Friction partner for drum brake device of vehicle, in particular of commercial vehicle, having dust collection means, drum brake device, vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a friction partner of a drum brake device with a dust collection mechanism of a vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle, a drum brake device and a vehicle. Wherein the friction partner (100) has a friction body (105) for contacting a second friction body (115) of the second friction partner (110), the friction body (105) has a structured recess system (108); the recess system (108) is designed to generate an air flow (F) in a relative rotational movement (R) of the friction partner (100) with respect to the second friction partner (110) for the directional transport of the brake particles (120) to the dust collection means (220).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a friction partner of a drum brake device with a dust collection mechanism for a vehicle, especially a commercial vehicle. The present disclosure also relates to a drum brake device for a vehicle, especially a commercial vehicle, and a vehicle, especially a commercial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Vehicles, in particular commercial vehicles, are also referred to below as vehicles.

[0003] Drum brakes of the type mentioned above are known and are used in vehicles as friction brakes for decelerating the movement of the vehicle. Friction brakes operate according to the friction principle. Here, a brake lining and a brake drum are brought into frictional contact in order to produce a braking effect on the vehicle. Due to the friction between the brake lining and the brake drum, wear on the friction material of the brake lining and on the brake drum is produced, i.e. brake dust, which is also referred to as friction particles, brake dust particles and / or brake particles. Brake dust particles are dust particles, so-called fine dust, in the order of, for example, less than 10 µm, which can be classified as a health hazard and an environmental pollutant due to their very small particle size and their chemical composition. Therefore, it is undesirable to discharge fine dust into the environment. It is therefore generally of interest to design the disc brake so that the discharge of fine dust generated during the braking process into the environment is prevented as much as possible.

[0004] It is known for drum brakes to use an air flow for better cooling and also for guiding brake particles.

[0005] DE 10 2021 204 132 A1 discloses a drum brake for a motor vehicle, comprising a brake drum and an anchor plate. The brake drum and the anchor plate form a housing, wherein at least one air gap is formed between the anchor plate and the brake drum. A magnetic ring surrounds the outer circumference of the housing, wherein the magnetic ring is oriented relative to the air gap such that a particle flow with brake particles reaches the magnetic field of the magnetic ring from the interior of the housing.

[0006] However, the arrangement of the magnetic ring is complicated. The collection of brake particles by means of a magnetic field can only be achieved with materials having specific magnetic properties and can therefore only function with suitable brake linings.

[0007] It is also known to cool drum brakes and / or to enable an estimation and / or influencing of wear by means of grooves.

[0008] DE 4 036 908 A1 discloses a groove design. In order to reduce temperatures and wear when actuating friction linings, it is proposed that these linings be provided with grooves which are designed such that they extend from the front edge of the friction lining tapering approximately in the direction of rotation.

[0009] DE 196 48 908 A1 discloses a brake drum for a drum brake having a friction surface extending about a brake drum axis, wherein the friction surface is provided with at least one groove having an inherently closed groove course and extending in the circumferential direction over the entire extent of the friction surface.

[0010] EP 0 486 772 B1 discloses a groove design. In order to reduce temperatures and wear when actuating friction linings, it is proposed that these linings be provided with grooves which are designed such that they extend from the front edge of the friction lining tapering approximately in the direction of rotation.

[0011] In any case, it is aimed at ensuring that brake particles accumulated during friction and therefore wear are not released into the environment during operation of the vehicle as far as possible. Summary of the invention

[0012] The object of the present disclosure is to enrich the prior art and improve various aspects of the prior art. In particular, the present disclosure solves the object of enabling efficient and simple collection of brake particles of drum brakes.

[0013] This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and by the subject matter according to the further independent claims. The dependent claims describe developments of the disclosure.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a friction partner of a drum brake device with a dust collection mechanism for a vehicle, especially a commercial vehicle, is provided; wherein the friction partner has a friction body, which is used to contact a second friction body of a second friction partner; the friction body has a structured recess system; and the recess system is designed to generate an air flow for directed transport of brake particles to the dust collection mechanism during the relative rotational movement of the friction partner relative to the second friction partner.

[0015] It is recognized that a dust collecting device can be provided to avoid the accumulation of brake particles in the brake drum and at the same time avoid discharge into the environment, and can collect and / or discharge the brake particles in a targeted manner. It is also recognized that an air flow or a fluid flow can be induced, which can guide the brake particles in a directional manner and can guide them to the dust collecting device.

[0016] For this purpose, a specific system of recesses or groove geometries is provided, similar to the technology of hydrodynamic air bearings and / or spiral groove bearings, in particular so-called Heringbone bearings. In such bearings, an air flow is generated due to the groove geometry, which enables the rotor to be lifted at a sufficient rotation (lifting speed) and to travel on the air buffer. That is, a directed fluid flow is generated by the rotational movement, which generates a pressure force that bears on the rotor. According to the present disclosure, this basic concept is applied to drum brakes.

[0017] The core of the present disclosure is therefore to apply a geometric shape as a structured depression system to the friction surface of a friction partner in order to generate a fluid flow in the brake drum during the relative rotational movement between the friction partner and a second friction partner. In a drum brake, the fluid flow ensures that brake particles can be guided to a collecting device.

[0018] Therefore, magnets and active suction systems are therefore not necessary. Only through the directional fluid flow can it be achieved that the brake particles are directed to the fixed dust collection device in a targeted manner.

[0019] Optionally, the recess system comprises a plurality of eccentrically arranged spiral grooves. Here, a spiral groove refers to a groove or a recess of at least partially helical construction, i.e. a recess having a curvature that varies along its contour. The spiral groove is wound around an assumed spiral center point. The eccentric arrangement of the spiral groove means that the assumed spiral center point is arranged outside the friction body. It is recognized here that the spiral groove geometry can be applied eccentrically in order to be able to guide the fluid flow into the desired pumping direction and to ensure that brake particles are not guided to the friction body and thus clog the recess system. Thus, it is possible to support the guidance of the fluid flow and thus the brake particles into the dust collection mechanism.

[0020] Optionally, the drum brake device defines an axis and the recess system comprises a plurality of grooves inclined relative to the axis. Here, the grooves may be straight and / or curved. Here, the axis may be the axis of rotation of a brake drum of the drum brake device. Due to the inclination of the grooves relative to the axis, a fluid flow may be generated.

[0021] Optionally, the friction partner is a brake lining. It is recognized that the structured depression system can be introduced into the brake lining as one of the friction partners. When driving, the brake drum rotates and thus a relative rotational movement is generated between the brake lining and the brake drum, so that an air flow can be generated.

[0022] Optionally, the recess system has a depth which corresponds at least to the thickness of the brake lining. In this case, the thickness of the brake lining is the radial extent of the friction body. Alternatively, the thickness of the brake lining is less than the radial extent of the friction body and defines a possible and / or permissible material removal due to wear of the brake lining. For example, the depth of the recess system can be in the range of 1 mm to 5 mm in order to enable wear of the brake lining, wherein an air flow can still be generated despite the wear.

[0023] Optionally, the friction partner is a brake drum. It is recognized that the structured depression system can be introduced into the brake drum as one of the friction partners. When driving, the brake drum rotates and thus a relative rotational movement is generated between the brake lining and the brake drum, so that an air flow can be generated.

[0024] Optionally, the depression system has a depth of up to 0.5 cm. It is recognized that a smaller depth may be sufficient, since the material removal of the brake drum due to wear is usually lower than the material removal of the brake lining.

[0025] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a drum brake device for a vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle, is provided. The drum brake device comprises the above-mentioned friction partner, a second friction partner and a dust collection mechanism. Here, the friction partner may have one or more features described above as optional and / or advantageous, so as to produce relevant technical effects.

[0026] Optionally, the drum brake device has an anchor plate and a surrounding seal, which is used to seal the brake drum relative to the anchor plate, and the seal and / or the anchor plate have at least one ventilation opening. It is recognized here that the targeted ventilation achieved by the ventilation mechanism can improve the air flow, the generation of the air flow or the deflection of the air flow. The seal and / or the anchor plate and the dust collection mechanism are static components of the drum brake device. Therefore, the arrangement of the ventilation opening and the dust collection mechanism can define: how the air flow for transporting brake particles to the dust collection mechanism is directed. Therefore, the arrangement can define the requirements for the geometry of the recessed part system. In order to prevent the discharge of brake dust, the brake drum is sealed relative to the anchor plate using a surrounding seal. In order to still achieve fluid flow, ventilation openings are arranged in the seal and / or the anchor plate, which, for example, have an extension size of 3 cm in the peripheral direction. Air can be sucked in through the ventilation openings. The openings and the generated fluid flow also have a cooling effect. In drum brakes, especially in encapsulated brakes, thermal loads may be a problem and can be reduced by ventilation.

[0027] Optionally, at least one ventilation opening is arranged in an upper region of the drum brake device in the installed state; the dust collection device is arranged in a lower region of the drum brake device in the installed state; and the dust collection device is arranged so that the brake particles are transported to the dust collection device by the air flow. The ventilation opening can be arranged in the upper half of the brake drum, so that the dust collection device can be arranged on the bottom side. The brake particles can be transported in the dust collection device in a gravity-supported manner and collected there and / or discharged in a collected manner.

[0028] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle, is provided, which includes the drum brake device described above. Here, the drum brake device can have one or more features described above as optional and / or advantageous, so as to produce relevant technical effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Additional features of the present disclosure and its technical effects are obtained from the drawings and the description of the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle, according to one aspect of the present disclosure is shown;

[0031] Figure 2 A perspective view showing components of a drum brake device according to one aspect of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 3 A perspective view showing a brake lining of a drum brake device according to one aspect of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic top view of a brake lining of a drum brake device according to one aspect of the present disclosure is shown; and

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic top view of a brake lining of a drum brake device according to one aspect of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a vehicle 200a, in particular a commercial vehicle 200b, according to one aspect of the present disclosure is shown. The vehicle 200a, in particular the commercial vehicle 200b, is subsequently referred to as the vehicle 200a, 200b. The vehicle 200a, 200b is a land vehicle, such as a tractor and / or trailer of a multi-section vehicle, a single-section vehicle and / or a bus.

[0036] The illustration of the vehicles 200a, 200b is limited to the components that are important to the present disclosure, wherein it should be understood that in addition to the components shown, the vehicles 200a, 200b also have further components required for the operation of the vehicles 200a, 200b, such as drive trains, chassis and / or bodies. In order to reproduce the disclosure, the illustration of these components is omitted.

[0037] The vehicles 200a, 200b have a drum brake device 210 for decelerating the movement of the vehicles 200a, 200b. The vehicles 200a, 200b optionally have a pneumatic system (not shown) designed to charge the optional pneumatic and / or electropneumatic drum brake device 210 with compressed air for actuating the drum brake device 210. Alternatively or additionally, the drum brake device 210 can be hydraulically and / or electromechanically actuated.

[0038] The drum brake device 210 includes the friction partner 100 , the second friction partner 110 , a dust collecting device 220 , an anchor plate 103 and a surrounding seal 215 .

[0039] exist Figure 1 and Figures 3 to 5 In FIG. 1 , the friction partner 100 is one of the two brake linings 101 and the second friction partner 110 is the brake drum 102 . Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the friction partner 100 is a brake drum and the second friction partner 110 is one of the two brake linings 101 .

[0040] The brake drum 102 is designed to be used around the cross and Figure 1 The brake drum 102 is rotated about the axis A extending into the image plane. For this purpose, the brake drum 102 is arranged on the wheel hub 205 so as to be rotatable about the axis A. The brake lining 101 is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner. For example, the brake lining 101 is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner and movable for actuation on the anchor plate 103. Thus, during the movement of the vehicles 200a, 200b, a rotation of the brake drum 102 is generated, and thus a relative rotational movement R between the brake drum 102 and the brake lining 101 is generated.

[0041] Drum brake device 210 is designed to press brake lining 101 against brake drum 102 during actuation, so as to achieve a braking effect through contact between brake lining 101 and brake drum 102, i.e., contact between friction partners 100, 101. In this case, brake particles 120 are released from brake lining 101 and brake drum 102.

[0042] In order to collect and optionally discharge the brake particles 120, the drum brake device 210 has a dust collecting device 220. The dust collecting device 220 is arranged in a rotationally fixed or stationary manner in the brake drum 102. For example, the dust collecting device 220 is fastened to the anchor plate 103.

[0043] The seal 215 is arranged on the periphery and is designed to space the brake drum 102 relative to the anchor plate 103 in order to prevent the escape of brake particles 120 between the brake drum 102 and the anchor plate 103. In this case, the anchor plate 103 and the brake drum 102 can each have a radially outer section (in particular, a radially outer section) with the same radius. Figure 1 In the schematic diagram of FIG. 1 , the brake drum 102 is shown with a smaller radius than the anchor plate 103 for illustration purposes only). The seal 215 is arranged between the anchor plate 103 and a particularly radially outer section of the brake drum 102 .

[0044] The friction partner 100 has a friction body 105 (see also Figures 3 to 5 ), for contacting a second friction body 115 of the second friction partner 110. The friction body 105 of one of the brake linings 101 is here a portion of the brake lining 101 that is provided for wear, i.e. a radially outer section of the corresponding brake lining 101. The second friction body 115 of the brake drum 102 is a portion of the brake drum 102 that is provided for contacting the brake lining 101, i.e. a radially inner section of the peripheral side of the brake drum 102.

[0045] The friction body 105 has a structured depression system 108 (see Figures 2 to 5 ). The recess system 108 is designed to generate an air flow F (see the arrow with dashed lines) during the relative rotational movement R for the purpose of directed transport of the brake particles 120 to the dust collecting device 220. For this purpose, the dust collecting device 220 can be arranged so that the dust collecting device 220 protrudes between the brake linings 101 in the radial direction and / or has a branching section (not shown) for branching off a part of the air flow F that can be guided into the dust collecting device 220. For this purpose, the dust collecting device 220 and / or the branching section can optionally protrude in the radial direction between the brake lining 101 and the brake drum 102.

[0046] Structured recess system 108 is a means of recesses, for example milled into friction body 105 . Structured recess system 108 is designed to generate and guide air flow F during relative rotational movement R. Air flow F has a mass flow or volume flow in order to be able to transport brake particles 120 .

[0047] The seal 215 and / or the anchor plate 103 have a plurality of ventilation openings 216 arranged at the periphery. Thus, air can be sucked in from the environment of the drum brake device 210 through the ventilation openings 216. The sucked in air is set in motion by the relative rotational movement R and enables the transport of the brake particles 120 to the dust collecting mechanism 220. The dust collecting mechanism 220 can form an output for the air flow F from the brake drum 103. The air flow F can be filtered in the dust collecting mechanism 220 and the brake particles 120 can thus be collected. The dust collecting mechanism 220 is arranged such that the brake particles 120 are transported to the dust collecting mechanism 220 by the air flow F.

[0048] The ventilation opening 216 is arranged in the upper region 211 of the drum brake device 210 in the installed state. In particular, the ventilation opening 216 is arranged on and above a plane with the wheel hub 205 , which can counteract the escape of brake particles 120 .

[0049] The dust collecting mechanism 220 is arranged in the lower region 212 of the drum brake device 210 in the installed state. In particular, the dust collecting mechanism 220 is arranged below the wheel hub 205, which may be conducive to the transportation of the brake particles 120 to the dust collecting mechanism 200 supported by gravity.

[0050] Figure 2 1 shows a perspective view of components of a drum brake device 210 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. Figure 2 The drum brake device 210 is Figure 1 One embodiment of a drum brake device 210 is shown. Figure 2 refer to Figure 1 Give a description.

[0051] In this case, the friction partner 100 is a brake drum 102 . In other words, the brake drum 102 has a friction body 105 with a structured depression system 108 .

[0052] The depression system 108 has a depth T of up to 0.5 cm. The depth T is the distance between a radially inner reference surface of the brake drum 102 and a radially outer section of the brake drum 102 which defines the depression system 108. The radially inner reference surface is the contact surface at which the friction body 105 of the brake drum 102 is in contact with the brake lining 101.

[0053] Figure 3 1 shows a perspective view of a brake lining 101 of a drum brake device 210 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. Figure 3 The brake lining 101 is Figure 2 An alternative embodiment of a brake lining 101 is shown. Figure 3 refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2Give a description.

[0054] The friction partner 100 is a brake lining 101 . In other words, the brake lining 101 has a friction body 105 with a structured depression system 108 .

[0055] The friction body 105 is in particular a part of the brake lining 101 that is designed to wear. The friction body 105 has a thickness S, ie a radial dimension of the brake lining 101, in which the brake lining 101 is designed to wear. The recess system 108 has a depth T that corresponds at least to the thickness S of the brake lining 101.

[0056] Figure 4 A schematic top view of a brake lining 101 of a drum brake device 210 according to one aspect of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4 is based on Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a brake lining 101 . Figure 4 refer to Figures 1 to 3 Give a description.

[0057] The drum brake device 210 defines an axis A, and the brake lining 101 defines a center M. The center M is an axis of symmetry of the brake lining 101 and is arranged perpendicular to the axis A, for example.

[0058] The recess system 108 comprises a plurality of grooves 108a which are inclined relative to the axis A and / or relative to the center M. The inclination of the grooves 108a defines the pumping direction of the air flow F. The grooves 108a can be inclined so that the air flow F is directed away from the end side of the brake drum 103 facing away from the vehicle and / or toward the interior of the brake drum 103. Thus, the air flow F can be effectively conveyed to the dust collection mechanism 220.

[0059] In further embodiments, the brake drum 101 may have a friction body 105 having such a depression system 108 .

[0060] Figure 5 A schematic top view of a brake lining 101 of a drum brake device 210 according to one aspect of the present disclosure is shown.

[0061] The recess system 108 comprises a plurality of eccentrically arranged spiral grooves 108b. The spiral grooves 108b have a varying curvature along their profile, i.e., for example, along the axis A. The spiral grooves 108b, which are segments of a spiral, can be arranged so that the air flow F is directed away from the end side of the brake drum 103 facing away from the vehicle and / or toward the interior of the brake drum 103. Thus, the air flow F can be effectively conveyed to the dust collection mechanism 220.

[0062] In further embodiments, the brake drum 101 may have a friction body 105 having such a depression system 108 .

[0063] In other embodiments, it is possible that the two friction bodies 105, 115 or the brake drum 103 and the brake lining 102 have Figures 1 to 5 A structured recess system 108 is depicted.

[0064] List of reference numerals (part of the description)

[0065] 100 Friction matching parts

[0066] 101 brake lining

[0067] 102 brake drum

[0068] 103 Anchor Plate

[0069] 105 Friction body

[0070] 108 Depression System

[0071] 108a slot

[0072] 108b spiral groove

[0073] 110 second friction partner

[0074] 115 second friction body

[0075] 120 brake particles

[0076] 200a Vehicle

[0077] 200b Commercial Vehicle

[0078] 205 wheel hub

[0079] 210 drum brake

[0080] Area above 211

[0081] 212 Lower area

[0082] 215 seals

[0083] 216 ventilation openings

[0084] 220 dust collection mechanism

[0085] A axis

[0086] F Air Flow

[0087] M Center

[0088] R relative rotational motion

[0089] SThickness

[0090] T Depth

Claims

1. A friction partner (100) of a drum brake system (210) having a dust collection device (220) of a vehicle (200a), in particular a commercial vehicle (200b); wherein: The friction partner (100) has a friction body (105) which is used to contact a second friction body (115) of a second friction partner (110); - the friction body (105) has a structured recess system (108); and The recess system (108) is designed to generate an air flow (F) for directed transport of brake particles (120) to the dust collection device (220) during a relative rotational movement (R) of the friction partner (100) relative to the second friction partner (110).

2. The friction partner (100) according to claim 1, wherein: The recess system (108) comprises a plurality of eccentrically arranged spiral grooves (108b).

3. The friction partner (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: - the drum brake device (210) defines an axis (A), and - said system of recesses (108) comprises a plurality of grooves (108a) inclined relative to said axis (A).

4. The friction partner (100) according to claim 1, wherein: The friction partner (100) is a friction lining (101).

5. The friction partner (100) according to claim 4, wherein: The depression system (108) has a depth (T) which corresponds at least to the thickness (S) of the friction lining (101).

6. The friction partner (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The friction partner (100) is a brake drum (102).

7. The friction partner (100) according to claim 6, wherein: The depression system (108) has a depth (T) of up to 0.5 cm.

8. A drum brake system (210) of a vehicle (200a), in particular a commercial vehicle (200b), comprising a friction partner (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, a second friction partner (110) and a dust collection device (220).

9. The drum brake device (210) according to claim 8, wherein - the drum brake device (210) has an anchor plate (103) and a surrounding seal (215) for sealing the brake drum (102) relative to the anchor plate (103), and - The seal (215) and / or the anchor plate (103) has at least one ventilation opening (216).

10. The drum brake device (210) according to claim 9, wherein: - the at least one ventilation opening (216) is arranged in an upper region (211) of the drum brake device (210) in the installed state; - the dust collection device (220) is arranged in a lower region (212) of the drum brake device (210) in the installed state; and The dust collecting mechanism (220) is arranged such that the brake particles (120) are transported to the dust collecting mechanism (220) by the air flow (F).

11. A vehicle (200a), in particular a commercial vehicle (200b), comprising a drum brake device (210) according to any one of claims 8 to 10.

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