A soil conditioner and its application

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and specifically relates to a soil conditioner and its application. The soil conditioner comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-60 parts of biochar, 10-50 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 10-30 parts of bentonite, 15-35 parts of surfactants, and 3-15 parts of biostimulants; the surfactant comprises one or more of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium laurate taurate, or rhamnolipid, and the biostimulant comprises one or more of humic acid, chitosan, trehalose, or polyglutamic acid. This conditioner is a compound of multiple surfactants and biostimulants, and has extremely significant three major soil conditioning properties of "breathability, fertilization, and water retention." It can break up soil compaction, loosen the soil, improve soil permeability, reduce soil bulk density, promote soil microbial activity, enhance soil fertilizer and water penetration, and increase crop yields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fertilizers, and in particular to a soil conditioner and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the modern economy and the irrational use of land, arable land quality issues have become prominent. Currently, over two-thirds of existing arable land is low- to medium-yielding, and approximately 20% is uncultivable due to varying degrees of soil degradation or pollution. These soil issues are extremely prominent, severely hindering agricultural economic development and the implementation of environmental protection. Addressing soil degradation issues such as acidification, salinization, desertification, and soil erosion, as well as soil pollution issues such as heavy metal contamination, can be addressed through various targeted approaches. Improving soil properties, enhancing soil fertility, and remediating heavy metal-laden soils through the use of soil conditioners have been areas of considerable research and attention in recent years.

[0003] Soil is the basis of plant growth. Soil with excellent physical and chemical properties and rich nutrients is bound to be more conducive to plant growth and development. At present, many studies have shown that the application of conditioners in cultivated soil can directly or indirectly increase the yield of crops and cash crops and improve crop quality.

[0004] Red soils play a vital role in agricultural production. However, they are generally high in clay and low in organic matter. This, coupled with long-term intensive use, has led to deteriorating soil structure, poor water permeability and aeration, prominent soil compaction, and low resistance to drought. These factors have become a major degradation issue for red soils, resulting in low and unstable crop yields and severely restricting the green and high-quality development of regional agriculture. While some work has been carried out domestically and internationally to improve red soil structure and mitigate seasonal drought, key measures for soil structure improvement include deep tillage, increased application of organic fertilizers, and the addition of soil conditioners. However, the current scarcity of organic fertilizer resources in rural areas and the limited availability of dryland crop straw limit their practical application in production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil conditioner and its application, and the specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A soil conditioner comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-60 parts of biochar, 10-50 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 10-30 parts of bentonite, 15-35 parts of a surfactant, and 3-15 parts of a biostimulant; the surfactant comprises one or more of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium laurate taurate, or rhamnolipid, and the biostimulant comprises one or more of humic acid, chitosan, trehalose, or polyglutamic acid.

[0007] Preferably, the surfactant is composed of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium laurate taurate and rhamnolipid, and the mass ratio of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium laurate taurate and rhamnolipid is 6-10:8-12:6-10; the biostimulant is composed of humic acid, chitosan, trehalose and polyglutamic acid, and the mass ratio of humic acid, chitosan, trehalose and polyglutamic acid is 1-3:1-3:1-3:1-3.

[0008] Preferably, the soil conditioner contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of biochar, 25-35 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 15-25 parts of bentonite, 7-9 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 9-11 parts of sodium laurate taurate, 7-9 parts of rhamnolipid, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-3 parts of chitosan, 1-3 parts of trehalose, and 1-3 parts of polyglutamic acid.

[0009] Preferably, the soil conditioner contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium laurate taurate, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of trehalose, and 2 parts of polyglutamic acid.

[0010] The soil conditioner of the present invention is used for improving soil, in particular for improving soil air permeability, reducing soil bulk density, and enhancing soil fertilizer and water penetration.

[0011] The soil conditioner of the present invention is used for increasing crop yield, in particular for increasing greenhouse tomato yield.

[0012] If the soil is slightly compacted, the recommended dosage is 500g-1000g per mu. If the soil is severely compacted, the dosage can be doubled.

[0013] Beneficial technical effects:

[0014] This soil conditioner, formulated with multiple surfactants and biostimulants, boasts remarkable soil conditioning properties: aeration, fertilization, and water retention. It can break up soil compaction, loosen the soil, improve soil aeration, reduce soil bulk density, promote soil microbial activity, and enhance fertility and water penetration. It improves soil quality, conserves water and resists drought, enhances crop disease resistance, boosts root vitality, increases crop yields, improves agricultural product quality, and restores the original ecological environment of crops. It regulates the sand-to-clay ratio in the soil, improves soil structure, and promotes the formation of aggregates; it enhances soil water retention and increases effective water supply. It regulates the soil microbial flora, maintains a favorable microbial environment, promotes the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, and reduces the occurrence of soil-borne diseases. All ingredients in this product are of natural origin.

[0015] Usage: For slightly compacted soil, the recommended dosage is 500g-1000g per mu, diluted 800-1000 times. For severely compacted soil, the dosage can be doubled. Apply twice annually, gradually reducing the dosage until it is no longer needed. Mixing with other fertilizers and amendments will achieve even better results. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is described with reference to the following specific embodiments, but the present invention is by no means limited thereto.

[0017] Example 1: Effects of different soil conditioners on soil improvement

[0018] Experimental site: crop fields in Fujian, lime mud field soil, loam texture, soil pH 5.15.

[0019] Test conditioner:

[0020] Formula A: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium laurate taurate, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of trehalose, and 2 parts of polyglutamic acid;

[0021] Formula B: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 26 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 2 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of trehalose, and 2 parts of polyglutamic acid;

[0022] Formula C: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium laurate taurate, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of humic acid, and 6 parts of chitosan;

[0023] Formula D: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 18 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of humic acid, 4 parts of trehalose, and 2 parts of polyglutamic acid;

[0024] Formula E: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of calcium potassium magnesium silicate, 20 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium laurate taurate, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of chitosan, and 6 parts of polyglutamic acid;

[0025] Formula F: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts biochar, 30 parts calcium potassium magnesium silicate, 20 parts bentonite, 8 parts sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts sodium laurate taurate, 8 parts rhamnolipid, 6 parts humic acid, and 2 parts trehalose;

[0026] Test method:

[0027] The experiment involved seven treatments and one blank, with four replications. The plots were 50 m² in size and arranged in randomized blocks. Except for CK, all other treatments received a single application of soil conditioner at the time of basal fertilizer application. Fertilization and other management practices were consistent across all treatments. Fertilizer application rates included 200 kg / hm² of nitrogen (N), 112 kg / hm² of phosphorus (P₂O₅), and 170 kg / hm² of potassium (K₂O). The soil conditioner application rate was 750 g / mu. Four months after application, soil samples were collected from each treatment to determine soil physical and chemical properties and heavy metal content. Statistical analysis and analysis were performed using Excel.

[0028] Results and Analysis:

[0029] As shown in Table 1-1, compared to CK, soil organic matter increased by 0.9-2.5 g / kg in each treatment, a 3.9%-10.9% increase; available phosphorus increased by 18-69 mg / kg in each treatment, a 14.0%-53.5% increase; available potassium increased by 19-42 mg / kg in each treatment, a 19.2%-42.4% increase; and available potassium increased by 11-40 mg / kg in each treatment, a 9.3%-33.9% increase. In summary, each soil conditioner treatment increased soil organic matter, alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium to a certain extent. Compared with the other formulations, Formulation A exhibited superior soil conditioning performance.

[0030] Table 1-1: Main physical and chemical properties of soils treated differently

[0031]

[0032] As can be seen from Table 1-2, compared with CK, the soil aggregates of each treatment were significantly improved, and the proportion of >2mm increased, which can break up soil compaction, loosen the soil, and improve soil permeability.

[0033] Table 1-2: Soil aggregate indicators under different treatments

[0034]

[0035] As shown in Table 2, different soil conditioners can effectively reduce the content of heavy metals such as chromium, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic in the soil. Compared with other formulas, the soil conditioner of formula A is more effective in reducing soil heavy metals.

[0036] Table 2 Available content of heavy metals in soils under different treatments

[0037]

[0038] Example 2: Effects of different soil conditioners on greenhouse tomatoes

[0039] Experimental site: Tomato greenhouse

[0040] Test conditioners: Formulation A-Formulation F;

[0041] Experimental Methods: Seven treatments and one blank were used, with four replicates. Plots were 25 m² in size and arranged in randomized blocks. Except for CK, all other treatments received a single application of soil conditioner at the same time as conventional fertilization. The application rate was 1500 g / mu.

[0042] Measurement: Soil bulk density: measured by the ring knife method. Yield: Four replicates of each treatment were harvested, and the actual yield of each plot was calculated and averaged to yield per 667 m2.

[0043] Results and Analysis

[0044] Table 3 shows that soil conditioners at varying dosages have a certain effect on improving soil bulk density. Applying soil conditioners to greenhouse tomatoes can reduce soil bulk density and improve soil compaction. Compared with other treatments, Formula A reduced bulk density by 0.21 g / cm³, a 15.1% decrease. Soil conditioners at varying dosages all had a certain effect on increasing tomato yield. Compared with other treatments, Formula A increased bulk density by 489.8 kg / mu, a 10.2% increase.

[0045] Table 3 Effects of different treatments on soil bulk density and yield

[0046]

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium laurate taurate, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of trehalose and 2 parts of polyglutamic acid.

2. The use of the soil conditioner according to claim 1 for improving soil, characterized in that: Used to improve soil permeability, reduce soil bulk density, and enhance soil fertilizer and water penetration.

3. The use of the soil conditioner according to claim 1 for increasing crop yield, characterized in that: The invention is used for increasing the yield of greenhouse tomatoes.

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