Difficulty airway intubation model capable of simulating normal and small mandibular deformity faces

Abstract

The invention relates to a difficult airway intubation model capable of simulating normal and small mandibular deformity faces in the technical field of tracheal intubation. The tracheal intubation model is a human body model. The human body model comprises a head model and a lower jaw model; the human body model comprises an electric cylinder, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a shunting slide rail mechanism, a third connecting rod, a compression spring, a wire drawing motor, a movable sliding table mechanism and a wire drawing mechanism; one end of the stay wire mechanism is connected with the movable sliding table mechanism; the movable sliding table mechanism is connected with the wire drawing motor and is controlled by the wire drawing motor; the electric cylinder is connected with the first connecting rod which is connected with the second connecting rod which is connected with the lower jaw model. One end of the compression spring is fixed, and the other end is connected with the shunting slide rail mechanism which is connected with the lower jaw model through the third connecting rod. According to the invention, difficult airway intubation models of normal and small mandibular facets can be simulated, and switching between the normal mandibular facet and the small mandibular facet can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tracheal intubation, and in particular to a difficult airway intubation model capable of simulating normal and micromandibular deformity facial features. Background Art

[0002] Micromandibular deformity is manifested by a reduced mandible, a retracted chin, and a lower lip that is positioned posteriorly compared to the upper lip, which causes the tongue to be squeezed and moved backward, resulting in a smaller pharyngeal cavity. Furthermore, there are abnormal development of pharyngeal tissues, such as a soft and displaced epiglottis. Due to the abnormalities in the maxillofacial and oropharyngeal anatomy of these patients, a difficult airway is formed, resulting in difficulty in intubation during clinical anesthesia. Failure to identify such difficult airways in a timely manner may lead to serious clinical consequences and threaten the patient's life. In addition, such difficult airways are one of the great challenges for anesthesiologists.

[0003] Chinese patent CN202310126212.3 "A tracheal intubation training device" simulates different complex tracheal scenarios by setting up tooth components, epiglottis components, mandibular components, and neck components, such as loose incisors, small mouth opening (small mandibular opening angle), excessively enlarged tongue, poor neck mobility, short neck, long or wide epiglottis, or a combination of the above special conditions. The current invention patent does not involve the realization of the special condition of small mandibular face.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a technical solution, which can simulate the difficult airway intubation model of normal and small mandibular faces, and can realize the switching between the normal mandibular faces and the small mandibular faces. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a difficult airway intubation model that can simulate normal and small mandibular deformity faces. The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A difficult airway intubation model capable of simulating normal and micromandibular deformity faces, wherein the airway intubation model is a human body model; the human body model comprises a skull model and a mandibular model;

[0007] The human body model comprises an electric cylinder, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a diverter slide rail mechanism, a third connecting rod, a compression spring, a wire drawing motor, a movable slide mechanism, and a wire drawing mechanism;

[0008] One end of the wire pulling mechanism is connected to the movable slide mechanism, and the other end is connected to the mandibular model;

[0009] The movable slide mechanism is connected to the wire drawing motor and is controlled by the wire drawing motor;

[0010] The electric cylinder is connected to a first connecting rod, the first connecting rod is connected to the second connecting rod, and the second connecting rod is connected to the mandibular model;

[0011] One end of the compression spring is fixed, and the other end is connected to the diversion slide rail mechanism. The third connecting rod connects the diversion slide rail mechanism and the mandibular model.

[0012] Preferably, the stroke of the electric cylinder is 20 cm.

[0013] Preferably, the wire pulling mechanism comprises an outer ring bushing, a wire pulling wire and a fixing plate; the fixing plate is arranged at both ends of the wire pulling wire, and the outer ring bushing is sleeved on the wire pulling wire.

[0014] Preferably, the diverter slide rail mechanism is an inverted V-shaped structure.

[0015] The present invention can simulate difficult airway intubation models of normal and small mandibular faces, and can realize switching between the normal mandibular face and the small mandibular face. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] The same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "bottom", "top", "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific part, respectively.

[0018] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a difficult airway intubation model capable of simulating normal and micrognathic facial features;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The endotracheal intubation model shown simulates the opening and closing of the mouth on a normal face; Figure 2 The A in the letter represents an open mouth. Figure 2 The B in the figure indicates that the mouth is closed;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The endotracheal intubation model shown is a schematic diagram of the mouth opening and closing simulating micrognathia; wherein, Figure 3 The A in the letter represents an open mouth. Figure 3 The B in the figure indicates that the mouth is closed;

[0021] Figure 4 It is the position structure diagram of the wire pulling mechanism, the movable slide mechanism and the motor;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the internal structure diagram of the wire pulling mechanism;

[0023] Figure 6 It is the structural diagram of the diverter slide mechanism.

[0024] In the above drawings, the meanings of the symbols of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0025] 1. Head model;

[0026] 2. Mandibular model;

[0027] 3. Electric cylinder;

[0028] 4. First connecting rod;

[0029] 5. Second connecting rod;

[0030] 6. Diverter slide mechanism;

[0031] 7. Third connecting rod;

[0032] 8. Compression spring;

[0033] 9. Wire drawing motor;

[0034] 10. Mobile slide mechanism;

[0035] 11. Wire pulling mechanism;

[0036] 11-1; Outer ring bushing;

[0037] 11-2, pull the wire;

[0038] 11-3, fixing plate;

[0039] 12. Lead screw;

[0040] 13. Compression spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs; the terms used in the specific implementation methods are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0043] In the description of the specific implementation methods of the present invention, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0044] Reference to "embodiments" in the present invention means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in the present invention may be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present invention generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0046] Throughout the present invention, numerical values ​​represent approximate measures or limits of ranges to cover minor deviations from given values ​​as well as embodiments with the values ​​mentioned and embodiments with the exact values ​​mentioned. In addition to the working examples provided at the end of the detailed description, all numerical values ​​of parameters (e.g., amounts or conditions) in this specification (including the appended claims) should be understood as being modified by the term "about" in all cases, regardless of whether "about" actually appears before the numerical value. "About" indicates that the stated numerical value allows for some minor imprecision (close to the exact value of the value to some extent; approximately or reasonably close to the value; almost). If the imprecision provided by "about" is not otherwise understood in this ordinary sense in the art, "about" as used in the present invention at least indicates the variation that can be produced by the ordinary methods of measuring and using such parameters. For example, "about" may include a variation of less than or equal to 5%, optionally less than or equal to 4%, optionally less than or equal to 3%, optionally less than or equal to 2%, optionally less than or equal to 1%, optionally less than or equal to 0.5%, and in some aspects, optionally less than or equal to 0.1%.

[0047] Additionally, disclosure of ranges includes disclosure of all values ​​within the entire range and further divided ranges, including endpoints and sub-ranges given for such ranges.

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below through examples. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to these examples.

[0049] Example

[0050] In a specific embodiment, Figure 1-6 As shown, a difficult airway intubation model that can simulate normal and small mandibular deformity faces, the tracheal intubation model is a human body model; the human body model includes a skull model 1 and a mandibular model 2; the human body model includes an electric cylinder 3, a first connecting rod 4, a second connecting rod 5, a diverter slide mechanism 6, a third connecting rod 7, a compression spring 8, a wire drawing motor 9, a mobile slide mechanism 10, and a wire drawing mechanism 11; one end of the wire drawing mechanism 11 is connected to the mobile slide mechanism 10, and the other end is connected to the mandibular model 2; the mobile slide mechanism 10 is connected to the wire drawing motor 9 and is controlled by the wire drawing motor 9; the electric cylinder 3 is connected to the first connecting rod 4, the first connecting rod 4 is connected to the second connecting rod 5, and the second connecting rod 5 is connected to the mandibular model 2; one end of the compression spring 8 is fixed, and the other end is connected to the diverter slide mechanism 6, and the third connecting rod 7 is connected to the diverter slide mechanism 6 and the mandibular model 2. The stroke of the electric cylinder 3 is 20cm. The wire pulling mechanism 11 comprises an outer ring bushing 11-1, a wire pulling and a fixing plate 11-3; the fixing plate 11-3 is arranged at both ends of the wire pulling, and the outer ring bushing 11-1 is sleeved on the wire pulling. The diverter slide rail mechanism 6 is an inverted V-shaped structure.

[0051] In order to simulate the state of airway intubation in patients with micrognathia in clinical practice, this embodiment places an electric cylinder 3 with a stroke of 20 mm, a connecting rod mechanism, a flow-dividing slide rail mechanism 6, and a compression spring 8 in the head of the human model. The connecting rod mechanism includes a first connecting rod 4, a second connecting rod 5, and a third connecting rod 7.

[0052] The electric cylinder 3 is connected to an external main control board through a wire, and the instructor controls the main control board through a control panel, thereby realizing the switching between normal and small jaw faces. The main control board and the control panel can transmit signals through channels such as WIFI or Bluetooth.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the initial state of the head of the human model is a normal face state, and the stroke of the electric cylinder 3 is 20mm. Under the force of the compression spring 8, the third connecting rod 7 is maintained at the center point of the diverter slide mechanism 6 without sliding, and the mouth is in a normal closed state; the third connecting rod 7 slides from the center point position to the right to increase the mouth opening, and the main power of this action comes from the wire pulling mechanism 11. Figure 4 The structure shown is a system mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the mouth, which mainly includes a movable slide mechanism 10, a wire pulling mechanism 11, etc. Among them, the movable slide mechanism 10 drives the slide to make a back-and-forth linear motion by rotating the lead screw 12 through the wire pulling motor 9. The wire pulling mechanism 11 is composed of an outer ring bushing 11-1, a wire pulling wire 11-2, and fixed plates 11-3 at both ends of the wire pulling wire 11-2. One end of the fixed plate 11-3 is fixed on the slide surface of the movable slide mechanism 10, and the other end of the fixed plate 11-3 is fixed on the mandibular fixed axis. The outer ring bushing 11-1 of the wire pulling mechanism 11 is fixed at both ends with compression springs 13. When the slide of the movable slide mechanism 10 makes a linear motion, the wire pulling wire in the wire pulling mechanism 11 is pulled back and forth to achieve the limit adjustment of the mouth opening degree within the range of 0.0cm to 5.0cm.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, when the instructor issues a "small mandible switch" command through the control panel, the electric cylinder 3 retracts 20 mm, and the first connecting rod 4 and the second connecting rod 5 drive the chin in the normal position to move obliquely toward the back of the head, so that the mandibular index is lower than normal, and the mandibular facial angle is at a higher angle. At the same time, the tongue position in the oral cavity is driven to fall back, causing upper airway obstruction. The third connecting rod 7 is maintained at the center point position of the diverter slide mechanism 6 under the force of the compression spring 8 without sliding, and the mouth is in a small mandible closed state; the third connecting rod 7 slides from the center position to the left position to increase the mouth opening, and the main power also comes from the pull wire mechanism 11 (such as Figure 4 shown).

[0055] like Figure 6The figure shows the diverter slide rail mechanism 6. When the cylinder is extended, the third connecting rod 7 rotates in the direction to generate the F force direction; when the cylinder is retracted, the third connecting rod 7 rotates in the direction to generate the F' force direction. When the F direction exists, the third connecting rod 7 slides to the left track at the slidable connection point of the diverter slide rail mechanism 6 (the circle shown in the figure); when the F' direction exists, the third connecting rod 7 slides to the right track at the slidable connection point of the diverter slide rail mechanism 6.

[0056] In addition, in this embodiment, the artificial skin is covered on the outside of the human body model's head. The artificial skin at the mandible has a certain elasticity and can be closely attached to the mandible and adjusted in real time with the mandible position, thereby realizing the switching between a normal mandibular face and a small mandibular face.

[0057] It should be pointed out that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A difficult airway intubation model capable of simulating normal and micromandibular facial features, wherein the airway intubation model is a human body model; the human body model comprises a skull model and a mandibular model; characterized in that: The human body model comprises an electric cylinder, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a diverter slide rail mechanism, a third connecting rod, a compression spring, a wire drawing motor, a movable slide mechanism, and a wire drawing mechanism; One end of the wire pulling mechanism is connected to the movable slide mechanism, and the other end is connected to the mandibular model; The movable slide mechanism is connected to the wire drawing motor and is controlled by the wire drawing motor; The electric cylinder is connected to a first connecting rod, the first connecting rod is connected to the second connecting rod, and the second connecting rod is connected to the mandibular model; One end of the compression spring is fixed, and the other end is connected to the diversion slide rail mechanism. The third connecting rod connects the diversion slide rail mechanism and the mandibular model.

2. The difficult airway intubation model capable of simulating normal and micromandibular deformity facial features according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stroke of the electric cylinder is 20 cm.

3. The difficult airway intubation model capable of simulating normal and micromandibular deformity facial features according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire pulling mechanism comprises an outer ring bushing, a wire pulling and a fixing plate; the fixing plate is arranged at both ends of the wire pulling, and the outer ring bushing is sleeved on the wire pulling.

4. The difficult airway intubation model capable of simulating normal and micromandibular deformity facial features according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion slide rail mechanism is an inverted V-shaped structure.

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