cogeneration unit is used to burn the received methane to generate electricity, generate first carbon dioxide, and transmit the first carbon dioxide to the CCUS device;

[0087] The coal-fired power generation unit is used to burn coal and received ammonia to generate electricity, generate second carbon dioxide, and transmit the second carbon dioxide to the CCUS device;

[0088] The CCUS device is used to collect the first carbon dioxide and the received second carbon dioxide, and transmit the collected carbon dioxide to the methanation device;

[0089] The waste heat recovery device is used to collect the heat generated by the methanation device and the ammonia synthesis device;

[0090] The ammonia storage device is used to store ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device;

[0091] The photovoltaic device is used for photovoltaic power generation, and the wind turbine is used for wind power generation;

[0092] The P2G system includes: a P2H device and a methanation device; the P2A system includes: a P2H device, a synthetic ammonia device and a PSA device.

[0093] In this embodiment, the operation of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model is controlled based on the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit.

[0094] In a specific embodiment, the water electrolysis device (P2H device) meets the following conditions:

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] Where, The volume of H2 produced by P2H at time t; is the electric power consumed by P2H at time t; η P2H is the electrolysis efficiency of the P2H device; is the unit energy consumption for hydrogen production; The upper limit of the power consumption of the P2H device.

[0098] In a specific embodiment, the methanation device (MR device) meets the following conditions:

[0099]

[0100] Where, is the mass of CO2 required for methanation reaction at time t; is the volume of H2 consumed by methanogenesis at time t; is the CO2 density; is the volume of CH4 produced by methanogenesis at time t.

[0101] In a specific embodiment, a synthetic ammonia device combines green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis with nitrogen in the air and further uses green electricity to synthesize green ammonia. The device meets the following conditions:

[0102]

[0103] Where, is the electric power consumed by the ammonia synthesis unit at time t; is the volume of NH3 synthesized at time t; is the unit energy consumption for ammonia production; is the volume of H2 required for the ammonia synthesis reaction at time t; The upper limit of electric power consumption of the electro-ammonia conversion device.

[0104] In one specific embodiment, a PSA unit utilizes pressure swing adsorption (PSA) nitrogen technology, which is widely used for nitrogen production due to its high efficiency and low operation and maintenance costs. To reduce the power consumption of the PSA unit, nitrogen production is adjusted according to the hydrogen consumption rate of the ammonia synthesis reaction. The PSA unit's pressure swing adsorption nitrogen meets the following conditions:

[0105]

[0106] Where, is the electric power consumed by the PSA device at time t; N2 energy consumption is expressed in units.

[0107] In a specific embodiment, a CCUS device captures CO2 produced by a coal-fired unit and a gas-fired cogeneration unit. A portion of the captured CO2 provides a stable carbon source for hydrogen methanation, and the remaining portion is stored and managed. The CCUS device meets the following conditions:

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] Where, P t CCS,sum is the total energy consumption of CCUS at time t; P base is the fixed energy consumption of CCUS; is the operating energy consumption of CCUS at time t; w c The energy consumption for treating unit mass of CO2; is the mass of CO2 captured by CCUS at time t; is the mass of CO2 stored in the system; is the maximum operating energy consumption of the CCUS device.

[0111] In a specific embodiment, a coal-fired power generation unit uses green ammonia for power generation, which is a cleaner fuel source. The coal-fired power generation unit meets the following conditions:

[0112]

[0113] Since the combustion of coal-fired units with ammonia will have a certain impact on the internal combustion conditions, the ammonia ratio of coal-fired units is restricted:

[0114] 0≤β t ≤β max

[0115] Where a1, b1, and c1 are the coal consumption characteristic coefficients of the coal-fired unit; is the coal consumption of the coal-fired unit when burning with ammonia at time t; is the power generation capacity of the coal-fired unit at time t; L coal are the lower heating values ​​of ammonia and coal respectively; β t are the ammonia content and ammonia ratio of the coal-fired unit at time t respectively; are the minimum and maximum power generation capacities of coal-fired units respectively; They are the minimum and maximum ramping power of the coal-fired unit respectively.

[0116] In a specific embodiment, the ammonia storage device can flexibly adjust the amount of ammonia stored and released based on the ammonia blending requirements of the coal-fired unit, thereby achieving flexible transfer of ammonia energy and further improving the wind and solar power absorption capacity. The ammonia storage device meets the following conditions:

[0117]

[0118] Where: are the ammonia storage amounts in the ammonia storage device at time t and time t-1 respectively; is the ammonia storage capacity and ammonia release capacity of the ammonia storage device at time t; They are the ammonia storage and release efficiencies of the ammonia storage device respectively; Respectively represent the upper and lower limits of the ammonia storage device capacity; They are the maximum ammonia storage and release capacities of the ammonia storage device respectively; It is a 0 / 1 variable, which represents the ammonia storage and ammonia release status parameters of the ammonia storage device, 0 means closed, and 1 means open; is the initial capacity of the ammonia storage device, T is the system scheduling cycle, and the capacity of the ammonia storage device remains unchanged after a scheduling cycle.

[0119] In a specific embodiment, the waste heat recovery device can recover waste heat from multiple links, including the methanation reaction waste heat utilization and the ammonia synthesis reaction waste heat utilization. The multi-link waste heat utilization works in conjunction with the gas cogeneration unit to meet the system heat load and improve the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency:

[0120] In a methanation unit, the efficiency of the hydrogen methanation reaction decreases with the intense reaction heat. Therefore, introducing a heat recovery unit to recycle the reaction heat during the methanation reaction not only improves the reaction efficiency but also enables refined utilization of electrical energy into gas energy and thermal energy, improving energy efficiency. The methanation waste heat utilization model is as follows:

[0121]

[0122] Where, is the waste heat power generated by methanation at time t; ΔH is the heat of methanation reaction; is the proportion of waste heat recovered.

[0123] In ammonia synthesis plants, reaction heat is typically dissipated directly into the air to maintain a constant temperature within the reaction equipment, resulting in thermal pollution and resource waste. To address this issue, a liquid cooling system is used to cool the generated ammonia gas. The waste heat from the liquid cooling system is then recovered and used to supply the heat load, thereby improving energy efficiency to a certain extent. The model for utilizing waste heat from the ammonia synthesis reaction is as follows:

[0124]

[0125] Where, The waste heat power provided to the system by the electricity-to-ammonia process at time t; The heat power released by generating unit ammonia; The proportion of heat released from electricity-to-ammonia conversion used for heating.

[0126] The waste heat recovery device utilizes the waste heat power generated by the hydrogen methanation and ammonia synthesis processes to recover waste heat, meeting part of the system's heat load. The waste heat recovery device meets the following conditions:

[0127]

[0128] Where, is the thermal power generated by the waste heat recovery device at time t; is the waste heat power input to the waste heat recovery device at time t; η WHR It is the heat exchange efficiency of the waste heat recovery device.

[0129] Step 102: Based on preset constraints, the operating parameters are substituted into the low-carbon operation calculation formula of the coal-fired unit to obtain a low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit.

[0130] In this embodiment, the preset constraints include: ladder carbon trading mechanism constraints and multi-energy balance constraints;

[0131] The constraints of the tiered carbon trading mechanism include:

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] Where, is the carbon quota of the system at time t; e G 、e H These are the carbon quotas for electricity and heat supply units; The power and heating capacity of the cogeneration unit at time t; is the power generation capacity of the coal-fired power generation device at time t; is the CO2 produced by the system at time t; e coal 、 are the carbon emission intensities of coal and natural gas respectively; is the coal consumption of coal-fired power generation equipment during ammonia combustion at time t, is the gas purchase volume of the cogeneration unit at time t, is the volume of CH4 generated by methanogenesis at time t, is the mass of CO2 captured by the CCUS device at time t; is the carbon trading cost at time t; χ is the carbon trading base price; L is the length of the carbon emission interval; θ is the increase in the carbon trading price; δ is the compensation coefficient; is the carbon emission rights actually participating in the carbon trading market at time t;

[0135] The multi-energy balance constraints include:

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] Where, is the density of NH3, is the load power at time t, is the actual absorbed power of photovoltaic output at time t, is the actual power consumption of the wind turbine at time t, is the power consumed by P2H at time t, is the electric power consumed by the ammonia synthesis unit at time t, is the electric power consumed by the PSA device at time t, P t CCUS,sum is the total energy consumption of the CCUS device at time t, is the thermal power generated by the waste heat recovery device at time t, is the hydrogen usage of the methanation unit at time t, is the hydrogen usage of the ammonia synthesis unit at time t, is the volume of NH3 synthesized at time t, is the ammonia storage capacity of the ammonia storage tank at time t, is the amount of ammonia released from the ammonia storage tank at time t.

[0139] In this embodiment, the low-carbon operation calculation formula of the coal-fired unit meets the following conditions:

[0140] min C=C1+C2+C3+C4+C5

[0141]

[0142] Where C is the total operating cost within a scheduling cycle; C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 are fuel costs, equipment operation and maintenance costs, carbon trading costs, carbon sequestration costs, and wind and solar curtailment penalty costs, respectively. C is the coal consumption of the coal-fired power generation unit at time t when burning with ammonia; coal 、 are the unit price of coal and the unit price of natural gas respectively; is the gas purchase volume of the cogeneration unit at time t; μ PV 、μ WT 、μ P2H 、μ MR 、μ P2A 、μ CCUS 、μ WHR They are the unit operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic devices, wind turbines, P2H devices, methanation devices, synthetic ammonia devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices; are the actual absorbed power of photovoltaic devices and wind turbine output respectively; are the operating energy consumption of the P2H unit, ammonia unit, and CCUS unit at time t respectively; is the thermal power generated by the waste heat recovery device at time t; is the volume of CH4 produced by methanogenesis at time t; is the carbon transaction cost at time t, a positive value represents purchase, and a negative value represents sale; C sto is the unit storage cost of CO2; is the mass of CO2 stored in the system; k PV 、k WT The penalty cost for units that abandon solar and wind power; P t PV,pre 、P t WT,pre are the day-ahead predicted outputs of photovoltaic and wind power at time t, respectively; T is the scheduling period.

[0143] Step 103: Solve the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit to obtain the low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit; wherein the low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit include: total system operating cost, wind and solar power curtailment rate, P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation status, system power balance status, and coal-fired unit ammonia blending ratio.

[0144] In this embodiment, the optimal solution is considered to have been found when an integer solution that satisfies all constraints is found by the Gurobi solver, and the objective function value of the solution is the same as the objective function value of the relaxation problem (LP relaxation, i.e., the continuous solution that ignores the integer constraints) or the difference is within the set tolerance range.

[0145] Default Tolerance: Gurobi uses the relative optimization gap (MIPGap) by default, which calculates the relative difference between the optimal integer solution and the current LP relaxation solution. When this difference is 0 or less than the specified tolerance, Gurobi considers the global optimal solution to be found and outputs it. The default tolerance is 0.0001 (i.e., 0.01%), which can be adjusted using the parameter MIPGap.

[0146] The low-carbon operation model of coal-fired units is a mixed integer linear programming problem. A day-ahead optimization scheduling model is built on the MATLAB platform based on Yalmip. The model includes the constraints of the step-by-step carbon trading mechanism, multi-energy balance, and objective function described in the steps. The Gurobi solver is called to optimize and solve the model.

[0147] Step 104: Based on the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit, control the operation of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model.

[0148] In a specific embodiment, the low-carbon operation architecture of the coal-fired unit with wind and solar multi-consumption and carbon recycling is constructed as follows: Figure 4 The basic system parameters include the predicted values ​​of electric load, thermal load, wind turbine and photovoltaic output, multi-energy coupling equipment composition and operating parameters, etc. The system related parameters are shown in Table 1, and the predicted values ​​of load and renewable energy are shown in Table 2. Figure 5 .

[0149] Table 1 System related parameters

[0150]

[0151] For this embodiment, in order to verify the superiority of the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit with wind and solar multi-energy consumption and carbon recycling constructed by the present invention, four scenarios are set for comparative analysis, see Table 2; the operation results of the four scenarios are shown in Table 3. Figure 6 The hydrogen energy allocation for the combined operation of P2G-P2A-CCUS is shown in the figure. Figure 7 It is the ammonia ratio of coal-fired ammonia-blended power generation.

[0152] Table 2 Operational schemes for different scenarios

[0153]

[0154] Table 3 Comparison of optimization results in different scenarios

[0155]

[0156] The software used to perform the case simulation is MATLAB_R2021a configured with the YALMIP toolbox, and the GUROBI solver is called for solving; the simulation platform processor used is Intel i5-9300H, the memory is 8GB, and the operating system is 64-bit Windows 11; the scheduling cycle is 24 hours, and the time interval is 1 hour.

[0157] Compared to Case 1, Case 2 introduces coal-fired power generation technology with green ammonia. As shown in Table 3, the coal-fired power generation unit with green ammonia fully utilizes its economical and low-carbon operating characteristics, reducing total system operating costs by 17.44%, including a 6.11% reduction in fuel costs, a 61.64% reduction in wind and solar curtailment penalties, and an 18.48% increase in carbon trading revenue. Therefore, the introduction of coal-fired power generation with green ammonia technology utilizes excess regional wind and solar resources to complete the electricity-to-ammonia conversion, achieving large-scale green ammonia substitution for fossil fuels, reducing coal consumption and carbon emissions for coal-fired power generation units, and achieving low-carbon and economical operation of coal-fired units.

[0158] To further leverage the system's ability to absorb wind and solar power and its low-carbon operation characteristics, Case 3 introduces a combined P2G-P2A-CCUS operation model. By refining the P2G and P2A operating processes, it enables flexible conversion of hydrogen to methane and hydrogen to ammonia. It also collaborates with CCUS equipment to recycle CO2, alleviating storage pressure on CCUS equipment. Compared to Case 2, the system's total operating costs decreased by 6.01%, wind and solar curtailment penalties were reduced by 52.52%, and carbon emission benefits increased by 7.64%. This demonstrates that compared to traditional operation models, the P2G-P2A-CCUS combined operation model not only further reduces system operating costs and wind and solar curtailment penalties, but also enhances the system's overall low-carbon benefits and resource utilization efficiency through flexible energy conversion and CCUS equipment.

[0159] In order to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy, Case 4 uses a waste heat recovery device to reuse the waste heat from methanation and ammonia synthesis reactions, meeting part of the heat load demand, reducing the system's heating energy consumption, and improving the system's heating flexibility. Compared with Case 3, the total operating cost of the system was reduced by 9.03%, and the penalty for wind and solar power abandonment was reduced by 32.6%. The carbon emission benefits decreased by 9.94%. This is because the reuse of waste heat resources reduces the thermal output of the gas-fired cogeneration unit, resulting in a decrease in the carbon quota obtained by the heating unit. In Case 4, the distribution of hydrogen energy is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the ammonia added to coal-fired power generation is as follows: Figure 7 As shown. Combined Figure 3 and Figure 4It can be seen that when wind and solar resources are abundant, the system will give priority to synthesizing ammonia from hydrogen, and under the premise of ensuring safety, mix it with coal at the maximum ammonia ratio to generate electricity, ensuring that coal-fired units achieve low-carbon operation under optimal conditions.

[0160] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-carbon operation control device for a coal-fired unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: a data acquisition module 201, a calculation module 202, a solution module 203 and a control module 204;

[0161] The data acquisition module is configured to acquire operating parameters of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model; wherein the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2G system, a P2A system, and a CCUS device; the P2A system is configured to receive hydrogen generated by the P2G system that cannot be used in the CCUS device;

[0162] The calculation module is used to substitute the operating parameters into the low-carbon operation calculation formula of the coal-fired unit based on preset constraints to obtain a low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit;

[0163] The solving module is used to solve the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit to obtain the low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit; wherein the low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit include: total system operating cost, wind and solar power curtailment rate, P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation status, system power balance status, and coal-fired unit ammonia blending ratio;

[0164] The control module is used to control the operation of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model based on the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit.

[0165] It can be understood that the above-mentioned system embodiment corresponds to the method embodiment of the present invention, which can implement the low-carbon operation control method of the coal-fired unit provided by any of the above-mentioned method embodiments of the present invention.

[0166] This embodiment obtains the operating parameters of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model; wherein the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2G system, a P2A system and a CCUS device; the P2A system is used to receive hydrogen generated by the P2G system that cannot be applied to the CCUS device; based on preset constraints, the operating parameters are substituted into the low-carbon operation calculation formula of the coal-fired unit to obtain the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit; the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit is solved to obtain the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit; wherein the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit includes: total system operating cost, wind and solar power curtailment rate, P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation status, system power balance status, and coal-fired unit ammonia blending ratio; based on the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit, the operation of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model is controlled. By introducing P2A technology into the P2G-CCUS combined operation module to receive and process excess hydrogen, the present invention can solve the problem of P2H generation being difficult to stably match with the amount of carbon dioxide captured in the CCUS system. Based on preset constraints and a low-carbon operation model for coal-fired units, the present invention reduces the carbon emissions of the P2G-P2A-CCUS combined operation system and better maintains the stability of the system operation.

[0167] Example 2

[0168] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the terminal device structure provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0169] A terminal device of this embodiment includes: a processor 301, a memory 302, and a computer program stored in the memory 302 and executable on the processor 301. When the processor 301 executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned low-carbon operation control method of each coal-fired unit in the embodiment are implemented, for example Figure 1 Alternatively, when the processor executes the computer program, the functions of the modules in the above-mentioned system embodiments are realized, for example: Figure 2 All modules of the low-carbon operation control device for coal-fired units are shown.

[0170] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the low-carbon operation control method of the coal-fired unit as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0171] Those skilled in the art will understand that the schematic diagram is merely an example of a terminal device and does not constitute a limitation on the terminal device. The terminal device may include more or fewer components than shown in the diagram, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, the terminal device may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0172] The processor 301 may be a central processing unit (CPU), other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor 301 is the control center of the terminal device, connecting various parts of the entire terminal device using various interfaces and lines.

[0173] The memory 302 can be used to store the computer programs and / or modules. The processor 301 implements various functions of the terminal device by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory and calling the data stored in the memory 302. The memory 302 can mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area can store an operating system and at least one application required for a function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.); the data storage area can store data created based on the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, a phone book, etc.). In addition, the memory can include a high-speed random access memory and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, internal memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0174] Wherein, if the module / unit integrated in the terminal device is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the process in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or system that can carry the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.

[0175] It should be noted that the system embodiment described above is merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the system embodiment provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, which can be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement the present invention without inventive work.

[0176] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon operation control method for a coal-fired unit, characterized in that: Applied to the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model, including: Obtaining operating parameters of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model; wherein the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2G system, a P2A system, and a CCUS device; the P2A system is used to receive hydrogen generated by the P2G system that cannot be used in the CCUS device; Based on preset constraints, the operating parameters are substituted into the low-carbon operation calculation formula of the coal-fired unit to obtain the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit; Solving the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit to obtain low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit; wherein the low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit include: total system operating cost, wind and solar power curtailment rate, P2G-P2A-CCUS combined operation status, system power balance status, and coal-fired unit ammonia blending ratio; Based on the low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit, the operation of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model is controlled.

2. The low-carbon operation control method for a coal-fired unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2H unit, a PSA unit, a methanation unit, a synthetic ammonia unit, a cogeneration unit, a coal-fired power generation unit, a CCUS unit, a waste heat recovery unit, an ammonia storage unit, a photovoltaic unit, and a wind turbine; The P2H device is used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and transmit nitrogen to the methanation device and the ammonia synthesis device; The PSA device is used to absorb nitrogen from the air and transmit the nitrogen to the ammonia synthesis device; The methanation device is used to generate methane from the received hydrogen and the received carbon dioxide; The ammonia synthesis device is used to react the received nitrogen with the received hydrogen to generate ammonia; The cogeneration unit is used to burn the received methane to generate electricity, generate first carbon dioxide, and transmit the first carbon dioxide to the CCUS device; The coal-fired power generation unit is used to burn coal and received ammonia to generate electricity, generate second carbon dioxide, and transmit the second carbon dioxide to the CCUS device; The CCUS device is used to collect the first carbon dioxide and the received second carbon dioxide, and transmit the collected carbon dioxide to the methanation device; The waste heat recovery device is used to collect the heat generated by the methanation device and the ammonia synthesis device; The ammonia storage device is used to store ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device; The photovoltaic device is used for photovoltaic power generation, and the wind turbine is used for wind power generation; The P2G system includes: a P2H device and a methanation device; the P2A system includes: a P2H device, a synthetic ammonia device and a PSA device.

3. The low-carbon operation control method of a coal-fired unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The operating parameters include: coal consumption of coal-fired power generation units when burning with ammonia, gas purchase volume of cogeneration units, unit operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic devices, fans, P2H devices, methanation devices, ammonia synthesis devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices, total energy consumption of photovoltaic devices, fans, P2H devices, methanation devices, ammonia synthesis devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices, carbon trading costs, unit CO2 storage costs, the quality of CO2 stored in the system, day-ahead forecast output of photovoltaic and wind power, and scheduling cycle.

4. The low-carbon operation control method of a coal-fired unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preset constraints include: ladder carbon trading mechanism constraints and multi-energy balance constraints; The constraints of the tiered carbon trading mechanism include: Where, is the carbon quota of the system at time t; e G 、e H These are the carbon quotas for electricity and heat supply units; The power and heating capacity of the cogeneration unit at time t; is the power generation capacity of the coal-fired power generation device at time t; is the CO2 produced by the system at time t; e coal 、 are the carbon emission intensities of coal and natural gas respectively; is the coal consumption of coal-fired power generation equipment during ammonia combustion at time t, is the gas purchase volume of the cogeneration unit at time t, is the volume of CH4 generated by methanogenesis at time t, is the mass of CO2 captured by the CCUS device at time t; is the carbon trading cost at time t; χ is the carbon trading base price; L is the length of the carbon emission interval; θ is the increase in the carbon trading price; δ is the compensation coefficient; is the carbon emission rights actually participating in the carbon trading market transactions at time t; The multi-energy balance constraints include: Where, is the density of NH3, is the load power at time t, is the actual absorbed power of photovoltaic output at time t, is the actual power consumption of the wind turbine at time t, is the power consumed by P2H at time t, is the electric power consumed by the ammonia synthesis unit at time t, is the electric power consumed by the PSA device at time t, is the total energy consumption of the CCUS device at time t, is the thermal power generated by the waste heat recovery device at time t, is the hydrogen usage of the methanation unit at time t, is the hydrogen usage of the ammonia synthesis unit at time t, is the volume of NH3 synthesized at time t, is the ammonia storage capacity of the ammonia storage tank at time t, is the amount of ammonia released from the ammonia storage tank at time t.

5. The low-carbon operation control method of a coal-fired unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula for low-carbon operation of coal-fired units meets the following conditions: min C=C1+C2+C3+C4+C5 Where C is the total operating cost within a scheduling cycle; C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 are fuel costs, equipment operation and maintenance costs, carbon trading costs, carbon sequestration costs, and wind and solar curtailment penalty costs, respectively. C is the coal consumption of the coal-fired power generation unit at time t when burning with ammonia; coal 、 are the unit price of coal and the unit price of natural gas respectively; is the gas purchase volume of the cogeneration unit at time t; μ PV 、μ WT 、μ P2H 、μ MR 、μ P2A 、μ CCUS 、μ WHR They are the unit operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic devices, wind turbines, P2H devices, methanation devices, synthetic ammonia devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices; are the actual absorbed power of photovoltaic devices and wind turbine output respectively; are the operating energy consumption of the P2H unit, ammonia unit, and CCUS unit at time t respectively; is the thermal power generated by the waste heat recovery device at time t; is the volume of CH4 produced by methanogenesis at time t; is the carbon transaction cost at time t, a positive value represents purchase, and a negative value represents sale; C sto is the unit storage cost of CO2; is the mass of CO2 stored in the system; k PV 、k WT Penalty costs for units that abandon solar and wind power; are the day-ahead predicted outputs of photovoltaic and wind power at time t, respectively; T is the scheduling period.

6. A low-carbon operation control device for a coal-fired unit, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, calculation module, solution module and control module; The data acquisition module is configured to acquire operating parameters of a P2G-P2A-CCUS combined operation model; wherein the P2G-P2A-CCUS combined operation model includes a P2G system, a P2A system, and a CCUS device; the P2A system is configured to receive hydrogen generated by the P2G system that cannot be used in the CCUS device; The calculation module is used to substitute the operating parameters into the low-carbon operation calculation formula of the coal-fired unit based on preset constraints to obtain a low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit; The solving module is used to solve the low-carbon operation model of the coal-fired unit to obtain the low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit; wherein the low-carbon operation results of the coal-fired unit include: total system operating cost, wind and solar power curtailment rate, P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation status, system power balance status, and coal-fired unit ammonia blending ratio; The control module is used to control the operation of the P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model based on the low-carbon operation result of the coal-fired unit.

7. The low-carbon operation control device for a coal-fired unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The P2G-P2A-CCUS joint operation model includes: a P2H unit, a PSA unit, a methanation unit, a synthetic ammonia unit, a cogeneration unit, a coal-fired power generation unit, a CCUS unit, a waste heat recovery unit, an ammonia storage unit, a photovoltaic unit, and a wind turbine; The P2H device is used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and transmit nitrogen to the methanation device and the ammonia synthesis device; The PSA device is used to absorb nitrogen from the air and transmit the nitrogen to the ammonia synthesis device; The methanation device is used to generate methane from the received hydrogen and the received carbon dioxide; The ammonia synthesis device is used to react the received nitrogen with the received hydrogen to generate ammonia; The cogeneration unit is used to burn the received methane to generate electricity, generate first carbon dioxide, and transmit the first carbon dioxide to the CCUS device; The coal-fired power generation unit is used to burn coal and received ammonia to generate electricity, generate second carbon dioxide, and transmit the second carbon dioxide to the CCUS device; The CCUS device is used to collect the first carbon dioxide and the received second carbon dioxide, and transmit the collected carbon dioxide to the methanation device; The waste heat recovery device is used to collect the heat generated by the methanation device and the ammonia synthesis device; The ammonia storage device is used to store ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device; The photovoltaic device is used for photovoltaic power generation, and the wind turbine is used for wind power generation; The P2G system includes: a P2H device and a methanation device; the P2A system includes: a P2H device, a synthetic ammonia device and a PSA device.

8. The low-carbon operation control device for a coal-fired unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The operating parameters include: coal consumption of coal-fired power generation units when burning with ammonia, gas purchase volume of cogeneration units, unit operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic devices, fans, P2H devices, methanation devices, ammonia synthesis devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices, total energy consumption of photovoltaic devices, fans, P2H devices, methanation devices, ammonia synthesis devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices, carbon trading costs, unit CO2 storage costs, the quality of CO2 stored in the system, day-ahead forecast output of photovoltaic and wind power, and scheduling cycle.

9. The low-carbon operation control device for a coal-fired unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preset constraints include: ladder carbon trading mechanism constraints and multi-energy balance constraints; The constraints of the tiered carbon trading mechanism include: Where, is the carbon quota of the system at time t; e G 、e H These are the carbon quotas for electricity and heat supply units; The power and heating capacity of the cogeneration unit at time t; is the power generation capacity of the coal-fired power generation device at time t; is the CO2 produced by the system at time t; e coal 、 are the carbon emission intensities of coal and natural gas respectively; is the coal consumption of coal-fired power generation equipment during ammonia combustion at time t, is the gas purchase volume of the cogeneration unit at time t, is the volume of CH4 generated by methanogenesis at time t, is the mass of CO2 captured by the CCUS device at time t; is the carbon trading cost at time t; χ is the carbon trading base price; L is the length of the carbon emission interval; θ is the increase in the carbon trading price; δ is the compensation coefficient; is the carbon emission rights actually participating in the carbon trading market at time t; The multi-energy balance constraints include: Where, is the density of NH3, is the load power at time t, is the actual absorbed power of photovoltaic output at time t, is the actual power consumption of the wind turbine at time t, is the power consumed by P2H at time t, is the electric power consumed by the ammonia synthesis unit at time t, is the electric power consumed by the PSA device at time t, is the total energy consumption of the CCUS device at time t, is the thermal power generated by the waste heat recovery device at time t, is the hydrogen usage of the methanation unit at time t, is the hydrogen usage of the ammonia synthesis unit at time t, is the volume of NH3 synthesized at time t, is the ammonia storage capacity of the ammonia storage tank at time t, is the amount of ammonia released from the ammonia storage tank at time t.

10. The low-carbon operation control device for a coal-fired unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The calculation formula for low-carbon operation of coal-fired units meets the following conditions: min C=C1+C2+C3+C4+C5 Where C is the total operating cost within a scheduling cycle; C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 are fuel costs, equipment operation and maintenance costs, carbon trading costs, carbon sequestration costs, and wind and solar curtailment penalty costs, respectively. C is the coal consumption of the coal-fired power generation unit at time t when burning with ammonia; coal 、 are the unit price of coal and the unit price of natural gas respectively; is the gas purchase volume of the cogeneration unit at time t; μ PV 、μ WT 、μ P2H 、μ MR 、μ P2A 、μ CCUS 、μ WHR They are the unit operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic devices, wind turbines, P2H devices, methanation devices, synthetic ammonia devices, CCUS devices, and waste heat recovery devices; are the actual absorbed power of photovoltaic devices and wind turbine output respectively; are the operating energy consumption of the P2H unit, ammonia unit, and CCUS unit at time t respectively; is the thermal power generated by the waste heat recovery device at time t; is the volume of CH4 produced by methanogenesis at time t; is the carbon transaction cost at time t, a positive value represents purchase, and a negative value represents sale; C sto is the unit storage cost of CO2; is the mass of CO2 stored in the system; k PV 、k WT Penalty costs for units that abandon solar and wind power; are the day-ahead predicted outputs of photovoltaic and wind power at time t, respectively; T is the scheduling period.

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