A fully automatic ring shaping machine and shaping method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal parts shaping, and in particular to a fully automatic ring shaping machine and shaping method. Aiming at the problem that the shaping accuracy is insufficient and the shaping operation cannot be automatically completed in the prior art, the following scheme is proposed: a fully automatic ring shaping machine comprises a workbench, a U-shaped frame is provided on the top of the workbench, a fixed ring is provided below the U-shaped frame, a first magnet ring is fixedly embedded at the bottom of the fixed ring for magnetically attracting the top of the ring forging, and the fixed ring and the first magnet ring are both located above the workbench. In the present invention, the ring forging is placed on a driving ring, and the inner diameter of the ring forging at different heights can be automatically scanned when the ring forging rotates. After the scanning is completed, the second oil cylinder and the first oil cylinder cooperate to reciprocate and push different positions of the ring forging to complete the shaping operation. Not only can the shaping operation be automatically performed, but also the shaping accuracy can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal piece shaping, and in particular to a full-automatic ring piece shaping machine and a shaping method. Background Art

[0002] Ring forgings are widely used in many fields, including wind power, oil refining, cement rotary kiln tyres, State Grid UHV high-diameter flanges and nuclear power. However, the deformation of ring parts after ring rolling, heat treatment, rough machining and fine machining has always been a difficulty in the manufacturing process of such products, especially for the high-precision shaping of large-diameter and thick rings. The industry has long lacked effective equipment and methods.

[0003] For example, the utility model with announcement number CN217223344U discloses a polygonal ring shaping device, but in practical application, this technical solution still has the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. This technical solution uses a cylinder and a ram to push the inner wall of the ring forging to complete the shaping operation. However, during the shaping process, it is impossible to accurately judge the accuracy of the shaping, which often leads to the subsequent ring forging failing to meet the expected target requirements;

[0005] 2. During the process of jacking and shaping, the annular forging needs to be manually driven to rotate to cooperate with the jack, which makes the automation level of the whole process low and affects the production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing shaping accuracy being insufficient and the shaping operation being unable to be completed automatically, and to propose a fully automatic ring shaping machine and shaping method.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A fully automatic ring shaping machine comprises a workbench, a U-shaped frame is arranged on the top of the workbench, a fixed ring is arranged below the U-shaped frame, a first magnet ring is fixedly embedded at the bottom of the fixed ring for magnetically attracting the top of the ring forging, and the fixed ring and the first magnet ring are both located above the workbench;

[0009] It also includes an annular groove arranged on the top of the workbench, a driving ring is rotatably connected in the annular groove, a second magnet ring is fixedly embedded on the top of the driving ring, and is used to magnetically attract the bottom of the annular forging, and the driving ring, the second magnet ring, the fixed ring and the first magnet ring cooperate to clamp and position the annular forging;

[0010] It also includes a lifting groove, which is arranged in the workbench, a lifting rod is slidably connected in the lifting groove, and a laser rangefinder is fixed on the top of the lifting rod for measuring the inner diameter of the annular forging;

[0011] A shaping structure is arranged on the top of the workbench and is used for positioning the annular forging placed on the driving ring and shaping the annular forging;

[0012] The moving structure is arranged on the top of the workbench, and drives the annular forging to move into the shaping structure through the cooperation of the U-shaped frame, the fixing ring and the first magnet ring, so as to facilitate the subsequent shaping operation;

[0013] The measuring structure is arranged in the workbench and is used for enabling the laser rangefinder to measure the inner diameter of the ring forging at different heights.

[0014] In a possible design, the moving structure includes two driving grooves arranged on both sides of the top of the workbench, wherein a guide rod is fixed in one of the driving grooves, and a lead screw is rotatably connected in the other driving groove, and the two bottom ends of the U-shaped frame extend into the two driving grooves respectively, one of the bottom ends of the U-shaped frame is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the other bottom end is threadedly connected to the lead screw for driving the U-shaped frame to move, a cylinder is fixedly passed through the U-shaped frame, a cross plate is fixed on the output shaft of the cylinder, a fixed ring is slidably arranged at the bottom of the cross plate, and the cylinder drives the annular forging to rise and fall through the cross plate and the first magnet ring; the lead screw is driven to rotate by the motor, and the lead screw drives the U-shaped frame and the fixed ring to move to the top of the annular forging, the cylinder pushes the fixed ring to move downward and is located at the top of the annular forging, the first magnet ring is energized, and a magnetic attraction force is generated on the annular forging, the cylinder pulls the annular forging upward, and places the annular forging on the top of the second magnet ring and the driving ring through the movement of the U-shaped frame, and the second magnet ring magnetically attracts the annular forging, at which time the fixed ring and the driving ring preliminarily clamp and fix the annular forging.

[0015] In a possible design, the shaping structure includes a plurality of second oil cylinders and a first oil cylinder fixed on the top of the workbench, the plurality of second oil cylinders and the first oil cylinders are arranged in an annular shape with equal spacing, the output shafts of the plurality of second oil cylinders are fixed with second push blocks, the plurality of second push blocks are rotatably connected with a first guide wheel group, the first guide wheel group is used to abut against the inner wall of the annular forging, the output shafts of the plurality of first oil cylinders are fixed with first push blocks, the plurality of first push blocks are rotatably connected with two second guide wheel groups, the second guide wheel group is used to abut against the outer wall of the annular forging, the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel group are used to position and shape the annular forging; the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder are respectively The first roller and the second roller are driven to contact the outer wall and the inner wall of the annular forging, so as to locate the position of the annular forging. After the inner diameter of the annular forging is measured, the second oil cylinder and the first oil cylinder are controlled to extend and contract, so as to control the pressing force and distance of the second roller and the first roller on the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular forging. After the pushing shaping, the driving ring drives the annular forging to rotate, so as to move the part of the annular forging to be shaped to the corresponding position for shaping. After the shaping is completed, the inner wall of the annular forging is scanned again by the laser rangefinder, and the shaping effect is performed again. In this way, the reciprocating shaping is performed multiple times, so that the annular forging can be accurately shaped.

[0016] In a possible design, the measuring structure includes a driving motor fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the annular groove, the output shaft of the driving motor is fixed with a first gear, the bottom of the driving ring is fixed with a gear ring, and the gear ring is meshed with the first gear, the driving motor drives the annular forging to rotate through the gear ring and the first gear, an arc-shaped protrusion is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the gear ring, a connecting groove is provided in the workbench, the two ends of the connecting groove are respectively connected with the annular groove and the lifting groove, a moving bar that contacts and cooperates with the arc-shaped protrusion is slidably connected in the connecting groove, a fixing plate is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the connecting groove, a second spring is fixed on the side of the fixing plate away from the lifting groove, and the other end of the second spring is fixed on one side of the moving bar, the second spring is used to drive the moving bar to move outward and reset, a second rack is fixed on the top of one side of the moving bar, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the connecting groove, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is sleeved with a one-way bearing, the inner ring of the one-way bearing is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, The outer ring is fixed with a second gear meshing with the second rack, and the cooperation of the second rack, the one-way bearing and the second gear drives the rotating shaft to rotate unidirectionally. A transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A first rack meshing with the transmission gear is provided on one side of the lifting rod. The rotating shaft drives the transmission gear to rotate unidirectionally to drive the lifting rod and the laser rangefinder to move upward intermittently; the driving motor drives the driving ring to rotate through the cooperation of the first gear and the gear ring. When the driving ring rotates one circle, the arc-shaped protrusion pushes the moving bar to move toward the middle, and the moving bar drives the second gear to rotate through the second rack. The second gear drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the one-way bearing. The rotating shaft drives the transmission gear to rotate. The transmission gear cooperates with the first rack to drive the lifting rod and the laser rangefinder to move up a certain distance. Therefore, every time the annular forging rotates one circle, the laser rangefinder can scan the inner diameter of the annular forging at the corresponding height, which is convenient for the first cylinder and the second cylinder to shape the annular forging in the later stage.

[0017] In a possible design, a sliding groove is provided on a side of the lifting rod close to the moving bar, and one side of the first rack slides and extends into the sliding groove. A plurality of first springs located in the sliding groove are fixed on one side of the first rack, and one end of each of the plurality of first springs is fixedly connected to an inner wall of one side of the sliding groove. The first spring is used to make the first rack mesh with the transmission gear. A plurality of electromagnets are fixed to an inner wall of a side of the sliding groove away from the first rack, and an iron sheet layer is fixedly embedded on a side of the first rack close to the electromagnet, and a magnetic attraction force is generated between the electromagnet and the iron sheet layer to release the meshing between the transmission gear and the first rack. When the lifting rod and the laser rangefinder need to be moved down and reset, the electromagnet is energized, and the magnetic attraction force of the electromagnet on the first rack pulls the first rack into the sliding groove, and the first rack releases the meshing with the transmission gear. The lifting rod moves down and resets under the action of gravity, which is convenient for later scanning of the inner diameter of the annular forging.

[0018] In a possible design, two arc-shaped pads are fixed to a side of the second push block away from the second oil cylinder, for contacting the inner wall of the annular forging.

[0019] In a possible design, the first guide wheel group includes a first rotating shaft and a plurality of second rollers, and the plurality of second rollers are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft so as not to affect the rotation of the annular forging when the second rollers abut against the inner wall of the annular forging.

[0020] In a possible design, the second guide wheel group includes two second rotating shafts and multiple first rollers. The multiple first rollers are respectively fixedly mounted on the outer walls of the two second rotating shafts for stably resisting the annular forging, and when resisting the annular forging, they can not affect the subsequent rotation of the annular forging.

[0021] In a possible design, a sliding hole is provided in the cross plate, a screw is rotatably connected in the sliding hole, a sliding block is provided in a threaded sleeve on the outer wall of the screw, and the sliding block slides in the sliding hole, a rotating disk is provided in a fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the screw, which is used to control the movement of the sliding block by driving the screw to rotate, a fixed rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the sliding block, a brush cylinder for cleaning the inner wall of the annular forging is fixed to the bottom end of the fixed rod, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the sliding block, a rubber wheel that cooperates with the inner wall of the fixed ring is provided on the outer wall fixed sleeve of the rotating rod, and the friction between the fixed ring and the rubber wheel drives the rotating rod to rotate, and a fourth gear is provided on the outer wall fixed sleeve of the rotating rod The outer wall fixing sleeve of the fixing rod is provided with a third gear meshing with the fourth gear, which is used to drive the fixing rod and the brush cylinder to rotate; the rotating disk drives the screw to rotate, and the screw pushes the rubber wheel and the brush cylinder to move through the sliding block until the rubber wheel is close to the inner wall of the fixing ring and the brush cylinder touches the inner wall of the annular forging. When the driving ring drives the annular forging and the fixing ring to rotate, the friction between the fixing ring and the rubber wheel drives the fourth gear and the rotating rod to rotate. The fourth gear drives the fixing rod and the brush cylinder to rotate in opposite directions through the third gear, so that the brush cylinder can clean the inner wall of the annular forging, which is convenient for the laser rangefinder to scan the inner wall of the annular forging.

[0022] In the present application, a shaping method based on a fully automatic ring shaping machine comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. Positioning and initial clamping of the ring forging: The ring forging is placed on the workbench, and the motor drives the lead screw to drive the U-shaped frame and the fixed ring to move to the top of the ring forging. The cylinder pushes the fixed ring down and magnetically attracts the ring forging, and then moves it to the second magnet ring and the drive ring, which initially clamp the ring forging; the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder respectively drive the first roller and the second roller to contact the inner and outer walls of the ring forging to achieve positioning;

[0024] S2. Driving ring drives inner diameter scanning: the driving ring drives the annular forging to rotate, and the laser rangefinder measures the inner diameter at different heights and records the deformation data; the driving motor drives the driving ring to rotate through the first gear, and at the same time triggers the lifting mechanism, so that the laser rangefinder gradually rises with the rotation of the annular forging, realizing multi-height inner diameter scanning;

[0025] S3, shaping according to scanning data: according to the scanning data, the second oil cylinder and the first oil cylinder are controlled to adjust the pressing force and distance of the first roller and the second roller on the annular forging, so as to complete the shaping operation of the annular forging; the driving ring continues to rotate, moves the part to be shaped to the corresponding position, shapes and rescans for multiple times to ensure accuracy;

[0026] S4, scanning equipment reset preparation: the electromagnet is energized to attract the first rack, release its meshing with the transmission gear, and the lifting rod and the laser rangefinder are reset under the action of gravity, ready for the next scan;

[0027] S5. Cleaning the inner wall of the ring forging: To ensure scanning accuracy, the rotating disk drives the screw to move the rubber wheel and the brush cylinder to the appropriate position. The friction between the fixed ring and the rubber wheel drives the brush cylinder to rotate in the opposite direction to clean the inner wall of the ring forging, which is convenient for scanning by the laser rangefinder.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: in the present invention, a gear ring is fixed at the bottom of the driving ring, an arc-shaped protrusion is fixed on the inner wall of one side of the gear ring, a moving bar that contacts and cooperates with the arc-shaped protrusion is slidably connected in the connecting groove, a second rack is fixed on the top of one side of the moving bar, a one-way bearing is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a second gear is fixed on the outer ring of the one-way bearing, a transmission gear is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a first rack meshing with the transmission gear is provided on one side of the lifting rod; the driving ring rotates one circle, the arc-shaped protrusion pushes the moving bar to move toward the middle, the second rack drives the second gear and the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft cooperates with the first rack through the transmission gear to drive the lifting rod and the laser rangefinder to move up a certain distance, so the laser rangefinder can scan the inner diameter of the annular forging at different heights;

[0029] In the present invention, a sliding block is provided on the threaded sleeve of the outer wall of the screw rod, and the sliding block slides in the sliding hole, the bottom of the sliding block is rotatably connected with a fixed rod and a rotating rod, a brush cylinder is fixed to the bottom end of the fixed rod, a rubber wheel and a fourth gear are provided on the outer wall fixed sleeve of the rotating rod, and a third gear is provided on the outer wall fixed sleeve of the fixed rod; when the driving ring drives the annular forging and the fixed ring to rotate, the fourth gear can be driven to rotate through the rubber wheel, and the fourth gear drives the fixed rod and the brush cylinder to rotate in opposite directions through the third gear, so that the brush cylinder can clean the inner wall of the annular forging, which is convenient for the laser rangefinder to scan the inner wall of the annular forging;

[0030] In the present invention, the shaping structure includes a plurality of second oil cylinders and a first oil cylinder fixed on the top of the workbench, the output shafts of the plurality of second oil cylinders are all fixed with second pushing blocks, the plurality of second pushing blocks are all rotatably connected with first guide wheel groups, the output shafts of the plurality of first oil cylinders are all fixed with first pushing blocks, the plurality of first pushing blocks are all rotatably connected with two second guide wheel groups; after the inner diameter measurement of the annular forging is completed, the second oil cylinder and the first oil cylinder are controlled to extend and contract, so as to control the pushing force and distance of the second roller and the first roller on the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular forging, so as to push at the corresponding position of the annular forging, so as to accurately perform shaping operation on the annular forging;

[0031] In the present invention, the annular forging is placed on the driving ring, and the inner diameter of the annular forging at different heights can be automatically scanned when the annular forging rotates. After the scanning is completed, the second oil cylinder and the first oil cylinder cooperate to reciprocate and push different positions of the annular forging to complete the shaping operation. Not only can the shaping operation be performed automatically, but the accuracy of the shaping can also be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a fully automatic ring shaping machine provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a ring forging, a drive ring and a second magnet ring of a fully automatic ring shaping machine provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a cross plate, a fixed ring and a first magnet ring of a fully automatic ring shaping machine provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a workbench, a first oil cylinder and a second oil cylinder of a fully automatic ring shaping machine provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of a fully automatic ring shaping machine provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional explosion structure of a first oil cylinder, a first push block, a second push block, and a second oil cylinder of a fully automatic ring shaping machine provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a gear ring, a moving bar and a laser rangefinder of a fully automatic ring shaping machine provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a transmission gear, a second gear and a first rack of a fully automatic ring shaping machine provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a cross plate, a sliding block and annular forgings of a fully automatic ring shaping machine provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional sectional exploded structure of a cross plate, a sliding block and a brush cylinder of a fully automatic ring shaping machine provided in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 1, workbench; 2, annular forging; 3, driving groove; 4, lead screw; 5, guide rod; 6, U-shaped frame; 7, cylinder; 8, cross plate; 9, fixing ring; 10, first magnet ring; 11, annular groove; 12, driving ring; 13, second magnet ring; 14, first oil cylinder; 15, first push block; 16, first roller; 17, second oil cylinder; 18, second push block; 19, second roller; 20, arc pad; 21, connecting groove; 22, gear ring; 23, driving motor; 24, first gear; 25, arc convex block; 2 6. Moving bar; 27. Lifting slot; 28. Lifting rod; 29. ​​Laser rangefinder; 30. Sliding slot; 31. First rack; 32. First spring; 33. Electromagnet; 34. Rotating shaft; 35. One-way bearing; 36. Second gear; 37. Fourth gear; 38. Second rack; 39. Fixed plate; 40. Second spring; 41. Sliding hole; 42. Screw; 43. Sliding block; 44. Rotating disk; 45. Fixed rod; 46. Brush cylinder; 47. Third gear; 48. Rotating rod; 49. Rubber wheel; 50. Transmission gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0044] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 , shaping machine, which is used in the field of ring forging processing, the fully automatic ring shaping machine includes a workbench 1, and a U-shaped frame 6 is provided at the top center of the workbench 1. A fixing ring 9 is suspended below the U-shaped frame 6, and a first magnet ring 10 is fixedly embedded at the bottom of the fixing ring 9. The first magnet ring 10 can generate magnetic attraction when powered on, and is used to magnetically fix the top of the ring forging 2. The fixing ring 9 and the first magnet ring 10 are both located above the workbench 1 to ensure that the ring forging 2 can be stably clamped.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A ring groove 11 is also provided on the top of the workbench 1, and a driving ring 12 is rotatably connected in the ring groove 11. A second magnet ring 13 is also fixedly embedded on the top of the driving ring 12, which can also generate magnetic attraction when powered on, and is used to magnetically fix the bottom of the ring forging 2. The driving ring 12, the second magnet ring 13 cooperate with the fixing ring 9 and the first magnet ring 10 to achieve the clamping and positioning of the ring forging 2.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 In addition, a lifting groove 27 is provided in the workbench 1, and a lifting rod 28 is slidably connected in the lifting groove 27. A laser rangefinder 29 is fixed on the top of the lifting rod 28, and the laser rangefinder 29 is used to measure the inner diameter of the ring forging 2 to determine whether it needs to be reshaped.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 , a shaping structure is arranged on the top of the workbench 1, and is used to position and shape the annular forging 2 placed on the driving ring 12. The shaping structure includes a plurality of second oil cylinders 17 and a first oil cylinder 14, which are all fixed on the top of the workbench 1 and are arranged equidistantly in a ring. The output shaft of the second oil cylinder 17 is fixed with a second push block 18, and each second push block 18 is rotatably connected to a group of first guide wheel groups, and this group of first guide wheel groups is used to abut against the inner wall of the annular forging 2. The output shaft of the first oil cylinder 14 is fixed with a first push block 15, and each first push block 15 is rotatably connected to two second guide wheel groups, and these two second guide wheel groups are used to abut against the outer wall of the annular forging 2. Through the cooperation of the first guide wheel group and the second guide wheel group, the annular forging 2 can be positioned and pressure can be applied to it during the shaping process.

[0048] The first roller 16 and the second roller 19 are driven by the first oil cylinder 14 and the second oil cylinder 17 to contact the outer wall and the inner wall of the ring forging 2 respectively, so as to locate the position of the ring forging 2. After the inner diameter measurement of the ring forging 2 is completed, the second oil cylinder 17 and the first oil cylinder 14 are controlled to extend or contract, so as to control the pressing force and distance of the second roller 19 and the first roller 16 on the inner wall and the outer wall of the ring forging 2. After the top-pushing shaping, the driving ring 12 can drive the ring forging 2 to rotate so as to move the part of the ring forging 2 to be shaped to the corresponding position for shaping. After the shaping is completed, the inner wall of the ring forging 2 is scanned and measured again by the laser rangefinder 29, and the shaping operation is performed again if necessary. Through such a reciprocating shaping and measuring process, the ring forging 2 can be accurately shaped.

[0049] Reference Figure 6The first guide wheel group is composed of a first rotating shaft and a plurality of second rollers 19. In practical applications, the first rotating shaft serves as a central shaft, and a plurality of second rollers 19 are evenly and fixedly sleeved on its outer wall. The design of these second rollers 19 is such that when they contact the inner wall of the annular forging 2, they will not cause any obstruction to the rotation of the annular forging 2. This design ensures that the annular forging 2 can rotate smoothly during the shaping process.

[0050] Reference Figure 6 Furthermore, the shaping machine further includes a second guide wheel group, which is composed of two second rotating shafts and a plurality of first rollers 16. The two second rotating shafts are respectively located on both sides of the annular forging 2, and a plurality of first rollers 16 are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of each second rotating shaft. These first rollers 16 can stably contact the outer wall of the annular forging 2, ensuring that the annular forging 2 will not shake during the shaping process, and will not affect the rotation of the annular forging 2 in the later stage.

[0051] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 , a movable structure is also arranged on the top of the workbench 1, and is used to drive the annular forging 2 to move into the shaping structure through the cooperation of the U-shaped frame 6, the fixed ring 9 and the first magnet ring 10, so as to facilitate the later shaping operation. The movable structure includes two driving grooves 3, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the workbench 1. A guide rod 5 is fixed in one of the driving grooves 3, and a lead screw 4 is rotatably connected in the other driving groove 3. The two bottom ends of the U-shaped frame 6 extend into the two driving grooves 3 respectively, one of the bottom ends is slidably connected to the guide rod 5, and the other bottom end is threadedly connected to the lead screw 4. In this way, when the motor drives the lead screw 4 to rotate, the U-shaped frame 6 and the fixed ring 9 can be driven to move along the direction of the guide rod 5 and the lead screw 4.

[0052] During the specific operation, first, the lead screw 4 is driven by the motor to rotate, so that the U-shaped frame 6 and the fixed ring 9 are moved to the top of the annular forging 2. Then, the cylinder 7 pushes the fixed ring 9 to move down and is located on the top of the annular forging 2. At this time, the first magnet ring 10 is energized to generate a magnetic attraction force on the annular forging 2. Next, the cylinder 7 pulls the annular forging 2 upward, and places the annular forging 2 on the top of the second magnet ring 13 and the drive ring 12 by moving the U-shaped frame 6. After the second magnet ring 13 is energized, it will also generate a magnetic attraction force on the annular forging 2. At this time, the fixed ring 9 and the drive ring 12 jointly perform a preliminary clamping and fixing of the annular forging 2.

[0053] Reference Figure 3 A cylinder 7 is fixedly passed through the U-shaped frame 6, and a cross plate 8 is fixed to the output shaft of the cylinder 7, and a fixed ring 9 is slidably arranged at the bottom of the cross plate 8. Therefore, when the cylinder 7 is extended and retracted, the fixed ring 9 and the first magnet ring 10 can be driven to rise and fall through the cross plate 8, thereby achieving the clamping and release of the annular forging 2.

[0054] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 The measuring structure is arranged in the workbench 1, and is used to enable the laser rangefinder 29 to measure the inner diameter of the ring forging 2 at different heights. The measuring structure includes a driving motor 23 fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the annular groove 11. A first gear 24 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving motor 23. At the same time, a gear ring 22 is fixed to the bottom of the driving ring 12, and the gear ring 22 is meshed with the first gear 24. Therefore, when the driving motor 23 is started, it will drive the rotation of the ring forging 2 through the meshing of the gear ring 22 and the first gear 24.

[0055] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 On the inner wall of one side of the gear ring 22, we fixed an arc-shaped protrusion 25. The function of this arc-shaped protrusion 25 is to produce a conflicting fit with the moving bar 26 in the connecting groove 21 when the annular forging 2 rotates. The two ends of the connecting groove 21 are respectively connected to the annular groove 11 and the lifting groove 27, providing space for the sliding of the moving bar 26. On the top inner wall of the connecting groove 21, we fixed a fixing plate 39. A second spring 40 is fixed on the side of the fixing plate 39 away from the lifting groove 27, and the other end of the second spring 40 is fixed on one side of the moving bar 26. Therefore, when the arc-shaped protrusion 25 conflicts with the moving bar 26, the moving bar 26 will be pushed inward, but then under the action of the second spring 40, it will move outward and reset.

[0056] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 , we fixed a second rack 38 on the top of one side of the moving bar 26. A rotating shaft 34 is also rotatably connected in the connecting groove 21, and a one-way bearing 35 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 34. The inner ring of the one-way bearing 35 is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 34, and the outer ring is fixed with a second gear 36 meshing with the second rack 38. This design makes it possible for the second rack 38 to drive the second gear 36 to rotate when it moves, but due to the presence of the one-way bearing 35, the rotating shaft 34 can only rotate in one direction.

[0057] Reference Figure 8 The outer wall of the rotating shaft 34 is also fixedly sleeved with a transmission gear 50. On one side of the lifting rod 28, we have a first rack 31 meshing with the transmission gear 50. Therefore, when the rotating shaft 34 rotates, it drives the transmission gear 50 to rotate, thereby driving the lifting rod 28 and the laser rangefinder 29 fixed on the lifting rod 28 to intermittently move upward.

[0058] Specifically, every time the annular forging 2 rotates one circle, the arc-shaped protrusion 25 will push the moving bar 26 to move toward the middle once. The movement of the moving bar 26 will drive the second rack 38 to move, and then drive the second gear 36 and the rotating shaft 34 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft 34 will drive the transmission gear 50 to rotate, and the cooperation between the transmission gear 50 and the first rack 31 will drive the lifting rod 28 and the laser rangefinder 29 to move up a distance. Therefore, every time the annular forging 2 rotates one circle, the laser rangefinder 29 will scan the inner diameter of the annular forging 2 at the corresponding height.

[0059] Reference Figure 8 In order to realize the downward resetting of the lifting rod 28 and the laser rangefinder 29, a sliding groove 30 is provided on the side of the lifting rod 28 close to the moving bar 26. One side of the first rack 31 slides and extends into the sliding groove 30, and one side of the first rack 31 is fixed with a plurality of first springs 32 located in the sliding groove 30. One end of each of the first springs 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the sliding groove 30, so as to keep the first rack 31 meshing with the transmission gear 50.

[0060] Reference Figure 8 At the same time, a plurality of electromagnets 33 are fixed on the inner wall of the sliding groove 30 away from the first rack 31. A side of the first rack 31 close to the electromagnet 33 is fixedly embedded with an iron sheet layer.

[0061] Specifically, when the lifting rod 28 and the laser rangefinder 29 need to be moved down and reset, we will energize the electromagnet 33. The energized electromagnet 33 will generate magnetic attraction to the iron layer of the first rack 31, thereby pulling the first rack 31 into the sliding groove 30 to release the meshing with the transmission gear 50. At this time, the lifting rod 28 and the laser rangefinder 29 will move down and reset under the action of gravity, ready for the next scan.

[0062] Reference Figure 6 In addition, two arc-shaped pads 20 are fixed on the side of the second push block 18 away from the second oil cylinder 17. The two arc-shaped pads 20 are used to abut against the inner wall of the annular forging 2 during the shaping process to ensure the accuracy and stability of the shaping.

[0063] Through the above design, we have realized a fully automatic ring shaping machine that can accurately measure the inner diameter of ring forgings. This design not only improves the shaping accuracy and efficiency, but also greatly reduces the operating difficulty and labor cost.

[0064] Example 2: Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10, based on the improvement of Example 1: a sliding hole 41 is provided in the cross plate 8 of the shaping machine. A screw rod 42 is rotatably connected in the sliding hole 41. A sliding block 43 is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the screw rod 42, and the sliding block 43 can slide in the sliding hole 41. In order to drive the screw rod 42 to rotate, a rotating disk 44 is also fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the screw rod 42. The rotating disk 44 is driven to rotate manually or electrically, which can drive the screw rod 42 to rotate, and then the sliding block 43 is driven to move in the sliding hole 41 through the threaded connection.

[0065] refer to Fig.10 The bottom of the sliding block 43 is rotatably connected to a fixed rod 45, and a brush cylinder 46 is fixed to the bottom end of the fixed rod 45. The brush cylinder 46 is used to clean the inner wall of the annular forging 2. At the same time, the bottom of the sliding block 43 is also rotatably connected to a rotating rod 48, and a rubber wheel 49 that matches the inner wall of the fixing ring 9 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod 48. When the rubber wheel 49 is in close contact with the inner wall of the fixing ring 9, the friction between the fixing ring 9 and the rubber wheel 49 can drive the rotating rod 48 to rotate.

[0066] refer to Fig.10 In order to drive the brush cylinder 46 to rotate, a fourth gear 37 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod 48, and a third gear 47 meshing with the fourth gear 37 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod 45. When the rotating rod 48 rotates, the fourth gear 37 drives the third gear 47 to rotate, thereby driving the fixed rod 45 and the brush cylinder 46 to rotate in opposite directions.

[0067] In actual operation, the screw 42 is first driven to rotate by the rotating disk 44, and the screw 42 pushes the rubber wheel 49 and the brush cylinder 46 to move through the sliding block 43 until the rubber wheel 49 is close to the inner wall of the fixed ring 9 and the brush cylinder 46 touches the inner wall of the annular forging 2. Then, the driving ring 12 is started to drive the annular forging 2 and the fixed ring 9 to rotate. During the rotation process, the friction between the fixed ring 9 and the rubber wheel 49 drives the fourth gear 37 and the rotating rod 48 to rotate, and then drives the fixed rod 45 and the brush cylinder 46 to rotate in the opposite direction through the third gear 47. In this way, the brush cylinder 46 can clean the inner wall of the annular forging 2, which is convenient for the subsequent laser rangefinder 29 to scan and measure the inner wall of the annular forging 2.

[0068] Through the above implementation, the fully automatic ring shaping machine can not only perform efficient shaping processing on the ring forgings, but also clean the inner wall of the ring forgings, ensuring that subsequent scanning and measurement work can be carried out smoothly.

[0069] A shaping method based on a fully automatic ring shaping machine comprises the following steps:

[0070] S1. Place the annular forging 2 on the top of the workbench 1, and drive the lead screw 4 to rotate through the motor. The lead screw 4 drives the U-shaped frame 6 and the fixed ring 9 to move to the top of the annular forging 2. The cylinder 7 pushes the fixed ring 9 to move down and is located on the top of the annular forging 2. The first magnet ring 10 is energized to generate magnetic attraction to the annular forging 2. The cylinder 7 pulls the annular forging 2 upward and places the annular forging 2 on the top of the second magnet ring 13 and the drive ring 12 through the movement of the U-shaped frame 6. The second magnet ring 13 magnetically attracts the annular forging 2. At this time, the fixed ring 9 and the drive ring 12 preliminarily clamp and fix the annular forging 2. Then, the first oil cylinder 14 and the second oil cylinder 17 respectively drive the first roller 16 and the second roller 19 to contact the outer wall and the inner wall of the annular forging 2, so that the position of the annular forging 2 can be positioned;

[0071] S2, then drive the annular forging 2 to rotate, the laser rangefinder 29 measures the inner diameter of the annular forging 2 at different heights, and observes the deformation data of the annular forging 2; specifically, the driving motor 23 drives the driving ring 12 to rotate through the cooperation of the first gear 24 and the gear ring 22, and the driving ring 12 drives the annular forging 2 to rotate. When the driving ring 12 rotates one circle, the arc-shaped protrusion 25 pushes the moving bar 26 to move toward the middle, and the second spring 40 is compressed. The moving bar 26 drives the second gear 36 to rotate through the second rack 38, and the second gear 36 drives the rotating shaft 34 to rotate through the one-way bearing 35. The rotating shaft 34 drives the transmission gear 50 to rotate. The transmission gear 50 cooperates with the first rack 31 to drive the lifting rod 28 and the laser rangefinder 29 to move up a distance. Therefore, every time the annular forging 2 rotates one circle, the laser rangefinder 29 can scan the inner diameter of the annular forging 2 at the corresponding height, which is convenient for the first oil cylinder 14 and the second oil cylinder 17 to shape the annular forging 2 in the later stage;

[0072] S3, during shaping, the second oil cylinder 17 and the first oil cylinder 14 are controlled to extend and contract according to the data scanned by the laser rangefinder 29 in step S2, so as to control the pressing force and distance of the second roller 19 and the first roller 16 on the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular forging 2, and after the shaping, the annular forging 2 is driven to rotate by the driving ring 12, so that the part of the annular forging 2 to be shaped can be moved to the corresponding position for shaping, and after the shaping is completed, the inner wall of the annular forging 2 is scanned again by the laser rangefinder 29, and the shaping operation is performed again, and the reciprocating shaping is repeated for multiple times, so that the annular forging 2 can be accurately shaped;

[0073] S4, when the lifting rod 28 and the laser rangefinder 29 need to be moved down and reset, the electromagnet 33 is energized, and the magnetic attraction of the electromagnet 33 on the first rack 31 pulls the first rack 31 into the sliding groove 30, the first spring 32 is compressed, the first rack 31 is released from the meshing with the transmission gear 50, and the lifting rod 28 is moved down and reset under the action of gravity, so as to facilitate the later scanning of the inner diameter of the annular forging 2;

[0074] S5. In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy of the laser rangefinder 29 scanning the inner wall of the annular forging 2, the screw 42 is driven to rotate by the rotating disk 44, and the screw 42 pushes the rubber wheel 49 and the brush cylinder 46 to move through the sliding block 43 until the rubber wheel 49 is close to the inner wall of the fixed ring 9 and the brush cylinder 46 touches the inner wall of the annular forging 2. When the driving ring 12 drives the annular forging 2 and the fixed ring 9 to rotate, the friction between the fixed ring 9 and the rubber wheel 49 drives the fourth gear 37 and the rotating rod 48 to rotate. The fourth gear 37 drives the fixed rod 45 and the brush cylinder 46 to rotate in opposite directions through the third gear 47, so that the brush cylinder 46 can clean the inner wall of the annular forging 2, which is convenient for the laser rangefinder 29 to scan the inner wall of the annular forging 2.

[0075] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the first oil cylinder 14, the second oil cylinder 17, the air cylinder 7, the drive motor 23, the first magnet ring 10, the second magnet ring 13, the electromagnet 33 and the laser rangefinder 29 are commonplace, and are conventional means or common knowledge, and will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art may make any optional selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic ring shaping machine, characterized in that: The workbench (1) comprises a U-shaped frame (6) on the top of the workbench (1), a fixing ring (9) on the bottom of the U-shaped frame (6), a first magnet ring (10) fixedly embedded on the bottom of the fixing ring (9) for magnetically attracting the top of the annular forging (2), and the fixing ring (9) and the first magnet ring (10) are both located above the workbench (1); It also includes an annular groove (11) arranged on the top of the workbench (1), a driving ring (12) is rotatably connected in the annular groove (11), a second magnet ring (13) is fixedly embedded on the top of the driving ring (12) and is used to magnetically attract the bottom of the annular forging (2), and the driving ring (12), the second magnet ring (13), the fixing ring (9) and the first magnet ring (10) are used to clamp and position the annular forging (2); It also includes a lifting groove (27) which is arranged in the workbench (1), a lifting rod (28) is slidably connected in the lifting groove (27), and a laser rangefinder (29) is fixed on the top of the lifting rod (28) for measuring the inner diameter of the annular forging (2); A shaping structure, arranged on the top of the workbench (1), used for positioning the annular forging (2) placed on the driving ring (12) and shaping the annular forging (2); The moving structure is arranged on the top of the workbench (1), and drives the annular forging (2) to move into the shaping structure through the cooperation of the U-shaped frame (6), the fixing ring (9) and the first magnet ring (10), so as to facilitate the subsequent shaping operation; A measuring structure, arranged in the workbench (1), for enabling a laser rangefinder (29) to measure the inner diameter of the annular forging (2) at different heights; The movable structure comprises two drive grooves (3) arranged on both sides of the top of the workbench (1), wherein a guide rod (5) is fixed in one of the drive grooves (3), and a lead screw (4) is rotatably connected in the other drive groove (3), and the two bottom ends of the U-shaped frame (6) extend into the two drive grooves (3) respectively, and one bottom end of the U-shaped frame (6) is slidably connected to the guide rod (5), and the other bottom end is threadedly connected to the lead screw (4) for driving the U-shaped frame (6) to move, and a cylinder (7) is fixedly passed through the U-shaped frame (6), and a cross plate (8) is fixed to the output shaft of the cylinder (7), and the fixed ring (9) is slidably arranged at the bottom of the cross plate (8), and the cylinder (7) drives the annular forging (2) to rise and fall through the cross plate (8) and the first magnet ring (10); The shaping structure comprises a plurality of second oil cylinders (17) and a first oil cylinder (14) fixed on the top of the workbench (1); the plurality of second oil cylinders (17) and the first oil cylinder (14) are arranged in a circular shape and at equal intervals; the output shafts of the plurality of second oil cylinders (17) are fixed with a second push block (18); the plurality of second push blocks (18) are rotatably connected with a first guide wheel group, the first guide wheel group is used to abut against the inner wall of the annular forging (2); the output shafts of the plurality of first oil cylinders (14) are fixed with a first push block (15); the plurality of first push blocks (15) are rotatably connected with two second guide wheel groups, the second guide wheel group is used to abut against the outer wall of the annular forging (2); the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel group cooperate to position and shape the annular forging (2); The measuring structure comprises a driving motor (23) fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the annular groove (11); a first gear (24) is fixed to the output shaft of the driving motor (23); a toothed ring (22) is fixed to the bottom of the driving ring (12); the toothed ring (22) is meshed with the first gear (24); the driving motor (23) drives the annular forging (2) to rotate via the toothed ring (22) and the first gear (24); an arc-shaped protrusion (25) is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the toothed ring (22); The workbench (1) is provided with a connecting groove (21), the two ends of which are respectively connected to the annular groove (11) and the lifting groove (27), a moving bar (26) which is in contact with the arc-shaped protrusion (25) is slidably connected in the connecting groove (21), a fixing plate (39) is fixed to the top inner wall of the connecting groove (21), a second spring (40) is fixed on the side of the fixing plate (39) away from the lifting groove (27), and the other end of the second spring (40) is fixed on the moving bar (26) A second spring (40) is provided on one side of the movable bar (26) for driving the movable bar (26) to move outward and reset. A second rack (38) is fixed on the top of one side of the movable bar (26). A rotating shaft (34) is rotatably connected in the connecting groove (21). A one-way bearing (35) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (34). The inner ring of the one-way bearing (35) is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (34). The outer ring of the one-way bearing (35) is fixed with a toothed member meshing with the second rack (38). The second gear (36) is engaged with the second rack (38), and the cooperation between the second rack gear (38), the one-way bearing (35) and the second gear (36) drives the rotating shaft (34) to rotate in one direction. A transmission gear (50) is provided on the outer wall fixed sleeve of the rotating shaft (34). A first rack gear (31) meshing with the transmission gear (50) is provided on one side of the lifting rod (28). The rotating shaft (34) drives the transmission gear (50) to rotate in one direction to drive the lifting rod (28) and the laser rangefinder (29) to move upward intermittently.

2. A fully automatic ring shaping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding groove (30) is provided on a side of the lifting rod (28) close to the moving bar (26); one side of the first rack (31) slides and extends into the sliding groove (30); a plurality of first springs (32) located in the sliding groove (30) are fixed on one side of the first rack (31); one end of each of the plurality of first springs (32) is fixedly connected to an inner wall of one side of the sliding groove (30); the first springs (32) are used to make the first rack (31) and the transmission gear (50) mesh with each other; a plurality of electromagnets (33) are fixed on an inner wall of a side of the sliding groove (30) away from the first rack (31); an iron sheet layer is fixedly embedded on a side of the first rack (31) close to the electromagnet (33); a magnetic attraction force is generated between the electromagnet (33) and the iron sheet layer, which is used to release the meshing between the transmission gear (50) and the first rack (31).

3. A fully automatic ring shaping machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two arc-shaped pads (20) are fixed to the side of the second push block (18) away from the second oil cylinder (17) and are used to abut against the inner wall of the annular forging (2).

4. A fully automatic ring shaping machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first guide wheel assembly comprises a first rotating shaft and a plurality of second rollers (19), wherein the plurality of second rollers (19) are all fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft.

5. A fully automatic ring shaping machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second guide wheel assembly comprises two second rotating shafts and a plurality of first rollers (16), wherein the plurality of first rollers (16) are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two second rotating shafts and are used to stably resist the annular forging (2).

6. A fully automatic ring shaping machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross plate (8) is provided with a sliding hole (41), a screw rod (42) is rotatably connected to the sliding hole (41), a sliding block (43) is provided on the outer wall thread sleeve of the screw rod (42), and the sliding block (43) slides in the sliding hole (41), a rotating disk (44) is provided on the outer wall fixed sleeve of the screw rod (42), and is used to control the movement of the sliding block (43) by driving the screw rod (42) to rotate, and a fixing rod (45) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the sliding block (43), and a fixing rod (45) is fixed at the bottom end of the fixing rod (45) for cleaning the inner wall of the annular forging (2). The bottom of the sliding block (43) is rotatably connected to a rotating rod (48); a fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the rotating rod (48) is provided with a rubber wheel (49) matched with the inner wall of the fixing ring (9); the friction between the fixing ring (9) and the rubber wheel (49) drives the rotating rod (48) to rotate; the fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the rotating rod (48) is provided with a fourth gear (37); the fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the fixing rod (45) is provided with a third gear (47) meshing with the fourth gear (37) for driving the fixing rod (45) and the brush cylinder (46) to rotate.

7. A shaping method for a fully automatic ring shaping machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Positioning and initial clamping of the annular forging (2): the annular forging (2) is placed on the workbench (1), the motor drives the lead screw (4) to drive the U-shaped frame (6) and the fixing ring (9) to move to the top of the annular forging (2), the cylinder (7) pushes the fixing ring (9) down and magnetically attracts the annular forging (2), and then moves it to the second magnet ring (13) and the drive ring (12), and the two initially clamp the annular forging (2); the first oil cylinder (14) and the second oil cylinder (17) respectively drive the first roller (16) and the second roller (19) to contact the inner and outer walls of the annular forging (2) to achieve positioning; S2, the driving ring (12) drives the inner diameter scanning: the driving ring (12) drives the annular forging (2) to rotate, and the laser rangefinder (29) measures the inner diameter at different heights and records the deformation data; the driving motor (23) drives the driving ring (12) to rotate through the first gear (24), and at the same time triggers the lifting mechanism, so that the laser rangefinder (29) gradually rises as the annular forging (2) rotates, thereby realizing the inner diameter scanning at multiple heights; S3, shaping according to the scanned data: according to the scanned data, the second oil cylinder (17) and the first oil cylinder (14) are controlled to adjust the pressing force and distance of the first roller (16) and the second roller (19) on the annular forging (2), thereby completing the shaping operation of the annular forging (2); the driving ring (12) continues to rotate, moves the part to be shaped to the corresponding position, and shapes and re-scans multiple times to ensure accuracy; S4, scanning device reset preparation: the electromagnet (33) is energized to attract the first rack (31), releasing its meshing with the transmission gear (50), and the lifting rod (28) and the laser rangefinder (29) are reset under the action of gravity, preparing for the next scan; S5. Cleaning the inner wall of the annular forging (2): To ensure scanning accuracy, the rotating disk (44) drives the screw (42) to move the rubber wheel (49) and the brush cylinder (46) to the appropriate position, and the fixed ring (9) and the rubber wheel (49) rub to drive the brush cylinder (46) to rotate in the opposite direction to clean the inner wall of the annular forging (2), so as to facilitate scanning by the laser rangefinder (29).

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