A split-stirling cryogenic engine

Abstract

The application provides a rotordynamic Stirling refrigerator, which comprises a compression rotor machine and an expansion rotor machine, the expansion rotor machine is located at a cold end, and the compression rotor machine is located at a hot end; the compression rotor machine has a hot chamber with a periodically changed volume; the expansion rotor machine has a cold chamber with a periodically changed volume; the phase angle of the rotor in the expansion rotor machine is 90 degrees different from that of the rotor in the compression rotor machine; the hot chamber with a gradually reduced volume in the compression rotor machine is communicated with the cold chamber with a gradually increased volume in the expansion rotor machine through a heat exchange device; the hot chamber with a gradually increased volume in the compression rotor machine is communicated with the cold chamber with a gradually reduced volume in the expansion rotor machine through a heat exchange device, and when the hot chamber with a gradually increased volume is in a starting expansion state, the cold chamber with a gradually reduced volume communicated with the hot chamber is in a starting compression state. The application can avoid the loss of cold energy caused by the heat conduction of the cylinder.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of refrigeration, in particular to a rotor split Stirling cryocooler. BACKGROUND

[0002] Stirling cryocooler is a kind of refrigeration device working on the principle of reverse Stirling cycle. Because it can work at a relatively low temperature environment with high efficiency, and has the advantages of wide working temperature range, fast start and high efficiency, it is widely used in low temperature technology and some high-precision refrigeration fields.

[0003] Stirling cryocooler can be divided into two types according to the position relationship between compression chamber and expansion chamber, namely integral type and split type.

[0004] The compression chamber and expansion chamber of the integral Stirling cryocooler are assembled in the same shell and are driven by a crank connecting rod structure, which ensures the phase difference of the volume change in the chamber. However, the structure of the crank connecting rod makes the device vibrate greatly.

[0005] The compression chamber and expansion chamber of the split Stirling cryocooler are generally connected by a metal hose, and the phase difference between them during work is ensured by a gas spring resonance system, so the vibration is small, and it is therefore used in low vibration occasions.

[0006] At present, the relatively mature Stirling cryocooler is mostly a piston type or a two-stage piston type, which realizes the volume change in the body by the reciprocating motion of the piston, which leads to relatively serious vibration and noise problems. However, as the use of Stirling cryocooler becomes more and more widespread, the requirements for the cryocooler are becoming more and more stringent, so it is necessary to design a Stirling cryocooler that can solve the vibration and noise problems and improve the refrigeration efficiency. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a rotor split Stirling engine, which rotates to avoid the reciprocating motion of the traditional piston type refrigeration machine, which can alleviate the vibration and noise problem to some extent. The proposed rotor split Stirling engine separates the two rotor machines, which is equivalent to separating the cold end and the hot end, which can avoid the loss of cold energy caused by heat conduction of the cylinder.

[0008] The present application achieves the above technical purpose by the following technical means.

[0009] The application discloses a rotor split Stirling refrigerator, which comprises a compression rotor machine and an expansion rotor machine, the expansion rotor machine is located at a cold end, and the compression rotor machine is located at a hot end; the compression rotor machine is provided with a hot chamber with a periodically changed volume; the expansion rotor machine is provided with a cold chamber with a periodically changed volume; the phase angle of the rotor in the expansion rotor machine is 90 degrees different from that of the rotor in the compression rotor machine; the hot chamber with a gradually reduced volume in the compression rotor machine is communicated with the cold chamber with a gradually increased volume in the expansion rotor machine through a heat exchange device; the hot chamber with a gradually increased volume in the compression rotor machine is communicated with the cold chamber with a gradually reduced volume in the expansion rotor machine through a heat exchange device, and when the hot chamber with a gradually increased volume is in an initial expansion state, the cold chamber with a gradually reduced volume communicated with the hot chamber is in an initial compression state. The application utilizes the rotor machine as the compressor and the expander of the refrigerator, the triangular rotor divides the cylinder into three independent chambers, and the gas in each chamber is periodically compressed and expanded. Only the phase of the expander is set to be 90 degrees behind the compressor during operation, and the three chambers are correspondingly connected, so that each pair of connected chambers performs Stirling reverse circulation, and the system formed by the two rotor machines simultaneously performs three Stirling reverse circulations. However, the position of each chamber of the triangular rotor machine is always changing, in order to realize that two chambers are always connected and do not affect the sealing performance of the rotor machine, the application further comprises a rotary valve assembly, and the chambers can be connected as required through the alternately opened three channels.

[0010] Further, the heat exchange device comprises a rotary valve assembly, a heat accumulator and metal heat exchange pipes; the heat accumulator is communicated with the metal heat exchange pipes at two ends, each metal heat exchange pipe is communicated with the outlet of the rotary valve assembly, one inlet of the rotary valve assembly is communicated with the hot chamber, and the other inlet of the rotary valve assembly is communicated with the cold chamber; the rotary valve assembly switches the chambers communicated with the metal heat exchange pipes through the rotation of a valve core.

[0011] Further, the rotary valve assembly comprises a shell, a valve core and a valve shaft, one end of the shell is provided with an inlet communicated with the hot chamber / cold chamber, the other end of the shell is provided with an outlet communicated with the metal heat exchange pipe, the shell is provided with the valve core, and the valve shaft is in driving connection with the valve core; the rotation of the valve core is used for switching the different hot chambers / cold chambers communicated with the metal heat exchange pipes.

[0012] Further, the rotary valve assembly communicated with the hot chamber is synchronously rotated with the triangular rotor of the compressor of the compression rotor machine through a synchronous mechanism; the rotary valve assembly communicated with the cold chamber is synchronously rotated with the triangular rotor of the expander of the expansion rotor machine through the synchronous mechanism.

[0013] Further, the synchronous mechanism comprises a large gear and a small gear, the large gear is connected with the rotor shaft of the compressor or the rotor shaft of the expander, the small gear is connected with the valve core of the rotary valve assembly, and the large gear is engaged with the small gear.

[0014] Further, the gear ratio of the large gear and the pinion is 3:1.

[0015] The present application has the advantages of:

[0016] 1. The rotor split Stirling refrigerator, the expansion rotor machine is located in the cold end, and the compression rotor machine is located in the hot end, so that the compressor and the expander are distributed in a split manner, which is equivalent to separating the cold end and the hot end, so that the loss of cold energy caused by heat conduction of the cylinder body can be avoided.

[0017] 2. The rotor split Stirling refrigerator, the compression and expansion of the working medium are realized by the rotation of the triangular rotor, the triangular rotor has small simple friction with the cylinder wall, and the piston is used for reciprocating motion, and the piston has a difference in coaxial degree with the cylinder wall, which can cause lateral friction of the piston on the cylinder wall and reduce vibration.

[0018] 3. The rotor split Stirling refrigerator, two rotor machines are distributed in a split manner, one as a hot end and the other as a cold end, so that the cold and hot cavities are separated, the temperature difference between different cavities in the same rotor machine is very small, and the heat conduction of the cavity wall is avoided to affect the cycle. At the same time, the rotor machines are distributed in a split manner, and the material of the cavity is not limited by the heat conduction between the cavities, so that the device can be processed by using a material with higher thermal conductivity, so that the whole rotor machine participates in the heat exchange process of the cycle, thereby the size of the heat exchanger can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. The drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 The rotor split Stirling refrigerator is a three-dimensional view.

[0021] Figure 2 The compression rotor machine is a whole schematic view.

[0022] Figure 3 The expansion rotor machine is a whole schematic view.

[0023] Figure 4 The rotary valve assembly installation schematic view is provided.

[0024] Figure 5 The rotor split Stirling refrigerator is a schematic view.

[0025] Figure 6 Explosive schematic diagram of the rotary valve assembly described in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 Chamber distribution schematic diagram described in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 Triangular rotor top dead center position schematic diagram described in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 Compressor triangular rotor at top dead center schematic diagram described in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 Compressor triangular rotor at 90° before top dead center schematic diagram described in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 Compressor triangular rotor at 120° before top dead center schematic diagram described in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 Compressor triangular rotor at 210° before top dead center schematic diagram described in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 13 Compressor triangular rotor at 240° before top dead center schematic diagram described in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 14 Compressor triangular rotor at 330° before top dead center schematic diagram described in the present invention.

[0034] In the figure:

[0035] 1 - compression rotor machine; 2 - expansion rotor machine; 3 - rotary valve assembly; 4 - regenerator; 5 - metal heat exchange tube; 6 - compression machine cylinder wall; 7 - compression machine triangular rotor; 8 - compression machine rotor shaft; 9 - compression machine first gas hole; 10 - compression machine second gas hole; 11 - compression machine third gas hole; 12 - large gear; 13 - adapter; 14 - expansion machine cylinder wall; 15 - expansion machine triangular rotor; 16 - expansion machine rotor shaft; 17 - expansion machine gas hole; 18 - first valve; 19 - second valve; 20 - third valve; 21 - fourth valve; 22 - fifth valve; 23 - sixth valve; 24 - first interface; 25 - second interface; 26 - third interface; 27 - fixed three-port disc; 28 - valve core; 29 - fixed single-port disc; 30 - valve shaft; 31 - small gear; 32 - first chamber; 33 - second chamber; 34 - third chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar components are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout the drawings, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and are not to be understood as limiting the present application.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0038] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixedly connected, can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] As Figure 1As shown, the rotor-split Stirling refrigerator of the present invention includes a compression rotor 1 and an expansion rotor 2, wherein the expansion rotor 2 is located at the cold end and the compression rotor 1 is located at the hot end; the compression rotor 1 has a hot chamber with periodically changing volume; the expansion rotor 2 has a cold chamber with periodically changing volume; the phase angle of the rotor in the expansion rotor 2 differs from the phase angle of the rotor in the compression rotor 1 by 90°; the hot chamber in the compression rotor 1 with gradually decreasing volume is connected to the cold chamber in the expansion rotor 2 with gradually increasing volume through a heat exchange device; the hot chamber in the compression rotor 1 with gradually increasing volume is connected to the cold chamber in the expansion rotor 2 with gradually decreasing volume through a heat exchange device, and when the hot chamber with gradually increasing volume is in the initial expansion state, the cold chamber with gradually decreasing volume connected to it is in the initial compression state. By separating the compression rotor 1 and the expansion rotor 2, the cold end and the hot end are effectively isolated. This avoids the loss of cooling capacity caused by heat conduction from the cylinder. At the same time, the temperature difference between different cavities within the same rotor is minimal, preventing heat conduction from the cavity walls from affecting the circulation.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the compressor rotor 1 includes a compressor cylinder wall 6, a compressor triangular rotor 7, a compressor rotor shaft 8, and a large gear 12. The compressor cylinder wall 6 houses the compressor triangular rotor 7, and the compressor rotor shaft 8 drives the compressor triangular rotor 7 to rotate. Through the rotation of the compressor triangular rotor 7, the compressor cylinder wall 6 has three chambers with periodically changing volumes. For ease of explanation, the chambers within the compressor cylinder wall 6 are defined as hot chambers, but they should not be narrowly interpreted as chambers with extremely high temperatures. One end of the compressor rotor shaft 8 is connected to the large gear 10, which drives the large gear 12 to rotate simultaneously with the rotation of the compressor triangular rotor 7. The compressor cylinder wall 6 has three compressor air holes: a first compressor air hole 9, a second compressor air hole 10, and a third compressor air hole 11. These three compressor air holes correspond to three hot chambers. It can be assumed that in any state, at least one compressor air hole is connected to one hot chamber among the three periodically changing hot chambers. When the rotor is at top dead center or bottom dead center, there are two compressor air holes and one hot chamber, as shown below. Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 With the rotor at top dead center, one compressor port is simultaneously connected to two hot chambers; that is, two compressor ports are connected to one hot chamber. However, this state is very brief, so in the principle description, it is assumed that one compressor port is connected to one hot chamber. Figure 7 As shown, it can be Figure 7 If the casing is regarded as the compressor cylinder wall 6, then the first chamber 32, the second chamber 33 and the third chamber 34 inside it can be understood as the first hot chamber, the second hot chamber and the third hot chamber.

[0041] The expander rotor 2 and the compressor rotor 1 have the same structure, except that the expander lags behind the compressor by 90° in phase. Figure 3 As shown, the expander rotor 2 includes an expander cylinder wall 14, an expander triangular rotor 15, an expander rotor shaft 16, expander vents 17, and a large gear 12. The expander cylinder wall 14 houses the expander triangular rotor 15, and the expander rotor shaft 16 drives the expander triangular rotor 15 to rotate. Through the rotation of the expander triangular rotor 15, the expander cylinder wall 14 has three chambers with periodically changing volumes. For ease of explanation, the chambers within the expander cylinder wall 14 are defined as cold chambers, but they should not be narrowly interpreted as chambers with extremely low temperatures. One end of the expander triangular rotor 15 is connected to the large gear 12, driving the large gear 12 to rotate simultaneously with the expansion triangular rotor 15. The expander cylinder wall 14 has three expander vents 17; these three expander vents 17 correspond to three cold chambers. It can be assumed that in any state, at least one expander vent 17 is connected to one of the three periodically changing cold chambers. Figure 7 As shown, it can be Figure 7 If the shell is regarded as the cylinder wall 14 of the expander, then the first chamber 32, the second chamber 33 and the third chamber 34 inside it can be understood as the first cold chamber, the second cold chamber and the third cold chamber.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the heat exchange equipment includes a rotary valve assembly 3, a heat accumulator 4, and metal heat exchange tubes 5; the heat accumulator 4 is connected to the metal heat exchange tubes 5 at both ends, each metal heat exchange tube 5 is connected to the outlet of the rotary valve assembly 3, one rotary valve assembly 3 inlet is connected to the hot chamber, and the other rotary valve assembly 3 inlet is connected to the cold chamber; the rotary valve assembly 3 switches the chambers connected to the metal heat exchange tubes 5 by rotating the valve core.

[0043] In this embodiment, three sets of heat exchange equipment are required: six rotary valve assemblies 3, three heat accumulators 4, and six metal heat exchange tubes 5. Three compressor ports and three expander ports 17 are connected to adapters 13, which are one-in-three-out connectors. Taking the compressor rotor 1 as an example, the first compressor port 9 is connected to the first inlet of each of the three rotary valve assemblies 3 via three branches branching off from adapter 13. The second compressor port 10 is connected to the second inlet of each of the three rotary valve assemblies 3 via three branches branching off from adapter 13. The third compressor port 11 is connected to the third inlet of each of the three rotary valve assemblies 3 via three branches branching off from adapter 13. The outlet of each rotary valve assembly 3 is connected to one end of the heat accumulator 4 via a metal heat exchange tube 5. The connection method between the expander ports 17 and the rotary valve assemblies 3 is the same as that between the compressor ports and the rotary valve assemblies 3, and therefore will not be repeated.

[0044] As Figure 4 and Figure 6 shown, the rotating valve assembly 3 includes a housing, a valve core 28 and a valve shaft 30, one end of the housing is provided with an inlet communicating with the hot / cold chamber, the other end of the housing is provided with an outlet communicating with the metal heat exchange pipe 5, the housing is provided with the valve core 28, the valve shaft 30 is in driving connection with the valve core 28, by rotating the valve core 28, different hot / cold chambers and metal heat exchange pipes 5 are switched to communicate. The housing includes a fixed three-port disc 27 and a fixed single-port disc 29; the first interface 24, the second interface 25 and the third interface 26 on the fixed three-port disc are respectively connected with one gas hole on the cylinder wall. The rotating valve assembly 3 communicating with the hot chamber rotates synchronously with the compressor triangular rotor 7 of the compression rotor machine 1 through the synchronous mechanism; the rotating valve assembly 3 communicating with the cold chamber rotates synchronously with the expander triangular rotor 15 of the expansion rotor machine 2 through the synchronous mechanism. The synchronous mechanism includes a large gear 12 and a small gear 31, the large gear 12 is connected with the compressor rotor shaft 8 or the expander rotor shaft 16, the small gear 31 is connected with the valve core of the rotating valve assembly 3, the large gear 12 is engaged with the small gear 31. The tooth number ratio of the large gear 12 and the small gear 31 is 3:1. The rotor shaft rotates one circle, the valve shaft 30 rotates 1 / 3 circle. Because the tooth number ratio of the gear between the rotor shaft and the rotor is 1:3, the rotor shaft rotates one circle, the rotor rotates 1 / 3 circle. Therefore, the rotation speed of the rotor and the rotating disc of the valve is the same, when the rotor rotates 1 / 3 circle, the valve also rotates 1 / 3 circle, so that the valve switches different hot / cold chambers and metal heat exchange pipes 5 to communicate.

[0045] As Figure 5For the schematic diagram of the rotor split Stirling refrigerator of the present application, for the convenience of description, the three hot chambers are respectively marked as hot chamber A, hot chamber B and hot chamber C, and the three cold chambers are respectively marked as cold chamber D, cold chamber E and cold chamber F. Since the rotor is in the top dead center state for a very short time, it is considered that one compressor gas hole / expander gas hole is only connected with one chamber in the principle introduction. The hot chamber A is connected with the first inlet of the first valve 18, the second valve 19 and the third valve 20 through the compressor first gas hole 9, the hot chamber B is connected with the second inlet of the first valve 18, the second valve 19 and the third valve 20 through the compressor second gas hole 10, and the hot chamber C is connected with the third inlet of the first valve 18, the second valve 19 and the third valve 20 through the compressor third gas hole 11. The first valve 18 is connected with the fourth valve 21 through the metal heat exchange pipe 5, the second valve 19 is connected with the fifth valve 22 through the metal heat exchange pipe 5, and the third valve 20 is connected with the sixth valve 23 through the metal heat exchange pipe 5. Similarly, the cold chamber D is connected with the first inlet of the fourth valve 21, the fifth valve 22 and the sixth valve 23, the cold chamber E is connected with the second inlet of the fourth valve 21, the fifth valve 22 and the sixth valve 23, and the cold chamber F is connected with the third inlet of the fourth valve 21, the fifth valve 22 and the sixth valve 23.

[0046] Figure 5 The rotor in the compressor is about to rotate counterclockwise through the top dead center, at this time the volume of the hot chamber A gradually decreases, and at the same time the volume of the cold chamber F in the expander gradually increases, the hot chamber A is connected with the cold chamber F through the heat exchange device; the volume of the hot chamber B gradually increases, and at the same time the volume of the cold chamber D in the expander gradually decreases, the hot chamber B is connected with the cold chamber D through the heat exchange device; the volume of the hot chamber C gradually increases, and at the same time the volume of the cold chamber E in the expander gradually decreases, the hot chamber C is connected with the cold chamber E through the heat exchange device; it can be seen from the figure that the hot chamber C is in the initial expansion state, and the cold chamber E is in the initial compression state.

[0047] The circulation of the hot chamber A and the cold chamber F will be described below as an example:

[0048] Figure 9The compressor's triangular rotor 7 initially operates at top dead center. The compressor rotor shaft 8 drives the triangular rotor 7 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the compressor's hot chamber A is connected to the first inlet of the first valve 18, the second valve 19, and the third valve 20 through the compressor's first air port 9. The rotation of the valve core of the first valve 18 at this time connects the first inlet of the first valve 18 with its outlet. When the hot chamber A is at top dead center, the internal working fluid begins to be compressed. Due to heat dissipation from the cylinder wall, the working fluid temperature cannot rise synchronously, resulting in an isothermal compression process that releases heat. Subsequently, the working fluid enters the heat accumulator 4 through the metal heat exchange tube 5, where it absorbs heat and undergoes an isochoric heat release process. At this time, the rotation of the valve core of the fourth valve 21 connects the third inlet of the fourth valve 21 with its outlet, allowing the working fluid to enter the cold chamber F through the third inlet of the fourth valve 21. The working fluid expands, and both its temperature and pressure decrease, absorbing heat from the surrounding environment to maintain its own temperature, thus undergoing an isothermal expansion process.

[0049] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in the figure, during the process of the compressor triangular rotor 7 rotating counterclockwise from 90° before top dead center to 120° before top dead center, the volume of the compressor hot chamber A gradually increases while the corresponding volume of the cold chamber F gradually decreases. At this time, the expander cold chamber F is connected to the first inlet of the fourth valve 21, the fifth valve 22 and the sixth valve 23. At this time, the valve core of the fourth valve 21 rotates to the position that the first inlet of the fourth valve 21 is connected to its outlet. When the expander cold chamber F starts to compress, the working fluid is pushed through the heat accumulator 4 to absorb heat and return to the compressor hot chamber A.

[0050] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown in the figure, during the process of the compressor triangular rotor 7 rotating counterclockwise from 210° before top dead center to 240° before top dead center, the volume of the compressor hot chamber A gradually decreases, while the corresponding volume of the cold chamber F gradually increases. The compressor hot chamber A is connected to the second inlet of the first valve 18, the second valve 19 and the third valve 20 through the compressor second air hole 10. At this time, the position of the valve core of the first valve 18 rotates so that the second inlet of the first valve 18 is connected to its outlet. The working fluid in the compressor hot chamber A is pushed through the heat accumulator 4 to absorb heat and return to the expander cold chamber F.

[0051] like Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown in the figure, during the process of the compressor triangular rotor 7 rotating counterclockwise from 240° before top dead center to 330° before top dead center, the volume of the compressor hot chamber A gradually increases, and the corresponding volume of the cold chamber F gradually decreases. At this time, the expander cold chamber F is connected to the second inlet of the fourth valve 21, the fifth valve 22 and the sixth valve 23. At this time, the position of the valve core of the fourth valve 21 rotates so that the second inlet of the fourth valve 21 is connected to its outlet. When the expander cold chamber F starts to compress, the working fluid is pushed through the heat accumulator 4 to absorb heat and return to the compressor hot chamber A.

[0052] like Figure 14 and Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the compressor triangular rotor 7 continues to rotate counterclockwise from 330° before the top dead center back to the top dead center position. During this process, the volume of the compressor hot chamber A gradually decreases, while the corresponding volume of the cold chamber F gradually increases. The compressor hot chamber A is connected to the first inlet of the first valve 18, the second valve 19 and the third valve 20 through the compressor first air hole 9. At this time, the position of the valve core of the first valve 18 rotates so that the first inlet of the first valve 18 is connected to its outlet. The working fluid in the compressor hot chamber A is pushed through the heat accumulator 4 to absorb heat and enter the expander cold chamber F.

[0053] As shown in the flowchart, when compression begins in hot chamber A, the working fluid is compressed. Due to heat dissipation from the cylinder wall, the working fluid temperature cannot rise synchronously, resulting in isothermal compression and heat release. The working fluid then enters the accumulator 4 through the metal heat exchanger tube 5, where it absorbs heat, undergoing isochoric heat release. Next, the working fluid enters cold chamber F, where it expands, its temperature and pressure decreasing, absorbing heat from the surrounding environment to maintain its own temperature, undergoing isothermal expansion. When compression begins in cold chamber F, the working fluid is propelled through the accumulator 4 to absorb heat and return to hot chamber A. This completes one Stirling reverse cycle. In this cycle, the working fluid continuously absorbs heat in the expander chamber, while the compressor chamber continuously absorbs heat from the gas, causing the cold-end chamber temperature to continuously decrease, achieving a cooling effect. The three chambers of the compressor correspond one-to-one with the three chambers of the expander, simultaneously performing three Stirling reverse cycles. This Stirling refrigerator utilizes the advantages of a small rotor and high power density, and by separating the cold and hot ends, significantly improves cooling efficiency.

[0054] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0055] The above detailed description merely illustrates feasible embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application, and equivalent embodiments or changes made without departing from the spirit of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A split-Stirling cryogenic refrigerator, characterized in that, The compressor rotor machine (1) and the expansion rotor machine (2) are included, the expansion rotor machine (2) is located at the cold end, and the compression rotor machine (1) is located at the hot end; the compression rotor machine (1) has a hot chamber with a volume period change; the expansion rotor machine (2) has a cold chamber with a volume period change; the phase angle of the rotor in the expansion rotor machine (2) is 90 degrees different from the phase angle of the rotor in the compression rotor machine (1); The hot chamber with gradually decreasing volume in the compression rotor machine (1) is communicated with the cold chamber with gradually increasing volume in the expansion rotor machine (2) through a heat exchange device; the hot chamber with gradually increasing volume in the compression rotor machine (1) is communicated with the cold chamber with gradually decreasing volume in the expansion rotor machine (2) through a heat exchange device, and when the hot chamber with gradually increasing volume is in the initial expansion state, the cold chamber with gradually decreasing volume communicated therewith is in the initial compression state; The heat exchange device includes a rotary valve assembly (3), a heat accumulator (4) and a metal heat exchange pipe (5); the heat accumulator (4) is communicated with the metal heat exchange pipe (5) at both ends, each metal heat exchange pipe (5) is communicated with the outlet of the rotary valve assembly (3), the inlet of one rotary valve assembly (3) is communicated with the hot chamber, and the inlet of the other rotary valve assembly (3) is communicated with the cold chamber; the rotary valve assembly (3) switches the chamber communicated with the metal heat exchange pipe (5) by rotating the valve core; the rotary valve assembly (3) communicated with the hot chamber is synchronously rotated with the compressor triangular rotor (7) of the compression rotor machine (1) through a synchronous mechanism; the rotary valve assembly (3) communicated with the cold chamber is synchronously rotated with the expander triangular rotor (15) of the expansion rotor machine (2) through a synchronous mechanism.

2. A split-Stirling rotor refrigeration machine according to claim 1 characterised in that, The rotary valve assembly (3) includes a shell, a valve core (28) and a valve shaft (30), one end of the shell is provided with an inlet communicated with the hot chamber / cold chamber, the other end of the shell is provided with an outlet communicated with the metal heat exchange pipe (5), the valve core (28) is arranged in the shell, the valve shaft (30) is in transmission connection with the valve core (28), and different hot chambers / cold chambers and the metal heat exchange pipe (5) are switched by rotating the valve core (28).

3. A split-Stirling rotor refrigeration machine according to claim 1, characterised in that, The synchronous mechanism includes a large gear (12) and a small gear (31), the large gear (12) is connected with the compressor rotor shaft (8) or the expander rotor shaft (16), the small gear (31) is connected with the valve core of the rotary valve assembly (3), and the large gear (12) is engaged with the small gear (31).

4. A split-Stirling rotor refrigeration machine according to claim 3, characterised in that, The gear number ratio of the large gear (12) to the small gear (31) is 3:1.

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