Free piston type Stirling heat sealing photo-thermal generator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of generators, and discloses a free piston type Stirling heat sealing photo-thermal generator which comprises a shell, a soft magnetic stator is installed in the shell, a plurality of permanent magnets are evenly and symmetrically installed on the inner side of the soft magnetic stator, a soft magnetic rotor capable of moving up and down is installed between the permanent magnets, and the soft magnetic rotor is connected with the shell. And a copper winding is wound on the soft magnetic stator. By adopting the moving iron type, the structure of the generator can be greatly simplified, and the production cost of the generator is greatly reduced; by skillfully designing magnetic circuits, the plurality of magnetic circuits simultaneously form an alternating magnetic field, so that the motor part is more compact, the weight of the motor part is reduced, and the power is improved; the gas distribution piston and the power piston of the engine part are connected to the shell through the matched piston rods respectively, and the moving tracks of the gas distribution piston and the power piston do not coincide, so that the diameters of the two pistons can be designed to be consistent or inconsistent, the design flexibility of the engine is greatly improved, and the design process and the machining process of the generator are simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of generators, and in particular to a free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator. Background Art

[0002] The Stirling generator is composed of a Stirling engine and a motor, of which the Stirling engine has the advantage of high efficiency. In the free piston Stirling generator, there is no contact between the piston and the cylinder, and the gap is sealed, which avoids the piston lateral force problem caused by the crank-connecting rod mechanism of the traditional Stirling engine, greatly prolongs the life of the generator, and enables it to be used in long-life power supply scenarios such as deep space exploration and deep sea.

[0003] The existing Stirling generator has a relatively complex structure, its structural design is subject to various size restrictions, its design flexibility is poor, and its processing technology is complicated, resulting in a high production cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A free piston Stirling thermal enclosed solar thermal generator comprises a shell, a soft magnetic stator is installed inside the shell, a plurality of permanent magnets are evenly and symmetrically installed on the inner side of the soft magnetic stator, a soft magnetic mover that can move up and down is installed between the plurality of permanent magnets, a copper winding is wound on the soft magnetic stator, and a power mechanism is also installed on the shell.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the power mechanism includes a hot-end external heater and a cold-end external radiator respectively installed on the outside of the shell, and a hot-end internal heat exchanger and a cold-end internal heat exchanger are respectively installed inside the shell corresponding to the hot-end external heater and the cold-end external radiator, and a regenerator is installed between the hot-end internal heat exchanger and the cold-end internal heat exchanger. A power piston is installed inside the shell, and a connecting shaft is installed between the power piston and the soft magnetic mover. A leaf spring is installed inside the shell, and the connecting shaft passes through the leaf spring. A gas distribution piston is also installed inside the shell, and the gas distribution piston is installed between the hot-end internal heat exchanger, the cold-end internal heat exchanger and the regenerator.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, a temperature control mechanism is installed on the outer surface of the outer shell near the hot end external heater, and the temperature control mechanism includes a cover shell fixedly installed on the outer surface of the outer shell, and the hot end external heater is installed inside the cover shell, and the outer periphery of the cover shell is respectively fixedly installed with a heat source inlet pipe and a waste heat outlet pipe connected to the interior thereof, and a rotating cover is rotatably installed inside the cover shell, and the outer surface of the rotating cover near the heat source inlet pipe and the waste heat outlet pipe is penetrated by through holes, and a temperature control component is installed inside the cover shell.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the temperature control component includes a heat-conducting head that is fixedly installed inside the cover shell, the outer surface of the heat-conducting head extending outside the cover shell is fixedly installed with a mercury tube, a sealing plug is slidably installed inside the mercury tube, a clearance groove is penetrated through the outer surface of the rotating cover close to the heat-conducting head, and a pushing assembly is installed between the sealing plug and the rotating cover.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the pushing assembly includes a guide rod fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the sealing plug, a retaining frame is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the mercury tube away from the thermal head, the guide rod passes through the outer surface of the retaining frame and is slidably mounted therewith, a push plate is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating cover close to the guide rod, a rectangular opening is penetrated through the outer surface of the cover shell for the push plate to move, and a connecting assembly is installed between the push plate and the guide rod.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the connecting assembly includes a guide column fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one end of the guide rod away from the sealing plug, the outer surface of the push plate is provided with a rectangular groove, the end of the guide rod is inserted into the rectangular groove, the inner wall of the rectangular groove is provided with a guide groove matching the guide column, and the guide column is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the guide groove.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, a return spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod, and the return spring is arranged between the sealing plug and the retaining frame.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the interior of the mercury tube is filled with mercury, and the mercury is filled between the thermal conductive head and the sealing plug.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. Traditional free piston Stirling generators generally use moving coil or moving magnet linear motors. The present invention uses a moving iron type, which can greatly simplify the structure of the generator and greatly reduce its production cost;

[0016] 2. The soft magnetic part of the present invention adopts 4, 6, 8 or more equal arms, and through the clever design of the magnetic circuit, multiple magnetic circuits simultaneously form an alternating magnetic field, making the motor part more compact, reducing its weight and increasing its power;

[0017] 3. The valve piston and power piston of the engine part of the present invention are connected to the outer casing through matching piston rods respectively, and the running trajectories of the two do not overlap, so the diameters of the two pistons can be designed to be consistent or inconsistent, which greatly improves the flexibility of engine design and simplifies the design process and processing technology of the generator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator proposed by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a shell of a free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator proposed by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a soft magnetic stator and a soft magnetic mover of a free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of magnetic flux lines when the soft magnetic mover of a free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator proposed by the present invention is at the upper part;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of magnetic flux lines when the soft magnetic mover of a free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator proposed by the present invention is at the bottom;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the casing structure of a free piston Stirling heat-enclosed solar thermal generator proposed in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating cover structure of a free piston Stirling heat-enclosed solar thermal generator proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a mercury tube of a free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator proposed in the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 for Figure 8 A magnified view of the structure in the middle.

[0028] In the figure: 1. shell; 2. external heater at hot end; 3. internal heat exchanger at hot end; 4. external radiator at cold end; 5. internal heat exchanger at cold end; 6. regenerator; 7. gas distribution piston; 8. power piston; 9. leaf spring; 10. connecting shaft; 11. soft magnetic mover; 12. soft magnetic stator; 13. permanent magnet; 14. copper winding; 15. cover; 16. heat source inlet pipe; 17. waste heat outlet pipe; 18. rotating cover; 19. through hole; 20. give way groove; 21. heat conducting head; 22. mercury tube; 23. sealing plug; 24. guide rod; 25. retaining frame; 26. reset spring; 27. guide column; 28. push plate; 29. ​​rectangular groove; 30. guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0031] Refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Fig.10 A free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator comprises a shell 1, a soft magnetic stator 12 is installed inside the shell 1, a plurality of permanent magnets 13 are evenly and symmetrically installed on the inner side of the soft magnetic stator 12, a soft magnetic mover 11 that can move up and down is installed between the plurality of permanent magnets 13, a copper winding 14 is wound on the soft magnetic stator 12, a power mechanism is also installed on the shell 1, the power mechanism comprises a hot end external heater 2 and a cold end external radiator 4 respectively installed outside the shell 1, and a hot end internal heat exchanger 3 and a cold end internal heat exchanger 5 are respectively installed inside the shell 1 corresponding to the hot end external heater 2 and the cold end external radiator 4 A regenerator 6 is installed between the internal heat exchanger 3 at the hot end and the internal heat exchanger 5 at the cold end, a power piston 8 is installed inside the outer shell 1, a connecting shaft 10 is installed between the power piston 8 and the soft magnetic mover 11, a leaf spring 9 is installed inside the outer shell 1, and the connecting shaft 10 penetrates the leaf spring 9. A gas distribution piston 7 is also installed inside the outer shell 1, and the gas distribution piston 7 is installed between the internal heat exchanger 3 at the hot end, the internal heat exchanger 5 at the cold end and the regenerator 6; a plurality of arm surfaces extend from the outer periphery of the soft magnetic mover 11, and an equal number of arm surfaces also extend from the inner side of the soft magnetic stator 12, and permanent magnets 13 (with magnetic pole directions of N and S respectively) are fixed on the arm surfaces.

[0032] When in use, heat is introduced into the interior of the Stirling generator through the hot-end external heater 2, and then the heat is transferred to the hot-end internal heat exchanger 3, and then the heat is transferred to the working gas; the working gas transfers the waste heat to the shell 1 through the cold-end internal heat exchanger 5, and then dissipates the heat to the environment through the cold-end external radiator 4; and when the gas expands due to heat, it pushes the power piston 8 to expand and do work, and the leaf spring 9 of the power piston 8 plays the role of returning to the equilibrium position and then to the compression position after expansion. At the same time, the gas distribution piston 7 also reciprocates under the action of gas pressure fluctuations. When the gas distribution piston 7 moves downward, the gas passes through the cold-end internal heat exchanger 5, the regenerator 6, and the hot-end internal heat exchanger 3 in turn, and the gas is heated to a high temperature in turn, which further promotes the expansion and work of the working gas; when the gas distribution piston 7 moves upward, the gas passes through the hot-end internal heat exchanger 3, the regenerator 6, and the cold-end internal heat exchanger 5 in turn, and the gas is cooled to a low temperature in turn, which further promotes the compression process of the working gas. The valve piston 7 drives the working gas to the cold and hot cavities, while the power piston 8 is responsible for outputting the work of the engine to the soft magnetic mover 11 of the linear motor, bringing the soft magnetic mover 11 of the linear motor to reciprocating motion to achieve power generation.

[0033] In this embodiment, a temperature control mechanism is installed on the outer surface of the shell 1 near the hot end external heater 2, and the temperature control mechanism includes a cover shell 15 fixedly installed on the outer surface of the shell 1, and the hot end external heater 2 is installed inside the cover shell 15. The outer periphery of the cover shell 15 is respectively fixedly installed with a heat source inlet pipe 16 and a waste heat outlet pipe 17 connected to the interior thereof, and a rotating cover 18 is rotatably installed inside the cover shell 15. The outer surface of the rotating cover 18 near the heat source inlet pipe 16 and the waste heat outlet pipe 17 is penetrated with through holes 19. A temperature control component is installed inside the cover shell 15, and the temperature control component includes a heat conducting head 21 that is fixedly installed inside the cover shell 15, and a mercury tube 22 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the heat conducting head 21 extending outside the cover shell 15, and a sealing plug 23 is slidably installed inside the mercury tube 22, and a clearance groove 20 is penetrated through the outer surface of the rotating cover 18 near the heat conducting head 21, and a push assembly is installed between the sealing plug 23 and the rotating cover 18. The interior of the mercury tube 22 is filled with mercury, and the mercury is filled between the heat conducting head 21 and the sealing plug 23. The pushing assembly includes a guide rod 24 fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the sealing plug 23. A retaining frame 25 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the end of the mercury tube 22 away from the heat conducting head 21. The guide rod 24 penetrates the outer surface of the retaining frame 25 and is slidably mounted therewith. A push plate 28 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating cover 18 close to the guide rod 24. A rectangular opening for the push plate 28 to move is penetrated on the outer surface of the cover shell 15. A connecting assembly is installed between the push plate 28 and the guide rod 24. The connecting assembly includes a guide column 27 fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the end of the guide rod 24 away from the sealing plug 23. A rectangular groove 29 is penetrated on the outer surface of the push plate 28. The end of the guide rod 24 is inserted into the inside of the rectangular groove 29. A guide groove 30 matching the guide column 27 is opened on the inner wall of the rectangular groove 29. The guide column 27 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the guide groove 30.

[0034] When the temperature inside the cover 15 is too high, the heat inside the cover 15 will be conducted to the heat conducting head 21, so that the heat conducting head 21 heats the mercury inside the mercury tube 22, and the mercury expands due to the heat to push the sealing plug 23, so that the sealing plug 23 drives the guide rod 24 to move. Since the guide column 27 installed at the end of the guide rod 24 is slidably installed inside the guide groove 30 opened on the push plate 28, the guide rod 24 can push the rotating cover 18 through the push plate 28 when being pushed, so that the two through holes 19 opened on the rotating cover 18 are respectively misaligned with the heat source inlet pipe 16 and the waste heat outlet pipe 17, so that the pipe opening of the heat source inlet pipe 16 is reduced and the pipe opening of the waste heat outlet pipe 17 is expanded, thereby reducing the entry of the heat source and avoiding continued heating of the external heater 2 of the hot end. At the same time, the heat inside the cover 15 can be discharged from the waste heat outlet pipe 17 faster, so as to achieve the temperature control effect of the internal temperature of the cover 15.

[0035] In this embodiment, a return spring 26 is sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod 24 , and the return spring 26 is arranged between the sealing plug 23 and the retaining frame 25 .

[0036] After the temperature inside the cover 15 drops, the mercury cools and contracts, allowing the reset spring 26 to push the sealing plug 23 to reset, and drive the rotating cover 18 to reset through the guide rod 24 and the push plate 28, thereby achieving an automatic temperature control effect on the temperature inside the cover 15, ensuring that the Stirling generator maintains the optimal operating temperature difference, thereby improving thermal efficiency.

[0037] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: when in use, heat is introduced into the interior of the Stirling generator through the hot-end external heater 2, and then the heat is transferred to the hot-end internal heat exchanger 3, and then the heat is transferred to the working gas; the working gas transfers the waste heat to the housing 1 through the cold-end internal heat exchanger 5, and then the heat is dissipated to the environment through the cold-end external radiator 4;

[0038] When the gas expands due to heat, it pushes the power piston 8 to expand and do work. The leaf spring 9 of the power piston 8 plays the role of returning to the equilibrium position and then to the compression position after expansion. At the same time, the gas distribution piston 7 also reciprocates under the action of gas pressure fluctuations. When the gas distribution piston 7 moves downward, the gas passes through the cold end internal heat exchanger 5, the regenerator 6, and the hot end internal heat exchanger 3 in turn. The gas is heated to high temperature in turn, which further promotes the expansion and work of the working gas; when the gas distribution piston 7 moves upward, the gas passes through the hot end internal heat exchanger 3, the regenerator 6, and the cold end internal heat exchanger 5 in turn. The gas is cooled to low temperature in turn, which further promotes the compression process of the working gas. The gas distribution piston 7 plays the role of driving the working gas to the cold and hot cavities, and the power piston 8 is responsible for outputting the engine's work to the soft magnetic rotor 11 of the linear motor, bringing the reciprocating motion of the soft magnetic rotor 11 of the linear motor to achieve power generation operations;

[0039] When the soft magnetic mover 11 is at the upper part, under the action of the permanent magnet 13, a plurality of magnetic flux loops are formed in the soft magnetic stator 12, and the directions thereof are as follows: Figure 5 As shown by the arrows in the figure; when the soft magnetic mover 11 is at the bottom, four magnetic flux loops are formed in the soft magnetic stator 12, and their directions are as follows: Figure 6 As shown by the arrow in . It can be seen that Figure 5 and Figure 6 The direction of the magnetic circuit in the soft magnetic stator 12 is just opposite; therefore, when the mover reciprocates, an alternating magnetic field is formed inside the soft magnetic stator 12, and then an alternating current is formed inside the copper winding 14, converting the kinetic energy of the soft magnetic mover 11 into electrical energy, thereby achieving the purpose of power generation;

[0040] When the temperature inside the cover 15 is too high, the heat inside the cover 15 will be conducted to the heat conducting head 21, so that the heat conducting head 21 heats the mercury inside the mercury tube 22, and the mercury expands due to the heat to push the sealing plug 23, so that the sealing plug 23 drives the guide rod 24 to move. Since the guide column 27 installed at the end of the guide rod 24 is slidably installed inside the guide groove 30 provided on the push plate 28, the guide rod 24 can push the rotating cover 18 through the push plate 28 when being pushed, so that the two through holes 19 provided on the rotating cover 18 are respectively misaligned with the heat source inlet pipe 16 and the waste heat outlet pipe 17, so that the pipe opening of the heat source inlet pipe 16 is reduced and the pipe opening of the waste heat outlet pipe 17 is expanded, thereby reducing the entry of the heat source and avoiding continued heating of the external heater 2 of the hot end. At the same time, the heat inside the cover 15 can be discharged from the waste heat outlet pipe 17 faster, so as to achieve the temperature control effect of the internal temperature of the cover 15, ensure that the Stirling generator maintains the optimal operating temperature difference, thereby improving the thermal efficiency.

[0041] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A soft magnetic stator (12) is installed inside the shell (1), a plurality of permanent magnets (13) are evenly and symmetrically installed on the inner side of the soft magnetic stator (12), a soft magnetic mover (11) movable up and down is installed between the plurality of permanent magnets (13), a copper winding (14) is wound around the soft magnetic stator (12), and a power mechanism is also installed on the shell (1).

2. A free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power mechanism comprises a hot-end external heater (2) and a cold-end external radiator (4) respectively mounted on the outside of the shell (1); a hot-end internal heat exchanger (3) and a cold-end internal heat exchanger (5) are respectively mounted inside the shell (1) corresponding to the hot-end external heater (2) and the cold-end external radiator (4); a heat regenerator (6) is mounted between the hot-end internal heat exchanger (3) and the cold-end internal heat exchanger (5); a power piston (8) is mounted inside the shell (1); a connecting shaft (10) is mounted between the power piston (8) and the soft magnetic mover (11); a leaf spring (9) is mounted inside the shell (1); the connecting shaft (10) penetrates the leaf spring (9); a gas distribution piston (7) is also mounted inside the shell (1); the gas distribution piston (7) is mounted between the hot-end internal heat exchanger (3), the cold-end internal heat exchanger (5) and the heat regenerator (6).

3. A free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature control mechanism is installed on the outer surface of the outer shell (1) near the hot end external heater (2), and the temperature control mechanism includes a cover shell (15) fixedly installed on the outer surface of the outer shell (1), and the hot end external heater (2) is installed inside the cover shell (15). The outer periphery of the cover shell (15) is respectively fixedly installed with a heat source inlet pipe (16) and a waste heat outlet pipe (17) connected to the inside of the cover shell (15). A rotating cover (18) is rotatably installed inside the cover shell (15), and the outer surface of the rotating cover (18) near the heat source inlet pipe (16) and the waste heat outlet pipe (17) is penetrated by a through hole (19), and a temperature control component is installed inside the cover shell (15).

4. A free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature control component comprises a heat conducting head (21) which is fixedly installed through the inside of the cover shell (15); a mercury tube (22) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the heat conducting head (21) extending out of the outside of the cover shell (15); a sealing plug (23) is slidably installed inside the mercury tube (22); a clearance groove (20) is penetrated through the outer surface of the rotating cover (18) near the heat conducting head (21); and a pushing component is installed between the sealing plug (23) and the rotating cover (18).

5. A free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pushing assembly comprises a guide rod (24) fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the sealing plug (23); a retaining frame (25) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the end of the mercury tube (22) away from the heat conducting head (21); the guide rod (24) penetrates the outer surface of the retaining frame (25) and is slidably mounted therewith; a push plate (28) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating cover (18) close to the guide rod (24); a rectangular opening is penetrated through the outer surface of the cover shell (15) for the push plate (28) to move; and a connecting assembly is installed between the push plate (28) and the guide rod (24).

6. A free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting assembly comprises a guide column (27) fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one end of the guide rod (24) away from the sealing plug (23); a rectangular groove (29) is formed through the outer surface of the push plate (28); the end of the guide rod (24) is inserted into the rectangular groove (29); the inner wall of the rectangular groove (29) is provided with a guide groove (30) matching the guide column (27); the guide column (27) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the guide groove (30).

7. A free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the guide rod (24) is sleeved with a return spring (26), and the return spring (26) is arranged between the sealing plug (23) and the retaining frame (25).

8. A free piston Stirling heat-sealed solar thermal generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The interior of the mercury tube (22) is filled with mercury, and the mercury is filled between the heat conducting head (21) and the sealing plug (23).

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