Switching valve

Abstract

A switching valve comprises a main valve, a guide valve and a communicating assembly, and the communicating assembly and the main valve are fixedly connected or connected in a limiting mode or are of an integrated structure. The communicating assembly comprises a first connecting part and is provided with at least two hole channels, the main valve comprises a first cavity, one end of each hole channel is communicated with the first cavity, the other end of each hole channel is provided with a first opening in the first connecting part, the pilot valve is provided with a second cavity, and the first opening can be communicated with the second cavity; the guide valve is fixedly connected or in limited connection with the first connecting part; the communicating assembly comprises at least one connecting part, the pilot valve is provided with at least one limiting hole, the limiting hole is sunken into the pilot valve from the periphery of the pilot valve, and at least part of the connecting part is located in the limiting hole and matched with the wall forming the limiting hole. When the pilot valve is connected with the communicating assembly, the connecting part can enable the relative position of the pilot valve and the hole channel of the communicating assembly to be more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fluid control technology, and in particular to a switching valve. Background Art

[0002] The switching valve can be used in thermal management systems to switch the flow direction of the fluid. In the related art, the switching valve includes a pilot valve and a main valve. The openings of the pilot valve need to be connected to the holes of the main valve. If the openings of the pilot valve do not correspond accurately to the holes in the main valve, it may cause internal leakage, increased flow resistance and other performance problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] One object of the present application is to provide a switching valve that can improve the performance of the switching valve.

[0004] One embodiment of the present application provides a switching valve, including a main valve, a pilot valve and a connecting component, wherein the connecting component is fixedly connected or limitedly connected to the main valve or has an integral structure; the connecting component includes a first connecting portion, and the connecting component has at least two channels, the main valve includes a first cavity, one end of the channel is connected to the first cavity, and the other end of the channel has a first opening at the first connecting portion, and the pilot valve has a second cavity, and the first opening can be connected to the second cavity; the pilot valve is fixedly connected or limitedly connected to the first connecting portion; the connecting component includes at least one connecting component, and the connecting component is fixedly connected or limitedly connected to the first connecting portion or has an integral structure, and the pilot valve has at least one limiting hole, and the limiting hole is recessed from the outer periphery of the pilot valve into the pilot valve, and at least part of the connecting component is located in the limiting hole and cooperates with the wall forming the limiting hole.

[0005] In the switching valve provided in the embodiment of the present application, the connecting component includes more than one connecting components, the pilot valve has more than one limit hole, the limit hole is recessed from the outer periphery of the pilot valve into the guide valve, at least part of the connecting component is located in the limit hole and cooperates with the wall forming the limit hole. When the pilot valve is connected to the connecting component, the connecting component can make the relative position of the pilot valve and the channel of the connecting component more accurate, thereby improving the performance of the switching valve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a switching valve of the present application is shown;

[0007] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 The exploded structural diagram of the switching valve shown;

[0008] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a portion of the switching valve shown;

[0009] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the switching valve shown is at an angle;

[0010] Figure 5 Shows Figure 4 The schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the switching valve along line EE is shown;

[0011] Figure 6 Shows Figure 4 The schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the switching valve along line AA is shown;

[0012] Figure 7 Shows Figure 6 A partially enlarged cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the switching valve shown;

[0013] Figure 8 Shows Figure 5 The schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the switching valve along the CC line is shown;

[0014] Fig. 9 A partially enlarged cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the switching valve of the present application is shown;

[0015] Fig.10 A partially enlarged cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the switching valve of the present application is shown;

[0016] Fig.11 A partially enlarged cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the switching valve of the present application is shown.

[0017] Reference numerals:

[0018] 100, switching valve; 1, main valve; 11, second valve seat; 101, first flow channel; 102, second flow channel; 103, third flow channel; 104, fourth flow channel; 12, first interface; 13, first cavity; 14, second interface; 15, second valve body; 16, slider; 17, bracket; 18, piston; 131, first sub-cavity; 132, second sub-cavity; 133, third sub-cavity; 20, connecting assembly; 2, main body; 21, first channel; 22, second channel ; 23, third channel; 24, fourth channel; 25, first side portion; 26, second side portion; 27, main body; 28, extension portion; 29, groove; 211, first opening; 250, first connecting portion; 260, second connecting portion; 3, pilot valve; 31, first valve body; 30, second cavity; 311, outer periphery; 32, first valve seat portion; 321, sliding surface; 33, sliding member; 34, iron core; 35, limit hole; 221, second opening; 352, side wall;

[0019] 4. Connecting component; 41. Through hole; 42. Sealing ring; 5. Electromagnetic coil; 6. Adapter component;

[0020] 231, third opening; 241, fourth opening; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one component with the same name from another, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these components. It should be noted that the "limited connection" in this application includes detachable connections, such as threaded connections, snap connections, etc., and the "fixed connection" in this application includes non-detachable connections, such as welding, bonding, vulcanization fixation, riveting, insert injection molding, etc.

[0023] like Figure 1-8 The switching valve 100 shown in the figure comprises a main valve 1, a pilot valve 3 and a connecting assembly 20, wherein the connecting assembly 20 is fixedly connected to the main valve 1; the connecting assembly 20 comprises a first connecting portion 250, the connecting assembly 20 has at least two channels, the main valve 1 comprises a first cavity 13, one end of the channel is connected to the first cavity 13, and the other end of the channel has a first opening 211 in the first connecting portion 250, the pilot valve 3 has a second cavity 30, and the first opening 211 can be connected to the second cavity 30; the outer peripheral portion 311 of the pilot valve 3 is fixedly connected or position-limitedly connected to the first connecting portion 250; the connecting assembly 20 comprises at least one connecting component 4, the connecting component 4 is fixedly connected or position-limitedly connected or an integral structure to the first connecting portion 250, the pilot valve 3 has at least one position-limiting hole 35, the position-limiting hole 35 is recessed into the pilot valve 3 from the outer peripheral portion 311 of the pilot valve 3, and at least part of the connecting component 4 is located in the position-limiting hole 35 and cooperates with the wall forming the position-limiting hole 35. When assembling the switching valve 100, the connecting component 4 can play a positioning role. When connecting the pilot valve 3 to the connecting component 20, the connecting component 4 can make the relative position of the pilot valve 3 and the channel of the connecting component 20 more accurate, thereby reducing the risk of internal leakage and reducing the flow resistance between the second cavity 30 and the channel, thereby improving the performance of the switching valve. It should be noted that the "matching" in this application not only refers to the gap setting or direct or indirect abutment between the two, but also includes the implementation of welding or bonding between the two. The part of the connecting component 4 located in the limiting hole 35 is basically complementary to the shape of the wall forming the limiting hole 35.

[0024] The first connection portion 250 includes a first side portion 25, and the first side portion 25 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery 311 of the pilot valve 3, and at least part of the connection component 4 protrudes from the first side portion 25. The first side portion 25 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery 311 of the pilot valve 3, so that the pilot valve 3 has a larger fixing surface, reducing the risk of shaking and falling off of the pilot valve 3. In other embodiments, the first connection portion 250 may include a fixing hole, which can be used for screw fixing to the outer periphery 311 of the pilot valve 3.

[0025] The limiting hole 35 has a second opening 221 at the outer periphery 311 of the pilot valve 3, and the second opening 221 is arranged opposite to the first side surface portion 25. The wall forming the limiting hole 35 includes a side wall 352, and the side wall 352 extends from the second opening 221 to a direction away from the first side surface portion 25. When the pilot valve 3 and the connecting assembly 20 are assembled, a part of the connecting component 4 is inserted into the limiting hole 35 from the second opening 221 until the first side surface portion 25 directly or indirectly abuts against the outer periphery 311 of the pilot valve 3, and the first side surface portion 25 determines the relative position of the pilot valve 3 and the connecting assembly 20 in a direction perpendicular to the first side surface portion 25, and the connecting component 4 determines the relative position of the pilot valve 3 and the connecting assembly 20 in a direction parallel to the first side surface portion 25.

[0026] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 , Figure 7 As shown, the limiting hole 35 is connected to the second cavity 30, the outer peripheral side of the connecting component 4 is fixedly connected to the side wall 352 and sealed, and the sealing surface formed between the connecting component 4 and the side wall 352 surrounds the outer peripheral side of the connecting component 4. The limiting hole 35 plays both a positioning role and a communication role. In other embodiments, the outer peripheral side of the connecting component 4 can abut against the side wall 352, so that the relative position of the pilot valve 3 and the communication component 20 in the direction parallel to the first side portion 25 is determined.

[0027] In other embodiments, Fig.11 As shown, the limiting hole 35 is not connected to the second cavity 30 , the limiting hole 35 is formed by a blind hole recessed in the outer peripheral portion 311 of the pilot valve 3 , and the limiting hole 35 is separated from the first opening 211 by fluid.

[0028] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7The connecting component 20 shown includes a main body 2, a connecting component 4 and a separate structure of the main body 2, a first side portion 25 is located on the main body 2, a first opening 211 is located on the first side portion 25, and the first opening 211 corresponds to the second opening 221 one by one; along a direction substantially perpendicular to the first side portion 25, a portion of the channel extends from the first opening 211 in a direction away from the pilot valve 3, a portion of the connecting component 4 is located in the channel, and a portion of the connecting component 4 is located in the limiting hole 35, the connecting component 4 has a through hole 41, the through hole 41 is connected to the second cavity 30, and the through hole 41 is connected to the channel; the outer peripheral side of the connecting component 4 is sealed with the inner wall forming the channel. Since the spacing between the first openings 211 is small, the connecting component 4 separated from the connecting component 20 is easy to process, and during assembly, a portion of the connecting component 4 is inserted into the channel from the first opening 211. Specifically, the connecting component 4 is cylindrical, and the through hole 41 passes through the connecting component 4 in the radial direction of the connecting component 4. The connecting component 4 is welded and fixed to the wall forming the through hole 41, and the connecting component 4 is welded and fixed to the side wall 352 forming the limiting hole 35. The welding method is adopted, and the process is relatively simple, which can reduce the risk of the connecting component 4 falling off. The connecting component 4 is made of metal, such as 304 stainless steel or aluminum alloy, which can improve the strength and facilitate welding. The connecting component 20 is made of aluminum alloy. Compared with stainless steel, the connecting component 20 is easier to process and lighter in weight.

[0029] In another embodiment of the switching valve 100, Fig. 9 As shown, the connecting component 4 is an integral structure with the first side portion 25, the connecting component 4 surrounds the hole, and the first opening 211 is located at an end of the connecting component 4 relatively far away from the first side portion 25. The connecting component 4 is an integral structure with the first side portion 25, which is conducive to reducing the number of parts and simplifying assembly. Specifically, the connecting component 4 is welded and fixed to the side wall 352 forming the limiting hole 35. In other embodiments, such as Fig.10 As shown, the switching valve 100 may include a sealing ring 42, which is an elastic member and surrounds the connecting component 4. The sealing ring 42 is located between the connecting component 4 and the side wall 352 forming the limiting hole 35. The connecting component 4 and the side wall 352 forming the limiting hole 35 abut against the sealing ring 42, thereby achieving sealing.

[0030] like Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the pilot valve 3 includes a sliding member 33, and the wall forming the second cavity 30 includes a sliding surface 321. The sliding member 33 is located in the second cavity 30, and the sliding surface 321 faces away from the first side surface 25. One side of the sliding member 33 is slidably matched with the sliding surface 321. The limiting hole 35 has a connecting port on the sliding surface 321, and the sliding member 33 has a connecting channel, which can be connected with the connecting port. Compared with the solution of directly contacting the sliding member 33 of the pilot valve 3 with the connecting component 20, the sliding member 33 of this embodiment is located inside the pilot valve 3, which has a protective effect on the sliding member 33 during assembly, and can reduce the risk of damage or dislocation of the sliding member 33. In addition, the structure of the pilot valve 3 of this embodiment is closer to the pilot valve 3 in the prior art, and the existing pilot valve 3 can be directly used without redesigning the structure of the pilot valve 3, which can reduce costs.

[0031] Specifically, the pilot valve 3 includes a first valve body 31, a second valve seat portion 11 and an iron core 34. The iron core 34 can drive the sliding member 33 to move. By controlling the working position of the sliding member 33, the communication channel can connect different communication ports, thereby realizing the switching of the main valve 1. The first valve body 31 is cylindrical as a whole, the second valve seat portion 11 is welded to the inner side of the first valve body 31, the sliding surface 321 is located at the second valve seat portion 11, the second valve seat portion 11 and the first valve body 31 form at least part of the second cavity 30, the first side surface portion 25 is a concave curved surface, and the first side surface portion 25 extends along the axial direction of the pilot valve 3. The first side surface portion 25 can also be other shapes, and the first side surface portion 25 and the outer peripheral portion 311 of the pilot valve 3 are basically complementary in shape. The axial direction of the pilot valve 3 is shown as H in the figure.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the pilot valve 3 has three limiting holes 35, and the pilot valve 3 has three second openings 221. The three second openings 221 are not located in a straight line, so that the three second openings 221 can be arranged more compactly, thereby reducing the stroke of the sliding member 33. Specifically, the three second openings 221 are distributed in a "pin" shape. Figure 7 As shown, the limiting hole 35 includes an expansion section 351, which gradually expands in the direction toward the second opening 221, that is, a chamfered structure is formed near the second opening 221, which facilitates the insertion of the connecting component 4 into the limiting hole 35, thereby facilitating assembly.

[0033] The connecting component 4 is cylindrical, and the through hole 41 penetrates the connecting component 4 in the radial direction of the connecting component 4. In this embodiment, the connecting component 4 is welded and fixed to the side wall 352 forming the through hole 41, and the connecting component 4 is welded and fixed to the side wall 352 forming the limiting hole 35. In other embodiments, a sealing ring 42 may be provided between the connecting component 4 and the side wall 352 forming the limiting hole 35. The sealing ring 42 is an elastic member and surrounds the connecting component 4. The sealing ring 42 can achieve sealing between the connecting component 4 and the limiting hole 35.

[0034] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the outer periphery 311 of the pilot valve 3 is welded and fixed to the first side surface 25, so as to achieve the sealing and fixing of the outer periphery 311 and the first side surface 25, with a simple structure and good sealing effect. In other embodiments, the switching valve 100 may include a sealing member, which is an elastic member, at least part of which surrounds the first opening 211, one side of the sealing member abuts against the outer periphery 311 of the pilot valve 3, and the other side of the sealing member abuts against the first side surface 25, thereby achieving the sealing between the outer periphery 311 of the pilot valve 3 and the first side surface 25. In other embodiments, the first connecting portion 250 may be screwed to the outer periphery 311 of the pilot valve 3.

[0035] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the switching valve 100 includes a switching component 6 and an electromagnetic coil 5, the electromagnetic coil 5 is sleeved on the outer periphery of a part of the pilot valve 3, the movement direction of the sliding member 33 is defined as the axial direction of the pilot valve 3, along the axial direction of the pilot valve 3, the switching component 6 is located on the side of the pilot valve 3 relatively far away from the electromagnetic coil 5, the switching component 6 has a third communication channel, along the axial direction of the pilot valve 3, the third communication channel has a third opening 231 at an end relatively close to the pilot valve 3, along the radial direction of the pilot valve 3, the third communication channel has a fourth opening 241 on the outer periphery of the switching component 6, the fourth opening 241 is arranged opposite to the first side portion 25, the fourth opening 241 is connected to one of the channels, and the third opening 231 is connected to the second chamber 30. Since the second chamber 30 has an opening at the axial end of the pilot valve 3, the switching component 6 can switch the opening to a channel located at the first side portion 25. Specifically, the adapter component 6 is cylindrical as a whole, is coaxial or substantially coaxial with the pilot valve 3, the outer periphery of the adapter component 6 is welded and fixed to the first side surface 25, the adapter component 6 is welded and fixed to the first valve body 31, and the third connecting channel is "L"-shaped as a whole.

[0036] In this embodiment, the number of channels is four, including a first channel 21, a second channel 22, a third channel 23 and a fourth channel 24, wherein the first channel 21, the second channel 22, the third channel 23 are connected to the through hole 41 of the connecting component 4, and the fourth channel 24 is connected to the fourth opening 241 of the adapter component 6.

[0037] The main valve 1 includes a second valve body 15, a first interface portion 12, and a second interface portion 14. The first cavity 13 is located in the second valve body 15. The main valve 1 has a first flow channel 101, a second flow channel 102, a third flow channel 103, and a fourth flow channel 104. The wall forming the first cavity 13 includes a first valve seat portion 32. The first flow channel 101, the second flow channel 102, and the third flow channel 103 all have openings in the first valve seat portion 32. The fourth flow channel 104 is connected to the first cavity 13. The first flow channel 101, the second flow channel 102, and the third flow channel 103 all have interfaces in the first interface portion 12, and the fourth flow channel 104 has an interface in the second interface portion 14. The second valve body 15 is cylindrical as a whole. In the present embodiment, along the radial direction of the main valve 1, the first interface portion 12 and the second interface portion 14 are located on both sides of the second valve body 15, and along the circumferential direction of the main valve 1, at least part of the connecting component 20 is located between the first interface portion 12 and the second interface portion 14. In this way, the interference between the connecting component 20 and the first interface portion 12 and the second interface portion 14 can be reduced, thereby making the structure of the switching valve 100 more compact. The movement direction of the slider 16 is defined as the axial direction of the main valve 1, and the axial direction of the pilot valve 3 is parallel or substantially parallel to the axial direction of the main valve 1, which can further reduce the size of the switching valve 100, thereby making the structure of the switching valve 100 more compact. Moreover, in the present embodiment, the first valve seat portion 32 is located between the first interface portion 12 and the second interface portion 14, and the first valve seat portion 32 is defined as the interface between the low-pressure fluid and the high-pressure fluid in the main valve 1. Along the circumference of the main valve 1, at least part of the connecting component 20 is located between the first interface portion 12 and the second interface portion 14, which can make the connecting component 20 closer to the first valve seat portion 32, so that the distance between the pilot valve 3 and the low-pressure side and the high-pressure side of the fluid in the main valve 1 are shorter, thereby further reducing the size of the connecting component 20 along the circumference of the main valve 1, and also facilitating the simplification of the layout of the channels in the connecting component 20.

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the switching valve 100 includes a slider 16, a bracket 17 and two pistons 18. The slider 16, the bracket 17 and the piston 18 are located in the first chamber 13. The slider 16 is slidably matched with the first valve seat 32. Driven by the bracket 17, the slider 16 can slide in a direction parallel to the first valve seat 32, thereby realizing the switching of the flow path. The slider 16 has a second communication channel, such as Figure 5 As shown, when the slider 16 is located at the first working position, the first flow channel 101 is connected to the second flow channel 102 through the second connecting channel, and the third flow channel 103 is connected to the fourth flow channel 104. When the slider 16 is located at the second working position, the second flow channel 102 is connected to the third flow channel 103 through the second connecting channel, and the first flow channel 101 is connected to the fourth flow channel 104.

[0039] like Figure 2-Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, the second hole 22 is connected to the second flow channel 102, the two pistons 18 and the slider 16 are arranged along the axial direction of the main valve 1, the slider 16 is located between the two pistons 18, the piston 18 is sealed with the inner wall forming the first chamber 13, and the two pistons 18 divide the first chamber 13 into three sub-chambers, including the first sub-chamber 131, the second sub-chamber 132 and the third sub-chamber 133. Specifically, the first sub-chamber 131 is located between the two pistons 18, along the axial direction of the second valve body 15, the second sub-chamber 132 is located on one side of the first sub-chamber 131, and the third sub-chamber 133 is located on the other side of the first sub-chamber 131. The fourth hole 24 is connected to the first sub-chamber 131, the second hole 22 is connected to the second sub-chamber 132, the third hole 23 is connected to the third sub-chamber 133, and the first hole 21 is connected to the second flow channel 102.

[0040] like Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, the connecting component 20 also includes a second connecting portion 260, which is fixedly connected or limitedly connected to the main valve 1, and the first connecting portion 250 is away from the main valve 1 relative to the second connecting portion 260. The second connecting portion 260 includes a main body 27 and an extension portion 28, a part of the first channel 21 is located in the extension portion 28, the main body 27 is strip-shaped, and the main body 27 extends along the axial direction of the main valve 1. Along the circumference of the main valve 1, the extension portion 28 extends from the main body 27 to the first interface portion 12, so that the first channel 21 can be connected with the second flow channel 102. Specifically, the extension portion 28 is also strip-shaped. The strip-shaped main body 27 and the extension portion 28 can reduce the volume of the connecting component 20, and then reduce the weight of the switching valve 100, which is suitable for the lightweight requirements in the automotive field.

[0041] The second connection portion 260 includes a second side portion 26, and the second side portion 26 is sealed with the outer periphery of the second valve body 15. In this embodiment, the second side portion 26 is welded and fixed to the outer periphery of the second valve body 15, and the structure is simple and easy to manufacture. Each channel has an opening on the second side portion 26, and the second connection portion 260 has a groove 29, which is recessed in the second side portion 26, and the groove 29 forms a part of the channel, which is convenient for processing the channel. Specifically, the second side portion 26 is a plane, which is easy to process. In other embodiments, the second connection portion 260 can be an integral structure with the second valve body 15, or the second connection portion 260 can be connected to the second valve body 15 in a limited position.

[0042] In some other embodiments of the switching valve 100, at least part of the connecting component 4 may protrude from the outer peripheral portion 311 of the pilot valve 3, the connecting component 4 is fixedly connected to the pilot valve 3 or is an integral structure, the connecting component 20 has one or more limiting holes 35, a part of the connecting component 4 is located in the limiting hole 35 and cooperates with the side wall 352 forming the limiting hole 35, when assembling the switching valve 100, the connecting component 4 can play a positioning role, the connecting component 4 determines the relative position of the pilot valve 3 and the connecting component 20 in a direction parallel to the first side portion 25, so that the first opening 211 can be more accurately docked with the second cavity 30, thereby reducing the flow resistance between the second cavity 30 and the channel.

[0043] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail in this specification with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and all technical solutions and improvements thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switching valve (100), comprising a main valve (1), a pilot valve (3) and a connecting assembly (20), wherein the connecting assembly (20) is fixedly connected to the main valve (1) or is position-limitedly connected or is an integral structure; The connecting component (20) comprises a first connecting portion (250), the connecting component (20) has at least two channels, the main valve (1) comprises a first chamber (13), one end of the channel is in communication with the first chamber (13), the other end of the channel has a first opening (211) at the first connecting portion (250), the pilot valve (3) has a second chamber (30), the first opening (211) can be in communication with the second chamber (30); The pilot valve (3) is fixedly connected or position-limitedly connected to the first connecting portion (250); The connecting component (20) comprises at least one connecting component (4), the connecting component (4) being fixedly connected or limit-connected or integrally structured with the first connecting portion (250), the pilot valve (3) having at least one limit hole (35), the limit hole (35) being recessed from the outer periphery of the pilot valve (3) into the pilot valve (3), at least part of the connecting component (4) being located in the limit hole (35) and cooperating with a wall forming the limit hole (35).

2. The switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting portion (250) comprises a first side surface portion (25), the first side surface portion (25) being fixedly connected to the outer peripheral portion (311) of the pilot valve (3), and at least a portion of the connecting component (4) protruding from the first side surface portion (25).

3. The switching valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting hole (35) has a second opening (221) at the outer peripheral portion (311), the second opening (221) is arranged opposite to the first side portion (25), and the wall forming the limiting hole (35) includes a side wall (352), and the side wall (352) extends from the second opening (221) in a direction away from the first side portion (25); The limiting hole (35) is in communication with the second cavity (30), the outer peripheral side of the connecting component (4) is sealed with the side wall (352), and the outer peripheral side of the connecting component (4) is in abutment with or fixedly connected with the side wall (352); Alternatively, the limiting hole (35) is not connected to the second cavity (30), and the limiting hole (35) is separated from the first opening (211) by fluid.

4. The switching valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting component (20) comprises a main body (2), the connecting component (4) and the main body (2) are separate structures, the first side surface portion (25) is located on the main body (2), the first opening (211) is located on the first side surface portion (25), and the first opening (211) corresponds to the second opening (221) in a one-to-one manner; Along a direction substantially perpendicular to the first side surface (25), a portion of the channel extends from the first opening (211) in a direction away from the pilot valve (3), a portion of the connecting component (4) is located in the channel, and a portion of the connecting component (4) is located in the limiting hole (35), the connecting component (4) has a through hole (41), the through hole (41) is connected to the second cavity (30), and the through hole (41) is connected to the channel; the outer peripheral side of the connecting component (4) is sealed with the inner wall forming the channel.

5. The switching valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting component (4) is cylindrical, the through hole (41) penetrates the connecting component (4) in the radial direction of the connecting component (4), the connecting component (4) is welded and fixed to the wall forming the through hole (41), and the connecting component (4) is welded and fixed to the wall forming the limiting hole (35).

6. The switching valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting component (4) and the first side surface portion (25) are an integral structure, the connecting component (4) surrounds the hole, and the first opening (211) is located at an end of the connecting component (4) relatively far away from the first side surface portion (25); The connecting component (4) is fixedly welded to the side wall (352) forming the limiting hole (35); Alternatively, the switching valve comprises a sealing ring (42), the sealing ring (42) being an elastic member, the sealing ring (42) surrounding the connecting component (4), and the sealing ring (42) being located between the connecting component (4) and a side wall (352) forming the limiting hole (35).

7. The switching valve according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The outer peripheral portion (311) of the pilot valve (3) is fixedly welded to the first side portion (25); Alternatively, the switching valve includes a sealing member, which is an elastic member, at least a portion of which surrounds the first opening (211), one side of the sealing member abuts against the outer peripheral portion (311), and the other side of the sealing member abuts against the first side portion (25), and the guide valve (3) is limitedly connected or fixedly connected to the first connecting portion (250).

8. The switching valve according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The pilot valve (3) comprises a sliding member (33), and the wall forming the second chamber (30) comprises a sliding surface (321). The sliding member (33) is located in the second chamber (30), and one side of the sliding member (33) is slidably matched with the sliding surface (321). The limiting hole (35) has a communication port on the sliding surface (321), and the sliding member (33) has a first communication channel, and the first communication channel can be communicated with the communication port.

9. The switching valve according to claim 8, characterized in that: The switching valve comprises a switching component (6) and an electromagnetic coil (5), wherein the electromagnetic coil (5) is sleeved on a portion of the outer circumference of the pilot valve (3), and along the axial direction of the pilot valve (3), the switching component (6) is located on a side of the pilot valve (3) relatively far from the electromagnetic coil (5), and the switching component (6) has a third communication channel, and along the axial direction of the pilot valve (3), the third communication channel has a third opening (231) at an end relatively close to the pilot valve (3), and along the radial direction of the pilot valve (3), the third communication channel has a fourth opening (241) on the outer circumference of the switching component (6), the fourth opening (241) is arranged opposite to the first side surface (25), the fourth opening (241) is communicated with one of the holes, and the third opening (231) is communicated with the second chamber (30).

10. The switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The connecting component (20) comprises a second connecting portion (260), the first connecting portion (250) is farther away from the main valve (1) relative to the second connecting portion (260), and the second connecting portion (260) is fixedly connected or position-limitedly connected to the main valve (1); The second connecting portion includes a second side portion (26), the second side portion (26) is sealed with the outer periphery of the main valve (1), each of the channels has an opening on the second side portion (26), the second connecting portion has a groove (29), the groove (29) is recessed in the second side portion (26), and the groove (29) forms part of the channel.

11. The switching valve according to claim 10, characterized in that: The main valve (1) comprises a second valve body (15), a first interface portion (12), and a second interface portion (14); the first cavity (13) is located in the second valve body (15); the main valve (1) has a first flow channel (101), a second flow channel (102), a third flow channel (103), and a fourth flow channel (104); a wall forming the first cavity (13) comprises a first valve seat portion (32); the first flow channel (101), the second flow channel (102), and the third flow channel (103) all have openings in the first valve seat portion (32); the fourth flow channel (104) The first flow channel (101), the second flow channel (102) and the third flow channel (103) all have interfaces at the first interface portion (12); the fourth flow channel (104) has an interface at the second interface portion (14); along the radial direction of the main valve (1), the first interface portion (12) and the second interface portion (14) are located on both sides of the second valve body (15); along the circumferential direction of the main valve (1), at least part of the connecting component (20) is located between the first interface portion (12) and the second interface portion (14).

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