Method for planting paris polyphylla under forest

Abstract

The invention discloses an under-forest planting method for paris polyphylla, and belongs to the technical field of planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The method comprises the steps of land selection, land preparation, transplanting, withered fallen leaf covering and cultivation management. According to the method, a traditional artificial sunshelter planting mode is broken through, the Yunnan paris polyphylla is planted in the natural environment of the abandoned forest, original trees are reserved, the cost can be saved, and the land utilization rate is increased; under the original ecological condition, the paris polyphylla is high in adaptability and good in growth vigor, and the yield and quality of the paris polyphylla can be improved. According to the planting method, forest resources can be effectively protected, the economic output of forest land is increased, the quality of paris polyphylla is improved, the application amount of fertilizer is reduced, pesticide residues are eradicated, and green, healthy and residue-free paris polyphylla products are truly achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material planting, and in particular relates to a method for planting Paris polyphylla under forests. Background Art

[0002] Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis is a precious Chinese medicinal material with high medicinal value. Due to the strict environmental requirements for the growth of Paris polyphylla, traditional cultivation models and planting techniques face some challenges. At present, the commonly used cultivation model is to carry out large-scale cultivation of Paris polyphylla by artificially building shade sheds. However, this cultivation model requires artificial creation of shade and humid conditions, which increases the cost of management and maintenance; in order to expand the scale of planting, deforestation and reclamation and occupation of arable land have aggravated the tension of forest land or arable land. Therefore, how to expand the planting scale of Paris polyphylla and improve the quality and yield of Paris polyphylla while reducing costs and reducing the occupation of arable land is still a technical problem in this field. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for planting Paris polyphylla under forest, which can save costs, improve land utilization, improve the growth efficiency and survival rate of Paris polyphylla, and improve the yield and quality of Paris polyphylla.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for planting Paris polyphylla under forest, the method comprising the following steps: site selection, land preparation, transplanting, covering with dead leaves and cultivation management; the site selection comprises: selecting a Paris polyphylla forest with an altitude of 1200-2550m, a slope of 15-25°, a downslope, an east slope and / or a southeast slope, a forest density of 0.5-0.8, a forest soil thickness of more than 40cm, a dead branch and leaf layer and a humus layer thickness of ≥5cm, and a soil volume moisture content of 25%-35%;

[0006] The land preparation includes: clearing the forest land, deep plowing the soil, carrying out ridge preparation along the slope in the water-prone areas, and carrying out ridge preparation across the slope in the arid areas, with the ridge height being 10 to 35 cm, the ridge width being 80 to 140 cm, the ridge length being 6 to 10 m, and the ridge spacing being 20 to 40 cm.

[0007] Preferably, the forest soil comprises loam or sandy loam.

[0008] Preferably, the Yunnan pine forest includes a pure Yunnan pine forest or a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest consisting of Yunnan pine and broad-leaved plants.

[0009] Preferably, the stand density of the Yunnan pine forest is 60 to 80 trees per mu.

[0010] Preferably, when the thickness of the litter layer and the humus layer is 5 to 10 cm, the soil is plowed deeply by 20 to 30 cm; when the thickness of the litter layer and the humus layer is greater than 10 cm, the soil is plowed deeply by 30 to 40 cm.

[0011] Preferably, the transplanting includes transplanting rhizomes or transplanting seedlings.

[0012] Preferably, the transplanting is carried out by row sowing, with a row spacing of 35 to 50 cm and a plant spacing of 10 to 30 cm in each row.

[0013] Preferably, the planting density of the Paris polyphylla is 7500 to 8000 plants per mu.

[0014] Preferably, the cultivation management includes flood and drought prevention, adjustment of forest stand density, tillage and weeding, fertilization, pest and disease control and care.

[0015] Preferably, the pest control includes installing insecticidal lamps at the planting site.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] The present invention is based on the principle of selecting suitable sites for medicine, selecting suitable forests for medicine, and selecting suitable trees for medicine. The climatic conditions, land conditions, forest types, tree species, altitude, slope position, slope, slope direction, canopy density and other conditions of the selected planting site are suitable for the growth of Paris polyphylla. The adjustment of the land preparation steps improves the growth efficiency and survival rate of Paris polyphylla, thereby improving the yield and quality of Paris polyphylla. The present invention breaks through the traditional artificial shade shed planting mode, utilizes the natural environment of the retired forest to plant Paris polyphylla, and the original forest trees are retained, which can save costs and improve land utilization rate; under the original ecological conditions, Paris polyphylla has strong adaptability and good growth, and can improve the yield and quality of Paris polyphylla. The planting method of the present invention can effectively protect forest resources, increase the economic output of forest land, improve the quality of Paris polyphylla, reduce the amount of fertilizer applied, and eliminate pesticide residues, truly realizing that Paris polyphylla products are green, healthy and residue-free. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention provides a method for planting Paris polyphylla under forest, the method comprising the following steps: site selection, land preparation, transplanting, covering with dead leaves and cultivation management; the site selection comprises: selecting a Paris polyphylla forest with an altitude of 1200-2550m, a slope of 15-25°, a downslope, an east slope and / or a southeast slope, a forest density of 0.5-0.8, a forest soil thickness of more than 40cm, a dead branch and leaf layer and a humus layer thickness of ≥5cm, and a soil volume moisture content of 25%-35%;

[0019] The land preparation includes: clearing the forest land, deep plowing the soil, carrying out ridge preparation along the slope in the water-prone areas, and carrying out ridge preparation across the slope in the arid areas, with the ridge height being 10 to 35 cm, the ridge width being 80 to 140 cm, the ridge length being 6 to 10 m, and the ridge spacing being 20 to 40 cm.

[0020] In the present invention, in the selected site, the altitude is preferably 1221-2531m or 1850-1954m or 1950-1960m or 1954-2100m. The slope is preferably 16-23° or 18-22° or 20°; too large a slope is not conducive to water and fertilizer conservation, and affects the growth of Paris polyphylla. The slope is downhill. Compared with the middle slope and uphill, the downhill under the forest is more humid, and its soil layer is more fertile and slightly thicker, which provides a good external environment for the growth of Paris polyphylla. The forest canopy density is preferably 0.6-0.7. The thickness of the forest soil is preferably ≥50cm or ≥70cm. The soil volume water content is preferably 26%-30% or 28%-32%. The forest soil preferably includes loam or sandy loam. Preferably, the upper layer of the forest soil includes a litter layer and a humus layer, and the thickness of the litter layer and the humus layer is preferably 5 to 10 cm or greater than 10 cm. The Yunnan pine forest preferably includes a pure Yunnan pine forest or a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest composed of Yunnan pine and broad-leaved plants; the broad-leaved plants preferably include dry wax gourd, Alnus, Quercus variabilis, Quercus ash-back, Lithocarpus xylocarpus, Lithocarpus jingdongensis and Castanopsis sparsely toothed. The Yunnan pine forest is preferably a middle-aged forest, a nearly mature forest or a mature forest. The stand density of the Yunnan pine forest is preferably 60 to 80 plants / mu or 65 to 75 plants / mu or 70 plants / mu. The present invention selects the site based on the principle of selecting the right site for medicine, selecting the right forest for medicine, and selecting the right tree for medicine. The climatic conditions, land conditions, stand types, tree species, altitude, slope position, slope, slope direction, canopy density and other conditions of the selected planting site are suitable for the growth of Polygonum multiflorum.

[0021] In the present invention, the cleaning preferably includes clearing and thinning the forest land, cutting down thorns, vines, shrubs and weeds under the forest, and digging out the roots of weeds and miscellaneous trees. When the thickness of the dead branches and leaves layer and the humus layer is 5 to 10 cm, the depth of deep plowing of the soil is preferably 20 to 30 cm; when the thickness of the dead branches and leaves layer and the humus layer is greater than 10 cm, the depth of deep plowing of the soil is preferably 30 to 40 cm. The present invention does not adopt a uniform deep plowing depth during land preparation, but plows in layers according to the thickness of the dead branches and leaves layer and the humus layer, which can avoid excessive disturbance at the growth level of the root system under the forest, so as to protect the ecological balance of the biological community under the forest and the sustainability of planting under the forest. Preferably, the forest land is cleaned and plowed before the winter, and ridges are formed after wintering. The ridge height is preferably 15 to 30 cm or 20 to 35 cm. The ridge width is preferably 100 to 120 cm or 110 to 130 cm. The ridge length is preferably 7-9 m or 8-10 m. The ridge spacing is preferably 25-30 cm or 30-35 cm.

[0022] In the present invention, the transplanting preferably includes transplanting rhizomes or transplanting seedlings; the method of transplanting rhizomes or transplanting seedlings can be conventionally selected according to actual needs. The transplanting period is preferably the dry season or the rainy season; the dry season is preferably transplanting after the Paris polyphylla has fallen down, at which time the Paris polyphylla rhizomes are transplanted; the rainy season is preferably transplanting after the Paris polyphylla emerges from the ground and leaves are unfolded, at which time the Paris polyphylla seedlings are transplanted. The transplanting is preferably planted in the form of row sowing, with the bud end facing upward during planting, and the row spacing is preferably 35 to 50 cm or 37 to 40 cm or 40 to 45 cm; the spacing between plants in each row is preferably 10 to 30 cm or 12 to 15 cm or 15 to 20 cm, so as to ensure that each Paris polyphylla can fully absorb sunlight and will not be affected by excessive competition. The planting density of the Paris polyphylla is preferably 7500 to 8000 plants / mu or 7600 to 7800 plants / mu or 7700 to 7900 plants / mu.

[0023] In the present invention, the dead leaves covering preferably includes covering with dead leaves in the forest after transplanting and covering with soil, and the thickness of the covering is preferably such that the soil is not exposed, so as to play the role of heat preservation, moisture retention and weed prevention. Preferably, it also includes watering once after planting to help the roots take root.

[0024] In the present invention, the cultivation management preferably includes flood control and drought prevention, adjustment of forest stand canopy density, intertillage and weeding, fertilization, pest and disease control and care. The method of cultivation management can be routinely selected according to actual needs. For example, the flood control and drought prevention preferably include flood control and prevention of soil erosion in the rainy season, retaining uphill and mid-slope vegetation on the planting ground, planting slope protection vegetation along the planting ground in forest stands with less understory vegetation, and setting drainage ditches according to the terrain; setting up a reservoir near the planting site for irrigation during continuous drought. The adjustment of forest stand canopy density can preferably be carried out simultaneously with the tending of the forest stand, and the forest stand canopy density can be adjusted by cutting down poorly growing trees or shaping, pruning, pulling branches and other measures. As the growth period of Paris polyphylla increases, the light transmittance can be increased year by year, but the maximum light transmittance should not exceed 50%. The intertillage weeding preferably includes weeding immediately when the grass weeds have two leaves and one heart, and once every half a month or so in the later period; when shrubs grow, they are not removed without affecting the growth of Paris polyphylla, which can play a role in regulating air humidity, but when there are too many shrubs, their above-ground parts are cut off. While intertillage weeding, loosen the soil and remove the rotten wood under the forest to reduce the occurrence of Paris polyphylla root rot. The fertilization preferably includes 100g urea plus 100g potassium dihydrogen phosphate with 50kg water in July and August, spraying the leaves in the afternoon, applying once every 15 days, 2 to 3 times, and the application amount can be conventionally selected according to actual needs. The pest control includes disease control and pest control. The disease control method preferably includes timely drainage and loosening the soil in the rainy season, or root irrigation with microbial agents; the microbial agents preferably include Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus polymyxa, and the root irrigation frequency is preferably 1 to 2 times. The pest control method preferably includes installing insecticidal lamps at the planting site; the insecticidal lamps are preferably Jiaduo frequency vibration insecticidal lamps PS-15II, and the insecticidal lamps are preferably installed at intervals of 50 to 80 meters.

[0025] The present invention uses Yunnan pine as the selected tree species for the understory planting mode of Paris polyphylla, and realizes the understory planting of Paris polyphylla by adjusting the climatic conditions, land conditions, forest type selection and land preparation methods of the planting site, thereby making full use of natural forest resources. The dead branches and leaves fallen from the trees can reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, maintain soil moisture, and lower the ground temperature. At the same time, rain damage is avoided, the occurrence of diseases is reduced, and the cool microclimate conditions required for the growth of Paris polyphylla are created. Moreover, the nutrients released through decomposition can be absorbed by the shallow root system of Paris polyphylla, thereby promoting the growth of Paris polyphylla and improving the yield and quality of Paris polyphylla. Only foliar topdressing is required during the vigorous growth period of Paris polyphylla, and no fertilization is required during other periods, thereby reducing the number of fertilizations and the amount of fertilizer used, eliminating pesticide residues, and truly realizing that Paris polyphylla products are green, healthy and residue-free.

[0026] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] In the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, all of them are conventional methods.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A method for planting Paris polyphylla under forest, the method being as follows:

[0031] Site selection: Select a pure Yunnan pine forest with an altitude between 1850 and 1954m, a slope of 22°, a downhill slope, a southeast slope, a forest density of 0.6, a forest soil thickness of 70cm, a dead branch and leaf layer and a humus layer thickness of 5 to 10cm, a soil volume moisture content of 30%, and red soil. The soil density is 60 trees / mu.

[0032] Land preparation: clear the forest and thin the branches, cut down the thorns, vines, shrubs and weeds under the forest, dig out the roots of weeds and trees, and turn the soil 20-30cm deep. After wintering, ridge the land along the slope, with a ridge height of 15cm, a ridge width of 120cm, a ridge length of 8m, and a ridge spacing of 30cm.

[0033] Transplanting: After the Paris polyphylla seedlings fall over, their rhizomes are dug out for transplanting. They are planted in row sowing with a row spacing of 50 cm and a distance of 30 cm between Paris polyphylla in each row. When planting, the buds should face upwards. The planting density of Paris polyphylla is 8,000 plants per mu.

[0034] Cover with dead leaves: After covering the soil, cover with fallen leaves in the forest, the thickness should be enough to cover the soil. Water thoroughly after planting to ensure that the roots are established.

[0035] Cultivation and management: adjust the forest stand density so that the light transmittance does not exceed 50%; carry out inter-row cultivation and weeding; in July and August, use 100g urea plus 100g potassium dihydrogen phosphate to mix with 50kg water, spray on the leaves in the afternoon, apply once every 15 days, and apply twice; drain and loosen the soil in time before the rainy season in July and August, set an insecticidal lamp every 60m across the ridge to control diseases and pests.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A method for planting Paris polyphylla under forest, the method being as follows:

[0038] Site selection: Select a pure Yunnan pine forest with an altitude between 1950 and 1960m, a slope of 15°, a downhill slope, an eastward slope, a forest density of 0.8, a forest soil thickness of 50cm, a dead branch and leaf layer and a humus layer thickness of more than 10cm, a soil volume moisture content of 35%, and sandy loam soil. The stand density is 80 trees / mu.

[0039] Land preparation: clear the forest and thin the branches, cut down the thorns, vines, shrubs and weeds under the forest, dig out the roots of weeds and trees, and turn the soil 30-40cm deep. After wintering, ridge the land along the slope, with a ridge height of 10cm, a ridge width of 80cm, a ridge length of 6m, and a ridge spacing of 20m.

[0040] Transplanting: After the Paris polyphylla seedlings fall over, their rhizomes are dug out for transplanting. They are planted in row sowing with a row spacing of 35 cm and a distance of 10 cm between Paris polyphylla in each row. When planting, the buds should face upwards. The planting density of Paris polyphylla is 7,500 plants per mu.

[0041] Cover with dead leaves: After covering the soil, cover with fallen leaves in the forest, the thickness should be enough to cover the soil. Water thoroughly after planting to ensure that the roots are established.

[0042] Cultivation management: Same as Example 1.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A method for planting Paris polyphylla under forest, the method being as follows:

[0045] Site selection: Select a site with an altitude between 1954 and 2100m, a slope of 25°, a downhill slope, a southeast slope, a forest density of 0.7, a forest soil thickness of 60cm, a dead branch and leaf layer and a humus layer thickness of 5 to 10cm, a soil volume moisture content of 25%, and a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest composed of Yunnan pine, wax gourd and alnus, with loam soil, and a stand density of 70 trees per mu.

[0046] Land preparation: clear the forest and thin the branches, cut down the thorns, vines, shrubs and weeds under the forest, dig out the roots of weeds and trees, and turn the soil 20 to 30 cm deep. After wintering, ridge the land along the slope, with a ridge height of 35 cm, a ridge width of 140 cm, a ridge length of 10 m, and a ridge spacing of 40 cm.

[0047] Transplanting: After the Paris polyphylla seedlings fall over, their rhizomes are dug out for transplanting. They are planted in row sowing with a row spacing of 40 cm and a distance of 15 cm between Paris polyphylla in each row. When planting, the buds should face upwards. The planting density of Paris polyphylla is 7,800 plants per mu.

[0048] Cover with dead leaves: After covering the soil, cover with fallen leaves in the forest, the thickness should be enough to cover the soil. Water thoroughly after planting to ensure that the roots are established.

[0049] Cultivation management: Same as Example 1.

[0050] Test Example 1

[0051] The effect of forest land preparation on the survival rate of Dendrobium officinale was tested at the Baiyihe Demonstration Base in January 2013. There were three treatments: forest clearing and deep plowing followed by ridge making, forest clearing and deep plowing followed by no ridge making, and no forest clearing. Except for the different land preparation steps, the other steps were the same.

[0052] Site selection: The test site is 1850-1954m above sea level, with a slope of 22°, a downhill slope facing the southeast, a forest density of 0.6, a forest soil thickness of 70cm, a dead branch and leaf layer and a humus layer thickness of 5-10cm, a forest soil type of red soil, a soil volume moisture content of 30%, a pure Yunnan pine forest, and a forest density of 60 plants per mu.

[0053] Land preparation: remove weeds, vines and small shrubs under the forest, turn the soil 20-30cm deep, and remove the roots of weeds and trees. Ridge specifications are 15cm high, 120cm wide, 8m long, and 30cm apart.

[0054] Transplantation: Use 3-year-old rhizomes for transplanting in March. Plant in rows with a row spacing of 50 cm and a distance of 30 cm between each row. Plant with the buds facing upwards. The planting density of Polygonum multiflorum is 8,000 plants / mu.

[0055] Cover with dead leaves: After covering the soil, cover with fallen leaves in the forest, the thickness should be enough to cover the soil. Water thoroughly after planting to ensure that the roots are established.

[0056] Cultivation and management: adjust the forest stand density so that the light transmittance does not exceed 50%; carry out inter-row cultivation and weeding; in July and August, use 100g urea plus 100g potassium dihydrogen phosphate to mix with 50kg water, spray on the leaves in the afternoon, apply once every 15 days, and apply twice; drain and loosen the soil in time before the rainy season in July and August, set an insecticidal lamp every 60m across the ridge to control diseases and pests.

[0057] One year later, the survival rate and growth of the three-year-old rhizomes were investigated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Table 1 Effect of ridge formation on the survival rate and growth of Paris polyphylla (g)

[0059] deal with Number of samples Survival rate / % Current year rhizomes Previous years' rhizomes Total weight of rhizome Cleaning and ridge making after deep plowing 50 100.0a 2.88a 3.47a 6.35a No ridges after deep plowing 50 88.0b 1.49b 2.14b 3.63c Unprepared land 50 52.0c 0.94c 1.60c 2.54c

[0060] Note: Different letters after the numbers in each column indicate significant differences, the same as in the following table.

[0061] The results showed that land preparation under forest can significantly improve the survival rate and growth of Paris polyphylla, and the survival rate and growth of Paris polyphylla in the case of clearing and deep plowing and ridge making are significantly higher than those without clearing and deep plowing. This shows that by clearing and deep plowing, weeds and shrubs under the forest are removed to avoid the competition between these plants and Paris polyphylla for aboveground growth space and light, as well as underground growth space and soil nutrients, which creates more favorable conditions for the growth space and nutritional needs of Paris polyphylla; clearing and deep plowing loosens the soil. The rhizomes and root systems of Paris polyphylla are usually distributed in the soil layer of 20 to 30 cm. During land preparation, the soil is deep plowed 20 to 30 cm, while avoiding damage to the upper forest root system, promoting the growth of Paris polyphylla rhizomes while maintaining the ecological balance of the forest stand; clearing and deep plowing and ridge making prevent waterlogging in the forest during the rainy season, and avoid Paris polyphylla from dying due to waterlogging and rot. Therefore, clearing, deep plowing and ridge making are necessary for under-forest planting, but whether to make ridges along the slope or across the slope depends on ecological and climatic factors such as terrain, rainfall, and soil conditions.

[0062] Test Example 2

[0063] In the Baiyihe Forest Farm in Chuxiong City, a forest with a canopy density of 0.6 and different thicknesses of litter and humus layers was selected for the understory land preparation experiment. The experimental treatments were as follows: when the thickness of the litter and humus layers was 5-10 cm, the soil tillage depths of the forest were <20 cm, 20-30 cm and >30 cm respectively; when the thickness of the litter and humus layers was greater than 10 cm, the soil tillage depths of the forest were <30 cm, 30-40 cm and >40 cm respectively. The rest of the site selection, land preparation, transplanting, covering of litter and cultivation management steps were the same as in Experimental Example 1. One year later, the root and stem growth of Polygonum multiflorum and the growth of the tree diameter at breast height were investigated, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0064] Table 2 Effects of soil tillage under Pinus yunnanensis forest on the growth of Ophiopogon japonicus and trees

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] As can be seen from Table 2, when the thickness of the litter layer and humus layer is 5-10 cm, the tillage depth of 20-30 cm (group B) is the best, the rhizome growth of Paris polyphylla is the highest, and the increase in the diameter at breast height of the tree is the largest, which indicates that the appropriate tillage depth can improve the growth conditions of Paris polyphylla and increase the growth of the tree. Tillage depths that are too shallow (group A) and too deep (group C) fail to achieve the best growth effect, especially too deep tillage (group C) leads to a decrease in the growth of the tree diameter at breast height. When the thickness of the litter layer and humus layer is greater than 10 cm, the tillage depth of 30-40 cm (group E) is the best, the rhizome growth of Paris polyphylla is the highest, and the annual height increase of the tree is almost unaffected, indicating that this tillage depth can effectively promote the growth of Paris polyphylla and maintain the growth of the tree. Although tillage at other depths (groups D and F) can provide certain growth advantages, they fail to achieve the best effect, especially group F with too large tillage depth, which reduces the growth of the rhizome of Paris polyphylla. Therefore, deep tillage should be avoided for soils with a thin humus layer. Appropriate shallow tillage or moderate tillage will be more conducive to maintaining soil structure, improving air permeability, enhancing water retention capacity, and promoting plant growth. However, if the humus layer is thin, the depth should be avoided to exceed 30 cm to avoid negative impacts on the ecosystem and plant roots. When the thickness of the litter layer and humus layer is 5 to 10 cm, shallow tillage (20 to 30 cm) should be adopted to avoid excessive deep tillage. When the thickness of the litter layer and humus layer is greater than 10 cm, appropriate deep tillage can be performed, and a tillage depth of 30 to 40 cm is optimal.

[0068] Experimental Example 3 Experiment on the influence of eco-climatic factors on the biomass and distribution of Paris polyphylla

[0069] The eco-climatic factor experiment adopted a potted controlled experiment to determine the optimal shade, soil moisture and planting site altitude of Dendrobium officinale, thereby providing key technical data for under-forest planting, such as stand density, stand soil moisture management and selection of stand altitude.

[0070] 1. Shading test

[0071] In December 2013, young rhizomes of Paris polyphylla with intact rhizomes and normal terminal buds were selected as propagation materials for potted experiments. The test materials were all from Ailao Mountain (1300-2000m above sea level) in Jingdong County, Pu'er City, Yunnan Province. The plastic pots used in the experiment were 25cm high, 27cm in upper diameter, 20cm in lower diameter, with water holes at the bottom. The test soil was a mixture of loam and humus in a ratio of 3:1, and 500 times 15% carbendazim wettable powder was used for soil disinfection.

[0072] The shade treatment was carried out after the Paris polyphylla began to emerge in early May 2014. Since Paris polyphylla belongs to a negative plant, it was found in the early investigation of the test site that the Paris polyphylla in the young stage grew poorly under full light (the leaves would appear withered and yellow), so the full light treatment was not set in the test. The test set up 3 light treatments, that is, shading was performed using polyethylene shade nets with shade degrees of 40-50%, 60-70% and 80-90%, 20 pots were placed under each shading treatment, and the same water management was adopted during the period. The whole plant biomass was harvested before the Paris polyphylla fell in September 2014, and the fresh weight was weighed according to the root system, the rhizome of the current year, the rhizome of the previous year, the stem, and the leaf. After being sterilized at 65°C in an oven, it was dried to constant weight at 85°C, and its dry weight was weighed. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0073] Table 3 Biomass and distribution of Paris polyphylla under different shade conditions (g)

[0074] Shade Root system Current year rhizomes Previous years' rhizomes rhizome stem leaf Total weight 40％-50％ 0.267b 1.039b 2.046a 3.085b 0.470b 0.596ab 4.418a 60％-70％ 0.196a 1.409a 2.444a 3.853a 0.309a 0.502a 4.860a 80％-90％ 0.258b 1.027b 2.104a 3.131b 0.572c 0.644b 4.605a

[0075] Under different shade degrees, the total biomass of young Paris polyphylla was not significantly different, but the biomass of the rhizome and rhizome of Paris polyphylla in the current year and their distribution ratio under 60%-70% shade degrees were significantly higher than those under 40%-50% and 80%-90% shade degrees, and the underground biomass of Paris polyphylla under 60%-70% shade degrees was significantly higher than that under 80%-90% shade degrees. Paris polyphylla can produce more organic matter with fewer photosynthetic organs under 60%-70% shade degrees. Paris polyphylla is a shade-tolerant plant, but the higher the shade degree, the higher its yield. Under high shade degrees, the biomass of Paris polyphylla is more allocated to the aboveground parts (stems and leaves), and under appropriate shade degrees, the rhizome yield of Paris polyphylla is higher than that under high shade degrees. Therefore, in the process of under-forest planting, in order to prevent the crown width of the upper trees from being too large and the shade from being too high, it is necessary to supplement with forest tending and adjust the stand density so that the stand density is between 0.5 and 0.8, thereby increasing the rhizome yield of Dendrobium officinale.

[0076] 2. Soil moisture test

[0077] The potted test materials were the same as those in the shading test. Water was controlled before the emergence of Paris polyphylla in April 2014. By controlling the frequency and amount of watering, the soil moisture content (volume moisture content) was set to 4 different gradients of <5%, 10%-20%, 20%-30% and 30%-40%. There were 20 pots in each shading treatment, and the same shading management was adopted during the period. The biomass of Paris polyphylla under different moisture gradients was investigated in September 2014 using the same method as the above test, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0078] Table 4 Biomass and distribution of Paris polyphylla under different water gradients (g)

[0079] Water content Root system Current year rhizomes Previous years' rhizomes rhizome stem leaf Total weight <5％ 0.207a 1.030a 1.584a 2.814a 0.302a 0.533a 3.656a 10％-20％ 0.238a 1.043a 1.774ab 2.817a 0.314a 0.501a 3.870a 20％-30％ 0.282b 1.470b 1.995b 3.465b 0.385b 0.528a 4.660b 30％-40％ 0.297b 1.412b 2.095b 3.507b 0.402b 0.650b 4.856b

[0080] Under the treatment of higher soil moisture content (>20%), the total biomass of young Paris polyphylla was significantly higher than that of the treatment of lower soil moisture content (<20%), and the biomass of the rhizomes of the current year was also significantly higher than that of the treatment of lower soil moisture content. There was no significant difference in biomass and its distribution characteristics between the two treatments of 20%-30% and 30%-40% moisture content. However, excessive soil moisture content can cause Paris polyphylla to rot. Therefore, the experiment believes that a soil volume moisture content of 25%-35% is more suitable for Paris polyphylla to grow.

[0081] 3. Altitude test

[0082] In December 2013, pot experiments were conducted at different altitudes. The pot experiment materials were the same as those in the shading experiment, and the same water management and shading management were used during the experiment. In September 2014, the biomass of Paris polyphylla at different altitudes was investigated using the same method as the above experiment. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0083] Table 5 Biomass and distribution of Paris polyphylla of the same age at different altitudes (g)

[0084]

[0085] Judging from the biomass alone, the optimal growth zone for Dendrobium officinale is around 1950 meters above sea level, and the altitude between 1200-2500 meters is also more suitable for its growth. Altitudes below 1000 meters are not conducive to its growth, and its rhizome biomass is significantly lower than that of Dendrobium officinale within the altitude range of 1200-2500 meters.

[0086] Test Example 4: Effect of insecticidal lamp on the pest rate of Paris polyphylla

[0087] From May to August 2013, the experiment was conducted in Baiyihe Forest Farm, Chuxiong City. There were control areas with and without insecticidal lamps. The insecticidal lamps were PS-15II Jiaduo brand frequency vibration insecticidal lamps (light-controlled type). The rest of the site selection, land preparation, transplanting, covering dead leaves and cultivation management processes were the same as those in Experimental Example 1. Five small plots were randomly selected in each of the two treatments, each plot was 1m×2m, and the types of insects attracted by the insecticidal lamps, the amount of insects attracted and the insect infestation rate of Paris polyphylla were investigated during the experiment. The results are shown in Table 6-7.

[0088] Table 6 Classification survey of adult insects killed by frequency vibration insecticidal lamps in the Paris polyphylla plantation

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] The frequency-vibration insecticidal lamp directly lured and killed adult insects in large numbers and of various types, especially the adult Lepidoptera pests (cutworms, corn borers, and tussock moths, etc.) in the Paris polyphylla plantation, followed by Coleoptera (beetles) and Orthoptera (locusts). The number of lured and killed was relatively large in June, July and August, especially in July, which accounted for 40.8% of the total number of lured and killed during the trial period.

[0092] Table 7 Survey on the effect of frequency vibration insecticidal lamp in controlling pests

[0093]

[0094] It can be seen from Table 7 that the frequency vibration insecticidal lamp has a significant effect in controlling the pests of Paris polyphylla. In the area controlled by insecticidal lamps, the average pest rate of Paris polyphylla was 3.0%, which is significantly lower than the pest rate of Paris polyphylla in the area without insecticidal lamps (11.7%).

[0095] The frequency vibration insecticidal lamp has an outstanding effect on the killing of major pests of Paris polyphylla (grubs, cutworms and locusts). It is a good physical control measure in Paris polyphylla plantations, which can reduce the use of pesticides in the Paris polyphylla process. It has the advantages of practicality, environmental protection and high efficiency. It can be promoted as a method of pest control in the Paris polyphylla planting process.

[0096] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting Paris polyphylla under forests, comprising the steps of site selection, land preparation, transplanting, covering with dead leaves, and cultivation management, characterized in that: The site selection includes: selecting a Yunnan pine forest with an altitude of 1200-2550m, a slope of 15-25 degrees, a downhill slope, an east slope and / or a southeast slope, a forest density of 0.5-0.8, a forest soil thickness of more than 40cm, a dead branch and leaf layer and a humus layer thickness of 5cm or more, and a soil volume moisture content of 25%-35%; The land preparation includes: clearing the forest land, deep plowing the soil, carrying out ridge preparation along the slope in water-prone areas, and carrying out ridge preparation across the slope in arid areas, with ridge height of 10 to 35 cm, ridge width of 80 to 140 cm, ridge length of 6 to 10 m, and ridge spacing of 20 to 40 cm.

2. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that The forest soil includes loam or sandy loam.

3. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that The Yunnan pine forest includes a pure Yunnan pine forest or a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest consisting of Yunnan pine and broad-leaved plants.

4. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that The stand density of the Yunnan pine forest is 60 to 80 trees per mu.

5. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the thickness of the litter layer and the humus layer is 5 to 10 cm, the soil is plowed deep by 20 to 30 cm; when the thickness of the litter layer and the humus layer is greater than 10 cm, the soil is plowed deep by 30 to 40 cm.

6. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transplanting includes transplanting rhizomes or transplanting seedlings.

7. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transplanting is performed by row sowing, with a row spacing of 35 to 50 cm and a plant spacing of 10 to 30 cm in each row.

8. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting density of the Paris polyphylla is 7,500 to 8,000 plants per mu.

9. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cultivation management includes flood and drought prevention, adjustment of stand density, tillage and weeding, fertilization, pest and disease control and care.

10. The planting method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pest control includes setting up insecticidal lamps at the planting site.

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