Soil loosening device for crop planting

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a crop planting soil loosening device. Comprising a frame, wheels are arranged on the frame, an air compression mechanism, an onrushing mechanism, a position coordination mechanism and a sliding mechanism are installed on the frame, and a sliding rail is arranged on the frame; the position coordination mechanism is provided with a first rotating shaft and an eccentric wheel, and the first rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the frame and connected with a wheel shaft of the wheel through a chain wheel mechanism and a bevel gear; the sliding mechanism is provided with a tackle and a pulley, the tackle is slidably connected to the sliding rail, and the pulley is slidably connected to the eccentric wheel; the advancing mechanism is provided with an air cylinder, a clamping connector, a first spring and a sleeve, the air cylinder is fixed to the sliding mechanism, the output end of the air cylinder stretches into the first spring, one end of the first spring is fixed to the sliding mechanism, the other end of the first spring is located in the sleeve, and an airflow jetting device is sleeved with the sleeve. The purpose of continuous operation is achieved, the operation vehicle does not need to be started and stopped frequently, and the continuity of soil loosening operation is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular relates to a soil loosening device for crop planting. Background Art

[0002] Crop planting requires soil loosening, otherwise the soil will become compacted, resulting in poor soil permeability and the growth of hard crops. Generally, people use tools or machines to turn the soil, break up the compacted soil and then evenly lay it. Manual soil loosening is labor-intensive and inefficient. Mechanical soil loosening usually uses machines such as tillers to loosen the soil, and these machines usually have high power. At present, there is a method of loosening the soil by air jet in the prior art, which can reduce the protection of the root system of crops, has a large loosening force and low energy consumption.

[0003] The patent with application number 201510782903.4 discloses a self-propelled no-till deep loosening operation vehicle, including a chassis that can be moved autonomously to an operation area, a plurality of loosening actuators distributed along the bottom surface of the chassis, and an air compressor for providing compressed gas to the loosening actuators; the loosening actuator includes a loosening head for inserting into the soil and a loosening actuator cylinder for driving the loosening head to reciprocate in a vertical direction, thereby transforming the traditional plane destructive tillage deep loosening into a modern three-dimensional protective no-till deep loosening, using compressed air explosion as power to achieve deep loosening of soil layers, and can be equipped with different numbers of loosening actuators according to site requirements to meet the requirements of multi-point deep loosening operations, multiple loosening actuators can loosen the soil layer by layer multiple times, enhance the looseness and aeration of the soil, and loosen the compacted soil layer by layer from bottom to top or from top to bottom, thereby making the soil fine and broken, without affecting the root growth of its plants, so that deep loosening operations of large areas of soil can be completed efficiently. The patent has the following shortcomings: the operation can only be intermittent, that is, the vehicle stops moving after moving to the operation area, inserts the loosening head into the ground for airflow explosion, then pulls out the loosening head, moves to the next position, and then stops moving. This method has poor continuity and requires frequent starting and stopping of the operation vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil loosening device for crop planting to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A crop planting loosening device comprises a frame, the frame is provided with wheels, an air compression mechanism, a thrust mechanism, a position coordination mechanism, a sliding mechanism are installed on the frame, and a slide rail is provided on the frame;

[0007] The position coordination mechanism is provided with a first rotating shaft and an eccentric wheel, the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the frame, and the first rotating shaft is connected to the wheel axle through a sprocket mechanism and a bevel gear;

[0008] The sliding mechanism is provided with a pulley truck and pulleys. The pulley truck is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the pulleys are slidably connected to the eccentric wheel.

[0009] The突进机构设有气缸、卡接头、第一弹簧、套筒,气缸固定在滑动机构上且气缸输出端探入到第一弹簧内部,第一弹簧一端固定在滑动机构上且另一端位于套筒内部,套筒内套接有气流喷射装置,气流喷射装置通过气管连接空气压缩装置。

[0010] Further, there are two bevel gears. One bevel gear is fixed on the axle of the wheel, and the other bevel gear is rotatably connected to the vehicle frame through a second rotating shaft. The two bevel gears mesh with each other, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft through a sprocket mechanism.

[0011] Further, the top end of the first rotating shaft is fixed at the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel. The rim of the eccentric wheel protrudes towards the upper and lower sides of the eccentric wheel. The pulley has four T-shaped wheels. Two of the four T-shaped wheels clamp the upper rim of the eccentric wheel, and the other two T-shaped wheels clamp the lower rim of the eccentric wheel.

[0012] Further, there are two slide rails and two pulley trucks. The two pulley trucks are respectively connected to the two slide rails. A U-shaped frame is fixedly arranged on the two pulley trucks together. A trigger rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper end of the U-shaped frame.

[0013] Further, the sleeve is fixed at the bottom of the upper end of the U-shaped frame. Strip-shaped grooves are formed on both sides of the sleeve. The cylinder is fixed on the top of the U-shaped frame. The top end of the first spring is fixed at the bottom of the upper end of the U-shaped frame. The output end of the cylinder penetrates through the U-shaped frame and then extends into the first spring and is fixed with a clamping joint. Limiting rods are fixedly arranged on both sides of the air flow injection device. The two limiting rods respectively pass through the two strip-shaped grooves. A clamping frame is fixedly arranged at the top end of the air flow injection device.

[0014] Further, the clamping joint includes a clamping box, clamping blocks, a pulling block, a pulling rod, a second spring, and a third spring. The clamping box is fixed at the output end of the cylinder. There are two clamping blocks. The two clamping blocks are arranged oppositely in the clamping box. The lower part of one end of the clamping block has an inclined surface. The end of the clamping block with the inclined surface penetrates through the clamping box. The other end of the clamping block is vertically bent downward and then inclined towards the outside of the clamping box. A plurality of circular grooves are formed on the side of the clamping block facing the inside of the clamping box. The number of the second springs corresponds to the number of the circular grooves. The second springs are located in the circular grooves of the two oppositely arranged clamping blocks. The two ends of the pulling block are vertically bent upward and then inclined towards the inside of the clamping box. The inclined part of the pulling block is clamped above the inclined part of the clamping block. The pulling rod is L-shaped. One end of the pulling rod is fixed at the bottom of the pulling block. The other end of the pulling rod vertically penetrates through the clamping box and then horizontally extends to the directly below of the trigger rod. The third spring is sleeved on the pulling rod between the pulling block and the clamping box.

[0015] It should be noted that in the original text, the description of "突进机构设有气缸、卡接头、第一弹簧、套筒,气缸固定在滑动机构上且气缸输出端探入到第一弹簧内部,第一弹簧一端固定在滑动机构上且另一端位于套筒内部,套筒内套接有气流喷射装置,气流喷射装置通过气管连接空气压缩装置。" is incomplete. I have translated it as best as possible based on the existing text. You may need to check and supplement the accurate content if necessary.Further, the clamping frame is U-shaped, with hollowed-out parts on both sides of the clamping frame. After the clamping head is inserted into the clamping frame, the two clamping blocks are respectively clamped in the hollowed-out parts on both sides of the clamping frame.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention achieves the purpose of continuous operation, does not require frequent start and stop of the operation vehicle, and has good coherence in the soil loosening operation.

[0018] 2. By means of the position coordination mechanism driven by the axle of the wheel, the rotation speed of the eccentric wheel can be adjusted synchronously according to the moving speed of the frame, so that the air flow injection device can always be relatively stationary with respect to the ground after being inserted into the soil.

[0019] 3. The air flow injection device is ejected into the ground through the突进机构 (the specific name of this mechanism needs to be determined according to the actual situation), with stronger elasticity and faster speed, and there is no need for manual insertion.

[0020] 4. The对接 between the cylinder and the air flow injection device is realized through the clamping head and the clamping frame, and the separation of the clamping head and the air flow injection device is realized by the trigger rod touching the pulling rod. The whole process is automatic and does not require manual operation.

[0021] 5. By setting different strokes of the cylinder, the air flow injection device can be pulled back to different heights, so that the degree of compression of the first spring is different, and thus the ejection force is also different. In this way, the depth of the air flow injection device inserted into the ground can be adjusted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom surface of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic connection structural diagram of the position coordination mechanism, the sliding mechanism, and the突进机构 (the specific name of this mechanism needs to be determined according to the actual situation) of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic internal structural diagram of the sleeve of the突进机构 (the specific name of this mechanism needs to be determined according to the actual situation) of the present invention after being sectioned.

[0026] Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic structural diagram at position A in 5 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic internal structural diagram of the clamping box of the clamping head of the present invention after being sectioned.

[0028] Among them: 1. frame; 2. wheel; 3. air compression mechanism; 4. advance mechanism; 5. position coordination mechanism; 6. sliding mechanism; 7. slide rail; 8. first rotating shaft; 9. eccentric wheel; 10. sprocket mechanism; 11. bevel gear; 12. pulley; 13. pulley; 14. cylinder; 15. clamping joint; 16. first spring; 17. sleeve; 18. air flow injection device; 19. air pipe; 20. second rotating shaft; 21. shaped frame; 22. trigger rod; 23. strip groove; 24. round groove; 25. limit rod; 26. clamping frame; 27. clamping box; 28. clamping block; 29. ​​pulling block; 30. pulling rod; 31. second spring; 32. third spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a crop planting loosening device comprises a frame 1, the frame 1 is provided with wheels 2, an air compression mechanism 3, a thrust mechanism 4, a position coordination mechanism 5, a sliding mechanism 6 are installed on the frame 1, and a slide rail 7 is provided on the frame 1;

[0031] The position coordination mechanism 5 is provided with a first rotating shaft 8 and an eccentric wheel 9. The first rotating shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the frame 1. The first rotating shaft 8 is connected to the axle of the wheel 2 through a sprocket mechanism 10 and a bevel gear 11.

[0032] The sliding mechanism 6 is provided with a pulley 12 and a pulley 13, the pulley 12 is slidably connected to the slide rail 7, and the pulley 13 is slidably connected to the eccentric wheel 9;

[0033] The thrust mechanism 4 is provided with a cylinder 14, a clamping joint 15, a first spring 16, and a sleeve 17. The cylinder 14 is fixed on the sliding mechanism 6 and the output end of the cylinder 14 extends into the first spring 16. One end of the first spring 16 is fixed on the sliding mechanism 6 and the other end is located inside the sleeve 17. An airflow injection device 18 is sleeved in the sleeve 17, and the airflow injection device 18 is connected to the air compression device through an air pipe 19.

[0034] There are two bevel gears 11, one of which is fixed on the axle of the wheel 2, and the other bevel gear 11 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 via the second rotating shaft 20. The two bevel gears 11 are meshed with each other, and the second rotating shaft 20 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 8 via the sprocket mechanism 10. In this way, the operation of the position coordination mechanism 5 can be driven by the axle of the wheel 2.

[0035] The top end of the first rotating shaft 8 is fixed at the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel 9. The rim of the eccentric wheel 9 protrudes towards the upper and lower sides of the eccentric wheel 9. The pulley 13 has four T-shaped wheels. Two of the four T-shaped wheels clamp the upper rim of the eccentric wheel 9, and the other two T-shaped wheels clamp the lower rim of the eccentric wheel 9, so that the pulley 13 can reliably catch the eccentric wheel 9.

[0036] There are two slide rails 7 and two sliding carts 12. The two sliding carts 12 are respectively connected to the two slide rails 7. A U-shaped frame 21 is fixedly arranged on the two sliding carts 12 together, and a trigger rod 22 is fixed at the bottom of the upper end of the U-shaped frame 21.

[0037] The sleeve 17 is fixed at the bottom of the upper end of the U-shaped frame 21. Strip-shaped grooves 23 are formed on both sides of the sleeve 17. The air cylinder 14 is fixed on the top of the U-shaped frame 21. The top end of the first spring 16 is fixed at the bottom of the upper end of the U-shaped frame 21. The output end of the air cylinder 14 penetrates through the U-shaped frame 21 and then extends into the first spring 16 and is fixed with a clamping head 15. Two limiting rods 25 are fixed on both sides of the air flow injection device 18. The two limiting rods 25 respectively pass through the two strip-shaped grooves 23. A clamping frame 26 is fixed at the top end of the air flow injection device 18.

[0038] The clamping head 15 includes a clamping box 27, a clamping block 28, a pulling block 29, a pulling rod 30, a second spring 13, and a third spring 32. The clamping box 27 is fixed at the output end of the air cylinder 14. There are two clamping blocks 28. The two clamping blocks 28 are arranged oppositely in the clamping box 27. The lower part of one end of the clamping block 28 has an inclined surface. The end of the clamping block 28 with the inclined surface penetrates through the clamping box 27. The other end of the clamping block 28 is bent vertically downward and then inclined towards the outside of the clamping box 27. A plurality of circular grooves 24 are formed on the side of the clamping block 28 facing the inside of the clamping box 27. The number of the second springs 13 corresponds to the number of the circular grooves 24. The second springs 13 are located in the circular grooves 24 of the two oppositely arranged clamping blocks 28. The two ends of the pulling block 29 are bent vertically upward and then inclined towards the inside of the clamping box 27. The inclined part of the pulling block 29 is clamped above the inclined part of the clamping block 28. The pulling rod 30 is in an L shape. One end of the pulling rod 30 is fixed at the bottom of the pulling block 29. The other end of the pulling rod 30 vertically penetrates through the clamping box 27 and then horizontally extends to the lower side of the trigger rod 22. The third spring 32 is sleeved on the pulling rod 30 between the pulling block 29 and the clamping box 27.

[0039] The clamping frame 26 is in a U shape. There are openings on both sides of the clamping frame 26. After the clamping head 15 is inserted into the clamping frame 26, the two clamping blocks 28 are respectively clamped in the openings on both sides of the clamping frame 26.

[0040] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0041] When in use, the frame 1 is towed by an agricultural vehicle, and the front wheel 2 is lifted by the lifting function of the agricultural vehicle during transportation, and the front wheel 2 is placed on the ground after arriving at the work site. When the wheel axle of the wheel 2 at the front end of the frame 1 rotates, power is transmitted to the first rotating shaft 8 through the bevel gear 11 and the sprocket mechanism 10, and the rotation of the first rotating shaft 8 drives the eccentric wheel 9 to rotate, and the sliding mechanism 6 realizes reciprocating motion through the connection between the eccentric wheel 9 and the pulley 13.

[0042] The working principle of the thrust mechanism 4 is that the clamping joint 15 is clamped in the hollow of the clamping frame 26, the cylinder 14 begins to shrink, driving the airflow injection device 18 to move upward, the first spring 16 is compressed, and when the trigger rod 22 touches the pulling rod 30 and stops the pulling rod 30 from moving, the clamping joint 15 continues to move, so that the third spring 32 is compressed, and at the same time, the inclined portion of the clamping block 28 and the inclined portion of the pulling block 29 move relative to each other, so that the two clamping blocks 28 move toward the inside of the clamping box 27, the second spring 13 is compressed, and when the two clamping blocks 28 are retracted into the clamping box 27, the two clamping blocks 28 cannot clamp the clamping frame 26, the first spring 16 ejects the airflow injection device 18 downward, and the working end of the airflow injection device 18 is inserted below the ground, and the air compression mechanism 3 starts to work, injecting compressed air into the soil to loosen the soil. After the first spring 16 ejects the airflow injection device 18, the second spring 13 and the third spring 32 are restored, and the clamping block 28 and the pulling block 29 are reset. The cylinder 14 begins to extend, and when the clamping block 28 touches the clamping frame 26, its inclined portion is squeezed into the clamping box 27 by the clamping frame 26. When the hollow position is reached, the clamping block 28 is reset and extended, thereby being clamped in the hollow of the clamping frame 26. The cylinder 14 retracts and pulls the air flow injection device 18 out of the soil. The soil loosening work is repeated in this way.

[0043] When the first spring 16 ejects the air jet device 18, the distance between the sliding mechanism 6 and the first rotating shaft 8 is the shortest, that is, the eccentric wheel 9 is engaged with the pulley 13 at the shortest distance from the first rotating shaft 8. When the eccentric wheel 9 is engaged with the wheel changer at the longest distance from the first rotating shaft 8, the cylinder 14 has pulled the air jet device 18 out of the soil. At this time, the eccentric wheel 9 continues to rotate, and the first rotating shaft 8 drives the sliding mechanism 6 to move toward the front end of the frame. When the sliding mechanism 6 reaches the position closest to the first rotating shaft 8, the thrust mechanism 4 ejects the air jet device 18 again, and this is repeated.

[0044] The speed of the frame movement is proportional to the rotation of the eccentric wheel 9, and the distance the frame moves per unit time is proportional to the angle of rotation of the eccentric wheel 9. When manufacturing the eccentric wheel 9, the design is carried out according to this principle, so that the distance the frame moves per unit time is the same as the distance the eccentric wheel 9 drives the sliding mechanism 6 to move, so that the airflow injection device 18 can be relatively stationary with the ground. After the airflow injection device 18 is ejected, if the frame is used as a reference, the ground and the airflow injection device 18 move relative to the rear side of the frame. In this process, the airflow injection is completed, the airflow injection device 18 is pulled out, and then the airflow injection device 18 is moved relative to the frame toward its front end, thereby forming an action cycle.

[0045] The above-described embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made by ordinary persons in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known techniques.

Claims

1. A soil loosening device for crop planting, comprising a frame, wherein the frame is provided with wheels, characterized in that: An air compression mechanism, a突进 mechanism, a position coordination mechanism, and a sliding mechanism are installed on the vehicle frame, and a slide rail is provided on the vehicle frame; The position coordination mechanism is provided with a first rotating shaft and an eccentric wheel. The first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the vehicle frame, and the first rotating shaft is connected to the wheel axle of the wheel through a sprocket mechanism and bevel gears; The sliding mechanism is provided with a sliding carriage and pulleys. The sliding carriage is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the pulleys are slidably connected to the eccentric wheel; The突进 mechanism is provided with a cylinder, a clamping joint, a first spring, and a sleeve. The cylinder is fixed on the sliding mechanism and the output end of the cylinder extends into the interior of the first spring. One end of the first spring is fixed on the sliding mechanism and the other end is located inside the sleeve. An air jet device is sleeved inside the sleeve, and the air jet device is connected to the air compression device through a trachea.

2. The crop planting soil loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two bevel gears. One bevel gear is fixed on the wheel axle of the wheel, and the other bevel gear is rotatably connected to the vehicle frame through a second rotating shaft. The two bevel gears mesh with each other, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft through a sprocket mechanism.

3. The crop planting soil loosening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the first rotating shaft is fixed at the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel. The rim of the eccentric wheel protrudes towards the upper and lower sides of the eccentric wheel. The pulley has four T-shaped wheels. Two of the four T-shaped wheels clamp the upper rim of the eccentric wheel, and the other two T-shaped wheels clamp the lower rim of the eccentric wheel.

4. The crop planting soil loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two slide rails and two sliding carriages. The two sliding carriages are respectively connected to the two slide rails, and a U-shaped frame is fixedly arranged on the two sliding carriages together. A trigger rod is fixed at the bottom of the upper end of the U-shaped frame.

5. The crop planting soil loosening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sleeve is fixed at the bottom of the upper end of the U-shaped frame. Strip-shaped grooves are formed on both sides of the sleeve. The cylinder is fixed on the top of the U-shaped frame. The top end of the first spring is fixed at the bottom of the upper end of the U-shaped frame. The output end of the cylinder penetrates through the U-shaped frame and then extends into the first spring and is fixed with a clamping joint. Two limiting rods are fixed on both sides of the air jet device, and the two limiting rods respectively pass through the two strip-shaped grooves. A clamping frame is fixed at the top end of the air jet device.

6. The crop planting soil loosening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping joint includes a clamping box, clamping blocks, a pulling block, a pulling rod, a second spring, and a third spring. The clamping box is fixed at the output end of the cylinder. There are two clamping blocks. The two clamping blocks are located inside the clamping box and are arranged oppositely. The lower part of one end of the clamping block has an inclined surface. The end of the clamping block with the inclined surface penetrates through the clamping box. The other end of the clamping block is vertically bent downward and then inclined towards the outside of the clamping box. A plurality of circular grooves are formed on the side of the clamping block facing the inside of the clamping box. The number of the second springs corresponds to the number of the circular grooves. The second springs are located in the circular grooves of the two oppositely arranged clamping blocks. The two ends of the pulling block are vertically bent upward and then inclined towards the inside of the clamping box. The inclined part of the pulling block is clamped above the inclined part of the clamping block. The pulling rod is L-shaped. One end of the pulling rod is fixed at the bottom of the pulling block, and the other end of the pulling rod vertically penetrates through the clamping box and then horizontally extends to the directly below of the trigger rod. The third spring is sleeved on the pulling rod between the pulling block and the clamping box.

7. The crop planting soil loosening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping frame is U-shaped, and there are voids on both sides of the clamping frame. After the clamping joint is inserted into the clamping frame, the two clamping blocks are respectively clamped in the voids on both sides of the clamping frame.

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