Apparatus and method for FEC pre-padding

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus and method for FEC pre-padding. For example, a wireless communication station (STA) may be configured to determine a data field processing setting for a data field of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) such that a padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting does not exceed a padding parameter threshold, the data field processing setting includes at least one of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index or a channel bandwidth (BW) setting, and wherein the padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting is based on a number of forward error correction (FEC) pre-(FEC pre-) padding bits according to the data field processing setting; and encoding the data field according to FEC encoding using the number of FEC pre-padding bits set according to the data field processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an apparatus, system and method for pre-FEC padding. Background Art

[0002] Devices in a wireless communication system may be configured to communicate according to communication protocols that may pad data fields of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) with forward error correction (FEC). Summary of the invention

[0003] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is provided, comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause a wireless communication station (STA): to determine a data field processing setting for a data field of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) so that a padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting does not exceed a padding parameter threshold, wherein the data field processing setting includes at least one of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index or a channel bandwidth (BW) setting, wherein the padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting is based on a number of pre-forward error correction (FEC) (pre-FEC) padding bits according to the data field processing setting; and to encode the data field according to FEC encoding using the number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is provided, including logic and circuitry configured to enable a wireless communication station (STA): determine a number of data bits per symbol (N) for encoding a data field of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU); DBPS ) is set so that DBPS Set the corresponding filling parameter value not exceeding the filling parameter threshold, where the N DBPS Setting the corresponding filling parameter value is based on the N DBPS The number of padding bits before forward error correction (FEC) (pre-FEC) is set; and the number of padding bits before FEC (pre-FEC) is set according to the N DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits is set, and the data field is encoded according to the FEC encoding.

[0005] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a product is provided, the product including one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitory storage media, the media including instructions, which, when executed by at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to cause a wireless communication station (STA): determine a data field processing setting for a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) so that a padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting does not exceed a padding parameter threshold, wherein the data field processing setting includes at least one of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index or a channel bandwidth (BW) setting, wherein the padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting is based on a number of pre-forward error correction (FEC) (pre-FEC) padding bits according to the data field processing setting; and encode the data field according to FEC encoding using the number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] For simplicity and clarity of illustration, the elements shown in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, for clarity of presentation, the size of some elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements. In addition, reference numerals may be repeated between the drawings to indicate corresponding or similar elements. The drawings are listed below.

[0007] Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram illustration of a system according to some exemplary aspects.

[0008] Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a graph depicting packet error rate (PER) versus signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance associated with four use cases, according to some exemplary aspects.

[0009] Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a method of pre-forward error correction (FEC) (pre-FEC) padding according to some exemplary aspects.

[0010] Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a graph depicting PER versus SNR performance, according to some exemplary aspects.

[0011] Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a graph depicting PER versus SNR performance, according to some exemplary aspects.

[0012] Figure 6 is a schematic flow chart illustration of a method of pre-FEC padding according to some exemplary aspects.

[0013] Figure 7 is a schematic flow chart illustration of a method of pre-FEC padding according to some exemplary aspects.

[0014] Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of an article of manufacture according to some exemplary aspects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In the following detailed description, many specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of some aspects. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that some aspects may be implemented without these specific details. In other cases, well-known methods, processes, components, units and / or circuits are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the discussion.

[0016] Discussion herein utilizing terms such as “process,” “compute,” “calculate,” “determine,” “establish,” “analyze,” “examine,” and the like may refer to operations (or operations) and / or processes (or processes) of a computer, computing platform, computing system, or other electronic computing device that manipulate and / or transform data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the computer's registers and / or memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer's registers and / or memories or other information storage media that may store instructions to perform the operations and / or processes.

[0017] As used herein, the terms "plurality" and "plurality" include, for example, "multiple" or "two or more." For example, "a plurality of items" includes two or more items.

[0018] References to "one aspect," "an aspect," "exemplary aspects," "various aspects," etc. indicate that the aspect(s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every aspect necessarily includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. In addition, repeated use of the phrase "in one aspect" does not necessarily refer to the same aspect, although it may.

[0019] As used herein, unless otherwise indicated, the use of ordinal adjectives "first," "second," "third," etc. to describe common objects simply indicates that different instances of similar objects are referenced and is not intended to imply that the objects so described must be in a given sequence in time, space, ranking, or in any other manner.

[0020] Some aspects may be used in conjunction with various devices and systems, for example, user equipment (UE), mobile device (MD), wireless station (STA), personal computer (PC), desktop computer, mobile computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, tablet computer, server computer, handheld computer, handheld device, wearable device, sensor device, Internet of Things (IoT) device, personal digital assistant (PDA) device, handheld PDA device, on-board device, off-board device, hybrid device, vehicle-mounted device, non-vehicle-mounted device, mobile or portable device, consumer device, non-mobile or non-portable device, wireless communication station, wireless communication device, wireless access point (AP), wired or wireless router, wired or wireless modem, video device, audio device, audio-visual (A / V) device, wired or wireless network, wireless area network, wireless video area network (WVAN), local area network (LAN), wireless LAN (Wireless LAN) LAN, WLAN), Personal Area Network (PAN), Wireless PAN (WPAN), and so on.

[0021] Some aspects may be used in conjunction with the following: in accordance with existing IEEE 802.11 standards (including IEEE 802.11-2020 (IEEE 802.11-2020, IEEE Standard for Information Technology--Intersystem Telecommunications and Information Exchange for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks--Specific Requirements; Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications, December 2020); and / or IEEE 802.11ax (IEEE 802.11ax-2021, IEEE Standard for Information technology—Intersystem telecommunications and information exchange for local and metropolitan area networks—Specific requirements; Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications; Amendment 1: Enhancements for High-Efficiency WLANs, February 2021) and / or future versions and / or derivatives thereof, devices and / or networks operating in accordance with existing cellular specifications and / or protocols and / or future versions and / or derivatives thereof, units and / or devices that are part of the above-mentioned networks, etc.

[0022] Some aspects may be used in conjunction with: one-way and / or two-way radio communication systems, cellular radiotelephone communication systems, mobile phones, cellular phones, wireless phones, personal communication systems (PCS) devices, PDA devices including wireless communication devices, mobile or portable global positioning system (GPS) devices, devices including GPS receivers or transceivers or chips, devices including RFID elements or chips, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transceivers or devices, single input multiple output (SIMO) transceivers or devices, multiple input single output (MISO) transceivers or devices, devices with one or more internal antennas and / or external antennas, digital video broadcast (DVB) devices or systems, multi-standard radio devices or systems, wired or wireless handheld devices (e.g., smart phones), wireless application protocol (WAP) devices, and the like.

[0023] Some aspects may be used in conjunction with one or more types of wireless communication signals and / or systems, such as Radio Frequency (RF), Infra-Red (IR), Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM), Orthogonal FDM (OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), FDM Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM), Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO), Spatial Division Multiple Access (SDMA), Extended TDMA (E-TDMA), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Extended GPRS, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband CDMA (CDMA), and other wireless communication signals and / or systems. CDMA, WCDMA), CDMA 2000, Single-carrier CDMA, Multi-carrier CDMA, Multi-carrier Modulation (MDM), Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT), (Bluetooth), Global Positioning System (GPS), Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, ZigBee TM , Ultra-Wideband (UWB), 4G, Fifth Generation (5G), or Sixth Generation (6G) mobile networks, 3GPP, Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced, Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), etc. Other aspects can be used in various other devices, systems and / or networks.

[0024] As used herein, the term "wireless device" includes, for example, a device capable of wireless communication, a communication device capable of wireless communication, a communication station capable of wireless communication, a portable or non-portable device capable of wireless communication, and the like. In some exemplary aspects, a wireless device may be or may include a peripheral that can be integrated with a computer, or a peripheral that can be attached to a computer. In some exemplary aspects, the term "wireless device" may optionally include a wireless service.

[0025] The term "communication" used herein for communication signals includes sending communication signals and / or receiving communication signals. For example, a communication unit capable of communicating communication signals may include a transmitter that sends communication signals to at least one other communication unit, and / or a communication receiver that receives communication signals from at least one other communication unit. The verb communicate can be used to refer to the action of sending or the action of receiving. In one example, the phrase "performing signal communication" may refer to the action of sending a signal by a first device, and may not necessarily include the action of receiving a signal by a second device. In another example, the phrase "performing signal communication" may refer to the action of receiving a signal by a first device, and may not necessarily include the action of sending a signal by a second device. The communication signal may be sent and / or received, for example, in the form of a radio frequency (RF) communication signal and / or any other type of signal.

[0026] As used herein, the term "circuit" may refer to, be part of, or include an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an integrated circuit, an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) and / or memory (shared, dedicated, or group) that executes one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and / or other appropriate hardware components that provide the described functionality. In some aspects, some functions associated with a circuit may be implemented by one or more software or firmware modules. In some aspects, a circuit may include logic that is at least partially operable in hardware.

[0027] The term "logic" may refer, for example, to computing logic embedded in the circuits of a computing device and / or computing logic stored in the memory of a computing device. For example, the logic may be accessed by a processor of a computing device to execute the computing logic to perform computing functions and / or operations. In one example, the logic may be embedded in various types of memory and / or firmware, such as silicon blocks of various chips and / or processors. The logic may be included in various circuits and / or implemented as part of various circuits, such as radio circuits, receiver circuits, control circuits, transmitter circuits, transceiver circuits, processor circuits, and the like. In one example, the logic may be embedded in volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory, including random access memory, read-only memory, programmable memory, magnetic memory, flash memory, persistent memory, and the like. The logic may be executed by one or more processors using memory, such as registers, storage devices, buffers, and the like, which are coupled to one or more processors as needed to execute the logic.

[0028] Some exemplary aspects may be used in conjunction with a WLAN, such as a WiFi network. Other aspects may be used in conjunction with any other suitable wireless communication network, such as a wireless area network, a "piconet", a WPAN, a WVAN, and the like.

[0029] Some exemplary aspects may be used in conjunction with a wireless communication network that communicates on a sub-10 Gigahertz (GHz) frequency band, such as the 2.4 GHz frequency band, the 5 GHz frequency band, the 6 GHz frequency band, and / or any other frequency band below 10 GHz.

[0030] Some exemplary aspects may be used in conjunction with a wireless communication network that communicates on an Extremely High Frequency (EHF) frequency band (also referred to as a "millimeter wave (mmWave)" frequency band), for example, a frequency band within a frequency band between 20 GHz and 300 GHz, for example, a frequency band above 45 GHz, for example, a 60 GHz frequency band, and / or any other mmWave frequency band. Some exemplary aspects may be used in conjunction with a wireless communication network that communicates on a frequency band below 10 GHz and / or a mmWave frequency band, for example, as described below. However, other aspects may be implemented using any other suitable wireless communication frequency band, for example, a 5G frequency band, a frequency band below 20 GHz, a frequency band below 1 GHz (Sub 1 GHz, S1G), a WLAN frequency band, a WPAN frequency band, and the like.

[0031] Some exemplary aspects may be implemented by a mmWave STA (mSTA), which may, for example, include a STA having a radio transmitter capable of operating on a channel within the mmWave frequency band. In one example, mmWave communications may involve one or more directional links to communicate at a multi-gigabit per second rate, such as at least 1 gigabit per second, such as at least 7 gigabits per second, at least 30 gigabits per second, or any other rate.

[0032] In some exemplary aspects, the mmWave STA may include a Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) STA, which may be configured to communicate via a DMG frequency band. For example, the DMG frequency band may include a frequency band with a channel start frequency higher than 45 GHz.

[0033] In some exemplary aspects, the mmWave STA may include an Enhanced DMG (EDMG) STA, which may be configured to implement one or more mechanisms that may be configured to enable single-user (SU) and / or multi-user (MU) communications for downlink (DL) and / or uplink frames (UL) using a MIMO scheme. For example, the EDMG STA may be configured to implement one or more channel bonding mechanisms that may, for example, support communications over a channel bandwidth (BW) (also referred to as a "wide channel", "EDMG channel" or "bonded channel") comprising two or more channels (e.g., two or more 2.16 GHz channels). For example, the channel bonding mechanism may, for example, include a mechanism and / or operation by which two or more channels (e.g., 2.16 GHz channels) may be combined to, for example, obtain a higher bandwidth for packet transmission to, for example, enable a higher data rate, for example, when compared to transmission over a single channel. Some exemplary aspects are described herein for communication via a channel BW comprising two or more 2.16 GHz channels, however other aspects may be implemented for communication via a channel bandwidth (e.g., a "wide" channel) comprising any other number of two or more channels or formed by any other number of two or more channels, such as an aggregated channel comprising an aggregation of two or more channels. For example, an EDMG STA may be configured to implement one or more channel bonding mechanisms that, for example, may support an increased channel bandwidth, such as a channel BW of 4.32 GHz, a channel BW of 6.48 GHz, a channel BW of 8.64 GHz, and / or any other additional or alternative channel BW. The EDMG STA may perform other additional or alternative functions.

[0034] In other aspects, the mmWave STA may include any other type of STA and / or may perform other additional or alternative functions. Other aspects may be implemented by any other apparatus, device, and / or station.

[0035] As used herein, the term "antenna" may include any suitable configuration, structure, and / or arrangement of one or more antenna elements, components, units, assemblies, and / or arrays. In some aspects, an antenna may utilize separate transmit and receive antenna elements to implement transmit and receive functions. In some aspects, an antenna may utilize a common and / or integrated transmit / receive antenna element to implement transmit and receive functions. An antenna may include, for example, a phased array antenna, a single element antenna, a set of switched beam antennas, and the like.

[0036] refer to Figure 1 , which schematically illustrates a system 100 according to some exemplary aspects.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, in some demonstrative aspects, system 100 may include one or more wireless communication devices. For example, system 100 may include wireless communication device 102, wireless communication device 140, wireless communication device 160, and / or one or more other devices.

[0038] In some demonstrative aspects, devices 102, 140, and / or 160 may comprise mobile devices or non-mobile (eg, stationary) devices.

[0039] For example, devices 102, 140, and / or 160 may include, for example, UE, MD, STA, AP, PC, desktop computer, mobile computer, laptop computer, Ultrabook TMcomputer, laptop computer, tablet computer, server computer, handheld computer, Internet of Things (IoT) device, sensor device, handheld device, wearable device, PDA device, handheld PDA device, airborne device, non-airborne device, hybrid device (e.g., combining cellular phone functionality with PDA device functionality), consumer device, in-vehicle device, non-in-vehicle device, mobile or portable device, non-mobile or non-portable device, mobile phone, cellular phone, PCS device, PDA device including wireless communication device, mobile or portable GPS device, DVB device, relatively small computing device, non-desktop computer, "Carry Small Live Large" (CSLL) device, Ultra Mobile Device (UMD), Ultra Mobile PC (UMPC), Mobile Internet Device (MID), "Origami" device or computing device, dynamically composable computing (Dynamically Composable) Computing (DCC) devices, context-aware devices, video devices, audio devices, A / V devices, Set-Top-Box (STB), Blu-ray disc (BD) player, BD recorder, Digital Video Disc (DVD) player, High Definition (HD) DVD player, DVD recorder, HDDVD recorder, Personal Video Recorder (PVR), broadcast HD receiver, video source, audio source, video sink, audio sink, stereo tuner, broadcast radio receiver, flat panel display, personal media player (PMP), digital video camera (DVC), digital audio player, speaker, audio receiver, audio amplifier, gaming device, data source, data sink, digital still camera (DSC), media player, smart phone, television, music player, etc.

[0040] In some exemplary aspects, device 102 may include, for example, one or more of processor 191, input unit 192, output unit 193, memory unit 194, and / or storage unit 195; and / or device 140 may include, for example, one or more of processor 181, input unit 182, output unit 183, memory unit 184, and / or storage unit 185. Devices 102 and / or 140 may optionally include other suitable hardware components and / or software components. In some exemplary aspects, some or all components of one or more of devices 102 and / or 140 may be enclosed in a common housing or packaging, and may be interconnected or operably associated using one or more wired or wireless links. In other aspects, components of one or more of devices 102 and / or 140 may be distributed between multiple or separate devices.

[0041] In some exemplary aspects, processor 191 and / or processor 181 may include, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), one or more processor cores, a single-core processor, a dual-core processor, a multi-core processor, a microprocessor, a host processor, a controller, multiple processors or controllers, a chip, a microchip, one or more circuits, a circuit system, a logic unit, an integrated circuit (IC), an application-specific IC (ASIC), or any other suitable multi-purpose or special-purpose processor or controller. Processor 191 may execute instructions of, for example, an operating system (OS) of device 102 and / or one or more suitable applications. Processor 181 may execute instructions of, for example, an operating system (OS) of device 140 and / or one or more suitable applications.

[0042] In some exemplary aspects, input unit 192 and / or input unit 182 may include, for example, a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a touch screen, a touch pad, a trackball, a stylus, a microphone, or other suitable pointing devices or input devices. Output unit 193 and / or output unit 183 may include, for example, a monitor, a screen, a touch screen, a flat panel display, a light emitting diode (LED) display unit, a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit, a plasma display unit, one or more audio speakers or headphones, or other suitable output devices.

[0043] In some exemplary aspects, memory unit 194 and / or memory unit 184 may include, for example, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SD-RAM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, cache memory, buffer, short-term memory unit, long-term memory unit, or other suitable memory unit. Storage unit 195 and / or storage unit 185 may include, for example, a hard disk drive, a disk drive, a solid-state drive (SSD), and / or other suitable removable or non-removable storage unit. Memory unit 194 and / or storage unit 195, for example, may store data processed by device 102. Memory unit 184 and / or storage unit 185, for example, may store data processed by device 140.

[0044] In some demonstrative aspects, wireless communication devices 102, 140, and / or 160 may be capable of communicating content, data, information, and / or signals via a wireless medium (wireless medium, WM) 103. In some demonstrative aspects, wireless medium 103 may include, for example, a radio channel, an RF channel, a WiFi channel, a cellular channel, a 5G channel, an IR channel, a Bluetooth (BT) channel, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) channel, and the like.

[0045] In some exemplary aspects, WM 103 may include one or more wireless communication frequency bands and / or channels. For example, WM 103 may include one or more channels in a wireless communication frequency band below 10 GHz (e.g., a 2.4 GHz wireless communication frequency band), one or more channels in a 5 GHz wireless communication frequency band, and / or one or more channels in a 6 GHz wireless communication frequency band. In another example, WM 103 may additionally or alternatively include one or more channels in a mmWave wireless communication frequency band. In other aspects, WM 103 may include any other type of channel on any other frequency band.

[0046] In some demonstrative aspects, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may include one or more radios including circuitry and / or logic to perform wireless communications between devices 102, 140, 160, and / or one or more other wireless communication devices. For example, device 102 may include one or more radios 114, and / or device 140 may include one or more radios 144.

[0047] In some exemplary aspects, radio 114 and / or radio 144 may include one or more wireless receivers (Rx) that include circuitry and / or logic to receive wireless communication signals, RF signals, frames, blocks, transmission streams, packets, messages, data items, and / or data. For example, radio 114 may include at least one receiver 116 and / or radio 144 may include at least one receiver 146.

[0048] In some exemplary aspects, radios 114 and / or 144 may include one or more wireless transmitters (Tx) that include circuitry and / or logic to transmit wireless communication signals, RF signals, frames, blocks, transport streams, packets, messages, data items, and / or data. For example, radio 114 may include at least one transmitter 118, and / or radio 144 may include at least one transmitter 148.

[0049] In some exemplary aspects, the radio devices 114 and / or 144, the transmitters 118 and / or 148, and / or the receivers 116 and / or 146 may include circuits; logic; radio frequency (RF) elements, circuits, and / or logic; baseband elements, circuits, and / or logic; modulation elements, circuits, and / or logic; demodulation elements, circuits, and / or logic; amplifiers; analog-to-digital and / or digital-to-analog converters; filters; etc. For example, the radio devices 114 and / or 144 may include or may be implemented as part of a wireless network interface card (NIC), etc.

[0050] In some exemplary aspects, radio devices 114 and / or 144 may be configured to communicate on the following bands: 2.4 GHz band, 5 GHz band, 6 GHz band, and / or any other band, such as a directional band, such as a mmWave band, a 5G band, an S1G band, and / or any other band.

[0051] In some demonstrative aspects, radios 114 and / or 144 may include or may be associated with one or more antennas.

[0052] In some demonstrative aspects, device 102 may include one or more antennas 107 and / or device 140 may include one or more antennas 147 .

[0053] Antennas 107 and / or 147 may include any type of antenna suitable for transmitting and / or receiving wireless communication signals, blocks, frames, transmission streams, packets, messages, and / or data. For example, antennas 107 and / or 147 may include any suitable configuration, structure, and / or arrangement of one or more antenna elements, components, units, assemblies, and / or arrays. In some aspects, antennas 107 and / or 147 may utilize separate transmit and receive antenna elements to implement transmit and receive functions. In some aspects, antennas 107 and / or 147 may utilize common and / or integrated transmit / receive elements to implement transmit and receive functions.

[0054] In some exemplary aspects, device 102 may include controller 124, and / or device 140 may include controller 154. Controller 124 may be configured to perform and / or trigger, cause, instruct, and / or control device 102 to perform one or more communications to generate and / or communicate one or more messages and / or transmissions, and / or perform one or more functions, operations, and / or processes between devices 102, 140, 160, and / or one or more other devices; and / or controller 154 may be configured to perform and / or trigger, cause, instruct, and / or control device 140 to perform one or more communications to generate and / or communicate one or more messages and / or transmissions, and / or perform one or more functions, operations, and / or processes between devices 102, 140, 160, and / or one or more other devices, e.g., as described below.

[0055] In some exemplary aspects, controllers 124 and / or 154 may include or may be partially or fully implemented by, for example, the following circuits and / or logic: one or more processors including circuits and / or logic, memory circuits and / or logic, Media-Access Control (MAC) circuits and / or logic, Physical Layer (PHY) circuits and / or logic, baseband (BB) circuits and / or logic, BB processors, BB memories, Application Processor (AP) circuits and / or logic, AP processors, AP memories, and / or any other circuits and / or logic configured to respectively perform the functions of controllers 124 and / or 154. Additionally or alternatively, one or more functions of controllers 124 and / or 154 may be implemented by logic that may be executed by a machine and / or one or more processors, for example, as described below.

[0056] In one example, the controller 124 may include circuits and / or logic, such as one or more processors including circuits and / or logic, to cause, trigger, and / or control a wireless device (e.g., device 102) and / or a wireless station (e.g., a wireless STA implemented by the device 102) to perform one or more operations, communications, and / or functions, such as described herein. In one example, the controller 124 may include at least one memory, such as coupled to one or more processors, which may be configured to, for example, at least temporarily store at least some information processed by one or more processors and / or circuits, and / or may be configured to store logic to be utilized by the processors and / or circuits.

[0057] In one example, the controller 154 may include circuits and / or logic, such as one or more processors including circuits and / or logic, to cause, trigger, and / or control a wireless device (e.g., device 140) and / or a wireless station (e.g., a wireless STA implemented by device 140) to perform one or more operations, communications, and / or functions, such as described herein. In one example, the controller 154 may include at least one memory, such as coupled to one or more processors, which may be configured to, for example, at least temporarily store at least some information processed by one or more processors and / or circuits, and / or may be configured to store logic to be utilized by the processors and / or circuits.

[0058] In some demonstrative aspects, at least a portion of the functionality of controller 124 may be implemented as part of one or more elements of radio 114 and / or at least a portion of the functionality of controller 154 may be implemented as part of one or more elements of radio 144 .

[0059] In other aspects, the functionality of controller 124 may be implemented as part of any other element of device 102 , and / or the functionality of controller 154 may be implemented as part of any other element of device 140 .

[0060] In some demonstrative aspects, device 102 may include a message processor 128 configured to generate, process, and / or access one or more messages communicated by device 102 .

[0061] In one example, the message processor 128 may be configured to generate one or more messages to be sent by the device 102 and / or the message processor 128 may be configured to access and / or process one or more messages received by the device 102, e.g., as described below.

[0062] In one example, the message processor 128 may include at least one first component configured to generate a message, for example, in the form of a frame, a field, an information element, and / or a protocol data unit, for example, a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU); at least one second component configured to convert the message into a PHY protocol data unit (PPDU), for example, by processing the message generated by the at least one first component, for example, by encoding the message, modulating the message, and / or performing any other additional or alternative processing on the message; and / or at least one third component configured to cause the message to be transmitted on a wireless communication medium, for example, on a wireless communication channel in a wireless communication frequency band, for example, by applying one or more transmit waveforms to one or more fields of the PPDU. In other aspects, the message processor 128 may be configured to perform any other additional or alternative functions and / or may include any other additional or alternative components to generate and / or process the message to be transmitted.

[0063] In some demonstrative aspects, device 140 may include a message processor 158 configured to generate, process, and / or access one or more messages communicated by device 140 .

[0064] In one example, message processor 158 may be configured to generate one or more messages to be sent by device 140 and / or message processor 158 may be configured to access and / or process one or more messages received by device 140, e.g., as described below.

[0065] In one example, the message processor 158 may include at least one first component configured to generate a message, for example, in the form of a frame, field, information element, and / or protocol data unit, such as an MPDU; at least one second component configured to convert the message into a PPDU, for example, by processing the message generated by the at least one first component, for example, by encoding the message, modulating the message, and / or performing any other additional or alternative processing on the message; and / or at least one third component configured to cause the message to be transmitted on a wireless communication medium, for example, on a wireless communication channel in a wireless communication frequency band, for example, by applying one or more transmit waveforms to one or more fields of the PPDU. In other aspects, the message processor 158 may be configured to perform any other additional or alternative functions and / or may include any other additional or alternative components to generate and / or process the message to be transmitted.

[0066] In some demonstrative aspects, message processors 128 and / or 158 may include or may be partially or fully implemented by, for example, circuits and / or logic including one or more processors, memory circuits and / or logic, MAC circuits and / or logic, PHY circuits and / or logic, BB circuits and / or logic, BB processors, BB memories, AP circuits and / or logic, AP processors, AP memories, and / or any other circuits and / or logic configured to respectively perform the functions of message processors 128 and / or 158. Additionally or alternatively, one or more functions of message processors 128 and / or 158 may be implemented by logic that may be executed by a machine and / or one or more processors, e.g., as described below.

[0067] In some demonstrative aspects, at least a portion of the functionality of message processor 128 may be implemented as part of radio 114 and / or at least a portion of the functionality of message processor 158 may be implemented as part of radio 144 .

[0068] In some demonstrative aspects, at least a portion of the functionality of message processor 128 may be implemented as part of controller 124 and / or at least a portion of the functionality of message processor 158 may be implemented as part of controller 154 .

[0069] In other aspects, the functionality of message processor 128 may be implemented as part of any other element of device 102 , and / or the functionality of message processor 158 may be implemented as part of any other element of device 140 .

[0070] In some demonstrative aspects, at least a portion of the functionality of the controller 124 and / or the message processor 128 may be implemented by an integrated circuit, such as a chip, such as a system on chip (SoC). In one example, the chip or SoC may be configured to perform one or more functions of one or more radio devices 114. For example, the chip or SoC may include one or more elements of the controller 124, one or more elements of the message processor 128, and / or one or more elements of one or more radio devices 114. In one example, the controller 124, the message processor 128, and the one or more radio devices 114 may be implemented as part of a chip or SoC.

[0071] In other aspects, controller 124 , message processor 128 , and / or one or more radios 114 may be implemented by one or more additional or alternative elements of device 102 .

[0072] In some demonstrative aspects, at least a portion of the functionality of the controller 154 and / or the message processor 158 may be implemented by an integrated circuit, such as a chip, such as a SoC. In one example, the chip or SoC may be configured to perform one or more functions of the one or more radio devices 144. For example, the chip or SoC may include one or more elements of the controller 154, one or more elements of the message processor 158, and / or one or more elements of the one or more radio devices 144. In one example, the controller 154, the message processor 158, and the one or more radio devices 144 may be implemented as part of a chip or SoC.

[0073] In other aspects, controller 154 , message processor 158 , and / or one or more radios 144 may be implemented by one or more additional or alternative elements of device 140 .

[0074] In some demonstrative aspects, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may include one or more STAs, operate as one or more STAs, function as one or more STAs, and / or perform one or more functions of one or more STAs. For example, device 102 may include at least one STA, device 140 may include at least one STA, and / or device 160 may include at least one STA.

[0075] In some demonstrative aspects, the device 102, the device 140, and / or the device 160 may include one or more Extremely High Throughput (EHT) STAs, operate as one or more EHT STAs, function as one or more EHT STAs, and / or perform one or more functions of one or more EHT STAs. For example, the device 102 may include one or more EHT STAs, operate as one or more EHT STAs, function as one or more EHT STAs, and / or perform one or more functions of one or more EHT STAs, and / or the device 140 may include one or more EHT STAs, operate as one or more EHT STAs, function as one or more EHT STAs, and / or perform one or more functions of one or more EHT STAs.

[0076] In some demonstrative aspects, for example, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may be configured to perform one or more operations and / or functions of a WiFi8 STA.

[0077] In other aspects, for example, the devices 102, 140, and / or 160 may be configured to perform one or more operations and / or functions of an Ultra High Reliability (UHR) STA.

[0078] In other aspects, for example, devices 102, 140, and / or 160 may be configured to perform one or more operations and / or functions of any other additional or alternative types of STAs.

[0079] In other aspects, device 102, device 140 and / or device 160 may include any other wireless device and / or station, operate as any other wireless device and / or station, function as any other wireless device and / or station, and / or perform one or more functions of any other wireless device and / or station, such as a WLAN STA, a WiFi STA, etc.

[0080] In some exemplary aspects, device 102, device 140 and / or device 160 may be configured to operate as an access point (AP), function as an AP, and / or perform one or more functions of an AP, where the AP is, for example, a high throughput (HT) AP STA, a high efficiency (HE) AP STA, an EHT AP STA and / or a UHR AP STA.

[0081] In some demonstrative aspects, the device 102, the device 140 and / or the device 160 may be configured to operate as a non-AP STA, function as a non-AP STA, and / or perform one or more functions of a non-AP STA, where the non-AP STA is, for example, a HT non-AP STA, a HE non-AP STA, an EHT non-AP STA and / or a UHR non-AP STA.

[0082] In other aspects, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may operate as, function as, and / or perform one or more functions of any other additional or alternative devices and / or stations.

[0083] In one example, a station (STA) may include a logical entity that is a single addressable instance of a medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) interface to a wireless medium (WM). A STA may perform any other additional or alternative functions.

[0084] In one example, an AP may include an entity that includes a station (STA) and provides access to a distribution service for associated STAs via a wireless medium (WM). The AP may include a STA and a distribution system access function (DSAF). The AP may perform any other additional or alternative functions.

[0085] In some demonstrative aspects, devices 102, 140, and / or 160 may be configured to communicate in a HT network, a HE network, an EHT network, a UHR network, and / or any other network.

[0086] In some exemplary aspects, devices 102, 140 and / or 160 may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more specifications, including, for example, one or more IEEE 802.11 specifications, such as the IEEE 802.11-2020 specification, the IEEE 802.11ax specification, and / or any other specifications and / or protocols.

[0087] In some demonstrative aspects, the device 102, the device 140, and / or the device 160 may include a multi-link device (MLD), operate as a MLD, function as a MLD, and / or perform the functions of an MLD. For example, the device 102 may include at least one MLD, operate as at least one MLD, function as at least one MLD, and / or perform the functions of at least one MLD, the device 140 may include at least one MLD, operate as at least one MLD, function as at least one MLD, and / or perform the functions of at least one MLD, and / or the device 160 may include at least one MLD, operate as at least one MLD, function as at least one MLD, and / or perform the functions of at least one MLD, e.g., as described below.

[0088] For example, an MLD may include a device as a logical entity that can support more than one attached station (STA) and can operate with one or more attached STAs. For example, an MLD may present a Medium Access Control (MAC) data service and a single MAC Service Access Point (SAP) to a Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer. An MLD may perform any other additional or alternative functions.

[0089] In some demonstrative aspects, for example, an infrastructure framework may include, for example, on one side, a multi-link AP logical entity including APs, and, for example, on another side, a multi-link non-AP logical entity including non-APs.

[0090] In some demonstrative aspects, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may be configured to operate as an AP MLD, function as an AP MLD, and / or perform one or more functions of an AP MLD.

[0091] In some demonstrative aspects, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may be configured to operate as a non-AP MLD, function as a non-AP MLD, and / or perform one or more functions of a non-AP MLD.

[0092] In other aspects, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may operate as, function as, and / or perform one or more functions of any other additional or alternative devices and / or stations.

[0093] For example, the AP MLD may include an MLD, wherein each STA attached to the MLD is an AP. In one example, the AP MLD may include a multi-link logical entity, wherein each STA within the multi-link logical entity is an EHT AP. The AP MLD may perform any other additional or alternative functions.

[0094] For example, the non-AP MLD may include an MLD, wherein each STA attached to the MLD is a non-AP STA. In one example, the non-AP MLD may include a multi-link logical entity, wherein each STA within the multi-link logical entity is a non-AP EHT STA. The non-AP MLD may perform any other additional or alternative functions.

[0095] In some demonstrative aspects, the device 102, the device 140, and / or the device 160 may include one or more AP STAs and / or one or more non-AP STAs, operate as one or more AP STAs and / or one or more non-AP STAs, function as one or more AP STAs and / or one or more non-AP STAs, and / or perform functions of one or more AP STAs and / or one or more non-AP STAs. In one example, the device 102 may include at least one AP STA, operate as at least one AP STA, function as at least one AP STA, and / or perform functions of at least one AP STA, and / or the device 140 may include at least one non-AP STA, operate as at least one non-AP STA, function as at least one non-AP STA, and / or perform functions of at least one non-AP STA.

[0096] In some demonstrative aspects, the device 102 may include, operate as, function as, and / or perform functions of a first STA, such as an AP STA or a non-AP STA.

[0097] In some demonstrative aspects, the device 140 may include, operate as, function as, and / or perform functions of a second STA, such as an AP STA or a non-AP STA.

[0098] In some demonstrative aspects, the device 160 may include, operate as, function as, and / or perform functions of a third STA, such as an AP STA or a non-AP STA.

[0099] In other aspects, device 102, device 140 and / or device 160 may include any other additional or alternative type of STA, operate as any other additional or alternative type of STA, function as any other additional or alternative type of STA, and / or perform the functions of any other additional or alternative type of STA.

[0100] In some demonstrative aspects, for example, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may be configured to communicate one or more PPDUs, for example, in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 specification.

[0101] In some demonstrative aspects, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may be configured to generate, send, receive, and / or process one or more transmissions of a PPDU, e.g., as described below.

[0102] In some demonstrative aspects, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may be configured to encode data according to forward error correction (FEC) encoding, eg, as described below.

[0103] In some demonstrative aspects, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may be configured to perform pre-FEC padding of data fields according to a pre-FEC padding mechanism, e.g., as described below.

[0104] In some demonstrative aspects, the pre-FEC padding mechanism may be configured based on one or more operations, functions, and / or procedures of a pre-FEC padding process, for example, in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 standard.

[0105] For example, the pre-FEC padding mechanism may be configured based on one or more operations and / or procedures of a pre-FEC padding process, for example, in accordance with the IEEE 802.11ac specification, the IEEE 802.11ax specification, and / or the IEEE 802.11be specification.

[0106] For example, according to the IEEE 802.11 specification, the FEC pre-padding can lock the low-density parity-check (LDPC) code to a predefined payload length.

[0107] For example, in some use cases, scenarios, and / or implementations, locking the LDPC code to a predefined payload may result in performance degradation, eg, per the IEEE 802.11 specification.

[0108] For example, locking the LDPC code to a predefined payload length may result in a large padding ratio, for example, when the data payload size is relatively small.

[0109] For example, applying pre-FEC padding to a relatively small PSDU size may result in a relatively high padding ratio, such as the following:

[0110]

[0111] Table 1

[0112] For example, the values ​​in Table 1 may relate to a PSDU to be transmitted on a channel BW of 40 megahertz (MHz) with a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index MCS7.

[0113] For example, as shown in Table 1, when the PSDU is encoded without pre-FEC padding, for example, in accordance with the IEEE 802.11n specification, zero bits may be used and accordingly, the padding ratio, e.g., the ratio between the number of padding bits and the PSDU size, may be 0%, e.g., regardless of the PSDU size.

[0114] For example, as shown in Table 1, when a PSDU is encoded with pre-FEC padding, for example, in accordance with the IEEE 802.11ac specification, a relatively large number of padding bits may be utilized, which may result in a relatively high padding ratio. For example, as shown in Table 1, the padding ratio may increase, for example, as the size of the PSDU decreases. For example, a PSDU having a relatively small size (e.g., 79 bytes) may have a relatively high padding ratio (e.g., 40%), which may be quite high, for example, compared to a PSDU having a larger size (e.g., 201 bytes), which may have a lower (but still high) padding ratio (e.g., 24.81%).

[0115] refer to Figure 2 , which schematically illustrates a graph 200 depicting Packet Error Ratio (PER) versus Signal-to-Noise ratio (SNR) associated with four use cases according to some exemplary aspects.

[0116] For example, curve 202 may relate to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 79 bytes, an MCS index of MCS7, and no pre-FEC padding.

[0117] For example, curve 204 may relate to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 201 bytes, an MCS index of MCS7, and no pre-FEC padding.

[0118] For example, curve 206 may relate to the transmission of a PSDU having a size of 79 bytes, an MCS index of MCS7, and pre-FEC padding.

[0119] For example, curve 208 may relate to the transmission of a PSDU having a size of 201 bytes, an MCS index of MCS7, and pre-FEC padding.

[0120] For example, curve 202, curve 204, curve 206, and / or curve 208 may be calculated according to Table 1 ( Figure 1 ) values ​​illustrate the PER performance.

[0121] For example, curves 206 and 208 illustrate a performance degradation of up to 4 dB with pre-FEC padding, for example due to a relatively large padding ratio, which is different from curves 202 and 204, which illustrate a case without pre-FEC padding. For example, in the case where repetitions of coded bits fill up the OFDM symbol, pre-FEC padding may not be applied, which may result in better performance.

[0122] For example, a padding factor, such as a pre-FEC padding factor a in accordance with the IEEE 802.11ax specification, may be used to mitigate (e.g., at least partially mitigate) the performance degradation caused by pre-FEC padding. However, in some cases, for example, even if a pre-FEC padding factor is implemented, the padding ratio may still be relatively high.

[0123] Return to reference Figure 1 In some exemplary aspects, device 102, device 140 and / or device 160 may be configured to implement a pre-FEC padding mechanism, which may be configured to provide a technical solution to support a reduced padding ratio, such as a minimized padding ratio, for example, as described below.

[0124] For example, a relatively large padding ratio may result in suboptimal performance for some PSDUs (eg, PSDUs having relatively small payload sizes and / or certain data rates).

[0125] In some exemplary aspects, the pre-FEC padding mechanism may be configured to provide a technical solution to mitigate such performance degradation, for example, by reducing (eg, minimizing) the padding ratio, for example, as described below.

[0126] In some exemplary aspects, the pre-FEC padding mechanism may be configured to provide a technical solution to reduce (e.g., minimize) the padding ratio, for example, by adjusting one or more parameters for transmission of the PPDU, for example, by implementing MCS index adjustment and / or BW adjustment, for example, as described below.

[0127] In some demonstrative aspects, the pre-FEC padding mechanism may be configured to implement a pre-FEC padding ratio threshold, eg, as described below.

[0128] In some demonstrative aspects, a pre-FEC padding ratio threshold may be defined and / or preconfigured, eg, as defined in a specification.

[0129] In other aspects, the pre-FEC padding ratio threshold may be implementation dependent.

[0130] In some exemplary aspects, a pre-FEC padding ratio threshold may be implemented to provide a technical solution to avoid one or more use cases, scenarios, and / or situations that may result in relatively large performance degradation, for example, as described below.

[0131] In some demonstrative aspects, the pre-FEC padding mechanism may be configured to mitigate relatively large padding ratios, eg, by implementing MCS index adjustment and / or bandwidth adjustment, eg, as described below.

[0132] In some exemplary aspects, MCS index adjustment and / or bandwidth adjustment may be combined with implementation of LDPC additional segments and / or one or more other additional or alternative suitable schemes, e.g., as described below.

[0133] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to determine a data field processing setting for a data field of the PPDU, e.g., so that a padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting does not exceed a padding parameter threshold, e.g., as described below.

[0134] In some demonstrative aspects, the data field processing settings may include an MCS index, eg, as described below.

[0135] In some demonstrative aspects, the data field processing settings may include channel BW settings, eg, as described below.

[0136] In other aspects, the data field processing settings may include any other additional or alternative settings.

[0137] In some demonstrative aspects, a padding parameter value corresponding to a data field processing setting may be based on a number of pre-FEC padding bits, eg, according to the data field processing setting, eg, as described below.

[0138] In some exemplary aspects, a padding parameter value corresponding to a data field processing setting may include, for example, a padding ratio corresponding to the data field processing setting, eg, as described below.

[0139] In some exemplary aspects, the padding parameter threshold may comprise, for example, a padding ratio threshold, eg, as described below.

[0140] In some exemplary aspects, a padding ratio corresponding to a data field processing setting may be based on, for example, a ratio between a number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting and a length value, which length value may correspond to and / or may be based on a length of the data field, for example, as described below.

[0141] In some demonstrative aspects, a padding parameter value corresponding to a data field processing setting may comprise, for example, a number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting, e.g., as described below.

[0142] In other aspects, the padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting may include the value of any other additional or alternative parameter, which may be based on the padding ratio corresponding to the data field processing setting, the number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting, any combination thereof and / or any other parameter, which is based on the number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting, for example, as described below.

[0143] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to encode the data field, for example, according to FEC encoding, using a number of pre-FEC padding bits set according to data field processing, for example, as described below.

[0144] In some demonstrative aspects, the FEC encoding may comprise LDPC encoding.

[0145] In other aspects, FEC encoding may include any other type of encoding.

[0146] In some demonstrative aspects, controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct a STA implemented by device 102 to determine a first padding parameter value corresponding to an initial data field processing setting, eg, as described below.

[0147] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to determine an adjusted data field processing setting, for example, based on determining that the first padding parameter value exceeds a padding parameter threshold, for example, as described below.

[0148] In some exemplary aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct the STA implemented by the device 102 to determine the adjusted data field processing setting, for example, so that the second padding parameter value corresponding to the adjusted data field processing setting does not exceed the padding parameter threshold, for example, as described below.

[0149] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to encode the data field, for example, according to FEC encoding, for example, using a number of pre-FEC padding bits set according to an adjusted data field processing, for example, as described below.

[0150] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to determine a data field processing setting, for example, so that a difference between an adjusted total number of OFDM symbols encoding the data field according to the adjusted data field processing setting and an initial total number of OFDM symbols encoding the data field according to the initial data field processing setting does not exceed a symbol threshold, for example, as described below.

[0151] In some demonstrative aspects, the symbol threshold may be defined and / or preconfigured, eg, as defined in a specification.

[0152] In other aspects, the symbol threshold may be implementation specific.

[0153] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to set an additional symbol fragment field in the PPDU, for example, to indicate a count of any additional OFDM symbols added to the data field, for example, based on an adjustment of the data field processing settings to ensure that the padding parameter value does not exceed a padding parameter threshold, for example, as described below.

[0154] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to determine a data field processing setting, for example, to iterate a process for determining the number of pre-FEC padding bits according to an iterative procedure, for example, while adjusting the data field processing setting between iterations, for example, as described below.

[0155] In some exemplary aspects, the termination criteria of the iterative procedure may require that the filling parameter value does not exceed the filling parameter threshold, for example, as described below. In other aspects, any other additional or alternative termination criteria may be implemented.

[0156] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to determine the number of data bits per symbol (N) used to encode the data field of the PPDU. DBPS ) is set, for example, so that DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set not to exceed the padding parameter threshold, for example, as described below.

[0157] In some exemplary aspects, with N DBPS Setting the corresponding padding parameter value can be based on the number of padding bits before FEC, for example, according to N DBPS The settings, for example, are as follows.

[0158] In some exemplary aspects, with N DBPSSetting the corresponding padding parameter value may include, for example, DBPS Set the corresponding padding ratio, for example, as described below.

[0159] In some exemplary aspects, the padding parameter threshold may comprise, for example, a padding ratio threshold, eg, as described below.

[0160] In some exemplary aspects, with N DBPS Setting the corresponding filling ratio can be based on, for example, N DBPS The ratio between the number of pre-FEC padding bits set and a length value, which may correspond to and / or may be based on the length of the data field, for example, as described below.

[0161] In some exemplary aspects, with N DBPS Setting the corresponding padding parameter value may include, for example, DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits is set, for example, as described below.

[0162] In other aspects, DBPS Setting the corresponding padding parameter value may include any other additional or alternative parameter value, which may be based on the N DBPS Set the corresponding filling ratio, according to N DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits set, any combination thereof, and / or any other parameter based on the N DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits is set, for example, as described below.

[0163] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct the STA implemented by the device 102 to perform the FEC encoding, use the N DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits set encodes the data field, for example, as described below.

[0164] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to determine a first padding parameter value corresponding to the pre-FEC padding of the data field, for example, based on the initial N DBPS The settings are determined, for example, as described below.

[0165] In some demonstrative aspects, controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct a STA implemented by device 102 to determine an adjusted N for encoding a data field. DBPS Setting, for example, is based on determining that the first padding parameter value exceeds a padding parameter threshold, for example, as described below.

[0166] In some demonstrative aspects, controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct a STA implemented by device 102 to determine an adjusted N for encoding a data field. DBPS Set, for example, so that with the adjusted N DBPS The corresponding second padding parameter value is set not to exceed the padding parameter threshold, for example, as described below.

[0167] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to encode the data field, for example, according to FEC encoding, for example, using the adjusted N DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits is set to perform encoding, for example, as described below.

[0168] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct the STA implemented by the device 102 to determine the adjusted N DBPS Set, for example, so that according to the adjusted N DBPS Set the adjusted total number of OFDM symbols encoding the data field to the same as the initial N DBPS The difference between the initial total number of OFDM symbols encoding the data field is set to not exceed a symbol threshold, for example, as described below.

[0169] In some demonstrative aspects, the symbol threshold may be defined and / or preconfigured, eg, as defined in a specification.

[0170] In other aspects, the symbol threshold may be implementation specific.

[0171] In some demonstrative aspects, controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct STA determination N implemented by device 102. DBPS The process for determining the number of pre-FEC padding bits is iterated, for example, according to an iterative procedure, for example, while adjusting N between iterations. DBPS The settings, for example, are as follows.

[0172] In some exemplary aspects, the termination criteria of the iterative procedure may require that the filling parameter value does not exceed the filling parameter threshold, for example, as described below. In other aspects, any other additional or alternative termination criteria may be implemented.

[0173] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to set the Extra Symbol Segments field in the PPDU, e.g., to indicate a count of any additional OFDM symbols added to the data field, e.g., based on N DBPSThe settings are adjusted to ensure that the fill parameter value does not exceed the fill parameter threshold, for example, as described below.

[0174] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to determine an MCS index, for example, to define N DBPS Set, for example, so that the fill parameter value, for example with N DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set, not exceeding the padding parameter threshold, for example, as described below.

[0175] In some demonstrative aspects, controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct STAs implemented by device 102 to configure FEC encoding, such as according to an MCS index, e.g., as described below.

[0176] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to select an MCS index from a plurality of MCS indexes, e.g., such that a padding parameter value, e.g., is consistent with N defined by the MCS index. DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set to be lower than the padding parameter value corresponding to one or more other MCS indices, for example, as described below.

[0177] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause, and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to select an MCS index from a plurality of MCS indexes, e.g., such that a padding parameter value, e.g., is consistent with N defined by the MCS index. DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set lower than the padding parameter values ​​corresponding to all other MCS indices in the plurality of MCS indices, for example, as described below.

[0178] In some exemplary aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct the STA implemented by the device 102 to determine the channel BW setting, for example, so that the padding parameter value, such as N DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set, not exceeding the padding parameter threshold, for example, as described below.

[0179] In some demonstrative aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to determine an MCS index and / or a channel BW setting, for example, so that a padding parameter value corresponding to the MCS index and / or the channel BW setting does not exceed a padding parameter threshold, for example, as described below.

[0180] In other aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct a STA implemented by the device 102 to determine settings for one or more rate-related parameters, for example, so that a padding parameter value corresponding to the rate-related parameter does not exceed a padding parameter threshold.

[0181] In other aspects, the controller 124 may be configured to control, trigger, cause and / or instruct the STA implemented by the device 102 to determine any other additional or alternative data field processing settings, for example, so that the padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting does not exceed the padding parameter threshold.

[0182] In some demonstrative aspects, device 102, device 140, and / or device 160 may be configured to pad a data field of a PPDU according to a two-step padding process, e.g., as described below.

[0183] For example, a two-step padding process may be applied to the UHR PPDU.

[0184] In some exemplary aspects, the two-step padding process may include one or more operations consistent with the padding process defined by the IEEE 802.11ax specification.

[0185] For example, the two-step padding process may include pre-FEC padding, and post-FEC padding. For example, pre-FEC padding may include pre-FEC MAC padding and pre-FEC PHY padding, which may be applied, for example, before FEC encoding to provide FEC coded bits. For example, post-FEC padding may include a post-FEC PHY padding process, which may be applied on FEC coded bits.

[0186] In some demonstrative aspects, device 102, device 140 and / or device 160 may be configured to perform one or more operations of a pre-FEC padding mechanism, which may be configured to ensure that one or more padding parameters do not exceed a padding parameter threshold, e.g., as described below.

[0187] In some exemplary aspects, the pre-FEC padding mechanism may be configured to provide a technical solution to address the technical problem of relatively large padding ratios, which may result in suboptimal performance, for example, for some small payload sizes, such as with a certain data rate.

[0188] For example, the pre-FEC padding mechanism may be configured to provide a technical solution to reduce (eg, minimize) predefined padding parameters, such as a padding ratio and / or a number of padding bits.

[0189] In some exemplary aspects, the pre-FEC padding mechanism may be configured to provide a technical solution to reduce the predefined padding parameters, for example, by applying MCS index adjustment, bandwidth adjustment and / or any other implementation-specific solution, for example, as described below.

[0190] In some exemplary aspects, the pre-FEC padding mechanism may be configured to provide a technical solution to reduce (e.g., minimize) predefined padding parameters, for example, by defining padding parameter thresholds, such as maximum padding parameters, such as a maximum padding ratio and / or a maximum number of padding bits.

[0191] For example, a padding parameter threshold may be defined, eg, a padding parameter threshold should be defined to force a transmitter, eg, transmitter 118 of a STA implemented by device 102, to reduce a predefined padding parameter, eg, such that it does not exceed the padding parameter threshold.

[0192] For example, the padding ratio may be reduced through implementation-specific solutions, such as through MCS index adjustment and / or bandwidth adjustment, for example, as described below.

[0193] For example, it may be defined that MCS index adjustment and / or bandwidth adjustment must not (eg, should not) affect link adaptation, which may be achieved by indicating the result of the MCS index adjustment and / or bandwidth adjustment to the intended receiver.

[0194] For example, another LDPC Extra Symbol Segments field may be defined, eg, to indicate any extra OFDM symbols added to minimize the padding ratio.

[0195] In other aspects, the pre-FEC padding mechanism may be configured to perform any other additional or alternative operations to reduce (eg, minimize) the padding ratio.

[0196] refer to Figure 3 , which schematically illustrates a FEC pre-padding method 300 according to some exemplary aspects.

[0197] For example, device 102 ( Figure 1 )、device 140( Figure 1 ) and / or device 160( Figure 1 ) can implement one or more operations of the FEC pre-padding method 300.

[0198] In some demonstrative aspects, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may be configured as an enhanced pre-FEC padding process, eg, as described below.

[0199] In some demonstrative aspects, the enhanced FEC pre-padding process may be configured, for example, as an enhancement of a FEC pre-padding process, for example, in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 specification.

[0200] In some exemplary aspects, pre-FEC padding method 300 may include performing a padding ratio check, eg, to ensure that the padding ratio is below a predefined padding ratio threshold, eg, as described below.

[0201] In some demonstrative aspects, as shown at block 302, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include determining the number of bits remaining in the last (one or more) OFDM symbols of the data field of the PPDU (e.g., PSDU), denoted as N. Excess , for example, as follows:

[0202] N Excess =mod(8·APEP_LENGTH+N tail +N service ,m STBC ·N DBPS ) (1)

[0204] in:

[0205] If Space Time Block Code (STBC) is used, then m STBC is 2, otherwise it is 1;

[0206] APEP_LENGTH represents the transmit vector (TXVECTOR) parameter APEP_LENGTH, for example, the number of octets in the Aggregate MPDU (A-MPDU) padded per-EOF carried in the PSDU;

[0207] N tail Indicates the number of tail bits for each encoder;

[0208] N service Indicates the number of bits in the SERVICE field;

[0209] N DBPS Indicates the number of data bits per symbol.

[0210] In some exemplary aspects, as shown at block 302, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include determining an initial number of OFDM symbols with coded data, denoted as N SYM,init , for example, as follows:

[0211]

[0212] In some exemplary aspects, as shown at block 304, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include determining an initial pre-FEC padding factor value, denoted as a init , for example, as follows:

[0213]

[0214] in:

[0215] N DBPS,short =N CBPS,short ·R

[0216] in:

[0217] R represents the coding rate;

[0218] N CBPS,short =N SD,short ·N SS ·N BPSCS ,

[0219] Where Nss represents the number of spatial streams, where N BPSCS represents the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream, and where N SD,short The value of can be based on the resource unit (RU) size.

[0220] In some exemplary aspects, as shown at block 306, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include, for example, determining, based on an initial pre-FEC padding factor value a init , determine the initial number of data bits per symbol in the last (one or more) OFDM symbols, denoted as N DBPS,last,init , for example, as follows:

[0221]

[0222] In some exemplary aspects, as shown at block 306, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include, for example, determining, based on an initial pre-FEC padding factor value a init , determine the initial number of coded bits per symbol in the last (one or more) OFDM symbols, denoted as N CBPS,last,init , for example, as follows:

[0223]

[0224] In some exemplary aspects, as shown at block 308, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include determining a number of pre-FEC padding bits, denoted as N. PAD,Pre-FEC, for example, in the case of HE SU PPDU and / or HE Extended Range (ER) SU PPDU, for example, as follows:

[0225] N PAD,Pre-FEC =(N SYM,init -m STBC )N DBPS +m STBC N DBPS,last,init -8·

[0226] APEP_LENGTH-N tail -N service (6)

[0227] In some exemplary aspects, as shown at block 310, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include determining a padding ratio, denoted as n, e.g., as follows:

[0228] η=N PAD,Pre-FEC / (8·APEP_LENGTH+N tail +N service ) (7)

[0229] In other aspects, the fill ratio may be determined according to any other suitable definition.

[0230] In some demonstrative aspects, as shown at block 312, pre-FEC padding method 300 may include comparing the padding ratio to a predefined padding ratio threshold.

[0231] For example, Figure 3 As shown, for example, the padding ratio η may be determined before performing pre-FEC padding using the calculated number of bits to be padded.

[0232] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the filling ratio η can be compared with a predefined threshold denoted as "T".

[0233] In one example, the threshold value T may be defined, for example, by a standard.

[0234] In another example, the threshold T may be implementation specific.

[0235] In some exemplary aspects, such as Figure 3 As shown, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include performing pre-FEC padding using the calculated number of bits to be padded, for example, based on determining that the padding ratio is less than a predefined threshold, for example, n. <T。

[0236] In some exemplary aspects, such as Figure 3As shown, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may (eg, should / should) include adjusting a short-term MCS level, eg, to reduce a padding ratio, eg, based on determining that the padding ratio is greater than a predefined threshold, eg, η>T.

[0237] In some exemplary aspects, such as Figure 3 As shown, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include adjusting the short-term MCS level, for example, to reduce the padding ratio, for example, provided that the number of OFDM symbols is not changed, or the number of any additional OFDM symbols added is within a predefined threshold (denoted as “E max ”), for example, as described below.

[0238] In one example, the threshold E max It may be defined, for example, by a standard.

[0239] In another example, the threshold E max It may be implementation dependent.

[0240] In some exemplary aspects, as shown at block 314, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include adjusting a short-term MCS level, e.g., to an MCS, which may reduce a padding ratio, e.g., based on the following criteria:

[0241]

[0242] in:

[0243] N SYM,MCS Indicates the required number of OFDM symbols with the new MCS.

[0244] In other aspects, the fill ratio may be adjusted by any other additional or alternative schemes and / or criteria.

[0245] In some demonstrative aspects, as shown at block 316, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include comparing a new number of data bits per symbol (e.g., based on the adjusted MCS) with a previous number of data bits per symbol (e.g., based on a previous setting of the MCS).

[0246] In some exemplary aspects, as indicated by arrow 317, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include performing pre-FEC padding using the calculated number of bits to be padded, for example, using the new MCS calculated in block 314, for example, based on determining that the new number of data bits per symbol is equal to the previous number of data bits per symbol.

[0247] In some demonstrative aspects, as shown at block 318, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include setting the number of data bits per symbol to a value of a new number of data bits per symbol, e.g., based on a previous setting of the MCS, e.g., based on determining that the new number of data bits per symbol is different from the previous number of data bits per symbol.

[0248] In some demonstrative aspects, as indicated by arrow 319, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include determining an adjusted number of padding bits by performing the operations of blocks 302, 304, 306, 308, and 310, e.g., based on a new number of data bits per symbol, e.g., based on a previous setting of the MCS.

[0249] In some exemplary aspects, such as Figure 3 As shown, the pre-FEC padding method 300 may include an iterative procedure, including iterating a process for determining the number of pre-FEC padding bits, for example, by performing the operations of blocks 302, 304, 306, 308, and 310, for example, while adjusting the MCS setting between iterations. For example, the termination criteria of the iterative procedure may require that the padding ratio does not exceed the padding ratio threshold, for example, as shown at block 312.

[0250] In some demonstrative aspects, the pre-FEC padding factor ("a") may (eg, should) be indicated with more than two bits (eg, 3 bits), for example, to provide a technical solution to reduce the impact from pre-FEC padding.

[0251] In some demonstrative aspects, for example, more than 2 bits (eg, 3 bits) may be used in a SIG field of a PPDU (eg, in a UHR-SIG field or any other SIG field) to indicate a pre-FEC padding factor.

[0252] In other aspects, post-FEC padding can be removed (e.g., disabled), for example, to provide a technical solution to support improved efficiency. For example, this can be achieved by using only the "a" factor to indicate pre-FEC padding information. For example, the last one or two OFDM symbols can be used to reduce LDPC puncturing or add repetitions, for example, to improve LDPC coding performance.

[0253] refer to Figure 4 , which schematically illustrates a graph 400 depicting PER versus SNR, according to some exemplary aspects.

[0254] For example, graph 400 depicts the PER performance of a SU PPDU with a PSDU size of 201 bytes.

[0255] For example, curve 402 may correspond to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 201 bytes, an MCS index of MCS7, and pre-FEC padding.

[0256] For example, curve 404 may correspond to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 201 bytes, an MCS index of MCS5, and pre-FEC padding.

[0257] For example, curve 406 may correspond to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 201 bytes, an MCS index of MCS6, and pre-FEC padding.

[0258] For example, curve 401 may correspond to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 201 bytes, an MCS index of MCS5, and no pre-FEC padding.

[0259] For example, curve 403 may correspond to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 201 bytes, an MCS index of MCS6, and no pre-FEC padding.

[0260] For example, curve 405 may correspond to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 201 bytes, an MCS index of MCS7, and no pre-FEC padding.

[0261] For example, Figure 4 As shown, for example, by reducing the MCS index from MCS7 to MCS5, for example, with pre-FEC padding, for example, while maintaining the same number of OFDM symbols, such as four OFDM symbols, a relatively large performance improvement can be achieved.

[0262] refer to Figure 5 , which schematically illustrates a graph 500 depicting PER versus SNR, according to some exemplary aspects.

[0263] For example, graph 500 depicts the PER performance of a SU PPDU with a PSDU size of 79 bytes.

[0264] For example, curve 502 may correspond to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 79 bytes, an MCS index of MCS7, with pre-FEC padding, and two OFDM symbols.

[0265] For example, curve 504 may correspond to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 79 bytes, an MCS index of MCS5, with pre-FEC padding, and two OFDM symbols.

[0266] For example, curve 506 may correspond to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 79 bytes, an MCS index of MCS4, with pre-FEC padding, and three OFDM symbols.

[0267] For example, curve 508 may correspond to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 79 bytes, an MCS index of MCS6, with pre-FEC padding, and two OFDM symbols.

[0268] For example, curve 510 may correspond to the transmission of a PSDU with a size of 79 bytes, an MCS index of MCS7, no pre-FEC padding, and two OFDM symbols.

[0269] For example, Figure 5 As shown, for example, by reducing the MCS index from MCS7 to MCS5, for example, with pre-FEC padding, for example, while maintaining the same number of OFDM symbols, such as two OFDM symbols, a relatively large performance improvement can be achieved.

[0270] For example, Figure 5 As shown, even greater performance improvement may be achieved, for example, by reducing the MCS index to MCS 4, for example, with pre-FEC padding, for example, with one additional OFDM symbol, for example a total of three OFDM symbols.

[0271] refer to Figure 6 , which schematically illustrates a method for pre-FEC padding according to some exemplary aspects. For example, Figure 6 One or more operations of the method may be performed by a system (e.g., system 100 ( Figure 1 )) is performed by one or more elements, such as one or more wireless devices, such as device 102 ( Figure 1 )、device 140( Figure 1 ) and / or device 160( Figure 1 ), a controller, for example, controller 124 ( Figure 1 ) and / or controller 154 ( Figure 1 ), a radio device, for example, a radio device 114 ( Figure 1 ) and / or radio device 144 ( Figure 1 ), and / or a message processor, such as message processor 128 ( Figure 1 ) and / or message processor 158 ( Figure 1 ).

[0272] As shown at block 602, the method may include determining, at the STA, a data field processing setting for a data field of the PPDU, e.g., such that a padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting does not exceed a padding parameter threshold. For example, the data field processing setting may include at least one of an MCS index and / or a channel BW setting. For example, the padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting may be based on a number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting. For example, the controller 124( Figure 1 ) may be configured to cause, trigger and / or control the operation of device 102 ( Figure 1 )A STA implemented by the STA determines a data field processing setting for the data field of the PPDU, for example, so that a padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting does not exceed a padding parameter threshold, for example, as described above.

[0273] As shown at block 604, the method may include encoding the data field according to the FEC encoding, for example, using a number of pre-FEC padding bits set according to the data field processing. For example, the controller 124 ( Figure 1 ) may be configured to cause, trigger and / or control the operation of device 102 ( Figure 1 )The STA implemented by the embodiment encodes the data field according to the FEC encoding, for example, using the number of FEC pre-padding bits set according to the data field processing, for example, as described above.

[0274] refer to Figure 7 , which schematically illustrates a method for pre-FEC padding according to some exemplary aspects. For example, Figure 7 One or more operations of the method may be performed by a system (e.g., system 100 ( Figure 1 )) is performed by one or more elements, such as one or more wireless devices, such as device 102 ( Figure 1 )、device 140( Figure 1 ) and / or device 160( Figure 1 ), a controller, for example, controller 124 ( Figure 1 ) and / or controller 154 ( Figure 1 ), a radio device, for example, a radio device 114 ( Figure 1 ) and / or radio device 144 ( Figure 1 ), and / or a message processor, such as message processor 128 ( Figure 1 ) and / or message processor 158 ( Figure 1 ).

[0275] As indicated at block 702, the method may include determining, at a STA, an N bit for encoding a data field of a PPDU. DBPS Set, for example, so that with N DBPSSet the corresponding filling parameter value not exceeding the filling parameter threshold. DBPS Setting the corresponding padding parameter value can be based on N DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits set. For example, controller 124 ( Figure 1 ) may be configured to cause, trigger and / or control the operation of device 102 ( Figure 1 ) The STA implemented determines the N used to encode the data field of the PPDU DBPS Set, for example, so that with N DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set not to exceed a padding parameter threshold, for example, as described above.

[0276] As indicated at block 704, the method may include encoding the data field according to the FEC encoding, for example, using a DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits set. For example, controller 124 ( Figure 1 ) may be configured to cause, trigger and / or control the operation of device 102 ( Figure 1 ) implements STA to encode the data field according to FEC coding, for example, using DBPS Set the number of pre-FEC padding bits, for example, as described above.

[0277] refer to Figure 8 , which schematically illustrates an article 800 manufactured according to some exemplary aspects. Article 800 may include one or more tangible computer-readable ("machine-readable") non-transitory storage media 802, which may include computer-executable instructions, such as instructions implemented by logic 804, which, when executed by at least one computer processor, are operable to enable the at least one computer processor to perform, at a device 102 ( Figure 1 )、device 140( Figure 1 )、Device 160( Figure 1 )、Controller 124( Figure 1 )、Controller 154( Figure 1 )、Message processor 128( Figure 1 ), message processor 158 ( Figure 1 )、Radio device 114( Figure 1 )、Radio Device 144( Figure 1 )、Transmitter 118( Figure 1 )、Transmitter 148( Figure 1 ), receiver 116 ( Figure 1 ) and / or receiver 146 ( Figure 1 ) to implement one or more operations; so that device 102 ( Figure 1 )、device 140( Figure 1 )、Device 160( Figure 1)、Controller 124( Figure 1 )、Controller 154( Figure 1 )、Message processor 128( Figure 1 ), message processor 158 ( Figure 1 )、Radio device 114( Figure 1 )、Radio Device 144( Figure 1 )、Transmitter 118( Figure 1 )、Transmitter 148( Figure 1 ), receiver 116 ( Figure 1 ) and / or receiver 146 ( Figure 1 ) execute, trigger and / or implement one or more operations and / or functions; and / or execute, trigger and / or implement reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and / or Figure 7 One or more operations and / or functions described herein, and / or one or more operations described herein. The phrases "non-transitory machine-readable medium" and "computer-readable non-transitory storage medium" may be directed to include all machine- and / or computer-readable media, with the only exception being transitory propagating signals.

[0278] In some exemplary aspects, the product 800 and / or the machine-readable storage medium 802 may include one or more types of computer-readable storage media capable of storing data, including volatile memory, non-volatile memory, removable or non-removable memory, erasable or non-erasable memory, writable or rewritable memory, etc. For example, the machine-readable storage medium 802 may include RAM, DRAM, Double-Data-Rate DRAM (DDR-DRAM), SDRAM, static RAM (SRAM), ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory (e.g., NOR or NAND flash memory), content addressable memory (CAM), polymer memory, phase change memory, ferroelectric memory, silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) memory, disk, hard drive, etc. Computer-readable storage media may include any appropriate media that participates in downloading or transferring a computer program carried in a data signal embodied in a carrier wave or other propagation medium from a remote computer to a requesting computer via a communication link (e.g., a modem, radio, or network connection).

[0279] In some exemplary aspects, logic 804 may include instructions, data, and / or code that, if executed by a machine, may cause the machine to perform methods, processes, and / or operations as described herein. The machine may include, for example, any suitable processing platform, computing platform, computing device, processing device, computing system, processing system, computer, processor, etc., and may be implemented using any suitable combination of hardware, software, firmware, etc.

[0280] In some exemplary aspects, logic 804 may include or may be implemented as software, a software module, an application, a program, a subroutine, an instruction, an instruction set, a computing code, a word, a value, a symbol, and the like. Instructions may include any suitable type of code, such as source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, and the like. Instructions may be implemented according to a predefined computer language, manner, or syntax for instructing a processor to perform a specific function. Instructions may be implemented using any suitable high-level, low-level, object-oriented, visual, compiled and / or interpreted programming language, machine code, and the like.

[0281] Example

[0282] The following examples relate to further aspects.

[0283] Example 1 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause a wireless communication station (STA) to determine a data field processing setting for a data field of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) so that a padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting does not exceed a padding parameter threshold, wherein the data field processing setting includes at least one of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index or a channel bandwidth (BW) setting, wherein the padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting is based on a number of pre-forward error correction (FEC) (pre-FEC) padding bits according to the data field processing setting; and the data field is encoded according to FEC encoding using the number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting.

[0284] Example 2 includes the subject matter of Example 1, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to determine the MCS index to define the number of data bits per symbol (N DBPS ) is set so that the padding parameter value does not exceed the padding parameter threshold, and the FEC coding is configured according to the MCS index.

[0285] Example 3 includes the subject matter of Example 2, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to select the MCS index from a plurality of MCS indices so that the padding parameter value is lower than padding parameter values ​​corresponding to one or more other MCS indices.

[0286] Example 4 includes the subject matter of Example 2, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to select the MCS index from a plurality of MCS indices so that the padding parameter value is lower than padding parameter values ​​corresponding to all other MCS indices in the plurality of MCS indices.

[0287] Example 5 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-4, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to determine the channel BW setting such that the padding parameter value does not exceed the padding parameter threshold.

[0288] Example 6 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-5, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to determine a first padding parameter value corresponding to an initial data field processing setting; determine an adjusted data field processing setting based on determining that the first padding parameter value exceeds the padding parameter threshold, so that a second padding parameter value corresponding to the adjusted data field processing setting does not exceed the padding parameter threshold; and encode the data field according to the FEC encoding using the number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the adjusted data field processing setting.

[0289] Example 7 includes the subject matter of Example 6, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to determine the data field processing setting so that a difference between an adjusted total number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols encoded for the data field according to the adjusted data field processing setting and an initial total number of OFDM symbols encoded for the data field according to the initial data field processing setting does not exceed a symbol threshold.

[0290] Example 8 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-7, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to determine the data field processing setting according to an iterative procedure to iterate the process for determining the number of pre-FEC padding bits while adjusting the data field processing setting between iterations, wherein a termination criterion of the iterative procedure requires that the padding parameter value does not exceed the padding parameter threshold.

[0291] Example 9 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-8, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to set an additional symbol fragment field in the PPDU to indicate a count of any additional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols added to the data field based on an adjustment to the data field processing setting to ensure that the padding parameter value does not exceed a padding parameter threshold.

[0292] Example 10 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-9, and optionally, wherein the padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting includes a padding ratio corresponding to the data field processing setting, and wherein the padding parameter threshold includes a padding ratio threshold.

[0293] Example 11 includes the subject matter of Example 10, and optionally, wherein the padding ratio corresponding to the data field processing setting is based on a ratio between the number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting and the length of the data field.

[0294] Example 12 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-9, and optionally, wherein the padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting comprises a number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting.

[0295] Example 13 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-12, and optionally, wherein the FEC encoding comprises low-density parity check (LDPC) encoding.

[0296] Example 14 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-13, and optionally, includes a radio to transmit the PPDU.

[0297] Example 15 includes the subject matter of Example 14, and optionally, includes one or more antennas coupled to the radio, and a processor to execute instructions of an operating system of the STA.

[0298] Example 16 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause a wireless communication station (STA) to determine a number of data bits per symbol (N) used to encode a data field of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU); DBPS ) is set so that DBPS Set the corresponding filling parameter value not exceeding the filling parameter threshold, where the N DBPS Setting the corresponding filling parameter value is based on the N DBPS The number of padding bits before forward error correction (FEC) (pre-FEC) is set; and the number of padding bits before FEC (pre-FEC) is set according to the N DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits is set, and the data field is encoded according to the FEC encoding.

[0299] Example 17 includes the subject matter of Example 16, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to determine a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index to define the N DBPS Set so that with the N DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set not to exceed the padding parameter threshold, and the FEC coding is configured according to the MCS index.

[0300] Example 18 includes the subject matter of Example 17, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to select the MCS index from a plurality of MCS indexes so that the STA is consistent with the N defined by the MCS index. DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set to be lower than the padding parameter values ​​corresponding to one or more other MCS indices.

[0301] Example 19 includes the subject matter of Example 17, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to select the MCS index from a plurality of MCS indexes so that the STA is consistent with the N defined by the MCS index. DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set lower than the padding parameter values ​​corresponding to all other MCS indices in the plurality of MCS indices.

[0302] Example 20 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 16-19, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to determine a channel bandwidth (BW) for the PPDU such that the channel bandwidth (BW) is the same as the N DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set not to exceed the padding parameter threshold.

[0303] Example 21 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 16-20, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to determine the STA according to the initial N DBPS a first padding parameter value corresponding to the FEC pre-padding of the data field set; and determining, based on determining that the first padding parameter value exceeds the padding parameter threshold, an adjusted N for encoding the data field. DBPS Set so that the adjusted N DBPS Set the corresponding second filling parameter value not to exceed the filling parameter threshold; and use the adjusted N DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits is set, and the data field is encoded according to the FEC encoding.

[0304] Example 22 includes the subject matter of Example 21, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to determine the adjusted N DBPS Set so that according to the adjusted N DBPS The adjusted total number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols encoding the data field is set to be equal to the initial N DBPS The difference between the initial total number of OFDM symbols encoding the data field is set to not exceed a symbol threshold.

[0305] Example 23 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 16-22, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to determine the N according to an iterative procedure. DBPS Set to iterate the process for determining the number of pre-FEC padding bits, while adjusting N between iterations DBPS value, wherein the termination criterion of the iterative procedure requires that the filling parameter value does not exceed the filling parameter threshold.

[0306] Example 24 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 16-23, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the STA to set an additional symbol segment field in the PPDU to indicate an additional symbol segment based on the N DBPS The padding parameter value is set to adjust the count of any additional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols added to the data field to ensure that the padding parameter value does not exceed the padding parameter threshold.

[0307] Example 25 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 16-24, and optionally, wherein DBPS The corresponding filling parameter values ​​are set to include the N DBPS A corresponding filling ratio is set, wherein the filling parameter threshold includes a filling ratio threshold.

[0308] Example 26 includes the subject matter of Example 25, and optionally, wherein DBPS Setting the corresponding filling ratio is based on the N DBPS Sets the ratio between the number of pre-FEC padding bits and the length of the data field.

[0309] Example 27 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 16-24, and optionally, wherein DBPS Setting the corresponding padding parameter value includes: DBPS Set the number of pre-FEC padding bits.

[0310] Example 28 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 16-27, and optionally, wherein the FEC encoding comprises low-density parity check (LDPC) encoding.

[0311] Example 29 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 16-28, and optionally, includes a radio to transmit the PPDU.

[0312] Example 30 includes the subject matter of Example 29, and optionally, includes one or more antennas coupled to the radio, and a processor to execute instructions of an operating system of the STA.

[0313] Example 31 includes a wireless communication device comprising an apparatus as described in any of Examples 1-30.

[0314] Example 32 includes a mobile device comprising an apparatus as described in any of Examples 1-30.

[0315] Example 33 includes an apparatus comprising means for performing any of the described operations of any of Examples 1-30.

[0316] Example 34 includes a product comprising one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitory storage media, the media comprising instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, are operable to enable the at least one processor to cause a wireless communication device to perform any of the operations described in any of Examples 1-30.

[0317] Example 35 includes an apparatus comprising: a memory interface; and a processing circuit configured to: perform any described operations of any of Examples 1-30.

[0318] Example 36 includes a method comprising any of the described operations of any of Examples 1-30.

[0319] The functions, operations, components and / or features described herein with reference to one or more aspects may be combined with or utilized in conjunction with one or more other functions, operations, components and / or features described herein with reference to one or more other aspects, and vice versa.

[0320] While certain features have been illustrated and described herein, numerous modifications, substitutions, changes, and equivalents will occur to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes that fall within the true spirit of the disclosure.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause a wireless communication station (STA): determining a data field processing setting for a data field of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) such that a padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting does not exceed a padding parameter threshold, wherein: The data field processing setting includes at least one of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index or a channel bandwidth (BW) setting, wherein a padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting is based on a number of pre-forward error correction (FEC) (pre-FEC) padding bits according to the data field processing setting; and The data field is encoded according to FEC encoding using the number of pre-FEC padding bits set according to the data field processing.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, configured to cause the STA to determine the MCS index to define the number of data bits per symbol (N DBPS ) is set so that the padding parameter value does not exceed the padding parameter threshold, and the FEC coding is configured according to the MCS index.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, configured to cause the STA to select the MCS index from a plurality of MCS indices so that the padding parameter value is lower than padding parameter values ​​corresponding to one or more other MCS indices.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, configured to cause the STA to select the MCS index from a plurality of MCS indexes so that the padding parameter value is lower than padding parameter values ​​corresponding to all other MCS indexes in the plurality of MCS indexes.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, configured to cause the STA to determine the channel BW setting so that the padding parameter value does not exceed the padding parameter threshold.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, configured to cause the STA to: determining a first padding parameter value corresponding to an initial data field processing setting; based on determining that the first padding parameter value exceeds the padding parameter threshold, determining an adjusted data field processing setting such that a second padding parameter value corresponding to the adjusted data field processing setting does not exceed the padding parameter threshold; and The data field is encoded according to the FEC encoding using the number of pre-FEC padding bits set according to the adjusted data field processing.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, configured to cause the STA to determine the data field processing setting so that a difference between an adjusted total number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols encoded for the data field according to the adjusted data field processing setting and an initial total number of OFDM symbols encoded for the data field according to the initial data field processing setting does not exceed a symbol threshold.

8. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, configured to cause the STA to determine the data field processing setting according to an iterative procedure to iterate the process for determining the number of pre-FEC padding bits while adjusting the data field processing setting between iterations, wherein: The termination criterion of the iterative procedure requires that the padding parameter value does not exceed the padding parameter threshold.

9. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-7, configured to cause the STA to set an additional symbol fragment field in the PPDU to indicate a count of any additional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols added to the data field based on an adjustment to the data field processing setting to ensure that the padding parameter value does not exceed a padding parameter threshold.

10. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting includes a padding ratio corresponding to the data field processing setting, wherein the padding parameter threshold includes a padding ratio threshold.

11. The device of claim 10, wherein: The padding ratio corresponding to the data field processing setting is based on a ratio between the number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting and the length of the data field.

12. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting includes the number of pre-FEC padding bits according to the data field processing setting.

13. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The FEC coding includes low-density parity check (LDPC) coding.

14. The apparatus of any of claims 1-7, comprising a radio to transmit the PPDU.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, comprising one or more antennas coupled to the radio, and a processor to execute instructions of an operating system of the STA.

16. An apparatus comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause a wireless communication station (STA): Determine the number of data bits per symbol (N) used to encode the data field of the physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) DBPS ) is set so that DBPS Set the corresponding filling parameter value not exceeding the filling parameter threshold, where With the N DBPS Setting the corresponding filling parameter value is based on the N DBPS The number of pre-FEC (pre-FEC) padding bits that are set; and Use according to the N DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits is set, and the data field is encoded according to the FEC encoding.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, configured to cause the STA to determine a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index to define the N DBPS Set so that with the N DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set not to exceed the padding parameter threshold, and the FEC coding is configured according to the MCS index.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, configured to cause the STA to determine a channel bandwidth (BW) for the PPDU so that DBPS The corresponding padding parameter value is set not to exceed the padding parameter threshold.

19. The apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 18, configured to enable the STA to: Determine and according to the initial N DBPS The first padding parameter value corresponding to the FEC pre-padding of the set data field; Based on determining that the first padding parameter value exceeds the padding parameter threshold, determining an adjusted N for encoding the data field DBPS Set so that the adjusted N DBPS Setting the corresponding second padding parameter value not to exceed the padding parameter threshold; and Use the adjusted N DBPS The number of pre-FEC padding bits is set, and the data field is encoded according to the FEC encoding.

20. The apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 18, configured to enable the STA to: The N is determined according to an iterative procedure DBPS Set to iterate the process for determining the number of pre-FEC padding bits, while adjusting N between iterations DBPS Value, where The termination criterion of the iterative procedure requires that the padding parameter value does not exceed the padding parameter threshold.

21. A product, the product comprising one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitory storage media, the media comprising instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to cause a wireless communication station (STA): determining a data field processing setting for a data field of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) such that a padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting does not exceed a padding parameter threshold, wherein: The data field processing setting includes at least one of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index or a channel bandwidth (BW) setting, wherein a padding parameter value corresponding to the data field processing setting is based on a number of pre-forward error correction (FEC) (pre-FEC) padding bits according to the data field processing setting; and The data field is encoded according to FEC encoding using the number of pre-FEC padding bits set according to the data field processing.

22. The product of claim 21, wherein: When executed, the instructions cause the STA to: determining a first padding parameter value corresponding to an initial data field processing setting; determining an adjusted data field processing setting based on determining that the first padding parameter value exceeds the padding parameter threshold value so that a second padding parameter value corresponding to the adjusted data field processing setting does not exceed the padding parameter threshold value; and The data field is encoded according to the FEC encoding using the number of pre-FEC padding bits set according to the adjusted data field processing.

23. The product of claim 21 or 22, wherein: When executed, the instructions cause the STA to determine the data field processing settings according to an iterative procedure to iterate the process for determining the number of pre-FEC padding bits while adjusting the data field processing settings between iterations, wherein a termination criterion of the iterative procedure requires that the padding parameter value does not exceed the padding parameter threshold.

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