A rubber water seal device with a coupling comb structure and a determination method

Abstract

The application provides a rubber water seal device with a coupling comb structure and a determination method, which sets a coupling comb structure at the coupling surface part of both ends of the rubber water seal; the allowable stress of the coupling comb structure part is calculated, and the performance safety factor K is calculated and analyzed, so as to construct the structure elements of the comb tooth profile type, the comb tooth profile number n, the comb tooth profile width b and the like of the coupling comb structure; the control technology parameters are used to control the technical parameters of the working surface of the coupling comb structure, so as to enhance the protection and clamping constraint of the rubber water seal; the bearing capacity of the water seal clamping bolt is calculated, and the diameter d specification (grade), the arrangement element spacing Delta and the number Z of the water seal clamping bolt are determined, so as to meet the requirement of the rubber water seal envelope clamping and pre-pressing performance. The rubber water seal device with the coupling comb structure can improve and strengthen the tearing resistance of the coupling part of the rubber water seal, and ensure the coupling enclosure and sealing performance of the gate water seal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gate reliable sealing enhancement technology, forming a reinforced interlaced connection structure for the extension part of the rubber water seal to ensure the sealing and water-blocking function and operational safety of hydraulic gates under high water head conditions, and particularly to a rubber water seal device and determination method with a connecting comb structure. Background Technology

[0002] For a long time, hydraulic gates have relied primarily on rubber water seals for sealing and operation. These rubber water seals are typically assembled and bonded directly. However, due to factors such as the load-bearing mechanism of the joints, construction techniques, and gate operating conditions, the load-bearing capacity of these bonded joints is relatively weak, making it difficult to withstand the complex fluid-structure interaction loads during the opening and closing of hydraulic gates. In recent years, with the increasing prevalence of high-head projects such as pumped storage, the rubber water seal joints are subjected to a combination of factors including high-pressure water loads, sliding and tearing, transient hydrodynamic forces, and the hyperelastic properties of the rubber seal material. This can easily lead to abnormal bonding and tearing of the rubber water seals during the opening and closing process, resulting in the failure of the gate's sealing and water-blocking function, and inducing engineering problems such as water-induced vibration, overload of opening and closing forces, operational imbalance, and creep. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The first objective of this invention is to provide a rubber water seal device with a connecting comb structure, which is intended to provide reliable sealing protection for hydraulic steel gates when operating under high water head conditions.

[0004] Therefore, the above-mentioned objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A rubber water seal device with a connecting comb structure includes a water seal pressure plate, a rubber water seal, a water seal pad, a water seal clamping bolt, and a hydraulic steel gate.

[0006] The rubber water seal is located directly below the water seal pressure plate. The rubber water seal is used to provide an elastomer seal. A connecting comb structure is provided at the connection surface between two adjacent rubber water seals.

[0007] The water seal pad is located directly below the rubber water seal, and the water seal pad is used to support and hold the rubber water seal.

[0008] The water seal clamping bolt passes through the water seal pressure plate, the rubber water seal, and the water seal pad, thereby clamping the rubber water seal with the water seal pressure plate and the water seal pad, and fixing the water seal pressure plate, the rubber water seal, and the water seal pad to the hydraulic steel gate.

[0009] While adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention may also adopt or combine the following technical solutions:

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structural technical parameters of the connecting comb structure are set according to the following steps:

[0011] (1) Arranged at the joint surfaces at both ends of the rubber water seal, and staggered and evenly distributed along the joint surfaces;

[0012] (2) Structural elements for constructing the rubber water seal connecting comb structure, the structural elements including comb tooth profile type, number of comb tooth profiles n, and comb tooth profile width b;

[0013] (3) Composed of multiple sets of comb-shaped tooth profiles of the same type.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the comb-shaped tooth profile types of the rubber water seal connector, including oblique straight type, sawtooth type, equilateral triangle type, rectangular type, trapezoidal type and conjugate circular arc type, are clearly defined, and their geometric structural shapes include:

[0015] (1) An oblique-straight butt joint section with an angle of 30 to 150° to the axis of the rubber water seal forms an oblique-straight staggered joint;

[0016] (2) A sawtooth-shaped interlocking connector is formed by a sawtooth cross section (a sawtooth with a base angle of α = 30° and β = 3°).

[0017] (3) A triangular interlocking connector is formed by a triangular tooth cross section (base angle α = 30~70°);

[0018] (4) A rectangular tooth cross section (length-to-width ratio 0.25-0.5) forms a rectangular interlocking connector;

[0019] (5) A trapezoidal staggered connector is formed by the trapezoidal tooth cross section (base angle α = 60~80°);

[0020] (6) The interlaced semi-circular tooth cross sections with continuous concave and convex conjugates form an interlaced arc connector.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific steps for constructing the structural elements of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure are as follows:

[0022] (1) Considering the working head P of the gate, the comb tooth profile type and comb tooth profile width b of the connecting comb structure are initially selected according to Table 1, and the number of comb tooth profiles n is obtained by calculation through formula (1).

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, b is the width of the comb tooth profile of the connecting comb structure, int() is the floor function, W is the width of the rubber water seal, and n is the number of comb teeth.

[0025] Table 1. Rules for selecting comb profile types and recommended range for comb profile width b in connecting comb structures.

[0026] Working head P (m) Comb-shaped tooth profile type Recommended range (mm) for comb-shaped tooth profile width b. ＜30m Slanted straight type 20～100m Serrated 15~25mm 20～100m Equilateral triangle 15~25mm 80～200m Rectangular 15~30mm 80～200m Trapezoidal 20~50mm ＞180m Conjugate circular arc 15~30mm

[0027] (2) According to the structural form and size specifications of the comb tooth profile type, determine the equivalent adhesive cross-sectional area S of the connecting surface of the connecting comb structure, and obtain it according to formula (2).

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, S is the equivalent adhesive cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting surface of the connecting comb structure, and f(x,y) is the profile equation of the connecting surface of the connecting comb structure projected onto the xOy plane. x (x,y) is the partial derivative of the contour equation with respect to x, f y (x,y) represents the partial derivative of the profile equation with respect to y, D is the projection region of the profile equation f(x,y) onto the xOy plane, n is the number of comb-shaped teeth, and ζ i The aggregation coefficient is generated by the overlapping effect of the interlocking connection of the i-th comb tooth profile. The specific value of the aggregation coefficient should be determined through simulation calculation.

[0030] (3) The maximum tearing force F that the rubber water seal connecting comb structure can withstand is obtained through testing. max And calculate the allowable stress [σ′] of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure according to formula (3).

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, [σ′] represents the allowable stress at the rubber water seal connection comb structure, and F max S is the maximum tearing force that the rubber water seal connecting comb structure can withstand, S is the equivalent adhesive cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting comb structure, μ is the area correction coefficient caused by the stress concentration effect due to the tooth cross-sectional shape of the comb profile, the specific value of the area correction coefficient should be determined through simulation calculation, and η is the safety factor of the rubber water seal.

[0033] (4) Considering the allowable stress of the rubber water seal [σ] * The allowable stress [σ′] of the connecting comb structure is used to calculate the safety factor K of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure according to formula (4).

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, K is the safety factor for the performance of the rubber water seal connection comb structure, [σ * [σ] represents the allowable stress of the rubber water seal, and [σ′] represents the allowable stress of the connecting comb structure of the rubber water seal.

[0036] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the process of analyzing and comparing the sealing performance information of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure with the reliable sealing of the water seal of the hydraulic steel gate includes:

[0037] (1) Compare the calculated safety factor K of the rubber water seal connection comb structure with the allowable index of the reliable sealing performance of the gate water seal;

[0038] (2) Determine whether the safety factor K of the rubber water seal connection comb structure exceeds 0.9;

[0039] (3) Analyze the performance safety information of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure. If the performance safety factor K of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure exceeds 0.9, the performance of the reinforced rubber water seal connection of the connecting comb structure can meet the requirements of the gate sealing performance. Otherwise, there is a risk of the rubber water seal tearing and cracking, and corresponding early warning information is generated.

[0040] (4) If the safety factor K of the rubber water seal connection comb structure does not exceed 0.9, consider measures such as increasing the number of comb teeth n and changing the type of comb teeth to recalculate in order to meet the sealing requirements of the gate working head operation.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specifications and control steps of the connecting comb structure are as follows:

[0042] (1) The dimensions of the connecting comb structure must be IT7 grade or higher;

[0043] (2) The envelope volume of the water-sealed cavity section is controlled at -15 to -10% compression ratio;

[0044] (3) The surface roughness of the working surface is controlled above Ra12.6μm;

[0045] (4) Within a ±100mm adjacent area on both sides of the connecting comb structure, the cavity surface adopts a knurling process of m2 to m8 to enhance the rubber water seal support and clamping constraint requirements.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specification verification and element arrangement steps of the water seal clamping bolt are as follows:

[0047] (1) Considering the working water pressure P of the hydraulic steel gate, specify the diameter d (grade) of the single water seal clamping bolt and the spacing Δ of the arrangement elements according to Table 2. The bolt spacing of the connecting comb structure should be controlled within 50mm.

[0048] Table 2 Bolt Selection Rules

[0049]

[0050] Note: The bolt spacing in the connecting comb structure should be controlled within 50mm;

[0051] (2) Considering the sealing length L of the gate's rubber water seal, determine the number of bolts Z according to formula (5).

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, Z represents the number of rubber water seal clamping bolts, L represents the sealing enclosure length of the gate's rubber water seal, Δ represents the spacing between bolt arrangement elements, and int() is the floor function. To account for the bolt adjustment factor of the gate rubber water seal rotation angle, take 2 to 3;

[0054] (3) Considering the sliding friction resistance f of the hydraulic steel gate r The working water pressure P of the hydraulic steel gate is used to check the bearing capacity of the bolts according to formula (6).

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, N ν N is the average shear force borne by a single bolt. t The average tensile force borne by a single bolt, N ν b N represents the design value of the shear capacity of a single bolt. t b f is the design value of the tensile bearing capacity of a single bolt. r Let P be the sliding friction resistance of the hydraulic steel gate during operation, and K be the working water pressure of the hydraulic steel gate. f K is the reliability factor for friction connections, ranging from 1.1 to 1.3. p The tensile and compressive load bearing reliability factor is taken as 1.1 to 1.2, μ is the friction coefficient of the contact surface between the rubber part and the steel material, taken as 0.35 to 0.70, and m is the number of contact surfaces;

[0057] (4) If the bolt group cannot meet the conditions according to formula (6), consider adjusting the diameter d of the water seal clamping bolts (grade), the spacing Δ of the arrangement elements, etc., and recalculate to meet the requirements of the gate water seal pressure plate for the enveloping clamping and pre-tightening performance of the rubber water seal.

[0058] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for determining a rubber water seal device having a connecting comb structure.

[0059] Therefore, the above-mentioned objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0060] A method for determining a rubber water seal device with a connecting comb structure includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. Connecting comb structures are set at the joints at both ends of the rubber water seal, and are staggered and evenly distributed along the connecting surface. Multiple sets of comb tooth profiles of the same type are connected to form the connecting comb structure.

[0062] S2. Calculate the allowable stress [σ′] of the connecting comb structure at both ends of the rubber water seal, and compare and analyze the safety factor K of the connecting comb structure performance. Construct the structural elements for reliable sealing of the rubber water seal of the hydraulic steel gate. The structural elements include the comb tooth profile type, the number of comb teeth profile n, and the width of the comb teeth profile b.

[0063] S3. By controlling the size specifications to IT7 level or above, controlling the envelope volume to -15 to -10% compression rate, controlling the roughness to Ra12.6μm or above, and using the knurling process on the cavity surface m2 to m8 within a ±100mm adjacent range on both sides of the joint, the technical parameters of the connecting comb structure are controlled, which enhances the protection and clamping constraint of the rubber water seal.

[0064] S4. Considering the sliding friction resistance f of the hydraulic steel gate during operation r The working water pressure P of the hydraulic steel gate is verified according to the bearing capacity. The diameter d, specification (grade), spacing Δ, and quantity Z of the water seal clamping bolts are checked to meet the requirements of the gate water seal pressure plate and water seal pad for the enveloping clamping and pre-tightening performance of the rubber water seal.

[0065] S5. The water seal clamping bolts clamp the water seal pressure plate, rubber water seal, and water seal pad together and install them on the hydraulic steel gate to improve and strengthen the connection, enclosure, and sealing performance of the gate's rubber water seal connection.

[0066] This invention provides a rubber water seal device with a connecting comb structure and a method for determining its configuration. The connecting comb structure is installed at the connection surfaces at both ends of the rubber water seal. By calculating the allowable stress [σ′] of the connecting comb structure and comparing and analyzing its performance safety factor K, structural elements such as the comb tooth profile type, the number of comb teeth n, and the width of the comb teeth b are constructed. By controlling technical parameters, the technical parameters of the working surface of the connecting comb structure are controlled, enhancing the rubber water seal's support and clamping constraint. By calculating the bearing capacity of the water seal clamping bolts, the diameter d (grade), spacing Δ, and quantity Z of the water seal clamping bolts are determined to meet the requirements for the rubber water seal's envelope clamping and pre-tightening performance. This invention's rubber water seal device with a connecting comb structure can improve and strengthen the tear resistance of the rubber water seal connection parts, ensuring the connection enclosure and sealing performance of the gate water seal.

[0067] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: by increasing the equivalent adhesive cross-sectional area S of the rubber water seal connection surface through the connecting comb structure, the allowable stress [σ′] of the connecting comb structure is increased, the reliable connection performance of the extended connection part of the rubber water seal is improved and strengthened, and the combined effects of high water head conditions, complex fluid-structure coupling loads and the hyperelasticity of rubber water seal materials are overcome, ensuring reliable sealing of the gate, which has important practical engineering significance. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the connection comb technology for the rubber water seal of a hydraulic gate;

[0069] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0070] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of various comb-shaped tooth profile types of rubber water seals for hydraulic gates;

[0071] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the extended connection comb structure for the rubber water seal of a hydraulic gate;

[0072] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the straight butt bonding cross-sectional area [S] and the equivalent bonding cross-sectional area S;

[0073] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the knurled structure on the surface of the cavity enveloped by the padding and protective plate;

[0074] In the diagram: 1-Connecting comb structure, 2-Water seal pressure plate, 3-Water seal pad, 4-Rubber water seal, 5-Water seal clamping bolt, 111-Slanted straight comb tooth profile, 112-Sawtooth comb tooth profile, 113-Equilateral triangular comb tooth profile, 114-Rectangular comb tooth profile, 115-Trapezoidal comb tooth profile, 116-Conjugate circular arc comb tooth profile. Detailed Implementation

[0075] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0076] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a rubber water seal device with a connecting comb structure comprises a rubber water seal 4 with a connecting comb structure 1 and providing a sealing elastomer function, a water seal pressure plate 2 with the function of clamping the rubber water seal 4, a water seal pad 3 located directly below the rubber water seal 4 to support and clamp the rubber water seal 4, a hydraulic steel gate for installing the rubber water seal 4 to seal the working water pressure, a water seal clamping bolt 5 that clamps the water seal pressure plate 2, the rubber water seal 4, and the water seal pad 3 and is installed on the hydraulic steel gate, and control technical parameters of the connecting comb structure.

[0077] First, the structural technical parameters of the connecting comb structure are set according to the following steps:

[0078] (1) Arranged at the joint surfaces at both ends of the rubber water seal, and staggered and evenly distributed along the joint surfaces;

[0079] (2) Constructing structural elements such as the type of comb tooth profile, the number of comb tooth profiles n, and the width of comb tooth profile b of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure;

[0080] (3) Composed of multiple sets of comb-shaped tooth profiles of the same type.

[0081] The comb-shaped tooth profile types clearly define the various comb-shaped tooth profile types of rubber water seal connectors, including oblique straight type, sawtooth type, equilateral triangular type, rectangular type, trapezoidal type, and conjugate circular arc type. Their geometric structural shapes include:

[0082] (1) An oblique-straight butt joint section with an angle of 30 to 150° to the axis of the rubber water seal forms an oblique-straight staggered joint;

[0083] (2) A sawtooth-shaped interlocking connector is formed by a sawtooth cross section (a sawtooth with a base angle of α = 30° and β = 3°).

[0084] (3) A triangular interlocking connector is formed by a triangular tooth cross section (base angle α = 30~70°);

[0085] (4) A rectangular tooth cross section (length-to-width ratio 0.25-0.5) forms a rectangular interlocking connector;

[0086] (5) A trapezoidal staggered connector is formed by the trapezoidal tooth cross section (base angle α = 60~80°);

[0087] (6) The interlaced semi-circular tooth cross sections with continuous concave and convex conjugates form an interlaced arc connector.

[0088] The specific steps for constructing the structural elements of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure, including the comb tooth profile type, the number of comb teeth n, and the comb tooth profile width b, are as follows:

[0089] (1) Considering the working head P of the gate, the comb tooth profile type and comb tooth profile width b of the connecting comb structure are initially selected according to Table 1, and the number of comb tooth profiles n is obtained by calculation through formula (1).

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, b is the width of the comb tooth profile of the connecting comb structure, int() is the floor function, W is the width of the rubber water seal, and n is the number of comb teeth.

[0092] Table 1. Rules for selecting comb profile types and recommended range for comb profile width b in connecting comb structures.

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] like Figure 5 As shown, according to the structural form and size specifications of the comb tooth profile type, the equivalent adhesive cross-sectional area S of the connecting surface of the connecting comb structure is determined and obtained according to formula (2).

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, S is the equivalent adhesive cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting surface of the connecting comb structure, and f(x,y) is the profile equation of the connecting surface of the connecting comb structure projected onto the xOy plane. x (x,y) is the partial derivative of the contour equation with respect to x, f y (x,y) represents the partial derivative of the profile equation with respect to y, D is the projection region of the profile equation f(x,y) onto the xOy plane, n is the number of comb-shaped teeth, and ζ i The aggregation coefficient is generated by the overlapping effect of the interlocking connection of the i-th comb tooth profile. The specific value of the aggregation coefficient should be determined through simulation calculation.

[0098] (3) The maximum tearing force F that the rubber water seal connecting comb structure can withstand is obtained through testing. max And calculate the allowable stress [σ′] of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure according to formula (3).

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, [σ′] represents the allowable stress at the rubber water seal connection comb structure, and F max S is the maximum tearing force that the rubber water seal connecting comb structure can withstand, S is the equivalent adhesive cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting comb structure, μ is the area correction coefficient caused by the stress concentration effect due to the tooth cross-sectional shape of the comb profile, the specific value of the area correction coefficient should be determined through simulation calculation, and η is the safety factor of the rubber water seal.

[0101] (4) Considering the allowable stress of the rubber water seal [σ] * The allowable stress [σ′] of the connecting comb structure is used to calculate the safety factor K of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure according to formula (4).

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, K is the safety factor for the performance of the rubber water seal connection comb structure, [σ * [σ] represents the allowable stress of the rubber water seal, and [σ′] represents the allowable stress of the connecting comb structure of the rubber water seal.

[0104] The process of analyzing and comparing the sealing performance information of the rubber water seal connection comb structure with the reliable sealing information of the water seal of the hydraulic steel gate includes:

[0105] (1) Compare the calculated safety factor K of the rubber water seal connection comb structure with the allowable index of the reliable sealing performance of the gate water seal;

[0106] (2) Determine whether the safety factor K of the rubber water seal connection comb structure exceeds 0.9;

[0107] (3) Analyze the performance safety information of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure. If the performance safety factor K of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure exceeds 0.9, the performance of the reinforced rubber water seal connection of the connecting comb structure can meet the requirements of the gate sealing performance. Otherwise, there is a risk of the rubber water seal tearing and cracking, and corresponding early warning information is generated.

[0108] (4) If the safety factor K of the rubber water seal connection comb structure does not exceed 0.9, consider measures such as increasing the number of comb teeth n and changing the type of comb teeth to recalculate in order to meet the sealing requirements of the gate working head operation.

[0109] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the technical parameters of the working surface of the connecting comb structure are controlled by controlling the technical parameters. The requirements include:

[0110] (1) The dimensions of the connecting comb structure must be IT7 grade or higher;

[0111] (2) The envelope volume of the water-sealed cavity section is controlled at -15 to -10% compression ratio;

[0112] (3) The surface roughness of the working surface is controlled above Ra12.6μm;

[0113] (4) Within a ±100mm adjacent area on both sides of the connecting comb structure, the cavity surface adopts a knurling process of m2 to m8 to enhance the rubber water seal support and clamping constraint requirements.

[0114] Furthermore, the specifications and arrangement of the water seal clamping bolts are verified according to the following steps:

[0115] (1) Considering the working water pressure P of the hydraulic steel gate, specify the diameter d (grade) of the single water seal clamping bolt and the spacing Δ of the arrangement elements according to Table 2. The bolt spacing of the connecting comb structure should be controlled within 50mm.

[0116] Table 2 Bolt Selection Rules

[0117]

[0118] Note: The bolt spacing in the connecting comb structure should be controlled within 50mm;

[0119] (2) Considering the sealing length L of the gate's rubber water seal, determine the number of bolts Z according to formula (5).

[0120]

[0121] In the formula, Z represents the number of rubber water seal clamping bolts, L represents the sealing enclosure length of the gate's rubber water seal, Δ represents the spacing between bolt arrangement elements, and int() is the floor function. To account for the bolt adjustment factor of the gate rubber water seal rotation angle, take 2 to 3;

[0122] (3) Considering the sliding friction resistance f of the hydraulic steel gate r The working water pressure P of the hydraulic steel gate is used to check the bearing capacity of the bolts according to formula (6).

[0123]

[0124] In the formula, N ν N is the average shear force borne by a single bolt. t The average tensile force borne by a single bolt, N ν b N represents the design value of the shear capacity of a single bolt. t b f is the design value of the tensile bearing capacity of a single bolt. r Let P be the sliding friction resistance of the hydraulic steel gate during operation, and K be the working water pressure of the hydraulic steel gate. f K is the reliability factor for friction connections, ranging from 1.1 to 1.3. p The tensile and compressive load bearing reliability factor is taken as 1.1 to 1.2, μ is the friction coefficient of the contact surface between the rubber part and the steel material, taken as 0.35 to 0.70, and m is the number of contact surfaces;

[0125] (4) If the bolt group cannot meet the conditions according to formula (6), consider adjusting the diameter d of the water seal clamping bolts (grade), the spacing Δ of the arrangement elements, etc., and recalculate to meet the requirements of the gate water seal pressure plate for the enveloping clamping and pre-tightening performance of the rubber water seal.

[0126] The present invention also provides a method for determining a rubber water seal device having a connecting comb structure, comprising the following steps:

[0127] S1. Connecting comb structures are set at the joints at both ends of the rubber water seal, and are staggered and evenly distributed along the connecting surface. Multiple sets of comb tooth profiles of the same type are connected to form the connecting comb structure.

[0128] S2. Calculate the allowable stress [σ′] of the connecting comb structure at both ends of the rubber water seal, and compare and analyze the safety factor K of the connecting comb structure performance. Construct the structural elements for reliable sealing of the rubber water seal of the hydraulic steel gate. The structural elements include the comb tooth profile type, the number of comb teeth profile n, and the width of the comb teeth profile b.

[0129] S3. By controlling the size specifications to IT7 level or above, controlling the envelope volume to -15 to -10% compression rate, controlling the roughness to Ra12.6μm or above, and using the knurling process on the cavity surface m2 to m8 within a ±100mm adjacent range on both sides of the joint, the technical parameters of the connecting comb structure are controlled, which enhances the protection and clamping constraint of the rubber water seal.

[0130] S4. Considering the sliding friction resistance f of the hydraulic steel gate during operation r The working water pressure P of the hydraulic steel gate is verified according to the bearing capacity. The diameter d, specification (grade), spacing Δ, and quantity Z of the water seal clamping bolts are checked to meet the requirements of the gate water seal pressure plate and water seal pad for the enveloping clamping and pre-tightening performance of the rubber water seal.

[0131] S5. The water seal clamping bolts clamp the water seal pressure plate, rubber water seal, and water seal pad together and install them on the hydraulic steel gate to improve and strengthen the connection, enclosure, and sealing performance of the gate's rubber water seal connection.

[0132] The above specific embodiments are used to explain and illustrate the present invention, and are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made to the present invention within the spirit and scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rubber water seal device with a connecting comb structure, characterized in that: This includes water seal pressure plate, rubber water seal, water seal pad, water seal clamping bolt, and hydraulic steel gate; The rubber water seal is located directly below the water seal pressure plate. The rubber water seal is used to provide an elastomer seal. A connecting comb structure is provided at the connection surface between two adjacent rubber water seals. The water seal pad is located directly below the rubber water seal, and the water seal pad is used to support and hold the rubber water seal. The water seal clamping bolt passes through the water seal pressure plate, the rubber water seal, and the water seal pad, thereby achieving the clamping of the rubber water seal by the water seal pressure plate and the water seal pad, and fixing the water seal pressure plate, the rubber water seal, and the water seal pad to the hydraulic steel gate. The structural technical parameters of the connecting comb structure are set according to the following steps: (1) Arranged at the joint surfaces at both ends of the rubber water seal, and staggered and evenly distributed along the joint surfaces; (2) Structural elements for constructing the rubber water seal connecting comb structure, the structural elements including comb tooth profile type, number of comb tooth profiles n, and comb tooth profile width b; (3) Composed of multiple sets of comb-shaped tooth profiles of the same type; The specific steps for constructing the structural elements of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure are as follows: (1) Considering the working head P of the gate, the comb tooth profile type and comb tooth profile width b of the connecting comb structure are initially selected according to Table 1, and the number of comb tooth profiles n is obtained by calculation through formula (1). In the formula, b is the width of the comb tooth profile of the connecting comb structure, int() is the floor function, W is the width of the rubber water seal, and n is the number of comb teeth. Table 1. Rules for selecting comb profile types and recommended range for comb profile width b in connecting comb structures. (2) According to the structural form and size specifications of the comb tooth profile type, determine the equivalent adhesive cross-sectional area S of the connecting surface of the connecting comb structure, and obtain it according to formula (2). In the formula, S is the equivalent adhesive cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting surface of the connecting comb structure, and f(x,y) is the profile equation of the connecting surface of the connecting comb structure projected onto the xOy plane. x (x,y) is the partial derivative of the contour equation with respect to x, f y (x,y) represents the partial derivative of the profile equation with respect to y, D is the projection region of the profile equation f(x,y) onto the xOy plane, n is the number of comb-shaped teeth, and ζ i The aggregation coefficient is generated by the interlocking and overlapping effect of the i-th comb tooth profile. The specific value of the aggregation coefficient should be determined through simulation calculation. (3) The maximum tearing force F that the rubber water seal connecting comb structure can withstand is obtained through testing. max And calculate the allowable stress [σ′] of the rubber water seal connection comb structure according to formula (3). In the formula, [σ′] represents the allowable stress at the comb structure of the rubber water seal connection, and F max S is the maximum tearing force that the rubber water seal connecting comb structure can withstand, S is the equivalent adhesive cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting comb structure, μ is the area correction coefficient caused by the stress concentration effect due to the tooth cross-sectional shape of the comb profile, the specific value of the area correction coefficient should be determined through simulation calculation, and η is the safety factor of the rubber water seal. (4) Considering the allowable stress of the rubber water seal [σ] * The allowable stress [σ′] of the connecting comb structure is used to calculate the safety factor K of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure according to formula (4). In the formula, K is the safety factor for the performance of the rubber water seal connection comb structure, [σ * [σ] represents the allowable stress of the rubber water seal, and [σ′] represents the allowable stress of the connecting comb structure of the rubber water seal.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comb-shaped tooth profile types of rubber water seal connectors, including oblique straight type, sawtooth type, equilateral triangular type, rectangular type, trapezoidal type, and conjugate circular arc type, are clearly defined, and their geometric shapes include: (1) An oblique-straight butt joint section with an angle of 30 to 150° to the axis of the rubber water seal forms an oblique-straight staggered joint; (2) A sawtooth-shaped interlocking connector is formed by a sawtooth cross section with a bottom angle of α = 30° and β = 3°. (3) A triangular interlocking connector is formed by a triangular tooth cross section with a base angle α = 30-70°; (4) A rectangular toothed cross section with a length-to-width ratio of 0.25 to 0.5 forms a rectangular interlocking connector; (5) A trapezoidal staggered connector is formed by a trapezoidal tooth cross section with a base angle α = 60-80°; (6) The interlaced semi-circular tooth cross sections with continuous concave and convex conjugates form an interlaced arc connector.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of analyzing and comparing the sealing performance information of the rubber water seal connection comb structure with the reliable sealing information of the water seal of the hydraulic steel gate includes: (1) Compare the calculated safety factor K of the rubber water seal connection comb structure with the allowable index of the reliable sealing performance of the gate water seal; (2) Determine whether the safety factor K of the rubber water seal connection comb structure exceeds 0.9; (3) Analyze the performance safety information of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure. If the performance safety factor K of the rubber water seal connecting comb structure exceeds 0.9, the performance of the reinforced rubber water seal connection of the connecting comb structure can meet the requirements of the gate sealing performance. Otherwise, there is a risk of the rubber water seal tearing and cracking, and corresponding early warning information is generated. (4) If the safety factor K of the rubber water seal connection comb structure does not exceed 0.9, consider increasing the number of comb teeth n and changing the type of comb teeth to recalculate in order to meet the sealing requirements of the gate working head operation.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specifications and control steps of the connecting comb structure are as follows: (1) The dimensions of the connecting comb structure must be IT7 grade or higher; (2) The envelope volume of the water-sealed cavity section is controlled at -15 to -10% compression ratio; (3) The surface roughness of the working surface is controlled above Ra12.6μm; (4) Within a ±100mm adjacent area on both sides of the connecting comb structure, the cavity surface adopts a knurling process of m2 to m8 to enhance the rubber water seal support and clamping constraint requirements.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specifications verification and element arrangement steps for the water seal clamping bolts are as follows: (1) Considering the working water pressure P of the hydraulic steel gate, specify the diameter d of the single water seal clamping bolt and the spacing Δ of the arrangement elements according to Table 2. The bolt spacing of the connecting comb structure should be controlled within 50mm. Table 2 Bolt Selection Rules Note: The bolt spacing in the connecting comb structure should be controlled within 50mm; (2) Considering the sealing length L of the gate's rubber water seal, determine the number of bolts Z according to formula (5). In the formula, Z represents the number of rubber water seal clamping bolts, L represents the sealing enclosure length of the gate's rubber water seal, Δ represents the spacing between bolt arrangement elements, and int() is the floor function. To account for the bolt adjustment factor of the gate rubber water seal rotation angle, take 2 to 3; (3) Considering the sliding friction resistance f of the hydraulic steel gate r The working water pressure P of the hydraulic steel gate is used to check the bearing capacity of the bolts according to formula (6). In the formula, N ν N is the average shear force borne by a single bolt. t The average tensile force borne by a single bolt, N ν b N represents the design value of the shear capacity of a single bolt. t b f is the design value of the tensile bearing capacity of a single bolt. r Let P be the sliding friction resistance of the hydraulic steel gate during operation, and K be the working water pressure of the hydraulic steel gate. f K is the reliability factor for friction connections, ranging from 1.1 to 1.

3. p The tensile and compressive load bearing reliability factor is taken as 1.1 to 1.2, μ is the friction coefficient of the contact surface between the rubber part and the steel material, taken as 0.35 to 0.70, and m is the number of contact surfaces; (4) If the bolt group cannot meet the conditions according to formula (6), consider adjusting the diameter d of the water seal clamping bolt and the spacing Δ of the arrangement elements and recalculate to meet the requirements of the gate water seal pressure plate for the enveloping clamping and pre-tightening performance of the rubber water seal.

6. The method for determining a rubber water seal device with a connecting comb structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1. Connecting comb structures are set at the joints at both ends of the rubber water seal, and are staggered and evenly distributed along the connecting surface. Multiple sets of comb tooth profiles of the same type are connected to form the connecting comb structure. S2. Calculate the allowable stress [σ′] of the connecting comb structure at both ends of the rubber water seal, and compare and analyze the safety factor K of the connecting comb structure performance. Construct the structural elements for reliable sealing of the rubber water seal of the hydraulic steel gate. The structural elements include the comb tooth profile type, the number of comb teeth profile n, and the width of the comb teeth profile b. S3. By controlling the size specifications to IT7 level or above, controlling the envelope volume to -15 to -10% compression rate, controlling the roughness to Ra12.6μm or above, and using the knurling process on the cavity surface m2 to m8 within a ±100mm adjacent range on both sides of the joint, the technical parameters of the connecting comb structure are controlled, which enhances the protection and clamping constraint of the rubber water seal. S4. Considering the sliding friction resistance f of the hydraulic steel gate during operation r The working water pressure P of the hydraulic steel gate is verified according to the bearing capacity. The diameter d of the water seal clamping bolts, the spacing Δ of the arrangement elements, and the quantity Z are verified to meet the requirements of the gate water seal pressure plate and water seal pad for the enveloping clamping and pre-tightening performance of the rubber water seal. S5. The water seal clamping bolts clamp the water seal pressure plate, rubber water seal, and water seal pad together and install them on the hydraulic steel gate to improve and strengthen the connection, enclosure, and sealing performance of the gate's rubber water seal connection.

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