Multi-stage cooperative control distributed energy regional autonomous regulation and control system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-stage cooperative control distributed energy regional autonomous regulation and control system, and the system comprises a provincial dispatching automation system which transmits a real-time control target from a provincial automatic power generation control module to a regional dispatching automatic power control module for decomposition and tracking execution; the local dispatching automation system uploads the power grid model and the aggregated real-time data step by step and issues a control instruction to the county distribution automation system; and the county dispatching automation system is used for executing the decomposed instructions. The invention further discloses a distributed energy regional autonomous regulation and control method based on multi-stage cooperative control. According to the invention, the real-time performance and the response speed of the system are improved; the absorption capability of the power grid on clean energy is improved, and new energy utilization is realized to the maximum extent; the data processing burden is reduced, and user privacy is protected through edge calculation; the method has a rapid emergency response capability, can rapidly adjust load distribution when a power grid breaks down or is in an emergency, and guarantees the operation safety and stability of the power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of smart grid control technology, and in particular to a distributed energy regional autonomous control system and method with multi-level collaborative control. Background Art

[0002] The control methods for distributed energy access to the power grid mainly include two modes: centralized dispatching and distributed control. In the centralized dispatching mode, the main dispatching center of the power grid is usually relied on to coordinate and manage the distributed resources in a unified manner. This method collects and analyzes the power generation data of distributed power sources through the dispatching center, and centrally dispatches each distributed resource. However, the disadvantage of the centralized dispatching method is that when the number of distributed resources connected is large, the complexity of data processing and transmission is greatly increased, the burden on the dispatching center is too heavy, and there is a problem of information transmission delay, which makes it difficult to respond to the fluctuations of the power system in real time. In addition, this mode has a weak ability to cope with the random fluctuations of distributed energy, which is easy to cause power quality problems such as local voltage fluctuations and frequency fluctuations. The distributed control mode focuses on the self-regulation ability of distributed energy in the local power grid, and manages and regulates distributed photovoltaic, wind power, energy storage and other equipment through controllers set locally. For example, a local autonomous system based on microgrid technology in Europe can realize energy self-regulation and fault isolation in a certain area, which is suitable for islands and remote areas. However, this model is usually only applicable to scenarios with smaller scale and simple network topology. For power systems with large-scale access and complex network structures, distributed control is difficult to achieve overall optimization and coordination, and cannot fully tap the regulation potential of various resources within the system.

[0003] It can be seen that there is currently a lack of a control method that can take into account the advantages of centralized coordination and distributed self-regulation, and it is unable to effectively cope with the complex grid operation requirements after a high proportion of distributed energy is connected. Especially when facing large-scale distributed energy access, the existing technology is insufficient in terms of power balance, voltage regulation and system stability. At the same time, due to limitations such as information transmission and real-time response, it is difficult for the existing system to achieve accurate and real-time energy scheduling and management on a global scale. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of low control efficiency, difficult power balance and information transmission delay in the existing technology under the scenario of high proportion of distributed energy access, the primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed energy regional autonomous control system with multi-level collaborative control that can achieve more efficient and stable power grid control and improve the ability to absorb new energy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a distributed energy regional autonomous control system with multi-level coordinated control, comprising:

[0006] The provincial dispatching automation system unifies the clearing control strategy and control target, and transmits the real-time control target from the provincial automatic generation control module to the local dispatching automatic power control module for decomposition and tracking execution;

[0007] The local dispatching automation system further refines the instructions, and sends the grid model and aggregated real-time data to the upper level step by step. At the same time, it sends control instructions to the county distribution automation system;

[0008] The county dispatching automation system, as the virtual control unit of the ground dispatching automation system, executes the decomposed instructions.

[0009] The provincial dispatching automation system, the local dispatching automation system, and the county dispatching automation system fully tap the resources at all levels, including medium-voltage resources and low-voltage resources. The medium-voltage resources include 10kV distributed power sources, special transformer loads, active substations, microgrids, and aggregation units; the low-voltage resources include 0.4kV distributed power sources and low-voltage loads.

[0010] It also includes a regional power supply grid autonomous control system, the regional power supply grid autonomous control system includes:

[0011] Power grid dispatching system, used to issue control targets;

[0012] Distributed aggregation system, used to send down the allocation optimization scheduling plan and upload the equivalent model;

[0013] Multiple distributed clusters are used to implement and control photovoltaic, wind power, energy storage and loads.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a distributed energy regional autonomous control method of a distributed energy regional autonomous control system with multi-level coordinated control, the method comprising the following steps in order:

[0015] (1) The provincial dispatching automation system unifies the clearing control strategy and control target, and transmits the real-time control target from the provincial automatic generation control module to the local dispatching automatic power control module for decomposition and tracking execution;

[0016] (2) The local dispatching automation system further refines the instructions, and sends the power grid model and aggregated real-time data to the upper level step by step. At the same time, it sends control instructions to the county distribution automation system;

[0017] (3) The county dispatch automation system executes the decomposed instructions.

[0018] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: First, the present invention combines multi-level collaboration with regional autonomy, so that the power grid can respond to the fluctuations of distributed energy more quickly, thereby improving the real-time performance and response speed of the system; Second, the present invention improves the power grid's ability to absorb clean energy through active and reactive collaborative control strategies, thereby maximizing the utilization of new energy; at the same time, the virtual power plant and regional autonomy modes effectively reduce the cost of information transmission, reduce the burden of data processing, and protect user privacy through edge computing; Third, the system has a rapid emergency response capability, and can quickly adjust the load distribution in the event of a power grid failure or emergency, to ensure the safety and stability of the power grid operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the master-distributor multi-level collaborative control architecture of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the provincial and local coordinated active power control data of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of autonomous control of the regional power supply grid of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a distributed energy regional autonomous control system with multi-level coordinated control includes:

[0023] The provincial dispatching automation system unifies the clearing control strategy and control target, and transmits the real-time control target from the provincial automatic generation control module to the local dispatching automatic power control module for decomposition and tracking execution;

[0024] The local dispatching automation system further refines the instructions, and sends the grid model and aggregated real-time data to the upper level step by step. At the same time, it sends control instructions to the county distribution automation system;

[0025] The county dispatching automation system, as the virtual control unit of the ground dispatching automation system, executes the decomposed instructions.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the provincial dispatching automation system, the local dispatching automation system, and the county dispatching automation system fully tap the resources at each level, and the resources at each level include medium-voltage resources and low-voltage resources. The medium-voltage resources include 10kV distributed power sources, special transformer loads, active substations, microgrids, and aggregation units; the low-voltage resources include 0.4kV distributed power sources and low-voltage loads.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a regional power supply grid autonomous control system, and the regional power supply grid autonomous control system includes:

[0028] Power grid dispatching system, used to issue control targets;

[0029] Distributed aggregation system, used to send down the allocation optimization scheduling plan and upload the equivalent model;

[0030] Multiple distributed clusters are used to implement and control photovoltaic, wind power, energy storage and loads.

[0031] The method comprises the following steps in order:

[0032] (1) The provincial dispatching automation system unifies the clearing control strategy and control target, and transmits the real-time control target from the provincial automatic generation control module to the local dispatching automatic power control module for decomposition and tracking execution;

[0033] (2) The local dispatching automation system further refines the instructions, and sends the power grid model and aggregated real-time data to the upper level step by step. At the same time, it sends control instructions to the county distribution automation system;

[0034] (3) The county dispatch automation system executes the decomposed instructions.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention fully exploits resources at all levels, including medium-voltage resources such as 10kV distributed power sources, dedicated transformer loads, active substations, microgrids, aggregation units, and low-voltage resources such as 0.4kV distributed power sources and low-voltage loads. The system builds a sound main-distribution micro-coordinated control mechanism, coordinates the production control functions of dispatching automation, distribution automation, and load management systems, and forms a vertical and horizontal coordinated control mode, aiming to achieve power balance and voltage stability through multi-level coordinated control, and ensure the safe operation of the power grid.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the provincial, local and distribution three-level active power control data flow process of the present invention demonstrates the data transmission and control instruction issuance between provincial, local and distribution control through the EMS system. The system models a variety of adjustable resources such as thermal power, hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic, nuclear power, energy storage, pumped storage, distributed power sources, etc., and performs unified scheduling in combination with aggregated resources accessed by third-party systems. The provincial dispatching automation system comprehensively considers constraints such as frequency control, peak load control, and section safety control, and formulates and implements the optimal control strategy within the scope of provincial dispatching.

[0037] like Figure 3As shown, the present invention includes two forms: autonomous units with clear physical boundaries and aggregation units without clear physical boundaries. The regional autonomous system can be operated and managed by a third-party market entity or a power supply enterprise. Both the autonomous unit and the aggregation unit have independent control capabilities, and through their own control center, they can realize the control of internal active power and voltage, fault handling and other self-management functions. At the same time, these units realize external dispatching management and assessment by providing power generation and consumption plan curves to the superior dispatch. The autonomous unit and the aggregation unit have certain similarities in the control method. Both need to provide power generation and consumption plan curves to the superior dispatching organization, and accept the assessment and management of the superior dispatching. At the same time, they also need to interact with the superior dispatching system to adjust the active and reactive power of their internal aggregated resources. The difference is that the autonomous unit is composed of source, network, load and storage in the physical architecture, and there are network topology constraints between the internal elements. It is a regional autonomous distribution network system with physical boundaries, which can participate in tasks including active control, fault handling and voltage regulation. In contrast, the aggregation unit is composed of sources, loads and storage, and is not subject to the physical limitations of the grid topology. It is a virtual system without clear physical boundaries. Its main responsibility is to participate in market transactions and provide ancillary services.

[0038] To sum up, the present invention combines multi-level collaboration with regional autonomy, so that the power grid can respond to the fluctuations of distributed energy more quickly, thereby improving the real-time performance and response speed of the system; the present invention improves the power grid's ability to absorb clean energy through active and reactive collaborative control strategies, thereby maximizing the utilization of new energy; at the same time, the virtual power plant and regional autonomy modes effectively reduce the cost of information transmission, reduce the burden of data processing, and protect user privacy through edge computing; the system has a rapid emergency response capability, and can quickly adjust the load distribution in the event of a power grid failure or emergency, to ensure the safety and stability of the power grid operation.

Claims

1. A distributed energy regional autonomous control system with multi-level collaborative control, characterized by: include: The provincial dispatching automation system unifies the clearing control strategy and control target, and transmits the real-time control target from the provincial automatic generation control module to the local dispatching automatic power control module for decomposition and tracking execution; The local dispatching automation system further refines the instructions, and sends the grid model and aggregated real-time data to the upper level step by step. At the same time, it sends control instructions to the county distribution automation system; The county dispatching automation system, as the virtual control unit of the ground dispatching automation system, executes the decomposed instructions.

2. The distributed energy regional autonomous control system with multi-level coordinated control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The provincial dispatching automation system, the local dispatching automation system, and the county dispatching automation system fully tap the resources at all levels, including medium-voltage resources and low-voltage resources. The medium-voltage resources include 10kV distributed power sources, special transformer loads, active substations, microgrids, and aggregation units; the low-voltage resources include 0.4kV distributed power sources and low-voltage loads.

3. The distributed energy regional autonomous control system with multi-level coordinated control according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a regional power supply grid autonomous control system, the regional power supply grid autonomous control system includes: Power grid dispatching system, used to issue control targets; Distributed aggregation system, used to send down the allocation optimization scheduling plan and upload the equivalent model; Multiple distributed clusters are used to implement and control photovoltaic, wind power, energy storage and loads.

4. The distributed energy regional autonomous control method of the distributed energy regional autonomous control system of the multi-level coordinated control according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps in order: (1) The provincial dispatching automation system unifies the clearing control strategy and control target, and transmits the real-time control target from the provincial automatic generation control module to the local dispatching automatic power control module for decomposition and tracking execution; (2) The local dispatching automation system further refines the instructions, and sends the power grid model and aggregated real-time data to the upper level step by step. At the same time, it sends control instructions to the county distribution automation system; (3) The county dispatch automation system executes the decomposed instructions.

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