A combined collector and its application in potassium feldspar reverse flotation desilication

Abstract

The application discloses a combined collector and application thereof in potassium feldspar reverse flotation desilication, and belongs to the technical field of mineral processing engineering. The combined collector is composed of sodium oleate and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride. When the total dosage of the medicament is 1*10 ‑4 mol / L to 6*10 ‑4 mol / L, pH is 10.0, and the molar ratio of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride to sodium oleate in the combined collector is 1:3 to 1:2, the high-efficiency reverse flotation separation of potassium feldspar and quartz can be realized. The combined collector has the advantages of strong collecting capacity, low production cost, small medicament dosage, good selectivity, environmental protection and safety, and can balance the separation effect and economic benefits. The combined collector of sodium oleate and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride is used for the flotation separation of potassium feldspar and quartz.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mineral processing engineering technology, specifically relating to a combined collector and its application in potassium feldspar reverse flotation desilication. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's national economy and the advancement of modern agricultural technology, the demand for fertilizers has surged. Potash fertilizer is one of the main fertilizers required for crop growth, but my country relies heavily on imports for a large portion of its potash fertilizer, which seriously affects the development of my country's agriculture. my country's water-soluble potassium resources account for only 2.2% of global reserves, indicating a severe shortage. Compared to water-soluble potassium resources, potassium feldspar is a non-water-soluble potassium mineral resource with large reserves, easy recovery, and high quality, and has become an important raw material source for potash fertilizer production. However, natural potassium feldspar ore contains a large amount of siliceous gangue minerals (such as quartz), resulting in low potassium content, which is insufficient to meet the raw material requirements for commercial potash fertilizer production. Therefore, efficient sorting and upgrading of potassium feldspar ore is of great significance for the sustainable development of the potash fertilizer industry.

[0003] Quartz is a typical silicate gangue mineral, often associated with potassium feldspar. Due to the similar physicochemical properties of quartz and potassium feldspar, such as similar density, and the fact that neither mineral is magnetic, gravity separation and magnetic separation methods cannot achieve their separation. Flotation remains an effective method for separating potassium feldspar. Currently, the collectors used for potassium feldspar separation are mainly cationic amine collectors such as alkylamines and quaternary ammonium salts. However, these collectors have poor selectivity, require large quantities of reagents, and are difficult to use effectively for potassium feldspar separation. Furthermore, flotation separation of potassium feldspar using a single amine collector usually requires strongly acidic conditions, leading to severe corrosion of industrial equipment and high maintenance costs. It also generates large amounts of acidic wastewater, polluting the environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new, highly efficient collectors to enhance the flotation separation of potassium feldspar and quartz. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first objective of this invention is to provide a combined collector that enables efficient flotation separation of potassium feldspar and quartz.

[0005] The second objective of this invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned combined collector in potassium feldspar reverse flotation desilication, specifically the use of anionic sodium oleate and cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride in mineral flotation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a combined collector, which is composed of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride and sodium oleate in a molar ratio of 1:3 to 1:2.

[0008] Preferably, the combined collector is composed of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride and sodium oleate in a molar ratio of 1:2.

[0009] Preferably, the total amount of the combined collector is 1×10⁻⁶. -4 mol / L~6×10 -4 mol / L.

[0010] The combined collectors provided by this invention can complement each other based on their unique properties, thereby producing a synergistic effect and becoming a good collector with excellent collecting ability and high selectivity, providing reagent options for improving potassium feldspar reverse flotation desilication.

[0011] A second aspect of this invention provides the application of the above-mentioned combined collector in potassium feldspar reverse flotation desilication, specifically including the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Grinding

[0013] Potassium feldspar ore or potassium feldspar and quartz mineral samples are ground and then screened to obtain mineral samples with a particle size of less than 150 mesh.

[0014] Step 2: Prepare the paste

[0015] The mineral sample is mixed with water, added to the flotation equipment, and stirred evenly to obtain a slurry with a mass concentration of 5-30%.

[0016] Step 3: Flotation

[0017] At room temperature, add a pH adjuster to the slurry to adjust the pH to 2-12, stir well, and you will get a slurry with a pH of 2-12.

[0018] First, add sodium oleate, the collector, to the slurry with a pH of 2-12, and stir until homogeneous;

[0019] Next, add the collector hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride to the slurry and stir until homogeneous; then perform flotation separation.

[0020] Preferably, in step 2, the flotation equipment is a stirred flotation machine with a rotation speed of 1500-2100 r / min.

[0021] Preferably, in step 3, the pH adjuster is a 0.01-0.1 mol / L nitric acid solution or a 0.01-0.1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.

[0022] Preferably, in step 3, the stirring rate is 1500-2100 r / min and the stirring time is 2-3 min.

[0023] Preferably, in step 3, the pH value is 10.0.

[0024] Preferably, in step 3, the flotation separation step uses a reverse flotation device with a rotation speed of 1500-2100 r / min and a flotation time of 3-5 min.

[0025] Preferably, in step 3, the total amount of the collector is 1×10⁻⁶. -4 mol / L~6×10 -4 mol / L.

[0026] This invention relates to a combined collector and its application in potassium feldspar reverse flotation desilication. Through reverse flotation, potassium feldspar concentrate with a potassium feldspar recovery rate of greater than 87% and a K2O grade of higher than 11% can be obtained.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. This invention develops a method for separating potassium feldspar and quartz using a combination collector of sodium oleate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride. Sodium oleate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride are added sequentially during the flotation process. Since sodium oleate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride are anionic and cationic collectors, respectively, they have different ionic properties in solution. The anionic sodium oleate and cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride are electrically complementary and synergistic in the solution system, exhibiting a charge compensation effect between collectors with opposite charges, facilitating molecular association. This combination collector can selectively co-adsorb onto the quartz surface, efficiently collecting quartz minerals, and achieving efficient removal of quartz from potassium feldspar through reverse flotation.

[0029] 2. The present invention relates to the use of sodium oleate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride in combination to form anionic and cationic combined collectors, which realizes the efficient separation of potassium feldspar and quartz. Potassium feldspar concentrate with potassium feldspar recovery rate greater than 87% and K2O grade higher than 11% can be obtained by reverse flotation.

[0030] 3. The sodium oleate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride combined collector of the present invention is miscible with water, non-toxic and non-polluting, has good chemical stability, and has advantages such as strong collecting ability, low production cost, low reagent dosage, good selectivity, and environmental safety. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of a combined collector for separating quartz and feldspar according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] The reagents used in the following examples were prepared as follows: hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride solid and deionized water to a concentration of 0.01–0.05 mol / L; sodium oleate solid and deionized water to a concentration of 0.01–0.05 mol / L. The pH adjusters used, including nitric acid and sodium hydroxide, were prepared as solutions with a concentration of 0.01–0.1 mol / L.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The application of a combined collector in potassium feldspar reverse flotation desilication, the process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0036] Step 1: Grinding

[0037] Quartz and potassium feldspar ore samples were ground and screened to obtain quartz and potassium feldspar ore samples with a particle size of 400-150 mesh.

[0038] Step 2: Prepare the paste

[0039] A mixture of quartz and potassium feldspar (mass ratio 1:1) and water was added to a flotation device and stirred at 1500 r / min for 1 min to obtain a flotation slurry with a solid concentration of 50 g / L.

[0040] Step 3: Flotation

[0041] At room temperature, sodium hydroxide solution was added to the slurry to adjust the pH of the slurry to 11.0, and the mixture was stirred at 1500 r / min for 1 min to obtain a slurry with a pH of 11.0.

[0042] Sodium oleate was added as a collector to the slurry with pH = 11.0, and the mixture was stirred at 1500 rpm for 2 min. Then, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride was added as a collector to the slurry, and the mixture was stirred at 1500 rpm for 2 min. The molar ratio of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride to sodium oleate in the combined collector was 1:2, and the total amount of reagents used was 1 × 10⁻⁶. -4 mol / L. Then flotation separation was performed, with frothing every 10 seconds for 6 minutes. After flotation, the products in the tank, i.e., the concentrate and the froth product, i.e., the tailings, were dried, weighed, and samples were taken to test the K2O grade and calculate the recovery rate. The potassium feldspar recovery rate in the concentrate was 96.93%, and the K2O grade was 6.59%.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Steps 1-2 are the same as steps 1-2 in Example 1.

[0045] Step 3: Flotation

[0046] At room temperature, sodium hydroxide solution was added to the slurry to adjust the pH of the slurry to 10.0, and the mixture was stirred at 1500 r / min for 1 min to obtain a slurry with a pH of 10.0.

[0047] Sodium oleate collector was added to the slurry with pH = 10.0 and mixed at 1500 rpm for 2 min. Then, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride collector was added to the slurry and mixed at 1500 rpm for 2 min. The molar ratio of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride to sodium oleate in the combined collector was 1:2, and the total amount of reagents used was 5 × 10⁻⁶. -4 mol / L. Then flotation separation was performed, with frothing every 10 seconds for 3 minutes. After flotation, the products in the tank, i.e., the concentrate and the froth products, i.e., the tailings, were dried, weighed, and samples were taken to test the K2O grade and calculate the recovery rate. The potassium feldspar recovery rate in the concentrate was 87.79%, and the K2O grade was 11.66%.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Steps 1 and 2 are the same as steps 1 and 2 in Example 1.

[0050] Step 3: Flotation

[0051] At room temperature, 0.01 mol / L nitric acid solution was added to the slurry to adjust the pH of the slurry to 6.5, and the mixture was stirred at 1500 r / min for 1 min to obtain a slurry with a pH of 6.5.

[0052] Sodium oleate was added as a collector to the slurry with pH = 6.5, and the mixture was stirred at 1500 rpm for 2 min. Then, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride was added as a collector to the slurry, and the mixture was stirred at 1500 rpm for 2 min. The molar ratio of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride to sodium oleate in the combined collector was 1:3, and the total amount of reagents used was 5 × 10⁻⁶. -4 mol / L. Then flotation separation was performed, with frothing every 10 seconds for 3 minutes. After flotation, the products in the tank, i.e., the concentrate and the froth products, i.e., the tailings, were dried, weighed, and samples were taken to test the K2O grade and calculate the recovery rate. The potassium feldspar recovery rate in the concentrate was 97.94%, and the K2O grade was 6.55%.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] Steps 1 and 2 are the same as steps 1 and 2 in Example 1.

[0055] Step 3: Flotation

[0056] At room temperature, 0.05 mol / L nitric acid solution was added to the slurry to adjust the pH of the slurry to 4.0, and the mixture was stirred at 1500 r / min for 1 min to obtain a slurry with a pH of 4.0.

[0057] Sodium oleate was added as a collector to the slurry with pH = 4.0, and the mixture was stirred at 1500 rpm for 2 min. Then, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride was added as a collector to the slurry, and the mixture was stirred at 1500 rpm for 2 min. The molar ratio of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride to sodium oleate in the combined collector was 1:2, and the total amount of reagents used was 3 × 10⁻⁶. -4 mol / L. Then flotation separation was performed, with frothing every 10 seconds for 3 minutes. After flotation, the products in the tank, i.e., the concentrate and the froth products, i.e., the tailings, were dried, weighed, and samples were taken to test the K2O grade and calculate the recovery rate. The potassium feldspar recovery rate in the concentrate was 92.03%, and the K2O grade was 6.64%.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] The only difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 is that only sodium oleate, a collector, was added.

[0060] The slurry was floated using the method of Comparative Example 1, and the potassium feldspar recovery rate in the flotation concentrate was 95.37%, while the K2O grade was only 6.56%.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] The only difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 is that only the collector hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride was added.

[0063] The slurry was floated according to the method of Comparative Example 2, and the K2O grade in the flotation concentrate was 10.38%, while the potassium feldspar recovery rate was only 36.47%.

[0064] Compared to using sodium oleate or hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride alone as collectors, the combined use of sodium oleate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride as collectors can achieve higher lepidolite recovery (greater than 87%) and higher K2O grade (greater than 11%) in flotation potassium feldspar concentrate.

[0065] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of a combined collector in potassium feldspar reverse flotation desilication, characterized in that, The combined collector is composed of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride and sodium oleate in a molar ratio of 1:3 to 1:2; the total dosage of the combined collector is 1×10⁻⁶. - 4 mol / L~6×10 -4 mol / L; Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 1: Grinding: Grind the raw potassium feldspar ore or potassium feldspar and quartz mineral samples, and then sieve them to obtain mineral samples with a particle size of less than 150 mesh. Step 2: Slurry preparation: Mix the mineral sample with water, add it to the flotation equipment, and stir evenly to obtain a slurry with a mass concentration of 5-30%; Step 3: Flotation: At room temperature, add a pH adjuster to adjust the pH of the slurry to 10, stir evenly to obtain a slurry with a pH of 10; first add sodium oleate collector to the slurry with a pH of 10, stir evenly; then add hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride collector to the slurry, stir evenly; then perform flotation separation.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combined collector is composed of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride and sodium oleate in a molar ratio of 1:

2.

3. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the flotation equipment is a stirred flotation machine with a rotation speed of 1500-2100 r / min.

4. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the pH adjuster is a 0.01-0.1 mol / L nitric acid solution or a 0.01-0.1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.

5. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the stirring rate is 1500-2100 r / min and the stirring time is 2-3 min.

6. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the flotation separation step uses a reverse flotation device with a rotation speed of 1500-2100 r / min and a flotation time of 3-5 min.

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