Soft rock tunneling drill bit and system

Abstract

The invention relates to a soft rock tunneling drill bit and system, in particular to the technical field of tunnel engineering, by arranging a drill bit body and an air compression mechanism, during use, the arranged air compression mechanism is used for compressing and storing external air into a containing cavity, and when the drill bit body conducts tunneling operation on a soft rock tunnel face, the air compression mechanism is used for compressing and storing the external air into the containing cavity; the compressed air stored in the containing cavity is released to the soft rock tunnel face through the release channel in the drill bit body to form impact force so that soft rock corresponding to the drill bit body can be broken, and the soft rock in the area corresponding to the drill bit body can be broken on the soft rock tunnel face; according to the invention, the excavation and tunneling operation of a tunnel in a soft rock area can be realized without carrying out controlled blasting on a soft rock tunnel face, hidden dangers such as under-excavation or over-excavation in a controlled blasting operation process can be avoided, and compressed air is used for breaking the soft rock tunnel face; and excavation construction of the soft rock tunnel can be achieved without drilling independently, and the construction efficiency and the forming quality of the tunnel are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a soft rock tunnel boring drill bit and a system. Background Art

[0002] Soft rock tunnel refers to a tunnel structure formed in a soft rock geological body. When tunnel excavation and tunneling construction are carried out in a soft rock geological body, over-excavation may occur. Over-excavation will increase the amount of slag discharge, increase the thickness of the initial shotcrete, delay the construction period and increase the construction cost. If the over-excavation is not properly controlled, cavities and unstable surrounding rock will easily form behind the initial support. In order to reduce the amount of over-excavation, the external insertion angle of the drill hole is generally reduced while the opening position is converged to reduce over-excavation. There will be under-excavation near the supported steel frame section, and the under-excavation treatment takes a long time, affecting the progress and quality of the project.

[0003] In the prior art, when excavating soft rock tunnels, controlled blasting and milling are usually used for excavation. However, due to the weak characteristics of soft rock, over-excavation or under-excavation occurs during the actual construction process, which affects the construction efficiency and forming quality of the tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a soft rock tunnel boring drill bit and system, aiming to solve the technical problem that in the related technology, when excavating soft rock tunnels, controlled blasting and milling are usually used for excavation construction. However, due to the weak characteristics of soft rock lithology, over-excavation or under-excavation occurs in the actual construction process, affecting the construction efficiency and forming quality of the tunnel.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application proposes a soft rock tunnel boring drill bit, comprising:

[0006] A drill body, wherein a receiving cavity is formed in the drill body, and a release channel is formed on the drill body for connecting the receiving cavity with the outside; and

[0007] An air compression mechanism is connected to the accommodating chamber, and the air compression mechanism can compress external air and store it in the accommodating chamber. When the drill bit body excavates the soft rock face, the compressed air stored in the accommodating chamber is released to the soft rock face through the release channel to form an impact force to break the soft rock corresponding to the drill bit body.

[0008] In one embodiment, the air compression mechanism comprises:

[0009] an air absorbing component, the air absorbing component being in communication with the external environment and being used for absorbing and purifying external air; and

[0010] An air compression component connects the air receiving component with the accommodating chamber, and compresses the external air absorbed and purified by the air absorbing component to store it in the accommodating chamber.

[0011] In one embodiment, the air absorption component includes an air absorption assembly and an air purification assembly, and the air purification assembly is respectively connected to the air absorption assembly and the air compression assembly, and the outside air can be sucked into the air purification assembly through the air absorption assembly for purification.

[0012] In one embodiment, the air absorption component comprises:

[0013] An installation tube, wherein two ends of the installation tube are respectively an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the air outlet end is sealed and connected to the air purification component;

[0014] a first filter element, the first filter element being installed at the air inlet end to filter particulate matter in the external air; and

[0015] A suction fan is installed in the installation tube, and the suction fan can filter the external wind through the first filter element and suck it from the air inlet end to blow it out of the installation tube from the air outlet end.

[0016] In one embodiment, a vent hole is also formed on the mounting tube, and a control valve is provided on the vent hole. The air suction member can rotate along a first direction and blow out particulate matter adsorbed on the first filter element when the control valve is opened; and the air suction member can rotate along a second direction and suck outside air into the air purification component when the control valve closes the vent hole.

[0017] In one embodiment, the air purification component comprises:

[0018] A connecting cylinder, two ends of which are connected to the air absorbing component and the air compressing component respectively;

[0019] A connecting frame, the connecting frame is installed in the connecting cylinder;

[0020] The dust removal blades are rotatably connected to the connecting frame, and a dust fixing brush is arranged on the dust removal blades. The dust fixing brush can fix dust on the outside air flowing through the connecting tube to purify the outside air.

[0021] In one embodiment, an atomizing nozzle is provided on the dust removal fan blade, and the atomizing nozzle can spray atomized water mist toward the dust fixing brush, so that the dust fixing brush can perform dust fixing operation on the external air flowing through the connecting tube.

[0022] In one embodiment, the air compression component comprises:

[0023] A compression member, the compression member is in sealed communication with the connecting tube, two ends of the compression member respectively form an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air inlet end is in sealed communication with the connecting tube, and the compression member compresses the external air flowing in through the air inlet end; and,

[0024] A storage tank is communicated with the air outlet and can store air compressed by the compressor. A discharge port that can communicate with the release channel is formed on the storage tank.

[0025] In one embodiment, a shut-off valve is also installed in the release channel, and the shut-off valve is communicatively connected to the external control terminal. When receiving an opening instruction sent by the external control terminal, the shut-off valve can open the release channel so that the compressed air stored in the storage tank is ejected from the release channel through the accommodating chamber and impacts the soft rock face, thereby breaking the soft rock.

[0026] Based on the same technical concept, in a second aspect, the present invention further proposes a tunnel boring system, which uses the soft rock tunnel boring drill bit described in the first aspect.

[0027] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects:

[0028] The technical solution of the present application is provided with a drill bit body and an air compression mechanism. When in use, the provided air compression mechanism is used to compress the external air and store it in the accommodating chamber. When the drill bit body is excavating the soft rock face, the compressed air stored in the accommodating chamber is released to the soft rock face through the release channel on the drill bit body to form an impact force to break the soft rock corresponding to the drill bit body, thereby enabling the present invention to break the soft rock in the area corresponding to the drill bit body at the soft rock face when in use. Furthermore, the present invention can realize tunnel excavation and excavation in the soft rock area without the need for controlled blasting of the soft rock face during specific implementation, thereby avoiding the hidden dangers of under-excavation or over-excavation in the process of controlled blasting. At the same time, during specific implementation, since compressed air is used to break the soft rock face, there is no need to drill a hole separately to realize excavation and construction of the soft rock tunnel, thereby ensuring the construction efficiency and the forming quality of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a soft rock tunnel boring drill bit used as an example in this application;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the side structure of a soft rock tunnel boring drill bit used as an example in this application;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an air compression mechanism according to an example of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the air purification component of the example;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the side structure of the air purification component of the example;

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air absorption component of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 100, drill body; 110, accommodating chamber; 120, release channel; 200, air compression mechanism; 210, air absorption component; 220, air compression component; 211, air absorption assembly; 212, air purification assembly; 211a, installation cylinder; 211b, air inlet end; 211c, air outlet end; 211d, first filter element; 211e, suction fan; 211f, vent hole; 211g, control Valve; 212a, connecting tube; 212b, connecting frame; 212c, dust removal fan blade; 212d, dust fixing brush; 212e, atomizing nozzle; 212f, water inlet channel; 221, compression element; 222, air inlet end; 223, air outlet end; 224, storage tank; 225, discharge port; 226, shut-off valve; 227, first connecting piece; 300, drill pipe; 228, second connecting piece; 229, third connecting piece.

[0039] The purpose, features and advantages of this application will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0041] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 6 The present application proposes a first embodiment of a soft rock tunnel boring drill bit, including a drill bit body 100 and an air compression mechanism 200. A housing chamber 110 is formed in the drill bit body 100, and a release channel 120 that can connect the housing chamber 110 with the outside is formed on the drill bit body 100. The air compression mechanism 200 is connected to the housing chamber 110, and the air compression mechanism 200 can compress the outside air and store it in the housing chamber 110. When the drill bit body 100 performs excavation operations on a soft rock face, the compressed air stored in the housing chamber 110 is released to the soft rock face through the release channel 120 and forms an impact force to break the soft rock corresponding to the drill bit body 100.

[0043] In an exemplary embodiment, the drill bit body 100 of the example is a device or apparatus capable of drilling soft rock, the drill bit body 100 of the example includes a connector, the two ends of the connector respectively form a connecting end and a release end, the release channel 120 is arranged through the connector in the direction from the extension end to the release end, and the release channel 120 forms a receiving chamber 110 connected to the release channel 120 toward the position of the connecting end, and the connecting end of the example is sealed and connected to the air compression mechanism 200, so that the receiving chamber 110 can be in a sealed state between the connecting body and the air compression mechanism 200. More specifically, the drill bit body 100 of the example also includes a plurality of crushing teeth, and the plurality of crushing teeth are distributed on the periphery of the connector along a circumferential array. In addition, the connecting end of the example is also formed with a portion extending out of the air compression mechanism 200 and connected to an external device to achieve the function of adjusting the length and direction of the drill bit body 100.

[0044] In this embodiment, by providing a drill bit body 100 and an air compression mechanism 200, when in use, the provided air compression mechanism 200 is used to compress the external air and store it in the accommodating chamber 110, and when the drill bit body 100 performs excavation operations on the soft rock face, the compressed air stored in the accommodating chamber 110 is released to the soft rock face through the release channel 120 on the drill bit body 100 to form an impact force to break the soft rock corresponding to the drill bit body 100, thereby enabling the present invention to break the soft rock in the area corresponding to the drill bit body 100 on the soft rock face when in use, thereby enabling the present invention to realize tunnel excavation and excavation operations in the soft rock area without the need for controlled blasting of the soft rock face during specific implementation, thereby avoiding the hidden dangers of under-excavation or over-excavation in the process of controlled blasting operations, and at the same time, during specific implementation, since compressed air is used to break the soft rock face, there is no need to drill a hole separately to realize the excavation construction of the soft rock tunnel, thereby ensuring the construction efficiency and the forming quality of the tunnel.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, the air compression mechanism 200 includes:

[0046] An air absorbing component 210, the air absorbing component 210 is communicated with the external environment, and the air absorbing component 210 is used to absorb and purify the external air; and,

[0047] The air compression component 220 connects the air receiving component with the accommodating chamber 110 , and compresses the external air absorbed and purified by the air absorbing component 210 to be stored in the accommodating chamber 110 .

[0048] In this embodiment, by setting up an air absorption component 210 and an air compression component 220, when in use, the set air absorption component 210 is used to absorb and purify the external air, so that the present invention can ensure that the gas entering the air compression component 220 does not carry fine particles or dust, thereby effectively ensuring the safe use of the air compression component 220.

[0049] In some specific embodiments, the air absorption component 210 includes an air absorption assembly 211 and an air purification assembly 212. The air purification assembly 212 is respectively connected to the air absorption assembly 211 and the air compression assembly 220. The external air can be sucked into the air purification assembly 212 through the air absorption component 210 for purification.

[0050] In this embodiment, by setting up an air absorption component 211 and a purification component, when in use, the set air absorption component 211 is used to absorb air into the purification component for purification, so that the present invention can complete the purification of air in the process of entering the compression component, thereby ensuring the purification efficiency.

[0051] In some preferred embodiments, the air absorption assembly 211 includes:

[0052] The installation tube 211a has two ends, namely, an air inlet end 211b and an air outlet end 211c, and the air outlet end 211c is sealed and connected to the air purification component 212;

[0053] A first filter element 211d, which is installed at the air inlet end 211b to filter particles in the external air; and

[0054] The suction fan 211e is installed in the installation tube 211a, and the suction fan 211e can filter the external wind through the first filter element 211d and suck it from the air inlet end 211b to blow it out of the installation tube 211a from the air outlet end 211c.

[0055] In this embodiment, by providing an installation cylinder 211a, a first filter element 211d and a hair dryer, the present invention can utilize the first filter element 211d to filter the external air delivered by the hair dryer when in use, thereby preventing larger particles from entering the air purification component 212 and causing blockage of the air purification component 212.

[0056] It should be particularly and clearly stated that the first filter element 211d illustrated in the present embodiment is preferably a filter, and the mesh size of the filter is 1 mesh.

[0057] In one embodiment, a vent hole 211f is further formed on the mounting cylinder 211a, and a control valve 211g is provided on the vent hole 211f. The air suction member can rotate along a first direction and blow out particulate matter adsorbed on the first filter element 211d when the control valve 211g is opened; and the air suction member can rotate along a second direction and suck outside air into the air purification component 212 when the control valve closes the vent hole 211f.

[0058] In this embodiment, by setting the vent hole 211f when the installation hole is installed, and setting the control valve 211g on the vent hole 211f, the air suction member can rotate in the first direction when the control valve 211g is opened and blow out the particles adsorbed on the first filter element 211d; and the air suction member can rotate in the second direction when the control valve closes the vent hole 211f to suck the outside air into the air purification component 212, so that the present invention has the function of removing the filtered and accumulated particles and dust on the first filter element 211d when it is implemented.

[0059] Of course, in the exemplary embodiment, the installation tube 211a can be rotatably matched with the external drill rod 300 through at least one third connecting member 229, thereby preventing the installation tube 211a from falling off and improving the stability of the overall structure.

[0060] In one embodiment, the air purification component 212 includes:

[0061] A connecting tube 212a, two ends of which are connected to the air absorbing component 211 and the air compressing component 220 respectively;

[0062] A connecting frame 212b, the connecting frame 212b is installed in the connecting tube 212a;

[0063] The dust removal blade 212c is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 212b. A dust fixing brush 212d is provided on the dust removal blade 212c. The dust fixing brush 212d can fix dust on the external air flowing through the connecting tube 212a to purify the external air.

[0064] In this embodiment, by setting a connecting tube 212a, a connecting frame 212b and a dust removal blade 212c, when in use, the dust removal blade 212c and the dust brush 212d installed on the dust removal blade 212c are used to perform secondary dust removal and purification operations on the air entering the connecting tube 212a, thereby effectively ensuring the cleanliness of the air entering the air compression component 220.

[0065] Of course, in the exemplary embodiment, the connecting tube 212a can be rotatably matched with the external drill rod 300 through at least one second connecting member 228, thereby preventing the connecting tube 212a from falling off and improving the stability of the overall structure.

[0066] In one embodiment, the dust removal fan blade 212c is provided with an atomizing nozzle 212e, which can spray atomized water mist toward the dust fixing brush 212d, so that the dust fixing brush 212d can perform dust fixing operation on the external air flowing through the connecting tube 212a.

[0067] In this embodiment, an atomizing nozzle 212e is provided so that the atomizing nozzle 212e can spray atomized water mist toward the dust-fixing brush 212d, so that the dust-fixing brush 212d can perform dust-fixing operations on the external air flowing through the connecting tube 212a, so that the dust removal effect of the present invention can be improved during its specific implementation, avoiding the hidden danger of poor dust removal efficiency due to excessive dust accumulation on the dust-fixing brush 212d.

[0068] Of course, in the exemplary embodiment, the atomizing nozzle 212e should be connected to the water inlet channel 212f built into the connecting frame 212b through a pipeline to achieve the water supply function.

[0069] In one embodiment, the air compression component 220 includes:

[0070] A compression member 221, the compression member 221 is in sealed communication with the connecting tube 212a, two ends of the compression member 221 respectively form an air inlet end 222 and an air outlet end 223, the air inlet end 222 is in sealed communication with the connecting tube 212a, and the compression member 221 compresses the external air flowing in through the air inlet end 222; and,

[0071] The storage tank 224 is communicated with the air outlet 223 , and the storage tank 224 can store the air compressed by the compressor 221 . A discharge port 225 that can communicate with the release channel 120 is formed on the storage tank 224 .

[0072] In this embodiment, by providing a compression component 221 and a storage tank 224, when in use, the compression component 221 is used to compress the air purified by the air purification component 212 and store it in the storage tank 224, thereby ensuring that the release efficiency of the release channel 120 can be ensured when the present invention is performing soft rock crushing operations, thereby avoiding the hidden danger of low crushing efficiency caused by the compression efficiency of the air purification component 212 or the compression component 221.

[0073] Of course, in the exemplary embodiment, the compression member 221 can be rotatably matched with the external drill rod 300 through at least one first connecting member 227, thereby preventing the compression member 221 from falling off and improving the stability of the overall structure.

[0074] In one embodiment, a shut-off valve 226 is also installed in the release channel 120. The shut-off valve 226 is communicatively connected to the external control terminal. When receiving an opening command sent by the external control terminal, the shut-off valve 226 can open the release channel 120 so that the compressed air stored in the storage tank 224 is ejected from the release channel 120 through the accommodating chamber 110 and impacts the soft rock face to break the soft rock.

[0075] In this embodiment, an on-off valve 226 is provided and the release channel 120 is opened and closed by using the on-off valve 226, so that the present invention can determine the timing of opening and closing the release channel 120 according to actual needs, thereby improving autonomy.

[0076] Based on the same technical concept, in a second aspect, the present invention further proposes a tunnel boring system, using the soft rock tunnel boring drill bit of the first aspect.

[0077] The tunnel boring system provided by the present application adopts the soft rock tunnel boring drill bit in the above embodiment, which can solve the technical problem that when excavating soft rock tunnels, controlled blasting and milling are usually used for excavation construction. However, due to the weak characteristics of soft rock lithology, over-excavation or under-excavation occurs in the actual construction process, affecting the construction efficiency and forming quality of the tunnel. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the tunnel boring system provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the soft rock tunnel boring drill bit provided in the above embodiment, and other technical features of the tunnel boring system are the same as those disclosed in the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0078] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A soft rock tunnel boring drill bit, characterized in that: include: A drill body, wherein a receiving cavity is formed in the drill body, and a release channel is formed on the drill body for connecting the receiving cavity with the outside; as well as, An air compression mechanism is connected to the accommodating chamber, and the air compression mechanism can compress external air and store it in the accommodating chamber. When the drill bit body excavates the soft rock face, the compressed air stored in the accommodating chamber is released to the soft rock face through the release channel to form an impact force to break the soft rock corresponding to the drill bit body.

2. The soft rock tunnel boring drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air compression mechanism comprises: an air absorbing component, the air absorbing component being in communication with the external environment and being used for absorbing and purifying external air; and An air compression component connects the air receiving component with the accommodating chamber, and compresses the external air absorbed and purified by the air absorbing component to store it in the accommodating chamber.

3. The soft rock tunnel boring drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air absorption component includes an air absorption assembly and an air purification assembly. The air purification assembly is respectively connected to the air absorption assembly and the air compression assembly. External air can be sucked into the air purification assembly through the air absorption assembly for purification.

4. The soft rock tunnel boring drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air absorption assembly comprises: An installation tube, wherein two ends of the installation tube are respectively an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the air outlet end is sealed and connected to the air purification component; a first filter element, the first filter element being installed at the air inlet end to filter particulate matter in the external air; and A suction fan is installed in the installation tube, and the suction fan can filter the external wind through the first filter element and suck it from the air inlet end to blow it out of the installation tube from the air outlet end.

5. The soft rock tunnel boring drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that: A vent is also formed on the mounting tube, and a control valve is provided on the vent. The air suction member can rotate in a first direction and blow out particulate matter adsorbed on the first filter element when the control valve is opened; and the air suction member can rotate in a second direction and suck outside air into the air purification component when the control valve closes the vent.

6. The soft rock tunnel boring drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air purification component comprises: A connecting tube, two ends of which are connected to the air absorbing component and the air compressing component respectively; A connecting frame, the connecting frame is installed in the connecting tube; The dust removal blades are rotatably connected to the connecting frame, and a dust fixing brush is arranged on the dust removal blades. The dust fixing brush can fix dust on the outside air flowing through the connecting tube to purify the outside air.

7. The soft rock tunnel boring drill bit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dust removal fan blade is provided with an atomizing nozzle, and the atomizing nozzle can spray atomized water mist toward the dust fixing brush, so that the dust fixing brush can perform dust fixing operation on the external air flowing through the connecting tube.

8. The soft rock tunnel boring drill bit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air compression component comprises: A compression member, the compression member is in sealed communication with the connecting tube, two ends of the compression member respectively form an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air inlet end is in sealed communication with the connecting tube, and the compression member compresses the external air flowing in through the air inlet end; and, A storage tank is communicated with the air outlet and can store air compressed by the compressor. A discharge port that can communicate with the release channel is formed on the storage tank.

9. The soft rock tunnel boring drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A shut-off valve is also installed in the release channel, and the shut-off valve is communicatively connected to the external control terminal. When receiving an opening instruction sent by the external control terminal, the shut-off valve can open the release channel until the compressed air stored in the storage tank is ejected from the release channel through the accommodating cavity and impacts the soft rock face, so that the soft rock is broken.

10. A tunnel boring system, characterized in that: Use of a soft rock tunnel boring drill bit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images