A cold and heat source combined supply system based on cascade utilization of converter valve waste heat

Abstract

The application discloses a cold and heat source combined supply system based on cascade utilization of converter valve waste heat, which comprises filters, converter valves, degassing tanks, main circulating water pumps, first electric gate valves, second electric gate valves and electric three-way valves which are sequentially connected; the electric three-way valves are connected with an absorption refrigeration system and a spraying water system in series through electric regulating valves and first check valves at both ends of the electric three-way valves; the first electric gate valves are connected with air cooling systems at both ends; the second electric gate valves are connected with radiation heating systems at both ends; and the converter valves are connected with auxiliary circulating loops at both ends. The application is suitable for the technical field of converter valves, and the opening and closing of the first electric gate valves, the second electric gate valves and the electric three-way valves are controlled to change the flow direction of the internal cooling water in the main circulating loop, heat exchange with different terminals is carried out, and thus the waste heat of the converter valves can be effectively utilized in different seasons, and the waste of energy can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of converter valve technology, specifically a combined heat and cold source system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from converter valves. Background Technology

[0002] As key electrical equipment in high-voltage direct current converter stations, converter valves generate a large amount of heat during operation, requiring extensive cooling systems to remove this heat and prevent damage to components due to overheating. Existing high-voltage direct current converter stations typically use air cooling or cooling towers to dissipate the large amount of heat generated during converter valve operation into the atmosphere, ensuring operational stability and extending service life.

[0003] The converter valve generates a huge amount of heat, which is currently discharged into the atmosphere through air cooling or cooling tower cooling, resulting in a huge waste of energy. In actual operation, due to the low outdoor temperature in winter, outdoor pipes and equipment need to be heated, and rooms in buildings such as the complex need heating in winter and cooling in summer.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively utilize the waste heat of the converter valve and reduce energy waste is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from a converter valve.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from a converter valve includes a filter, a converter valve, a degassing tank, a main circulating water pump, a first-pass electric gate valve, a second-pass electric gate valve, and an electric three-way valve connected in sequence. The two ends of the electric three-way valve are connected in series with an absorption refrigeration system and a spray water system through an electric regulating valve and a first one-way valve, respectively. The two ends of the first-pass electric gate valve are connected to an air-cooled system, the two ends of the second-pass electric gate valve are connected to a radiant heating system, and the two ends of the converter valve are connected to an auxiliary circulation loop.

[0008] Preferably, a degassing tank is provided at the outlet end of the converter valve and the inlet end of the main circulating water pump in the main circulation loop. A first electric gate valve, a second electric gate valve, an electric three-way valve, an electric regulating valve, a first check valve, and a filter are provided at the inlet end of the converter valve and the outlet end of the main circulating water pump. Two main circulating pumps are provided, one for use and one for standby, to provide system power. The degassing tank is used to stabilize the water pressure in the pipeline. The first electric gate valve, the second electric gate valve, and the electric three-way valve are used to change the water flow direction inside the system. The electric regulating valve is used to adjust the amount of internal cooling water. The first check valve is used to prevent water from flowing back in the pipeline. The filter is used to treat impurities in the water.

[0009] Preferably, the absorption refrigeration system includes an absorbent cycle and a refrigerant cycle, wherein the absorbent cycle is a forward cycle and the refrigerant cycle is a reverse cycle, the forward cycle includes a generator, an absorber, a solution pump, and a pressure reducing valve, and the reverse cycle includes a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion valve;

[0010] One end of the generator is connected to a plate heat exchanger, and the other end of the generator is connected to an absorber. The generator is used to absorb heat from the plate heat exchanger and heat the working fluid pair of the absorption refrigeration system, i.e., the refrigerant-absorbent solution, to boiling point. The refrigerant with a low boiling point is vaporized to form a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The absorber is used to release heat to the outside environment and absorb the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant with a liquid absorbent.

[0011] Preferably, a solution pump and a pressure reducing valve are provided between the generator and the absorber. The solution pump is used to pressurize the refrigerant-absorbent solution in a low-pressure state before it enters the generator, and the pressure reducing valve is used to depressurize the absorbent solution in a high-pressure state before it enters the absorber.

[0012] The generator is connected to the condenser, the absorber is connected to the evaporator, and an expansion valve is provided between the condenser and the evaporator. The condenser is used to release heat to the outside to liquefy the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the generator. The expansion valve is used to reduce the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant. The evaporator is used to absorb heat from the outside to vaporize the refrigerant into low-pressure vapor.

[0013] Preferably, the air-cooled system includes an air-cooled heat exchanger. One end of the air-cooled heat exchanger is equipped with a first electric butterfly valve and a first temperature sensor. The other end of the air-cooled heat exchanger is equipped with a second one-way valve, an electric regulating valve, and a second temperature sensor. The first electric butterfly valve is used for pipeline maintenance. The second one-way valve is used to prevent water from flowing back in the pipeline. The electric regulating valve is used to regulate the water volume in the pipeline. The first and second temperature sensors are used to monitor changes in water temperature in the pipeline.

[0014] The air-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the heat transmission pipeline. In winter, it is used to transport heated outdoor air to outdoor pipelines and equipment to prevent the cold water temperature inside the pipelines or equipment from dropping below 0°C due to low ambient temperature, which could cause the pipelines to freeze and crack.

[0015] Preferably, the spray water system is a non-closed circulating water system, which includes a spray tower, a spray pump, a buffer tank, a dosing pump, a water treatment tank, a No. 2 electric butterfly valve, a No. 7 temperature sensor, and a No. 8 temperature sensor. The spray tower is equipped with a spray device and a variable frequency cooling fan. The spray device uses spray water to cool the internal cooling water from the valve hall. The variable frequency cooling fan is used to discharge the steam generated during the process. Two spray pumps are provided, one for use and one for standby, to transport the spray water to the spray tower. The raw water is treated with chemicals in the water treatment tank to ensure that the external cooling water quality meets the standards. Two makeup water pumps are provided, one for use and one for standby. When the water level in the buffer tank is low, the makeup water pump is turned on. The No. 2 electric butterfly valve is used to facilitate pipeline maintenance. The No. 7 and No. 8 temperature sensors are used to monitor the water temperature.

[0016] Preferably, the ion exchanger outlet in the auxiliary circulation loop is equipped with a filter, and the filter outlet is equipped with an expansion tank and a nitrogen tank. The ion exchanger and the filter are used to treat impurities in a portion of the water in the main circulation loop. The expansion tank and the nitrogen tank are used to buffer changes in the water volume of the main circulation loop, while isolating air and maintaining constant pressure.

[0017] The inlet bypass of the ion exchanger is equipped with a water supply pump and a water supply tank. Two water supply pumps are provided, one for use and one for standby, to replenish the system with water from the water supply tank.

[0018] Preferably, the radiant heating system includes a plate heat exchanger. One end of the plate heat exchanger is equipped with a No. 3 electric butterfly valve, a No. 3 one-way valve, an electric regulating valve, a No. 3 temperature sensor, and a No. 4 temperature sensor. The other end of the plate heat exchanger is equipped with a heat recovery circulation pump and a filter. The No. 3 electric butterfly valve is used to facilitate pipeline maintenance. The No. 3 one-way valve is used to prevent water backflow. The electric regulating valve is used to regulate the water volume in the pipeline. The temperature sensor is used to monitor changes in water temperature in the pipeline. The heat recovery circulation pump is used to provide power to the radiant heating system. The filter is used to remove impurities from the water in the radiant heating system.

[0019] Preferably, a water replenishment circuit is provided between the plate heat exchanger and the heat recovery circulation pump. The water replenishment circuit includes a water replenishment tank, a water replenishment pump, and an expansion tank. The water replenishment tank is used to replenish the water lost due to leakage from pipes, valves, and other equipment during the operation of the radiant heating system. The water replenishment pump is used to provide power to the radiant heating system. The expansion tank is used to store water.

[0020] Preferably, during the heating season, the plate heat exchanger transfers the heat generated by the operation of the converter valve in the system to the rooms of the building with pre-embedded underground coils, and the underground coils dissipate the heat into the rooms through radiant heating.

[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] In this invention, the direction of the internal cooling water flow in the main circulation loop is changed by controlling the opening and closing of the No. 1 electric gate valve, the No. 2 electric gate valve, and the electric three-way valve, so as to exchange heat with different terminals, thereby realizing the effective use of the waste heat of the converter valve in different seasons and reducing energy waste. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a simplified system structure diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of the main loop structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the absorption refrigeration system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0027] The "range" disclosed in this invention is defined by a lower limit and an upper limit. A given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, which define the boundaries of a particular range. Ranges defined in this way can include or exclude endpoints and can be arbitrarily combined; that is, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, if a range of 10–50 is listed for a specific parameter, it is also expected that ranges of 10–40 and 20–50 are also included. Furthermore, if the minimum range values ​​are 1 and 2, and the maximum range values ​​are 3, 4, and 5, then the following ranges are all expected: 1–3, 1–4, 1–5, 2–3, 2–4, and 2–5. In this application, unless otherwise stated, the numerical range "a–b" represents a shortened representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0–5" means that all real numbers between "0–5" have been listed herein; "0–5" is merely a shortened representation of these numerical combinations.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, all steps in this application may be performed sequentially or randomly, preferably sequentially. For example, the method includes steps (a) and (b), indicating that the method may include steps (a) and (b) performed sequentially, or it may include steps (b) and (a) performed sequentially. For example, the mention that the method may also include step (c) indicates that step (c) may be added to the method in any order. For example, the method may include steps (a), (b), and (c), or it may include steps (a), (c), and (b), or it may include steps (c), (a), and (b), etc.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "comprising" and "including" as used in this application can be open-ended or closed-ended. For example, "comprising" and "including" can mean that other components not listed may also be included, or that only the listed components may be included.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, the reaction will proceed under normal temperature and pressure conditions.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, all parts or percentages are by weight or by weight percentage.

[0034] In this invention, all the substances used are known substances that can be purchased or synthesized by known methods.

[0035] In this invention, all the devices or equipment used are conventional devices or equipment known in the art and are readily available.

[0036] The following embodiments further illustrate specific implementations of a combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from converter valves according to the present invention. The combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from converter valves according to the present invention is not limited to the descriptions in the following embodiments.

[0037] Example:

[0038] A combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from converter valves, such as Figure 1-2As shown, the system includes a filter E-4, a converter valve E-1, a degassing tank E-2, a main circulating water pump E-3, a first-pass electric gate valve V-1, a second-pass electric gate valve V-2, and an electric three-way valve V-3 connected in sequence. The two ends of the electric three-way valve V-3 are connected in series with the absorption refrigeration system and the spray water system through an electric regulating valve V-10 and a first one-way valve V-11, respectively. The two ends of the first-pass electric gate valve V-1 are connected to the air-cooling system, and the two ends of the second-pass electric gate valve V-2 are connected to the radiant heating system. The two ends of the converter valve E-1 are connected to the auxiliary circulation loop. The air-cooling system and the spray water system are used to reduce the internal cooling water temperature of the main circulation loop. The auxiliary circulation loop is used to replenish the water volume of the main circulation loop and stabilize the water pressure. The radiant heating system is used to recover the heat from the main circulation loop and provide radiant heating to the rooms of the building.

[0039] By employing the above-mentioned technical means:

[0040] Make full use of the waste heat generated by the converter valve to reduce energy waste, heat outdoor pipes and equipment that need heating in winter, prevent the cold water temperature inside the pipes or equipment from dropping below 0°C due to low ambient temperature, which could cause the pipes to freeze and crack, provide radiant heating for rooms that need heating in winter, and use absorption refrigeration systems to cool rooms in buildings that need cooling.

[0041] In one possible implementation, a degassing tank E-2 is installed at the outlet end of the converter valve E-1 and the inlet end of the main circulating water pump E-3 in the main circulation loop. A first electric gate valve V-1, a second electric gate valve V-2, an electric three-way valve V-3, an electric regulating valve V-10, a first check valve V-11, and a filter E-4 are installed at the inlet end of the converter valve E-1 and the outlet end of the main circulating water pump E-3. Two main circulating pumps E-3 are installed, one in operation and one on standby, to provide system power. The degassing tank E-2 is used to stabilize the water pressure in the pipeline. The first electric gate valve V-1, the second electric gate valve V-2, and the electric three-way valve V-3 are used to change the direction of water flow within the system. The electric regulating valve V-10 is used to regulate the amount of internal cooling water. The first check valve V-11 is used to prevent backflow of water in the pipeline. The filter E-4 is used to treat impurities in the water.

[0042] In one possible implementation, a No. 1 electric gate valve V-1 and a No. 2 electric gate valve V-2 are installed on the main circulation loop, a No. 1 electric butterfly valve V-4 is installed on the main line of the air-cooled system, a No. 2 electric butterfly valve V-12 is installed on the main line of the spray water system, and a valve V-7 is installed on one side of the plate heat exchanger E-12 of the radiant heating system. The No. 1 electric gate valve V-1, the No. 2 electric gate valve V-2, the No. 1 electric butterfly valve V-4, the No. 2 electric butterfly valve V-12, and the No. 3 electric butterfly valve V-7 are all electric butterfly valves, which facilitates the maintenance of the pipeline.

[0043] like Figure 1 and2 As shown, the internal cooling water temperature of the main circulation loop of the heat exchange valve is 40-45℃. In winter, in order to prevent the water temperature inside the outdoor pipes and equipment from falling below 0℃, the No. 1 electric gate valve V-1 is closed, allowing the internal cooling water in the main circulation loop to flow into the air-cooled system. The air-cooled heat exchanger E-11 raises the outdoor air temperature and transfers it to the outdoor pipes and equipment through the heat transfer pipe for preheating. At this time, after heat exchange, the internal cooling water temperature can be reduced to 35-40℃.

[0044] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, in order to make full use of the waste heat of the converter valve, the No. 2 electric gate valve V-2 is closed in winter, and the electric three-way valve V-3 is connected to the filter E-4. The cooling water in the converter valve, with a temperature of 35-40℃, exchanges heat with the radiant heating system through the plate heat exchanger E-12. The temperature drops to 25-30℃ and then returns to the main circulation loop. After receiving heat, the radiant heating system radiates heat to the rooms of the building through the underground coil S-1.

[0045] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the internal cooling water temperature of the main circulation loop of the heat exchange valve is 40-45℃. In summer, in order to make full use of the waste heat of the converter valve, the No. 1 electric butterfly valve V-4 and the No. 3 electric butterfly valve V-7 are closed, and the No. 1 electric gate valve V-1 and the No. 2 electric gate valve V-2 are opened. The electric three-way valve V-3 is connected to the plate heat exchanger E-18. The internal cooling water of the main circulation loop exchanges heat with the absorption refrigeration system through the plate heat exchanger E-18, and the temperature drops to 30-35℃. Then, it is cooled down again to 20-25℃ by the spray water system and returns to the main circulation loop. The absorption refrigeration system obtains heat and uses it to heat the working fluid in the generator E-19.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the absorption refrigeration system includes an absorbent cycle and a refrigerant cycle. The absorbent cycle is a forward cycle, and the refrigerant cycle is a reverse cycle. The forward cycle includes a generator E-19, an absorber E-20, a solution pump E-21, and a pressure reducing valve V-14. The reverse cycle includes a condenser E-22, an evaporator E-23, and an expansion valve V-13.

[0047] One end of generator E-19 is connected to plate heat exchanger E-18, and the other end of generator E-19 is connected to absorber E-20. Generator E-19 is used to absorb heat from plate heat exchanger E-18 to heat the working fluid of absorption refrigeration system, i.e., refrigerant-absorbent solution, to boiling point. The refrigerant with a low boiling point is vaporized to form a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. Absorber E-20 is used to release heat to the outside and absorb the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant with liquid absorbent.

[0048] In one possible implementation, a solution pump E-21 and a pressure reducing valve V-14 are provided between the generator E-19 and the absorber E-20. The solution pump E-21 is used to pressurize the refrigerant-absorbent solution in a low-pressure state before it enters the generator E-19, and the pressure reducing valve V-14 is used to depressurize the absorbent solution in a high-pressure state before it enters the absorber E-20.

[0049] Generator E-19 is connected to condenser E-22, absorber E-20 is connected to evaporator E-23, and expansion valve V-13 is installed between condenser E-22 and evaporator E-23. Condenser E-22 is used to release heat to the outside to liquefy the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from generator E-19. Expansion valve V-13 is used to reduce the pressure and temperature of refrigerant. Evaporator E-23 is used to absorb heat from the outside to vaporize refrigerant into low-pressure vapor.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the air-cooled system includes an air-cooled heat exchanger E-11. One end of the air-cooled heat exchanger E-11 is equipped with a first electric butterfly valve V-4 and a first temperature sensor T-1. The other end of the air-cooled heat exchanger E-11 is equipped with a second one-way valve V-5, an electric regulating valve V-6, and a second temperature sensor T-2. The first electric butterfly valve V-4 is used for pipeline maintenance, the second one-way valve V-5 is used to prevent water backflow in the pipeline, the electric regulating valve V-6 is used to regulate the water volume in the pipeline, and the first temperature sensor T-1 and the second temperature sensor T-2 are used to monitor changes in water temperature in the pipeline.

[0051] The air-cooled heat exchanger E-11 is connected to the heat transmission pipeline. In winter, it is used to transport heated outdoor air to outdoor pipelines and equipment to prevent the cold water temperature inside the pipelines or equipment from dropping below 0°C due to low ambient temperature, which could cause the pipelines to freeze and crack.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the spray water system is a non-closed circulating water system, comprising a spray tower E-24, a spray pump E-25, a buffer tank, a dosing pump E-26, a water treatment tank, a second electric butterfly valve V-12, a seventh temperature sensor T-7, and a eighth temperature sensor T-8. The spray tower E-24 is equipped with a spray device and a variable frequency cooling fan. The spray device uses spray water to cool the internal cooling water from the valve chamber, and the variable frequency cooling fan is used to cool the water during the process. The generated steam is discharged. Two spray pumps E-25 are installed, one for operation and one for standby, to transport spray water to spray tower E-24. The raw water is treated with chemicals in the water treatment tank to ensure that the external cooling water quality meets the standards. Two makeup water pumps E-26 are installed, one for operation and one for standby. When the water level in the buffer tank is low, makeup water pump E-26 is turned on. Electric butterfly valve V-12 is used to facilitate pipeline maintenance. Temperature sensor T-7 and temperature sensor T-8 are used to monitor water temperature.

[0053] In one possible implementation, a filter E-6 is provided at the outlet end of the ion exchanger E-8 in the auxiliary circulation loop, and an expansion tank E-5 and a nitrogen tank E-6 are provided at the outlet end of the filter E-6. The ion exchanger E-8 and the filter E-6 are used to treat impurities in a portion of the water in the main circulation loop, and the expansion tank E-5 and the nitrogen tank E-6 are used to buffer changes in the water volume of the main circulation loop, while isolating air and maintaining constant pressure.

[0054] The inlet bypass of ion exchanger E-8 is equipped with a water supply pump E-9 and a water supply tank E-10. Two water supply pumps E-9 are provided, one for use and one for standby, to replenish the system with water from the water supply tank E-10.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the radiant heating system includes a plate heat exchanger E-12. One end of the plate heat exchanger E-12 is equipped with a third electric butterfly valve V-7, a third check valve V-8, an electric regulating valve V-9, a third temperature sensor T-3, and a fourth temperature sensor T-4. The other end of the plate heat exchanger E-12 is equipped with a heat recovery circulation pump E-14 and a filter E-13. The third electric butterfly valve V-7 is used to facilitate pipeline maintenance, the third check valve V-8 is used to prevent water backflow, the electric regulating valve V-9 is used to regulate the water volume in the pipeline, the temperature sensors T-3 and T-4 are used to monitor changes in water temperature in the pipeline, the heat recovery circulation pump E-14 is used to provide power to the radiant heating system, and the filter E-13 is used to remove impurities from the water in the radiant heating system.

[0056] In one possible implementation, a water replenishment circuit is provided between the plate heat exchanger E-12 and the heat recovery circulation pump E-14. The water replenishment circuit includes a water replenishment tank E-15, a water replenishment pump E-16, and an expansion tank E-17. The water replenishment tank E-15 is used to replenish the water lost due to leakage from pipes, valves, and other equipment during the operation of the radiant heating system. The water replenishment pump E-16 is used to provide power to the radiant heating system. The expansion tank E-17 is used to store water.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the plate heat exchanger E-12 transfers the heat generated by the operation of the system's converter valve to the rooms of the building where the underground coil S-1 is pre-embedded during the heating season. The underground coil S-1 then dissipates the heat into the rooms via radiant heating.

[0058] In one possible implementation, temperature sensors T-1 and T-2 are installed at the inlet and outlet ends of air-cooled heat exchanger E-11, respectively; temperature sensors T-3 and T-4 are installed at the inlet and outlet ends of plate heat exchanger E-12, respectively; and temperature sensors T-5 and T-6 are installed at the inlet and outlet ends of plate heat exchanger E-18, respectively. These sensors are used to detect water temperature and ensure the final cooling effect.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the material of the underground coil S-1 should be heat-resistant, pressure-resistant, oxidation-resistant, corrosion-resistant, leak-proof, and not easily damaged, with a long service life. PE-X, PE-RT, PB, and aluminum-plastic composite pipes can be considered. The radiant air conditioning system only requires 30-35℃ in winter, utilizing low-quality heat energy at around 35℃ for heating, improving the comfort of rooms in the building. In the radiant heating system, low-temperature water from rooms in the building absorbs heat from the plate heat exchanger E-12, and its temperature rises. The heated hot water is then driven by the heat recovery circulation pump E-14 into the underground coil S-1 in the rooms for comfortable heating.

[0060] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the radiant heating system is equipped with a water supply tank E-15, a water supply pump E-16, and an expansion tank E-17 for water supply and pressure stabilization. The water supply circuit includes the water supply tank E-15 located at the outlet of the underground coil S-1, the water supply pump E-16 located at the outlet of the water supply tank E-15 to regulate the water flow, and the expansion tank E-17 for storing water. The water supply circuit can realize functions such as pressure stabilization, automatic water supply, automatic air venting, automatic water discharge, and automatic overpressure protection for the system.

[0061] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, temperature sensor T-7 (No. 7) and temperature sensor T-8 (No. 8) are installed at the inlet and outlet of the spray water system, respectively, to monitor the water temperature and ensure the final cooling effect. The final temperature of the water flowing back to the converter valve bridge arm is 20-25℃.

[0062] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, generator E-19 absorbs heat from the converter valve, causing its temperature to rise and heating the working fluid within it. The low-boiling-point refrigerant vaporizes into a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which then enters condenser E-22. The high-temperature, high-pressure absorbent, after being throttled and depressurized by expansion valve V-14, becomes a low-pressure liquid. In condenser E-22, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant releases heat to the cooling water and condenses into a liquid state. The cooling water is then cooled by spraying in the cooling tower. The liquid refrigerant, after being depressurized and cooled by expansion valve V-13, enters evaporator E-23, where it absorbs heat from the chilled water and vaporizes into low-pressure refrigerant vapor. The chilled water exchanges heat with the heat exchanger, transferring cooling capacity to the user. The low-pressure refrigerant vapor enters absorber E-20 and is absorbed by the low-temperature, low-pressure absorbent. Both are then pressurized by solution pump E-21 and sent back to generator E-19, thus completing the cycle.

[0063] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from a converter valve, characterized in that: The system includes a filter (E-4), a converter valve (E-1), a degassing tank (E-2), a main circulating water pump (E-3), an electric gate valve (V-1), an electric gate valve (V-2), and an electric three-way valve (V-3) connected in sequence on the main circulation loop. The electric three-way valve (V-3) is connected in series with the absorption refrigeration system and the spray water system through an electric regulating valve (V-10) and a check valve (V-11) at both ends, respectively. The electric gate valve (V-1) is connected to the air-cooled system at both ends, the electric gate valve (V-2) is connected to the radiant heating system at both ends, and the converter valve (E-1) is connected to the auxiliary circulation loop at both ends. The air-cooled system includes an air-cooled heat exchanger (E-11). One end of the air-cooled heat exchanger (E-11) is equipped with a first electric butterfly valve (V-4) and a first temperature sensor (T-1). The other end of the air-cooled heat exchanger (E-11) is equipped with a second check valve (V-5), a first electric regulating valve (V-6), and a second temperature sensor (T-2). The first electric butterfly valve (V-4) is used for pipeline maintenance. The second check valve (V-5) is used to prevent water backflow in the pipeline. The first electric regulating valve (V-6) is used to regulate the water volume in the pipeline. The first temperature sensor (T-1) and the second temperature sensor (T-2) are used to monitor changes in water temperature in the pipeline. The air-cooled heat exchanger (E-11) is connected to the heat transmission pipeline. In winter, it is used to transport heated outdoor air to outdoor pipelines and equipment to prevent the cold water temperature inside the pipelines or equipment from dropping below 0°C due to low ambient temperature, which could cause the pipelines to freeze and crack. The radiant heating system includes a plate heat exchanger (E-12). One end of the plate heat exchanger (E-12) is equipped with a third electric butterfly valve (V-7), a third check valve (V-8), a second electric regulating valve (V-9), a third temperature sensor (T-3), and a fourth temperature sensor (T-4). The other end of the plate heat exchanger (E-12) is equipped with a heat recovery circulation pump (E-14) and a third filter (E-13). The third electric butterfly valve (V-7) is used to facilitate pipeline maintenance. The third check valve (V-8) is used to prevent water backflow. The second electric regulating valve (V-9) is used to regulate the water volume in the pipeline. The third temperature sensor (T-3) and the fourth temperature sensor (T-4) are used to monitor changes in water temperature in the pipeline. The heat recovery circulation pump (E-14) is used to provide power to the radiant heating system. The third filter (E-13) is used to remove impurities from the water in the radiant heating system.

2. A combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from a converter valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the main circulation loop, a degassing tank (E-2) is installed at the outlet end of the converter valve (E-1) and the inlet end of the main circulating water pump (E-3). The inlet end of the converter valve (E-1) and the outlet end of the main circulating water pump (E-3) are equipped with a first electric gate valve (V-1), a second electric gate valve (V-2), an electric three-way valve (V-3), a third electric regulating valve (V-10), a first check valve (V-11), and a first filter (E-4). The main circulating water pump (E-3)... Two units are installed, one for operation and one for standby, to provide system power. The degassing tank (E-2) is used to stabilize the water pressure in the pipeline. The first electric gate valve (V-1), the second electric gate valve (V-2), and the electric three-way valve (V-3) are used to change the direction of water flow inside the system. The third electric regulating valve (V-10) is used to regulate the amount of internal cooling water. The first check valve (V-11) is used to prevent water from flowing back in the pipeline. The first filter (E-4) is used to treat impurities in the water.

3. A combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from a converter valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The absorption refrigeration system includes an absorbent cycle and a refrigerant cycle. The absorbent cycle is a forward cycle, and the refrigerant cycle is a reverse cycle. The forward cycle includes a generator (E-19), an absorber (E-20), a solution pump (E-21), and a pressure reducing valve (V-14). The reverse cycle includes a condenser (E-22), an evaporator (E-23), and an expansion valve (V-13). The electric three-way valve (V-3) is connected to the second plate heat exchanger (E-18), one end of the generator (E-19) is connected to the second plate heat exchanger (E-18), and the other end of the generator (E-19) is connected to the absorber (E-20). The generator (E-19) is used to absorb heat from the second plate heat exchanger (E-18) to heat the working fluid of the absorption refrigeration system, i.e., the refrigerant-absorbent solution, to boiling point. The refrigerant with a low boiling point is vaporized to form a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The absorber (E-20) is used to release heat to the outside and absorb the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant with a liquid absorbent.

4. A combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from a converter valve as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A solution pump (E-21) and a pressure reducing valve (V-14) are provided between the generator (E-19) and the absorber (E-20). The solution pump (E-21) is used to pressurize the refrigerant-absorbent solution in a low-pressure state before it enters the generator (E-19), and the pressure reducing valve (V-14) is used to depressurize the absorbent solution in a high-pressure state before it enters the absorber (E-20). The generator (E-19) is connected to the condenser (E-22), and the absorber (E-20) is connected to the evaporator (E-23). ​​An expansion valve (V-13) is provided between the condenser (E-22) and the evaporator (E-23). ​​The condenser (E-22) is used to release heat to the outside to liquefy the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the generator (E-19). The expansion valve (V-13) is used to reduce the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant. The evaporator (E-23) is used to absorb heat from the outside to vaporize the refrigerant into low-pressure vapor.

5. A combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from a converter valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The spray water system is a non-closed circulating water system, comprising a spray tower (E-24), a spray pump (E-25), a buffer tank, a dosing pump, a water treatment tank, a No. 2 electric butterfly valve (V-12), a No. 7 temperature sensor (T-7), and a No. 8 temperature sensor (T-8). The spray tower (E-24) is equipped with a spray device and a variable frequency cooling fan. The spray device uses spray water to cool the internal cooling water from the valve hall. The variable frequency cooling fan is used to discharge the steam generated during the process. Two spray pumps (E-25) are provided, one for each pump. The system is used to transport spray water to the spray tower (E-24). The raw water is treated with chemicals in the water treatment tank to ensure that the external cooling water quality meets the standards. During water treatment, the system is connected to the buffer tank via the No. 3 water supply pump (E-26). Two No. 3 water supply pumps (E-26) are provided, one for use and one for standby. When the water level in the buffer tank is low, the No. 3 water supply pump (E-26) is turned on. The No. 2 electric butterfly valve (V-12) is used to facilitate pipeline maintenance. The No. 7 temperature sensor (T-7) and the No. 8 temperature sensor (T-8) are used to monitor the water temperature.

6. A combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from a converter valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary circulation loop has a second filter (E-7) installed at the outlet of the ion exchanger (E-8). The outlet of the second filter (E-7) is equipped with an expansion tank (E-5) and a nitrogen tank (E-6). The ion exchanger (E-8) and the second filter (E-7) are used to treat a portion of the impurities in the water in the main circulation loop. The expansion tank (E-5) and the nitrogen tank (E-6) are used to buffer changes in the water volume of the main circulation loop, while isolating air and maintaining constant pressure. The inlet bypass of the ion exchanger (E-8) is equipped with a first water supply pump (E-9) and a water supply tank (E-10). Two first water supply pumps (E-9) are provided, one for use and one for standby, to replenish the water in the water supply tank (E-10) to the system.

7. A combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from a converter valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A water replenishment circuit is provided between the No. 1 plate heat exchanger (E-12) and the heat recovery circulation pump (E-14). The water replenishment circuit includes a water replenishment tank (E-15), a second water replenishment pump (E-16), and a second expansion tank (E-17). The water replenishment tank (E-15) is used to replenish the water lost due to leakage from pipes and valves during the operation of the radiant heating system. The second water replenishment pump (E-16) is used to provide power to the radiant heating system. The second expansion tank (E-17) is used to store water.

8. A combined cooling and heating system based on the cascade utilization of waste heat from a converter valve as described in claim 7, characterized in that: During the heating season, the No. 1 plate heat exchanger (E-12) transfers the heat generated by the operation of the system's converter valve to the rooms of the building with pre-embedded underground coils (S-1), and the underground coils (S-1) dissipate the heat into the rooms through radiant heating.

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