Thermal control structure of circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer based on thermal convection mechanism

Abstract

The application provides a heat control structure of a circular tube type underwater acoustic transducer based on a heat convection mechanism, which comprises a piezoelectric ceramic circular tube, a heat conduction structure body, a hard decoupling material of an upper cover plate, a hard decoupling material of a lower cover plate, a heat conduction upper cover plate, a heat conduction lower cover plate and a transducer watertight layer; positive electrode leads and negative electrode leads are led out from the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube respectively, a heat dissipation coating is arranged on the inner cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube, and the transducer watertight layer is coated on the outer cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube; a heat absorption coating is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the heat conduction structure body. Heat generated by the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube is conducted to the heat conduction structure body, and then is transmitted to the water environment through the heat conduction upper cover plate and the heat conduction lower cover plate, so that the heat control of the circular tube type underwater acoustic transducer is realized based on the heat convection mechanism, the heat dissipation capacity of the circular tube type underwater acoustic transducer is improved, the long time and high power working capacity of the transducer is improved, and the weight and volume load of the transducer are relatively controllable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heat control of underwater acoustic transducers, in particular to a heat control structure of a circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer based on a heat convection mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sound waves are the only information carrier that can be transmitted over long distances in the marine environment. Underwater acoustic transducers, as the carrier of underwater sound wave emission and reception, are widely used in the field of underwater acoustic engineering. In recent years, small-volume underwater acoustic engineering technology platforms such as unmanned underwater vehicles and underwater acoustic communication elements have put forward requirements for small volume, light weight, and wide frequency band of underwater acoustic transducers. Due to the advantages of horizontal non-directivity, large vertical opening angle, wide operating frequency band, large power capacity, and relatively small volume and mass, circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducers are widely used in underwater acoustic engineering technology platforms and have achieved good application results.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent with the publication number CN204231638U discloses an underwater acoustic transducer, which comprises a piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe and a base. The piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe is arranged above the base through a support component, and the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe is not in contact with the base. Two electrode sockets are arranged on the base, and each electrode socket comprises an electrode pin. The electrode pins of the two electrode sockets are connected to the outer wall and the inner wall of the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe through wires, respectively. A sealing rubber is arranged on the upper part of the base, and the sealing rubber covers the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe, the electrode sockets, and the support component and is vulcanized with them.

[0004] Although the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer has been well applied in the field of underwater acoustic engineering technology, the underwater acoustic engineering technology fields such as marine exploration and underwater acoustic communication further require to improve the transducer emission signal sound source level and pulse width in order to obtain greater processing gain and longer detection distance, thereby putting forward higher requirements for the long-time and high-power working capability of the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer.

[0005] When the underwater acoustic transducer works for a long time and at high power, the transducer will have a significant temperature rise due to the dielectric loss characteristics and mechanical loss characteristics of the active material in the transducer. The temperature of the transducer will gradually rise, and when it approaches the Curie temperature of the material, the temperature limit of the transducer will be gradually reached, thereby affecting the long-time and high-power working of the transducer.

[0006] In modern scientific research and engineering design, for the equipment working for a long time and with high stability, targeted heat control technology design must be carried out. Heat control technology is mainly realized through heat control mechanism and its application. Due to the difference of heat control mechanism, heat control technology can be divided into three kinds: heat conduction heat control technology, heat convection heat control technology, and heat radiation heat control technology.

[0007] In the field of underwater acoustic transducers, the thermal control technology design must adapt to the requirements of the transducer's work task for thermal control. A well-designed thermal control scheme, under the premise of reducing the impact on the electro-acoustic characteristics of the transducer, occupies as little transducer device weight resources, energy resources, and space resources as possible to complete the task requirements of the transducer overall for thermal control technology.

[0008] Therefore, in order to realize the high duty cycle or continuous high-power emission work of the underwater acoustic transducer, targeted research should be carried out on the thermal control technology of the underwater acoustic transducer. By improving the heat dissipation capacity of the underwater acoustic transducer, the high-power working time of the transducer is prolonged, and the power limit of the transducer is improved.

[0009] In existing research, the thermal control of ultrasonic transducers has been preliminarily studied, and mainly focuses on enhancing heat convection and fastening heat conduction to dissipate heat from ultrasonic transducers. However, there is less research on underwater acoustic transducers, which mainly focuses on using metal structures to conduct heat from underwater acoustic transducers. Therefore, the existing transducer thermal control mechanism research still has some problems.

[0010] (1) Some existing research is not applicable to the field of underwater acoustic transducers

[0011] Existing transducer thermal control research mainly focuses on the field of ultrasonic transducers. Although some of the components of ultrasonic transducers are similar to those of underwater acoustic transducers, there are some differences between their working states and environments, especially ultrasonic transducers work in air environment, which is quite different from the environment of underwater acoustic transducers. The related research on enhancing heat convection and fastening heat conduction cannot be applied to the field of underwater acoustic transducers.

[0012] (2) Existing research on underwater acoustic transducer thermal control does not use heat convection control mechanism

[0013] Existing research on underwater acoustic transducer thermal control mainly focuses on selecting and using high thermal conductivity materials as the transducer's own structure, and dissipating heat through high thermal conductivity structures to establish an effective heat dissipation path for the transducer. However, existing research lacks heat convection control research on underwater acoustic transducers.

[0014] (3) Existing research on underwater acoustic transducer thermal control is not applicable to circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducers

[0015] Further, the existing research mainly focuses on the thermal control research field of bending and stretching transducers and longitudinal transducers, while the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer, as a commonly used ocean exploration and underwater acoustic communication transducer, is mainly composed of a piezoelectric ceramic pipe, hard decoupling material, and upper and lower metal plates. It has typical characteristics in structure, which are mainly embodied in that the vibration element of the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer is a piezoelectric ceramic pipe, the piezoelectric ceramic pipe is only connected with hard decoupling materials such as hard foam, the decoupling material is connected with the upper and lower metal plates of the transducer, and the decoupling material does not vibrate under the action of the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic, which plays a role in vibration isolation. That is, after a voltage is applied between the positive and negative electrodes of the transducer, the piezoelectric ceramic is driven to vibrate by the piezoelectric effect, and the sound energy is directly radiated into the water through the vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic. In terms of structure, the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer does not have a high thermal conductivity metal body commonly used in bending and stretching transducers, longitudinal transducers and other transducers, so the existing underwater acoustic transducer thermal control research is not applicable to the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer.

[0016] (4) The existing underwater acoustic transducer thermal control research has a greater impact on the electro-acoustic performance of the underwater acoustic transducer

[0017] As an electro-acoustic conversion device, the underwater acoustic transducer is very sensitive to the load applied to the transducer. The existing thermal control research mainly achieves thermal conduction thermal control design. The load generated by the high thermal conductivity metal structure provided to achieve thermal conduction thermal control design will significantly affect the electro-acoustic performance of the transducer.

[0018] Therefore, in order to further improve the high-power working capability of the underwater acoustic transducer and improve the temperature limit of the underwater acoustic transducer, thermal control technology research should be carried out for the underwater acoustic transducer, that is, the thermal control technology of the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer is designed based on the thermal convection mechanism. In particular, the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer is a widely used underwater acoustic transducer, which has the advantages of horizontal directivity uniformity, high electro-acoustic conversion efficiency, simple structure, etc., and is applied to various underwater acoustic projects.

[0019] The circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer is mainly composed of a piezoelectric ceramic pipe, hard decoupling material, and a metal cover plate, and directly radiates sound energy into the water through the vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic pipe. Since the piezoelectric ceramic pipe is the vibration element of the transducer for radiating sound energy, it is a very sensitive element that only contacts hard low thermal conductivity decoupling materials such as hard foam and cork, and the contact area is small, so the thermal conduction efficiency is low and the thermal control effect cannot be achieved. However, if a metal structure is simply introduced into a single ceramic structure transducer and a thermal conduction thermal control mechanism is designed for the connection between the metal structure and the piezoelectric ceramic, the load on the transducer will be significantly increased, the vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic pipe will be affected, the electro-acoustic characteristics of the transducer will be significantly reduced, and the operation of the transducer will be affected. Therefore, due to various factors, the heat dissipation capability of the transducer cannot be greatly improved, and the heat dissipation problem of the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer is more difficult to solve than that of other types of underwater acoustic transducers.

[0020] Therefore, the heat convection heat control technology should be introduced through the targeted analysis on the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer, and the effective establishment of the heat control mechanism of the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer is realized. The heat control technology design for the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer can provide a reference for the heat control technology of other types of underwater acoustic transducers. SUMMARY

[0021] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer heat control structure based on the heat convection mechanism.

[0022] The circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer heat control structure based on the heat convection mechanism provided by the present application comprises a piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe, a heat conduction structure, a hard decoupling material of an upper cover plate, a hard decoupling material of a lower cover plate, a heat conduction upper cover plate, a heat conduction lower cover plate and a transducer water-tight layer, and the heat conduction upper cover plate, the hard decoupling material of the upper cover plate, the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe, the hard decoupling material of the lower cover plate and the heat conduction lower cover plate are sequentially and tightly connected from top to bottom.

[0023] The positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead are respectively led out from the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe, a heat dissipation coating is arranged on the inner cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe, and the transducer water-tight layer is coated on the outer cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe, and the transducer water-tight layer is connected with the heat conduction upper cover plate and the heat conduction lower cover plate.

[0024] The heat conduction structure is arranged on the inner side of the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe and below the heat conduction upper cover plate, and a heat absorption coating is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the heat conduction structure.

[0025] Preferably, the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe comprises a radial polarization circular pipe or a tangential polarization mosaic circular pipe.

[0026] Preferably, the positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead are tightly installed on the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe by welding or glue.

[0027] Preferably, the middle part of the heat conduction lower cover plate is provided with an opening, and the positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead are led out from the opening.

[0028] Preferably, the heat dissipation coating is arranged on the inner cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe by wrapping or coating.

[0029] Preferably, the heat absorption coating is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the heat conduction structure by pasting or coating.

[0030] Preferably, the heat conduction structure comprises a hollow structure or a honeycomb structure.

[0031] Preferably, the materials of the heat conduction structure, the heat conduction upper cover plate and the heat conduction lower cover plate are metal materials, and the metal materials comprise copper.

[0032] Preferably, the heat-conducting upper cover plate, the upper cover plate hard decoupling material, the piezoelectric ceramic round tube, the lower cover plate hard decoupling material and the heat-conducting lower cover plate are fixed by screwing or bolting from top to bottom.

[0033] Preferably, the water-tight layer of the transducer completely covers the connection of the heat-conducting upper cover plate, the upper cover plate hard decoupling material, the piezoelectric ceramic round tube, the lower cover plate hard decoupling material and the heat-conducting lower cover plate, and the material of the water-tight layer of the transducer comprises waterproof sound-transmitting polyurethane material.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The present application conducts the heat generated by the piezoelectric ceramic round tube to the heat-conducting structure, and then transmits to the water environment through the heat-conducting upper cover plate and the heat-conducting lower cover plate, so as to realize the heat control of the round tube type underwater acoustic transducer based on the heat convection mechanism, improve the heat dissipation capacity of the round tube type underwater acoustic transducer, and improve the long-time and high-power working capacity of the transducer; by using the non-contact heat convection heat control technology in the process, the weight and volume load generated by the transducer are more controllable, and the influence of the heat control technology on the electroacoustic performance of the underwater acoustic transducer is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 The present application mainly embodies the cross-sectional view of the heat control structure of the round tube type underwater acoustic transducer based on the heat convection mechanism;

[0038] Figure 2 The present application mainly embodies the structure diagram of the heat-conducting structure;

[0039] Figure 3 The present application mainly embodies the structure diagram of the hollow heat-conducting structure;

[0040] Figure 4 The present application mainly embodies the heat distribution diagram of the transducer without using the heat control structure;

[0041] Figure 5 The present application mainly embodies the heat distribution diagram of the transducer using the heat control structure;

[0042] Figure 6 The present application mainly embodies the comparison diagram of the highest temperature change curve of the transducer without using / using the heat control structure.

[0043] In the drawings:

[0044] Piezoelectric ceramic round tube 1 Positive electrode lead 2 Negative electrode lead 3

[0045] 4. Heat dissipation coating 5. Heat absorption coating 6. Thermally conductive structure

[0046] 7. Hard decoupling material for top cover plate; 8. Hard decoupling material for bottom cover plate; 9. Thermally conductive top cover plate.

[0047] Thermally conductive lower cover plate 10 Transducer watertight layer 11 Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, a thermal control structure for a circular tube-type underwater acoustic transducer based on thermal convection mechanism according to the present invention includes: a piezoelectric ceramic circular tube 1, a thermally conductive structure 6, a rigid decoupling material for the upper cover plate 7, a rigid decoupling material for the lower cover plate 8, a thermally conductive upper cover plate 9, a thermally conductive lower cover plate 10, and a watertight layer 11 for the transducer. The thermally conductive upper cover plate 9, the rigid decoupling material for the upper cover plate 7, the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube 1, the rigid decoupling material for the lower cover plate 8, and the thermally conductive lower cover plate 10 are sequentially and tightly connected from top to bottom. Positive electrodes are respectively led out from the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube 1. Lead 2 and negative electrode lead 3 are connected to the piezoelectric ceramic tube 1. A heat dissipation coating 4 is provided on the inner cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic tube 1. A transducer watertight layer 11 is covered on the outer cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic tube 1. The transducer watertight layer 11 is connected to the heat-conducting upper cover plate 9 and the heat-conducting lower cover plate 10. The heat-conducting upper cover plate 9, the heat-conducting lower cover plate 10, and the transducer watertight layer 11 are in contact with the external environment. The heat-conducting structure 6 is located inside the piezoelectric ceramic tube 1 and below the heat-conducting upper cover plate 9. A heat-absorbing coating 5 is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the heat-conducting structure 6.

[0050] The piezoelectric ceramic circular tube 1 includes radially polarized circular tubes or tangentially polarized inlaid circular tubes.

[0051] The positive electrode lead 2 and the negative electrode lead 3 should be high-temperature resistant leads. The positive electrode lead 2 and the negative electrode lead 3 are installed on the piezoelectric ceramic tube 1 by welding or glue. An opening is provided in the middle of the heat-conducting lower cover plate 10, and the positive electrode lead 2 and the negative electrode lead 3 are led out from the opening.

[0052] The heat dissipation coating 4 should be a lightweight material with high radiation and low absorption. The heat dissipation coating 4 is applied to the inner cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic tube 1 by wrapping or coating.

[0053] The heat-absorbing coating 5 should be a low-emissivity, high-absorption material. The heat-absorbing coating 5 is applied to the outer cylindrical surface of the heat-conducting structure 6 by bonding or coating.

[0054] As shown in Figure 2 and 3 The heat-conducting structure 6 includes a hollow structure or a honeycomb structure to reduce weight.

[0055] The heat-conducting structure 6, the heat-conducting upper cover plate 9, and the heat-conducting lower cover plate 10 should be low-density, high-thermal-conductivity, and high-specific-heat-capacity metal materials, and the metal materials include copper.

[0056] The upper cover plate hard decoupling material 7 and the lower cover plate hard decoupling material 8 should be low-density hard materials.

[0057] The heat-conducting upper cover plate 9, the upper cover plate hard decoupling material 7, the piezoelectric ceramic round pipe 1, the lower cover plate hard decoupling material 8, and the heat-conducting lower cover plate 10 are fixed by screwing or bolting from top to bottom, and when fixed by screwing, glue can be applied to the threads to increase the bonding area after assembly.

[0058] The transducer water-tight layer 11 completely covers the connection between the heat-conducting upper cover plate 9, the upper cover plate hard decoupling material 7, the piezoelectric ceramic round pipe 1, the lower cover plate hard decoupling material 8, and the heat-conducting lower cover plate 10, and the material of the transducer water-tight layer 11 includes waterproof and sound-transmitting polyurethane material. The heat-conducting upper cover plate 9, the heat-conducting lower cover plate 10, and the transducer water-tight layer 11 in contact with the external environment can be replaced by being connected with high-specific-heat-capacity and high-thermal-conductivity materials.

[0059] As shown in Figures 4-6 In one specific embodiment, the piezoelectric ceramic round pipe 1 is a radially polarized round pipe and serves as an active material of the transducer; the positive electrode lead 2 and the negative electrode lead 3 are high-temperature-resistant copper core leads and are fixed to the piezoelectric ceramic round pipe 1 by welding; the heat-dissipation coating 4 is a lightweight coating with high radiation and low absorption, which is coated on the inner cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic round pipe 1; the heat-absorption coating 5 is a low-radiation and high-absorption coating, which is coated on the outer cylindrical surface of the heat-conducting structure 6; the materials of the heat-conducting structure 6, the heat-conducting upper cover plate 9, and the heat-conducting lower cover plate 10 are all low-density, high-thermal-conductivity, and high-specific-heat-capacity copper; the upper cover plate hard decoupling material 7 and the lower cover plate hard decoupling material 8 are low-density hard foam materials; the transducer water-tight layer 11 is waterproof and sound-transmitting polyurethane material; the heat-conducting upper cover plate 9, the heat-conducting lower cover plate 10, and the transducer water-tight layer 11 are in contact with the external water environment. The application conducts the heat generated by the piezoelectric ceramic round pipe 1 to the heat-conducting structure 6, and then transfers the heat to the water environment through the heat-conducting upper cover plate 9 and the heat-conducting lower cover plate 10, thereby realizing the thermal control technology of the round pipe type underwater acoustic transducer based on the heat convection mechanism.

[0060] The multi-gradient heat transfer model of the heat convection thermal control mechanism follows the Newtonian convection heat transfer law, that is:

[0061]

[0062] The boundary heat conduction model follows the basic heat transfer equation:

[0063]

[0064] Therefore, in the thermal control structure design of the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer based on the heat convection mechanism, high radiation and low absorption coefficient paint is arranged on the inner wall of the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe 1; high absorption and low radiation coefficient paint is arranged on the outer wall surface of the heat conduction structure body 6; the distance between the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe 1 and the heat conduction structure body 6 is reduced; and the high thermal conductivity metal column is connected to the free field environment or the metal-free field combination with high thermal conductivity.

[0065] In the heat convection thermal control technology of the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer, there is a space between the high thermal conductivity metal column and the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe 1, so that the load on the transducer is basically unchanged, and the vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic circular pipe 1 is basically not affected, which will not significantly affect the electroacoustic performance of the transducer.

[0066] The application realizes the establishment of the thermal control mechanism on the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer, and improves the long time and high power working ability of the transducer. By using the heat convection thermal control technology, the heat dissipation capacity of the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer is improved, and the high power working time of the transducer is prolonged; by using the non-contact heat convection thermal control technology in the process, the weight and volume load generated by the transducer are relatively controllable, and the influence of the thermal control technology on the electroacoustic performance of the underwater acoustic transducer is reduced. The heat convection thermal control technology adopted in the application can be well used on other types of underwater acoustic transducers, and has great technical reference value.

[0067] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application.

[0068] The specific embodiments of the application are described above. It should be understood that the application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essential content of the application. In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A heat control structure of a circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer based on a heat convection mechanism, characterized in that, The piezoelectric ceramic circular tube (1), the heat-conducting structure (6), the upper cover plate hard decoupling material (7), the lower cover plate hard decoupling material (8), the heat-conducting upper cover plate (9), the heat-conducting lower cover plate (10) and the transducer water-tight layer (11) are sequentially fastened and connected from top to bottom. The positive electrode lead (2) and the negative electrode lead (3) are respectively led out from the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube (1), the inner cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube (1) is provided with a heat-dissipating coating (4), the outer cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube (1) is coated with the transducer water-tight layer (11), and the transducer water-tight layer (11) is connected with the heat-conducting upper cover plate (9) and the heat-conducting lower cover plate (10). The heat-conducting structure (6) is arranged on the inner side of the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube (1) and below the heat-conducting upper cover plate (9), and the outer cylindrical surface of the heat-conducting structure (6) is provided with a heat-absorbing coating (5). The heat-conducting structure (6) comprises a hollow structure or a honeycomb structure. The materials of the heat-conducting structure (6), the heat-conducting upper cover plate (9) and the heat-conducting lower cover plate (10) are metal materials, and the metal materials include copper. The transducer water-tight layer (11) completely covers the connection of the heat-conducting upper cover plate (9), the upper cover plate hard decoupling material (7), the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube (1), the lower cover plate hard decoupling material (8) and the heat-conducting lower cover plate (10), and the material of the transducer water-tight layer (11) includes waterproof and sound-transmitting polyurethane material. The piezoelectric ceramic circular tube (1) comprises a radially polarized circular tube or a tangentially polarized mosaic circular tube.

2. The thermal control structure of the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer based on the mechanism of thermal convection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode lead (2) and the negative electrode lead (3) are fastened and installed on the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube (1) by welding or glue.

3. The thermal control structure of the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer based on the mechanism of thermal convection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle part of the heat-conducting lower cover plate (10) is provided with an opening, and the positive electrode lead (2) and the negative electrode lead (3) are led out from the opening.

4. The thermal control structure of the circular pipe type underwater acoustic transducer based on the mechanism of thermal convection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-dissipating coating (4) is arranged on the inner cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube (1) by wrapping or coating.

5. The thermal control structure for a cylindrical pipe-type underwater acoustic transducer based on the mechanism of thermal convection according to claim 1, wherein The heat-absorbing coating (5) is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the heat-conducting structure (6) by pasting or coating.

6. The thermal control structure for a cylindrical pipe-type underwater acoustic transducer based on the mechanism of thermal convection according to claim 1, wherein The heat-conducting upper cover plate (9), the upper cover plate hard decoupling material (7), the piezoelectric ceramic circular tube (1), the lower cover plate hard decoupling material (8) and the heat-conducting lower cover plate (10) are fixed by screwing or bolting from top to bottom.

7. The thermal control structure for a cylindrical pipe-type underwater acoustic transducer based on the mechanism of thermal convection according to claim 1, wherein ​

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