In-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on high dipole moment monomer and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium metal batteries, in particular to an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high-dipole-moment monomer and a preparation method and application of the in-situ gel polymer electrolyte. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting and processing a high dipole moment monomer; s2, preparing an electrolyte precursor solution; s3, using an electrolyte additive; s4, determining the molar ratio of the monomer to the cross-linking agent; s5, carrying out in-situ polymerization reaction; and S6, battery assembly and polymerization reaction. The in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on the high-dipole-moment monomer is successfully prepared, and the electrolyte improves the interface stability and the electrochemical performance of a lithium metal battery; and the material also has the advantages of relatively wide electrochemical window, high ionic conductivity and lithium ion transference number, good cycling stability, easiness in preparation, cost effectiveness and the like. Due to the characteristics, the electrolyte system has important application value and market potential in the field of lithium metal batteries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lithium metal batteries, and in particular to an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The lithium metal anode has 3860mAhg -1 The ultra-high capacity is about 10 times that of commercial graphite anodes, and it has a low electrochemical potential (-3.04V) and a low density (0.534gcm -2 ) and other advantages; gel polymer-based electrolytes composed of lithium salts, polymer matrices and solvents have attracted much attention due to their satisfactory ionic conductivity, high safety and good interphase compatibility between electrodes and electrolytes. Considering their comprehensive advantages in specific capacity, working potential, safety and cyclability, in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal batteries with good compatibility with current liquid battery manufacturing processes show great potential in the fields of portable devices and electric vehicles.

[0003] However, the fundamental challenge for the further development of gel polymer-based lithium metal batteries is the stable and rapid transport of lithium ions at the interface. Since the high dipole moment solvents in gel polymer-based lithium metal batteries are preferentially adsorbed on the surface of the lithium metal anode and dominate the lithium ion solvation structure, it directly leads to the formation of an organic-rich solid electrolyte interface (SEI), which is not conducive to the stable and rapid transport of lithium ions at the anode. It is impossible to balance the various properties of gel polymer electrolytes from the perspective of solvent dipole moment regulation alone. Here, we combine the dipole moment characteristics of monomers in gel polymer-based lithium metal batteries with molecular functionalization design to transform the solvent-dominated interface characteristics into polymer-dominated, thereby improving the lithium ion transport kinetics at the interface. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problem that the solvent in the traditional gel polymer electrolyte preferentially adsorbs the lithium metal negative electrode and dominates the lithium ion solvation structure to generate a SEI with slow transmission kinetics, this application designs a new gel polymer-based electrolyte system based on high dipole moment monomers, and provides an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on high dipole moment monomers and its preparation method and application. The high dipole moment monomer is preferentially adsorbed on the lithium metal negative electrode through strong electrostatic effects, and then forms an anion-dominated solvation structure through dipole-dipole interactions with the solvent. This method successfully achieves dual solvent shielding in the lithium negative electrode surface and bulk phase transmission. The functionalized high dipole moment monomer and the anion-dominated solvation structure synergistically generate an inorganic component-rich SEI, promote the rapid transmission of lithium ions, and solve the problem of solvent-dominated interface behavior in gel polymer electrolytes, which causes slow ion transmission kinetics.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer, using the following technical solution: A method for preparing an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer comprises the following steps: S1. Add molecular sieves to acrylic monomers and allyl monomers with high dipole moment characteristics, and place them in a glove box to remove water for at least 48 hours; S2. In a glove box, dissolve the lithium salt in an ester solvent or an ether solvent at a volume ratio of 1:1, and fully dissolve to prepare a 1 mol / L electrolyte precursor solution; S3, adding a commercial electrolyte additive to the electrolyte precursor solution in step S2, and dissolving it fully for later use; S4, determining the molar ratio of the monomer to the crosslinking agent according to the different carbon-carbon double bond functionalities of the acrylate monomers participating in the free radical polymerization reaction, adding the high dipole moment monomer dried in step S1 into a glass container containing a magnetic stirrer, and fully dissolving it at room temperature using the precursor solution prepared in step S3; S5, adding an initiator to the solution in step S4, and obtaining an in-situ polymerization precursor solution after sufficient dissolution; S6, using the in-situ polymerization precursor solution in step S5 as the electrolyte to complete the liquid injection process in the in-situ gel battery assembly; S7. The assembled battery was transferred from the glove box to a forced air drying oven at 65°C for free radical polymerization. After fully reacting for 10 h, a novel in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal battery based on a high dipole moment monomer was obtained.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, 1. Selection and treatment of high dipole moment monomers: By selecting acrylate and allyl monomers with high dipole moment characteristics and performing water removal treatment under the action of molecular sieves, the purity and reaction efficiency of the subsequent polymerization reaction are ensured. This treatment method helps to improve the purity and performance of the final electrolyte. 2. Configuration of electrolyte precursor: By precisely controlling the volume ratio of ester or ether solvents to lithium salts, a 1 mol / L electrolyte precursor is configured to ensure the uniform distribution and concentration of lithium salts in the electrolyte, providing a stable foundation for subsequent electrolyte preparation. 3. Use of electrolyte additives: Adding electrolyte additives to the electrolyte precursor can further optimize the performance of the electrolyte, such as improving ionic conductivity, improving lithium ion migration number, etc., to provide a guarantee for the final performance of the electrolyte. 4. Determination of the molar ratio of monomer to crosslinker: The molar ratio of monomer to crosslinker is determined according to the functionality of the monomer to ensure the uniformity of the polymerization reaction and the stability of the gel structure, which is crucial for the mechanical and electrochemical properties of the electrolyte. 5. In-situ polymerization reaction: By fully dissolving the treated high dipole moment monomer and the precursor solution, and performing free radical polymerization under specific conditions, an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte with high dipole moment characteristics is formed. This electrolyte can effectively shield the solvent influence of the lithium metal negative electrode and promote the rapid transmission of lithium ions. 6. Battery assembly and polymerization reaction: The prepared electrolyte is used for the assembly of the in-situ gel battery, and a free radical polymerization reaction is performed at a specific temperature to finally obtain a new in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal battery with a high dipole moment monomer. This process ensures good matching and stable operation of the electrolyte and battery components. Through the synergistic effect of the above steps, this application successfully prepared an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer, which not only improves the interface stability and electrochemical performance of the lithium metal battery, but also has a wide electrochemical window, high ionic conductivity and lithium ion migration number, good cycle stability, and easy preparation and cost-effectiveness. These characteristics make this electrolyte system have important application value and market potential in the field of lithium metal batteries.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1, the acrylate monomers and allyl monomers with high dipole moment characteristics include one or more of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, allyl thiourea and 1-allyl-3,3-diethyl-2-thiourea.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the ether solvent includes one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether and 1,3-dioxolane; the ester solvent includes one or more of ethylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and dimethyl carbonate; the lithium salt includes one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium perchlorate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, fluorolithium sulfonyl imide, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide and lithium dioxalatoborate.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3, the commercial electrolyte additive includes one of lithium nitrate, fluoroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate and trimethyl phosphate; the amount of the commercial electrolyte additive is 2%-5% of the mass of the electrolyte precursor solution.

[0010] Preferably, in step S4, the molar ratio of the monomer to the cross-linking agent is 1:1-4:1.

[0011] Preferably, in step S5, the initiator is preferably one of azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptanenitrile and diacyl peroxide, and the amount of the initiator is 1% of the mass of the solution.

[0012] Preferably, in step S6, the process of assembling the in-situ gel battery is consistent with the process of assembling the liquid battery.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application provides an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer, using the following technical solution: As a general technical concept, the present application also provides the above-mentioned in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on high dipole moment monomers, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method of the in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on high dipole moment monomers.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present application provides an application of an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer, using the following technical solution: As a general technical concept, the present application also provides the above-mentioned in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on high dipole moment monomer for application in lithium metal batteries.

[0015] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this application are: This application aims to solve the problem of unstable interfacial ion transport in gel polymer-based lithium metal batteries with great practical potential, and develops a new electrolyte system based on high dipole moment monomers, which effectively improves the interfacial stability and electrochemical performance, and provides a solution for the improvement of the new generation electrolyte system of lithium metal batteries. This application has the following characteristics: 1. Solvent shielding at the anode-electrolyte interface is achieved through the strong electrostatic interaction between high-dipole monomers and lithium metal anodes; the dipole-dipole interaction between high-dipole monomers and solvents induces the formation of anion-dominated solvation structures, thus achieving solvent shielding in the battery bulk ion transport. The double solvent shielding effect can reduce the adverse effects of solvents on lithium metal anodes, while the functionalized high-dipole monomers and anions can synergistically improve the lithium ion transport kinetics at the interface.

[0016] 2. A wider electrochemical window, capable of matching the ternary positive electrode and operating stably under high voltage conditions.

[0017] 3. High ionic conductivity and lithium ion migration number further promote the dissociation of lithium salts through high dipole moment monomers and weaken the polarization phenomenon during charging and discharging.

[0018] 4. Good cycle stability, which can support the stable and high-capacity operation of lithium metal batteries with high-load lithium iron phosphate or ternary nickel-cobalt-aluminum positive electrodes at room temperature.

[0019] 5. The in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal battery preparation method of the present application is highly compatible with the existing liquid battery production process in terms of processability and has great application potential.

[0020] 6. The materials of the present application are easily available, low in cost, mild in reaction conditions, high in reaction yield, no impurities are generated, and the process is environmentally friendly.

[0021] In summary, the present application provides an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer and its preparation method and application, which effectively solves the problem of slow ion transfer kinetics caused by solvent-dominated interfacial behavior in gel polymer electrolytes, improves the interfacial stability and electrochemical performance of lithium metal batteries, and has important practical value and broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings used in the embodiments: Figure 1 This is a physical picture of the gel electrolyte before and after in-situ polymerization in Examples 1 and 2 of this application; wherein, Figure 1 Example 2 refers to Example 2, and Example 1 refers to Example 1; Figure 2 This is a cycle data diagram of the novel in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal battery using lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode in Application Example 3; Figure 3 This is a cycle data diagram of the novel in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal battery using NCM811 as the positive electrode in Application Example 4; Figure 4This is a cycle data diagram of the new in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal soft-pack battery using high-loading lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode in Application Example 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present application. In the examples, if specific conditions are not specified, they are carried out according to normal conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0024] Example 1 Step 1: Add molecular sieves to 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, and place in a glove box to remove water for 48 hours; Step 2: In a glove box, dissolve ethylene glycol dimethyl ether and 1,3-dioxolane in a volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare a 1 mol / L electrolyte precursor solution; Step 3: Add 2% lithium nitrate to the electrolyte precursor solution in step 2 and fully dissolve it for later use; Step 4: Add 0.0486 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate and 0.0514 g of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate dried in step 1 into a glass container containing a magnetic stirrer, and use 1.9 g of the precursor solution prepared in step 3 to fully dissolve at room temperature; Step 5: adding 1 wt % of azobisisobutyronitrile to the solution in step 4 and dissolving it fully to obtain an in-situ polymerization precursor solution; Step 6: After sealing the in-situ polymerization precursor liquid in step 5, transfer it from the glove box to a 65°C forced air drying oven for free radical polymerization reaction. After fully reacting for 10 h, a quasi-solid-state novel in-situ gel polymer electrolyte is obtained.

[0025] Example 2 Step 1: Add molecular sieves to 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, and allylthiourea, and place in a glove box to remove water for 48 hours; Step 2: In a glove box, dissolve bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide lithium in a volume ratio of 1:1 using ethylene glycol dimethyl ether and 1,3-dioxolane to prepare a 1 mol / L electrolyte precursor solution; Step 3: Add 2% lithium nitrate to the electrolyte precursor solution in step 2 and fully dissolve it for later use; Step 4: Add 0.0351 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, 0.0092 g of allyl thiourea and 0.0557 g of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate dried in step 1 into a glass container containing a magnetic stirrer, and use 1.9 g of the precursor solution prepared in step 3 to fully dissolve at room temperature; Step 5: adding 1 wt % of azobisisobutyronitrile to the solution in step 4 and dissolving it fully to obtain an in-situ polymerization precursor solution; Step 6: After sealing the in-situ polymerization precursor liquid in step 5, transfer it from the glove box to a 65° C. forced air drying oven for free radical polymerization reaction. After fully reacting for 10 hours, a quasi-solid-state novel in-situ gel polymer electrolyte is obtained.

[0026] Application Example 3 Step 1: Add molecular sieves to 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, and allylthiourea, and place in a glove box to remove water for 48 hours; Step 2: In a glove box, dissolve ethylene glycol dimethyl ether and 1,3-dioxolane in a volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare a 1 mol / L electrolyte precursor solution; Step 3: Add 2% lithium nitrate to the electrolyte precursor solution in step 2 and fully dissolve it for later use; Step 4: Add 0.0351 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, 0.0092 g of allyl thiourea and 0.0557 g of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate dried in step 1 into a glass container containing a magnetic stirrer, and use 1.9 g of the precursor solution prepared in step 3 to fully dissolve at room temperature; Step 5: Add 1 wt% of azobisisobutyronitrile to the solution in step 4 and obtain an in-situ polymerization precursor solution after it is fully dissolved; Step 6: Using lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode of the battery, using the in-situ polymerization precursor solution in step 5 as the electrolyte to complete the injection process in the battery assembly, using a 2025 type battery shell, and assembling the button battery in the order of negative electrode shell, lithium sheet, in-situ polymerization precursor solution, diaphragm, positive electrode sheet, gasket, spring sheet, and positive electrode shell; Step 7: Transfer the assembled battery from the glove box to a 65°C forced air drying oven for free radical polymerization. After fully reacting for 10 hours, a new in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal battery with lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode is obtained.

[0027] Application Example 4 Step 1: Add molecular sieves to 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, and allylthiourea, and place in a glove box to remove water for 48 hours; Step 2: In a glove box, dissolve lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide in ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare a 1 mol / L electrolyte precursor solution; Step 3: Add 5% fluoroethylene carbonate to the electrolyte precursor solution in step 2 and fully dissolve it for later use; Step 4: Add 0.0351 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, 0.0092 g of allyl thiourea and 0.0557 g of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate dried in step 1 into a glass container containing a magnetic stirrer, and use 1.9 g of the precursor solution prepared in step 3 to fully dissolve at room temperature; Step 5: adding 1 wt % of azobisisobutyronitrile to the solution in step 4 and dissolving it fully to obtain an in-situ polymerization precursor solution; Step 6: Using the ternary material NCM811 as the positive electrode of the battery, using the in-situ polymerization precursor solution in step 5 as the electrolyte to complete the injection process in the battery assembly, using a 2025 type battery shell, assembling the button battery in the order of negative electrode shell, lithium sheet, in-situ polymerization precursor solution, diaphragm, positive electrode sheet, gasket, spring sheet, and positive electrode shell; Step 7: Transfer the assembled battery from the glove box to a 65°C forced air drying oven for free radical polymerization. After fully reacting for 10 hours, a new in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal battery with NCM811 as the positive electrode is obtained.

[0028] Application Example 5 Step 1: Add molecular sieves to 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, and allylthiourea, and place in a glove box to remove water for 48 hours; Step 2: In a glove box, dissolve ethylene glycol dimethyl ether and 1,3-dioxolane in a volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare a 1 mol / L electrolyte precursor solution; Step 3: Add 2% lithium nitrate to the electrolyte precursor solution in step 2 and fully dissolve it for later use; Step 4: Add 0.0351 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, 0.0092 g of allyl thiourea and 0.0557 g of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate dried in step 1 into a glass container containing a magnetic stirrer, and use 1.9 g of the precursor solution prepared in step 3 to fully dissolve at room temperature; Step 5: adding 1 wt % of azobisisobutyronitrile to the solution in step 4 and dissolving it fully to obtain an in-situ polymerization precursor solution; Step 6: Use high loading (11.32 mg / cm 2) is used as the positive electrode of the battery, and the in-situ polymerization precursor solution in step 5 is used as the electrolyte to complete the assembly process of the single-layer soft-pack battery; Step 7: Transfer the assembled soft-pack battery from the glove box to a 65°C forced air drying oven for free radical polymerization. After fully reacting for 10 h, a new in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal soft-pack battery with high-load lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode is obtained.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The actual pictures of the gel electrolyte before and after the in-situ polymerization in Example 1-Example 2 show that after the free radical polymerization occurs, the formed polymer network can effectively lock the electrolyte to prevent leakage.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a cycle data diagram of the novel in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal battery using lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode in Application Example 3, which shows that the button battery still has a capacity retention rate of 88% after 1000 cycles.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a cycle data diagram of the novel in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal battery using NCM811 as the positive electrode in Application Example 4, which shows that the button battery still has a capacity retention rate of 70% after 400 cycles.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a cycle data diagram of the new in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal soft-pack battery using high-load lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode in Application Example 5, which shows that the soft-pack battery still has a capacity retention rate of 95% after 50 cycles.

[0033] The above embodiments are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application rather than to limit them. Although the above embodiments provide a specific description of the present application, relevant technical personnel should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present application can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications and equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Add molecular sieves to acrylic monomers and allyl monomers with high dipole moment characteristics, and place them in a glove box to remove water for at least 48 hours; S2. In a glove box, dissolve the lithium salt in an ester solvent or an ether solvent at a volume ratio of 1:1, and fully dissolve to prepare a 1 mol / L electrolyte precursor solution; S3, adding a commercial electrolyte additive to the electrolyte precursor solution in step S2, and dissolving it fully for later use; S4, determining the molar ratio of the monomer to the crosslinking agent according to the different carbon-carbon double bond functionalities of the acrylate monomers participating in the free radical polymerization reaction, adding the high dipole moment monomer dried in step S1 into a glass container containing a magnetic stirrer, and fully dissolving it at room temperature using the precursor solution prepared in step S3; S5, adding an initiator to the solution in step S4, and obtaining an in-situ polymerization precursor solution after sufficient dissolution; S6, using the in-situ polymerization precursor solution in step S5 as the electrolyte to complete the liquid injection process in the in-situ gel battery assembly; S7. The assembled battery was transferred from the glove box to a forced air drying oven at 65°C for free radical polymerization. After fully reacting for 10 h, a novel in-situ gel polymer-based lithium metal battery based on a high dipole moment monomer was obtained.

2. The method for preparing an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the acrylate monomer and allyl monomer with high dipole moment characteristics include one or more of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, allyl thiourea and 1-allyl-3,3-diethyl-2-thiourea.

3. The method for preparing an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the ether solvent includes one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether and 1,3-dioxolane; the ester solvent includes one or more of ethylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and dimethyl carbonate; the lithium salt includes one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium perchlorate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, fluorolithium sulfonyl imide, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide and lithium dioxalatoborate.

4. The method for preparing an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the commercial electrolyte additive includes one of lithium nitrate, fluoroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate and trimethyl phosphate; the amount of the commercial electrolyte additive is 2%-5% of the mass of the electrolyte precursor solution.

5. The method for preparing an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the molar ratio of the monomer to the cross-linking agent is 1:1-4:

1.

6. The method for preparing an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the initiator is preferably one of azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptanenitrile and diacyl peroxide, and the amount of the initiator used is 1% of the mass of the solution.

7. The method for preparing an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the process of assembling the in-situ gel battery is consistent with the process of assembling the liquid battery.

8. An in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer, characterized in that: The ion conductive elastomer is prepared by the preparation method of the in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer according to any one of claims 1 to 7. An application of an in-situ gel polymer electrolyte based on a high dipole moment monomer as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: Used in lithium metal batteries.

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