Laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts
By designing a laser welding joint detection system for automotive sheet metal parts, the problem of missed welding cannot be judged by machine welding, automatic detection and secondary welding are realized, and welding quality and efficiency are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411770103.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-04
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
When using machine welding, it is impossible to determine whether there is any missing welding, resulting in the subsequent processing of the sheet metal parts, and even the entire piece is scrapped, causing great losses.
A laser welding joint detection system for automotive sheet metal parts is designed. The welding sheet metal parts are transported under the laser detection device for welding joint detection. If the test fails, it will be automatically transported back to the welding device for secondary welding.
It effectively avoids the problem of missing welding in machine welding, improves the welding quality and pass rate of sheet metal parts, reduces manual participation, and the entire process is fast and convenient.
Smart Images
Figure CN119555597A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of welding detection, and in particular relates to a laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts. Background Art
[0002] China's automobile manufacturing industry is developing rapidly and has gradually become one of the pillar industries in my country. In the automobile manufacturing process, the welding of sheet metal parts is an important process. In today's era, the use of welding robots is very extensive in the automobile industry. As the name suggests, welding robots are used to weld automobile sheet metal parts. Compared with manual welding, welding robots have the advantages of high welding accuracy and fast welding speed, which greatly improves the production efficiency of automobiles.
[0003] However, robots still have some disadvantages compared to manual labor. Since sheet metal parts are welded by machines, robot welding cannot determine whether there is a weld leak in the welding of sheet metal parts. If a weld leak occurs, the subsequent processing of the sheet metal parts will be invalid, and the entire sheet metal parts will be scrapped, resulting in a large loss. Therefore, a method is needed to detect whether the weld points are missed to ensure the integrity of the welding of each sequence of workpieces and reduce the impact on the quality of the final finished parts. Summary of the invention
[0004] The invention provides a laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts, aiming to solve the problem that it is currently impossible to determine whether there is a leak in the section of the automobile sheet metal parts when they are welded by machines.
[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: a laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts comprises a base plate; a bracket is installed on the upper surface of the base plate, a connecting shaft is installed on the top of the bracket through a bearing, a motor is installed on the surface of the base plate, an output group of the motor is connected to the bottom of the connecting shaft, three groups of fixing frames are installed on the side of the connecting shaft in a circumferential array, a conveying frame is installed on the outer ends of the three groups of fixing frames, a controller is installed on the side of the motor, and the rotation angle of the motor is controlled by the controller, a first support plate is installed on the surface of the base plate, a fixing plate is installed on the top of the first support plate, a laser detection device is installed below the fixing plate, a second support plate is installed on the surface of the base plate, a welding device is installed on the top of the second support plate, a feeding conveyor belt and a unloading conveyor belt are respectively installed above the base plate, and the conveying frame is set to a disc shape, the welding device, the laser detection device, the unloading conveyor belt and the feeding conveyor belt are distributed in sequence on the four sides of the conveying frame in a circumferential array, and the sides of the feeding conveyor belt and the unloading conveyor belt are both installed with a central control device, and a mechanical arm is installed on the side of the central control device.
[0006] Preferably, an open slide groove is provided under the fixed plate, and a connecting plate is slidably installed in the slide groove. The connecting plate is set to be rectangular and fits with the inner wall of the slide groove of the fixed plate. A screw is rotatably installed on the top of the fixed plate, and a thread groove adapted to the thread on the surface of the screw is opened at the upper end of the connecting plate.
[0007] Preferably, a connecting disk is installed at the upper end of the laser detection device, and the connecting disk is rotatably installed on the bottom of the connecting plate. A worm gear is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the connecting disk, and a worm is rotatably installed on the side of the connecting plate, and the worm and the worm gear are meshed with each other.
[0008] Preferably, a connecting frame is installed at the bottom of the laser detection device, and three groups of laser probes are installed on the lower side of the connecting frame. The three groups of laser probes are respectively located directly below and on the left and right sides of the laser detection device, and the two groups of laser probes on the left are installed tilted inwards.
[0009] Preferably, a clamping claw is installed at the movable end of the mechanical arm via a limiting frame.
[0010] Preferably, a groove is provided at the bottom of the limit frame, the clamping claw is installed under the limit frame, a groove is provided on the side of the limit frame, and a pull rod is slidably inserted in the groove, the inner end of the pull rod is connected to a block, and the outside of the pull rod is sleeved with a spring.
[0011] Preferably, a positioning mechanism is provided below the welding device, and the positioning mechanism is telescopically movable through the output of an electric cylinder.
[0012] Preferably, the single rotation angle of the conveyor frame is ° or °, and the central control device controls the operation of the robotic arm and the conveying work of the loading conveyor belt and the unloading conveyor belt.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:
[0014] 1. The device transports the welded sheet metal parts to the bottom of the laser detection device for weld spot detection by setting a conveyor rack. This setting can avoid the problem of unqualified sheet metal parts caused by omissions in machine welding. At the same time, the conveyor rack can automatically transport unqualified sheet metal parts to the welding device for secondary welding. The whole process is fast and convenient, and no human participation is required, thereby effectively improving the welding effect of sheet metal parts. At the same time, the detection device can be raised and lowered by the combination of the screw and the connecting plate, and can be rotated by the combination of the worm gear and the worm, thereby improving the applicability of the detection device.
[0015] 2. By setting up a connecting frame, the three groups of laser probes below the connecting frame can detect welding points in different positions respectively, and the practicality of the detection device is improved by increasing the detection range. The clamping jaws are connected to the mechanical arm through the limit frame. This setting can make the disassembly and assembly of the clamping jaws more convenient, and it is convenient to replace the corresponding clamping jaws with different sheet metal parts in the future. By setting a positioning mechanism under the welding device, the sheet metal parts can be corrected, thereby improving the qualified rate of welding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the fixing plate of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the limiting frame of the present invention;
[0021] In the figure: 1. bottom plate; 2. bracket; 3. connecting shaft; 4. motor; 5. fixed frame; 6. conveyor frame; 7. controller; 8. first support plate; 9. fixed plate; 10. laser detection device; 11. second support plate; 12. welding device; 13. feeding conveyor belt; 14. unloading conveyor belt; 15. central control device; 16. connecting plate; 17. screw; 18. connecting frame; 19. laser probe; 20. connecting disk; 21. worm gear; 22. worm; 23. mechanical arm; 24. limit frame; 25. clamping claw; 26. pull rod; 27. block; 28. spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application; the terms used in the specification of the application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.
[0023] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
[0024] The embodiment of the present invention provides a laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, it includes a bottom plate 1, a bracket 2 is installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, a connecting shaft 3 is installed on the top of the bracket 2 through a bearing, a motor 4 is installed on the surface of the bottom plate 1, the output group of the motor 4 is connected to the bottom of the connecting shaft 3, three groups of fixing frames 5 are installed on the side of the connecting shaft 3 in a circumferential array, and a conveying frame 6 is installed on the outer end of the three groups of fixing frames 5. A controller 7 is installed on the side of the motor 4, and the rotation angle of the motor 4 is controlled by the controller 7. A first support plate 8 is installed on the surface of the bottom plate 1, a fixing plate 9 is installed on the top of the first support plate 8, and a laser detection device is installed below the fixing plate 9 10, a second support plate 11 is installed on the surface of the bottom plate 1, a welding device 12 is installed on the top of the second support plate 11, a loading conveyor belt 13 and a unloading conveyor belt 14 are installed above the bottom plate 1, and the conveyor frame 6 is set to be disc-shaped. The welding device 12, the laser detection device 10, the unloading conveyor belt 14 and the loading conveyor belt 13 are sequentially distributed in a circular array on the four sides of the conveyor frame 6. The sides of the loading conveyor belt 13 and the unloading conveyor belt 14 are both installed with a central control device 15, and the side of the central control device 15 is installed with a mechanical arm 23. When the device is used, the loading conveyor belt 13 will be waiting for The welded sheet metal is delivered, and the central control device 15 controls the robot arm 23 to grab the sheet metal and place it on the conveyor frame 6. At this time, the motor 4 starts to drive the conveyor frame 6 to rotate clockwise to convey the sheet metal to be welded to the bottom of the welding device 12. The welding device 12 completes the welding of the sheet metal. After the welding is completed, the conveyor frame 6 rotates again. At this time, the welded sheet metal is conveyed to the bottom of the laser detection device 10. At this time, the laser detection device 10 detects the welding points on the surface of the sheet metal. There are two situations at this time. First, if the welding of the sheet metal is qualified, the conveyor frame 6 rotates to transfer the qualified sheet metal The sheet metal parts are transported to the unloading conveyor belt 14. At this time, the central control device 15 controls the robot arm 23 to grab the sheet metal parts and place them on the surface of the unloading conveyor belt 14 for the next processing step. At the same time, the subsequent sheet metal parts are grabbed from the loading conveyor belt 13 to the conveyor rack 6. The inspection is carried out in this cycle. When the sheet metal welding point inspection fails, the conveyor rack 6 rotates to transfer the unqualified sheet metal parts back to the bottom of the welding device 12 for secondary welding. Unloading is not carried out until the welding is qualified. When this situation occurs, the loading conveyor belt 13 is in a stopped loading state until the former is welded and normal loading and unloading are carried out.
[0025] An open slide groove is provided at the bottom of the fixed plate 9, and a connecting plate 16 is slidably installed in the slide groove. The connecting plate 16 is set to be rectangular and fits with the inner wall of the slide groove of the fixed plate 9. A screw 17 is rotatably installed on the top of the fixed plate 9. A threaded groove adapted to the surface thread of the screw 17 is provided at the upper end of the connecting plate 16. By providing the connecting plate 16 and the screw 17, taking into account the difference in heights of different types of sheet metal parts, when inspecting sheet metal parts of different heights, the screw 17 can be rotated, and the connecting plate 16 slides up and down under the action of the surface thread of the screw 17. Through this setting, the height of the laser detection device 10 can be adjusted, so that it is suitable for the detection of sheet metal parts of different heights.
[0026] A connecting disk 20 is installed at the upper end of the laser detection device 10, and the connecting disk 20 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the connecting plate 16. A worm gear 21 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the connecting disk 20, and a worm 22 is rotatably installed on the side of the connecting plate 16. The worm 22 and the worm wheel 21 are meshed with each other. By providing the worm wheel 21 and the worm 22, the laser detection device 10 is rotatably installed below the connecting plate 16, and the worm 22 can be rotated to drive the worm wheel 21 to rotate, so that the laser detection device 10 rotates in the horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the detection angle. This arrangement facilitates the detection of sheet metal parts with welding points at different angles.
[0027] A connecting frame 18 is installed at the bottom of the laser detection device 10, and three groups of laser probes 19 are installed on the lower side of the connecting frame 18. The three groups of laser probes 19 are respectively located directly below and on the left and right sides of the laser detection device 10. Among them, the two groups of laser probes 19 on the left are installed tilted inward. By providing the connecting frame 18, the three groups of laser probes 19 under the connecting frame 18 can respectively detect welding points at different positions, thereby improving the practicability of the detection device by increasing the detection range.
[0028] The movable end of the mechanical arm 23 is installed with a clamping claw 25 through a limiting frame 24. The mechanical arm 23 installs the clamping claw 25 through the limiting frame 24 to grasp and place. The two can be disassembled and assembled, which is convenient for subsequent inspection and maintenance.
[0029] A groove is provided at the bottom of the limit frame 24, and the clamping claw 25 is inserted and installed at the bottom of the limit frame 24. A groove is provided on the side of the limit frame 24, and a pull rod 26 is slidably inserted in the groove. The inner end of the pull rod 26 is connected to a clamping block 27, and the outer side of the pull rod 26 is sleeved with a spring 28. The limit frame 24 uses the elastic force generated by the spring 28 to make the clamping block 27 clamped into the top of the clamping claw 25. This installation method can make the disassembly and assembly of the clamping claw 25 more convenient and quick.
[0030] A positioning mechanism is provided below the welding device 12, and the positioning mechanism is extended and retracted through the output of the electric cylinder. When the conveyor frame 6 stops rotating, the sheet metal will shift under the action of inertia. By providing a positioning mechanism below the welding device 12, the sheet metal can be corrected, thereby improving the qualified rate of welding.
[0031] The single rotation angle of the conveyor frame 6 is 90° or 270°. The central control device 15 controls the operation of the robot arm 23 and the conveying work of the loading conveyor belt 13 and the unloading conveyor belt 14. By setting the rotation direction of the motor 4 to a single direction, this setting can avoid the problem of large losses caused by bidirectional rotation.
[0032] It should be noted that, for the above-mentioned embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the present invention, some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.
[0033] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic, such as the division of the above-mentioned units. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units can be in the form of telecommunication or other forms.
[0034] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field can still combine, add, delete or make other adjustments to the features in the embodiments of the present invention according to the situation without conflict, without making creative work, so as to obtain different other technical solutions that are essentially not separated from the concept of the present invention, and these technical solutions also belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bottom plate (1), wherein a bracket (2) is installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate (1), a connecting shaft (3) is installed on the top of the bracket (2) via a bearing, a motor (4) is installed on the surface of the bottom plate (1), an output group of the motor (4) is connected to the bottom of the connecting shaft (3), three groups of fixing frames (5) are installed on the side of the connecting shaft (3) in a circular array, a conveying frame (6) is installed on the outer ends of the three groups of fixing frames (5), a controller (7) is installed on the side of the motor (4), and the rotation angle of the motor (4) is controlled by the controller (7), a first supporting plate (8) is installed on the surface of the bottom plate (1), a fixing plate (9) is installed on the top of the first supporting plate (8), and the fixing plate (9) is installed on the outer ends of the fixing plates (5). ), a laser detection device (10) is installed below the bottom plate (1), a second support plate (11) is installed on the surface of the bottom plate (1), a welding device (12) is installed on the top of the second support plate (11), a loading conveyor belt (13) and a unloading conveyor belt (14) are installed above the bottom plate (1), respectively, the conveyor frame (6) is configured to be disc-shaped, the welding device (12), the laser detection device (10), the unloading conveyor belt (14) and the loading conveyor belt (13) are sequentially distributed in a circular array on four sides of the conveyor frame (6), the sides of the loading conveyor belt (13) and the unloading conveyor belt (14) are both installed with a central control device (15), and a mechanical arm (23) is installed on the side of the central control device (15).
2. A laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An open slide groove is arranged below the fixed plate (9), and a connecting plate (16) is slidably installed in the slide groove. The connecting plate (16) is arranged in a rectangular shape and fits with the inner wall of the slide groove of the fixed plate (9). A screw rod (17) is rotatably installed on the top of the fixed plate (9), and a thread groove matching the thread on the surface of the screw rod (17) is opened at the upper end of the connecting plate (16).
3. A laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting disk (20) is installed at the upper end of the laser detection device (10), and the connecting disk (20) is rotatably installed on the bottom of the connecting plate (16). A worm gear (21) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the connecting disk (20), and a worm (22) is rotatably installed on the side of the connecting plate (16), and the worm gear (22) and the worm gear (21) are meshed with each other.
4. A laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting frame (18) is installed at the bottom of the laser detection device (10), and three groups of laser probes (19) are installed on the lower side of the connecting frame (18). The three groups of laser probes (19) are respectively located directly below and on the left and right sides of the laser detection device (10), and the two groups of laser probes (19) on the left are installed tilted inwards.
5. A laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The movable end of the mechanical arm (23) is provided with a clamping claw (25) via a limiting frame (24).
6. A laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the limiting frame (24) is provided with a groove, the clamping claw (25) is installed under the limiting frame (24), the side of the limiting frame (24) is provided with a groove, and a pull rod (26) is slidably inserted in the groove, the inner end of the pull rod (26) is connected to a clamping block (27), and the outside of the pull rod (26) is sleeved with a spring (28).
7. A laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning mechanism is provided below the welding device (12), and the positioning mechanism is capable of telescopic movement through the output of an electric cylinder.
8. A laser welding spot detection system for automobile sheet metal parts as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The single rotation angle of the conveying frame (6) is 90° or 270°, and the central control device (15) controls the operation of the mechanical arm (23) and the conveying work of the loading conveyor belt (13) and the unloading conveyor belt (14).