Seed vigor detection equipment based on RGB (red, green and blue) image and multispectral technology

Abstract

The invention discloses seed vigor detection equipment based on an RGB image and a multispectral technology. Wherein the seed-metering device, the air pump and the sorting mechanism are all fixed with the bracket structure; an outlet of the air pump is connected with an inlet of a seed suction air passage in a rear baffle in the seed-metering device through a seed suction air pipe; an air tap of the sorting mechanism faces a seed outlet track outside a seed outlet of the seed-metering device; the detection mechanism is mounted on a front baffle plate of the seed metering device; a plurality of seed suction through holes are uniformly formed in the seed selection disc, and the radial positions of the seed suction through holes correspond to those of the seed suction air channels, so that negative pressure of the seed suction air channels can penetrate through the seed suction through holes to suck seeds, located on the other side of the front baffle, of the seed selection disc; the RGB camera and the spectrum sensor are fixed in the two grooves in front of the front baffle respectively and right face the arc-shaped edge of the partition plate. The positions of the seeds and the detection device are relatively stable, the photographing position is more stable, and the accuracy is high; and the nozzle faces towards the outlet of the seed-metering device, so that cleaning can be performed earlier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a seed vitality detection device based on RGB image and multi-spectral technology. Background Art

[0002] Seed vitality is related to the emergence rate and growth of seeds, and has a decisive influence on crop yields. As a major agricultural country, my country's agricultural product output ranks among the top in the world, but the yield per mu is relatively low. The low seed germination rate is an important reason for this. The main reason for the low germination rate is that the seeds are mixed with broken or deformed seeds. At the same time, they are affected by the storage environment (temperature, humidity, etc.) and storage years. Although some seeds are not damaged on the outside, their internal components change and lose vitality, thus affecting the increase of crop yields.

[0003] Therefore, a device is needed to detect and screen out seeds that are defective or have low internal vitality, so as to improve the seed germination rate, promote growth, and increase per-acre yield. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a seed vitality detection device based on RGB image and multi-spectral technology, which can detect, screen and collect a large number of seeds, so as to collect better seeds, improve the rate of good seeds and thus improve seedling emergence. The technical scheme includes: a support structure, a seed metering device, an air pump and a detection mechanism, wherein the seed metering device, the air pump and the sorting mechanism are all fixed to the support structure; the outlet of the air pump is connected to the inlet of the seed suction air channel in the rear baffle of the seed metering device through a seed suction air pipe; the air nozzle of the sorting mechanism faces the seed outlet track outside the seed outlet of the seed metering device; the detection mechanism is installed on the front baffle of the seed metering device;

[0005] The seed metering device comprises: a front baffle, a sorter, a partition plate, a seed selection disk, a reduction gear set, a connecting shaft, a rear baffle, a seed suction air pipe, a stepper motor, a funnel and a seed outlet, wherein the front baffle and the rear baffle are fixed by bolts, the funnel is connected to the seed inlet below the front baffle, and the outer wall of the lower end of the funnel is provided with a raised step for easy fixation on the seed inlet; the seed selection disk is rotatably connected to the rear baffle through a connecting shaft, the teeth on the edge of the seed selection disk are connected to the power output of the stepper motor through a reduction gear set, and the housing of the stepper motor is fixed to the rear baffle; a seed suction air duct connected to the rear baffle is opened on the rear baffle, and a plurality of seed suction through holes are evenly arranged on the seed selection disk, and the radial positions of the seed suction through holes correspond to the seed suction air duct, so that the negative pressure of the seed suction air duct can pass through the seed suction through holes to suck the seeds on the seed selection disk located on the other side of the front baffle; the position of the arc edge in the partition plate is located in front of the tail of the seed suction air duct; the partition plate fixed to the front baffle fits with the seed selection disk;

[0006] The partition plate comprises: a seed-passing opening, an arc edge and a tangent edge integrally formed from top to bottom, wherein the arc edge is an arc segment, so that the seeds falling from the seed-absorbing through hole are slowly accelerated and gradually move toward the tangent edge; the edge of the tangent edge faces the seed outlet;

[0007] The detection mechanism includes: a micro-industrial computer, a light source, an RGB camera and a spectral sensor, wherein the RGB camera and the spectral sensor are respectively fixed in two grooves in front of the front baffle and face the arc edge of the partition plate; the light source is fixed around the RGB camera and faces the focal length direction of the RGB camera; the micro-industrial computer is fixed to the bracket structure, and the micro-industrial computer is respectively connected to the RGB camera, the spectral sensor and the air pump.

[0008] A classifier is fixed in the rear baffle plate. The classifier is arranged along the moving direction of the seed selection disc and is located in front of the partition plate.

[0009] The detection mechanism includes two working processes: judging whether the seeds are deformed and judging the vitality status of the seeds:

[0010] When the seeds pass through the RGB camera, the RGB camera captures the image of the seeds. Since each seed passes through the arc-shaped edge structure, the path of each seed falling is relatively fixed to the position of the seed meter and the RGB camera, and is located in the center of the recognition area. The captured seed image is then processed to determine whether the seed is deformed.

[0011] When seeds pass through the spectral sensor, the light source around the spectral sensor can emit a band of spectrum to illuminate the seeds, and the seeds will reflect part of the light waves back and be detected by the sensor probe; since each seed passes through the arc-shaped edge structure, the path of each seed falling is relatively fixed with the position of the seed meter and the spectral sensor, and is located in the center of the identification area; the captured seed spectral information is then processed to determine the vitality status of the seeds.

[0012] The seed vitality detection device also includes: a sorting mechanism;

[0013] The sorting mechanism comprises: a fan, an air valve, an air nozzle, a high-vigor seed collector, a low-vigor seed collector and a deformed seed collector; the air nozzle is connected to the air outlet of the fan through the air valve, and the air valve and the fan are both connected to a micro-industrial computer; the high-vigor seed collector, the low-vigor seed collector and the deformed seed collector are all fixed to the bracket structure; the high-vigor seed collector is located at the end point of the seed output trajectory, and the low-vigor seed collector and the deformed seed collector are located in the direction of the air nozzle spraying.

[0014] When the seeds move out of the seed outlet and the detection mechanism determines that the seeds are deformed seeds, the valve opening of the air valve is opened to the maximum to blow the seeds into the deformed seed collector.

[0015] When the seeds move out of the seed outlet and the detection mechanism determines that the vitality of the seeds belongs to low-vitality seeds, the mechanism opens the valve opening of the air valve to half and blows the seeds into the low-vitality seed collector.

[0016] When the seeds move out of the seed outlet and the detection mechanism determines that the vitality state of the seeds belongs to high-vigor seeds, the mechanism closes the air valve to allow the seeds to fall freely to the high-vigor seed collector.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The air-suction precision seeding technology is adopted. The air-suction seeding device can accurately discharge single seeds. It also has the advantages of good seeding effect and strong adaptability.

[0019] 2. Integrate computer vision and multispectral technology. Computer vision can identify damaged and deformed seeds by collecting the shape and size of seeds, while multispectral technology can identify seeds that are intact in appearance but have lost vitality due to aging of internal substances by collecting the internal spectral information of seeds. It can identify multiple types of inactivated seeds and greatly improve the overall vitality level of seeds.

[0020] 3. Compared with the detection device set at the rear end of the seed metering device, the position of the seeds and the detection device is relatively stable, and the position of the photo is more stable with high accuracy; and the nozzle is facing the earlier cleaning at the outlet of the seed metering device. At the same time, the device has high integration, is compact and lightweight compared to the existing design, and has a wider range of applications.

[0021] 4. The pneumatic sorting device has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, simple installation and maintenance, easy adjustment of output and working speed, and can adapt to different types of seed sorting and reduce seed damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a seed vitality detection device embodiment based on RGB image and multi-spectral technology.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a seed metering device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a detection mechanism and a seed metering device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is an electronic control flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is an image captured by a seed during the actual operation of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Among them, 1 support structure; 2 seed rower; 201 front baffle; 202 sorter; 203 partition plate; 204 seed selection plate; 205 reduction gear set; 206 connecting shaft; 207 rear end cover; 208 seed suction air pipe; 209 stepper motor; 210 funnel; 211 seed outlet; 3 air pump; 301 seed suction air duct; 4 detection mechanism; 401 RGB camera; 402 spectral sensor; 403 light source; 404 micro industrial computer; 405 single chip microcomputer; 406 photoelectric sensor; 407 AD conversion module; 5 sorting mechanism; 501 fan; 502 air valve; 503 air nozzle; 505 high-vigor seed collector; 506 low-vigor seed collector; 507 deformed seed collector; 2031 seed penetration opening; 2032 arc edge; 2033 tangent edge; 2041 seed suction through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention shown comprises: a support structure 1, a seed metering device 2, an air pump 3, a detection mechanism 4 and a sorting mechanism 5, wherein the support structure 1 is fixed together by an aluminum profile through a connecting angle piece, and the profile has a notch, which can be connected with other structures; the seed metering device 2, the air pump 3 and the sorting mechanism 5 are all fixed to the support structure 1 by bolts; the outlet of the air pump 3 is connected to the inlet of the seed suction air channel 301 in the rear baffle 207 of the seed metering device 2 through the seed suction air pipe 208; the air nozzle 503 of the sorting mechanism 5 faces the seed outlet track outside the seed outlet 211 of the seed metering device 2; the detection mechanism 4 is installed on the front baffle 201 of the seed metering device 2;

[0031] The sorting mechanism 5 includes: a fan 501, an air valve 502, an air nozzle 503, a high-vigor seed collector 505, a low-vigor seed collector 506 and a deformed seed collector 507. The air nozzle 503 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 501 through the air valve 502. The high-vigor seed collector 505, the low-vigor seed collector 506 and the deformed seed collector 507 are all fixed to the support structure 1; the high-vigor seed collector 505 is located at the end point of the seed output trajectory, and the low-vigor seed collector 506 and the deformed seed collector 507 are located in the direction of the air nozzle 503 spraying.

[0032] like Figure 4As shown, the seed metering device 2 fixed on the top of the support structure 1 by bolt connection includes: a front baffle 201, a sorter 202, a partition plate 203, a seed selection plate 204, a reduction gear set 205, a connecting shaft 206, a rear baffle 207, a seed suction air pipe 208, a stepper motor 209, a funnel 210 and a seed outlet 211, wherein the front baffle 201 and the rear baffle 207 are fixed by bolts, the funnel 210 is connected to the seed inlet below the front baffle 201, and the outer wall of the lower end of the funnel is provided with a raised step to facilitate fixing on the seed inlet;

[0033] The seed selection disk 204 is rotatably connected to the rear baffle 207 via a connecting shaft 206, and the teeth on the edge of the seed selection disk 204 are connected to the power output of the stepper motor 209 via a reduction gear set 205, and the housing of the stepper motor 209 is fixed to the rear baffle 207;

[0034] The rear baffle 207 is provided with a seed suction air passage 301 connected to the front baffle, and the seed selection disk 204 is evenly provided with a plurality of seed suction through holes 2041, and the radial positions of the seed suction through holes 2041 correspond to the seed suction air passage 301, so that the negative pressure of the seed suction air passage 301 can pass through the seed suction through holes 2041 to suck the seeds on the other side of the front baffle of the seed selection disk 204;

[0035] The sorter 202 fixed to the rear baffle is arranged along the moving direction of the seed selection plate 204 and is located before the partition plate 203. The sorter 202 is used to remove the situation where more than one seed is sucked by a seed suction through hole 2041;

[0036] The arc-shaped edge 2032 in the partition plate 203 is located in front of the tail of the seed suction air channel 301 (the movement direction of the seed selection disk 204), so that the seeds adsorbed on the seed suction through hole 2041 in the seed selection disk 204 can automatically fall on the arc-shaped edge 2032 of the partition plate 203 when the negative pressure at the tail of the seed suction air channel 301 disappears and the seeds automatically fall off; most of the partition plate 203 fixed to the front baffle is in contact with the seed selection disk 204 to prevent the fallen seeds from falling back into the seed storage part at the bottom of the seed metering device 2.

[0037] The partition plate 203 includes: a through opening 2031, an arc edge 2032 and a tangent edge 2033 integrally formed from top to bottom, wherein

[0038] The seed penetration opening 2031 is used to allow the seeds adsorbed on the seed suction through hole 2041 to pass through the partition plate 203 to the tail position of the seed suction air channel 301 and fall;

[0039] The arc edge 2032 is an arc segment, so that the seeds falling from the seed suction through hole 2041 can be gently and slowly accelerated and gradually move toward the tangent edge 2033;

[0040] The angle between the tangent edge 2033 and the vertical plane is small, so that the falling seeds have a certain acceleration, thereby obtaining a stable throwing curve; the edge of the tangent edge 2033 faces the seed outlet 211.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the detection mechanism 4 includes: an RGB camera 401 and a spectral sensor 402, which are respectively fixed in two grooves in front of the front baffle 201 and face the arc edge 2032 of the partition plate 203; the light source 403 is welded around the RGB camera 401 and faces the focal length direction of the RGB camera 401; the micro industrial computer 404 is fixed on the top of the bracket structure 1 by bolts, and the micro industrial computer 404 is respectively connected to the RGB camera 401, the spectral sensor 402, the air valve 502, the air pump 3, and the fan 501.

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, the power supply module includes two modes of power supply: battery power supply and charging interface power supply, which can power the RGB camera 401 and the spectral sensor 402 in the detection module; the photoelectric sensor 406 is used to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal; the light source of the spectral sensor 402 can emit a spectrum of one or more bands for irradiating seeds; the spectral sensor 402 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer 405, and the electrical signal is sent to the single-chip microcomputer, which is converted through the AD conversion module 407 and converted into a digital signal for processing; the RGB camera 401 and the single-chip microcomputer 405 are directly connected to the micro industrial computer 404, and the micro industrial computer 404 is used for image processing, data comparison, and hardware control; the power module in the figure can provide different power supply modes to adapt to different working conditions.

[0043] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0044] First, the seeds to be sorted are put into the seed metering device through the funnel, and the fan and air pump are started to work through the program control interface of the micro-industrial computer, and a relative vacuum is generated behind the seed selection disk through the air pipe to adsorb the seeds to the empty slots of the seed selection disk; then the stepper motor is enabled through the stepper motor enable button on the program control interface, and the reduction gear set is driven to rotate, and then the reduction gear set drives the seed selection disk to rotate through the meshing movement between the gears, and the seeds rotate accordingly; when a single seed suction hole 2041 adsorbs excessive seeds, too large seeds or other impurities passing through the sorter, they will be blocked and fall off, so that different types of seeds can be sorted or impurities can be separated; at the same time, after filling and cleaning the seeds, the seeds that fall on the partition plate 203 are guaranteed to be single grains.

[0045] The steps for testing seeds of different vigours through a testing agency are as follows:

[0046] (1) First, set the parameters in the program control interface. According to the needs, set the spectral thresholds at two wavelengths and the image separation thresholds.

[0047] (2) When the seeds pass through the arc edge 2032 of the partition plate, the light source around the camera can emit visible light, which increases the brightness of the seeds and facilitates the RGB camera to collect seed images; due to the structure of the arc edge 2032, the path of each seed falling and the positions of the seed meter, RGB camera and spectral sensor are relatively fixed and are all located in the center of the recognition area (such as Figure 6 As shown, according to the comparison, they are basically located in the same position), and the recognition accuracy is high.

[0048] (3) When the seed passes through the RGB camera, the camera captures its image, transmits the captured image to the micro-industrial computer, and displays the captured image through the program control interface; then the collected image is processed by visual software, and the image processing here includes: grayscale processing, binarization, noise reduction, expansion and corrosion, edge extraction, and feature recognition.

[0049] (4) The characteristic data after seed identification processing is displayed through the program control interface, and the processed image and characteristic parameter curve are displayed on the interface at the same time, so that the intact state of the seed can be observed and whether the seed is deformed can be judged.

[0050] (5) When seeds pass through the spectral sensor, the light source around the sensor can emit a band of light spectrum to illuminate the seeds. The seeds will reflect part of the light waves back and be detected by the sensor probe.

[0051] (6) The spectral sensor transmits the detected data to a micro-industrial computer, and the spectral information of the seeds at wavelengths of 860nm and 810nm is processed by the program and displayed on the program control interface. This can be used to obtain the vitality information of the seeds and determine the vitality status of the seeds; thus, compared with static multi-seed identification, this device can achieve accurate dynamic detection and sorting of the activity of single seeds.

[0052] (7) Sorting seeds of different vitality through program control:

[0053] When the seeds run to the seed outlet of the seed meter, the partition plate fits tightly with the seed selection disk, so the seeds cannot be adsorbed on the empty slots of the seed selection disk, and thus fall through the seed outlet.

[0054] In the step of detecting seeds of different vigours through the above-mentioned detection mechanism, the seed features obtained by the RGB camera and image processing have been used to determine whether the seeds are deformed; if they are deformed seeds, no spectral detection is performed, and when the seeds move out of the seed outlet (the time interval is determined by debugging), an electrical signal is sent to the air valve through a micro-industrial computer to open the valve port of the air valve 502 to the maximum, and the seeds are blown into the deformed seed collector; if they are normal seeds, the next step of spectral detection and judgment is performed.

[0055] The normal seeds detected above are detected by a spectral sensor, and the vitality status of the seeds is judged based on the spectral information of the seeds. If they are low-vigor seeds, an electrical signal is sent to the air valve through a micro-industrial computer to open the valve mouth of the air valve 502 to half, reduce the blowing force of the air nozzle, and blow the seeds into the low-vigor seed collector; if they are high-vigor seeds, the air valve 502 is closed to allow the seeds to fall freely to the high-vigor seed collector.

Claims

1. A seed vitality detection device based on RGB image and multispectral technology, characterized in that: include: A support structure (1), a seed metering device (2), an air pump (3) and a detection mechanism (4), wherein the seed metering device (2), the air pump (3) and the sorting mechanism (5) are all fixed to the support structure (1); the outlet of the air pump (3) is connected to the inlet of the seed suction air channel (301) in the rear baffle (207) of the seed metering device (2) through a seed suction air pipe (208); the air nozzle (503) of the sorting mechanism (5) is oriented toward the seed discharge track outside the seed discharge port (211) of the seed metering device (2); The detection mechanism (4) is installed on the front baffle (201) of the seed metering device (2); The seed metering device 2 comprises: a front baffle (201), a sorter (202), a partition plate (203), a seed selection disk (204), a reduction gear set (205), a connecting shaft (206), a rear baffle (207), a seed suction air pipe (208), a stepping motor (209), a funnel (210) and a seed outlet (211), wherein the front baffle (201) and the rear baffle (207) are fixed by bolts, the funnel (210) is connected to the seed inlet below the front baffle (201), and the outer wall of the lower end of the funnel is provided with a raised step for easy fixation on the seed inlet; the seed selection disk (204) is rotatably connected to the rear baffle (207) via the connecting shaft (206), and the teeth on the edge of the seed selection disk (204) are connected by the reduction gear set (209). 5) connected to the power output of the stepper motor (209), the housing of the stepper motor (209) is fixed to the rear baffle (207); a seed suction air duct (301) connected to the rear baffle (207) is opened, and a plurality of seed suction through holes (2041) are evenly arranged on the seed selection disk (204), and the radial positions of the seed suction through holes (2041) correspond to the seed suction air duct (301), so that the negative pressure of the seed suction air duct (301) can pass through the seed suction through holes (2041) to suck the seeds on the other side of the seed selection disk (204) located on the front baffle; the position of the arc edge (2032) in the partition plate (203) is located in front of the tail of the seed suction air duct (301); the partition plate (203) fixed to the front baffle is in contact with the seed selection disk (204); The partition plate (203) comprises: a seed penetration opening (2031), an arcuate edge (2032) and a tangent edge (2033) integrally formed from top to bottom, wherein the arcuate edge (2032) is an arc segment, so that the seeds falling from the seed suction through hole (2041) are slowly accelerated and gradually move toward the tangent edge (2033); the edge of the tangent edge (2033) faces the seed outlet (211); The detection mechanism (4) comprises: a micro-industrial computer (404), a light source (403), an RGB camera (401) and a spectral sensor (402); the RGB camera (401) and the spectral sensor (402) are respectively fixed in two grooves in front of the front baffle (201) and face the arc-shaped edge 2032 of the partition plate (203); the light source (403) is fixed around the RGB camera (401) and faces the focal length direction of the RGB camera (401); the micro-industrial computer (404) is fixed to the support structure (1), and the micro-industrial computer (404) is respectively connected to the RGB camera (401), the spectral sensor (402) and the air pump (3).

2. The seed vitality detection device based on RGB image and multi-spectral technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A classifier (202) is fixed inside the rear baffle plate. The classifier (202) is arranged along the moving direction of the seed selection disc 204 and is located in front of the partition plate (203).

3. A seed vitality detection device based on RGB image and multispectral technology according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The detection mechanism includes two working processes: judging whether the seeds are deformed and judging the vitality status of the seeds: When the seeds pass through the RGB camera, the RGB camera captures the image of the seeds. Since each seed passes through the structure of the arc edge (2032), the path of each seed falling is relatively fixed to the position of the seed meter and the RGB camera, and is located at the center of the recognition area. Then, the captured seed image is processed to determine whether the seed is deformed. When the seeds pass through the spectral sensor, the light source around the spectral sensor can emit a band of spectrum to illuminate the seeds, and the seeds will reflect part of the light waves back and be detected by the sensor probe; since each seed passes through the structure of the arc edge (2032), the path of each seed falling is relatively fixed with the position of the seed meter and the spectral sensor, and is located in the center of the identification area; then the captured seed spectral information is processed and the vitality state of the seed is determined.

4. The seed vitality detection device based on RGB image and multi-spectral technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The seed vitality detection device further comprises: a sorting mechanism (5); The sorting mechanism (5) comprises: a fan (501), an air valve (502), an air nozzle (503), a high-vigor seed collector (505), a low-vigor seed collector (506) and a deformed seed collector (507); the air nozzle (503) is connected to the air outlet of the fan (501) through the air valve (502), and the air valve (502) and the fan (501) are both connected to a micro-industrial computer (404); the high-vigor seed collector (505), the low-vigor seed collector (506) and the deformed seed collector (507) are all fixed to the support structure (1); the high-vigor seed collector (505) is located at the end point of the seeding trajectory, and the low-vigor seed collector (506) and the deformed seed collector (507) are located in the direction of the air nozzle (503) spraying.

5. The seed vitality detection device based on RGB image and multi-spectral technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: When the seeds move out of the seed outlet and the detection mechanism determines that the seeds are deformed seeds, the valve opening of the air valve (502) is opened to the maximum to blow the seeds into the deformed seed collector.

6. The seed vitality detection device based on RGB image and multi-spectral technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: When the seeds move out of the seed outlet and the detection mechanism determines that the vitality of the seeds belongs to low-vitality seeds, the mechanism opens the valve of the air valve (502) to halfway and blows the seeds into the low-vitality seed collector.

7. The seed vitality detection device based on RGB image and multi-spectral technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: When the seeds move out of the seed outlet and the detection mechanism determines that the vitality of the seeds belongs to high-vitality seeds, the mechanism closes the air valve (502) to allow the seeds to fall freely to the high-vitality seed collector.

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