Priority restoration method for ecological degradation area

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecology, geographic information system (GIS) and environment management, and discloses a preferential restoration method for an ecological degradation region, which comprises the following steps: acquiring change characteristics of each land utilization type in the region; identifying an ecologically degraded land urgently to be subjected to ecological restoration; estimating the habitat quality of the ecological system in the region, the carbon immobilization service, the grain yield and income in the region, and the animal husbandry yield and income; the economic loss caused by ecological restoration evaluation is obtained; setting a plurality of recovery scenes; and obtaining a restoration strategy of the ecological degradation area based on setting of a plurality of different restoration scenarios, and the like. Compared with a traditional restoration method depending on expert experience and field investigation, the preferential restoration method can scientifically and accurately identify the ecological degradation area to be subjected to ecological restoration through systematic analysis and evaluation, and provides diversified restoration strategy suggestions for decision makers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the fields of ecology, geographic information system (GIS) and environmental management technology, and in particular to a method for prioritizing restoration of ecologically degraded areas. Background Art

[0002] With the intensification of global climate change and human activities, the global ecological environment is facing unprecedented challenges, among which ecological degradation is particularly prominent. Ecological degradation not only leads to the reduction of biodiversity, but also seriously affects the service functions of ecosystems, such as carbon sequestration, water conservation, soil conservation, etc., which in turn threatens the sustainable development of human society. In order to effectively deal with this problem, ecological restoration work is particularly important. However, the limited resources for ecological restoration require us to scientifically and reasonably determine the restoration area and restoration strategy to maximize the restoration benefits.

[0003] At present, restoration work in ecologically degraded areas often lacks a systematic priority restoration method, resulting in blind restoration work, inefficiency and limited restoration effects. Traditional restoration methods mostly rely on expert experience and field surveys, which make it difficult to comprehensively and accurately assess the degree of ecological degradation and restoration potential in a region. Therefore, developing an ecosystem-based priority restoration method for ecologically degraded areas is of great significance for guiding ecological restoration work and optimizing resource allocation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for the priority restoration of ecologically degraded areas, which solves the problem that traditional identification methods are difficult to comprehensively and accurately assess the degree of ecological degradation and restoration potential of a region.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for prioritizing restoration of ecologically degraded areas is provided, which includes:

[0007] Step 1: Based on the land use types in the restoration base year and the current year, analyze the change characteristics of each land use type in the region;

[0008] Step 2: Based on the characteristics and problems of the regional ecosystem, use the change direction of land use types to screen the degraded land types and identify the ecologically degraded lands that urgently need ecological restoration;

[0009] Step 3: Assess the habitat quality and carbon sequestration services of the ecosystem in the region based on land use type data from different years, and estimate the grain production and income and livestock production and income in the region;

[0010] Step 4: Estimate the benefits of ecological restoration for biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation based on the habitat quality and carbon sequestration services in the region. At the same time, assess the opportunity cost of ecological restoration based on the sum of the benefits of food and animal husbandry.

[0011] Step 5: Set up multiple restoration scenarios based on the diversity of regional ecological restoration goals;

[0012] Step 6: Based on the setting of a variety of different restoration scenarios, identify the restoration priorities under different restoration area requirements and obtain the restoration strategy for ecologically degraded areas.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 1, land use types are divided into 10 categories, namely, forest, shrub, natural grassland, artificial grassland, desert, cultivated land, construction land, glacier, wetland and water body;

[0014] Collect and organize land use type data for the restoration baseline year and the current year. The restoration baseline year refers to the year when the ecological degradation problem begins to attract attention. Use the land transfer matrix method to obtain the change characteristics of 10 types of land use types. Use geographic information systems and remote sensing technology to spatially express land use types, and analyze the change characteristics of each land use type in the region. The change characteristics include change area, change direction and change rate.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 2, regional ecosystem characteristics include climate, topography, and soil; regional ecosystem problems include soil erosion and water shortage; and by comparing land use types in the baseline year and the current year, ecologically degraded lands that urgently need ecological restoration are identified.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 3, the InVEST model was used to evaluate the habitat quality and carbon sequestration services of the ecosystem in the region. Based on the meat production and price data, grain production and price data, and potential productivity data in the region in different years, the data on grain production and total price and meat production and total price were spatially displayed to provide basic data for the subsequent ecological restoration benefit evaluation.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 4, the opportunity cost is the economic loss caused by the reduction of food and livestock production due to the restoration work.

[0018] Further, in step 5, the multiple restoration scenarios include five restoration scenarios, the first restoration scenario is to focus on biodiversity conservation and give priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands that contribute the most to biodiversity conservation;

[0019] The second restoration scenario focuses on climate change mitigation, giving priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands that contribute most to climate change mitigation;

[0020] The third restoration scenario focuses on minimizing restoration costs and gives priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands with the lowest opportunity costs;

[0021] The fourth restoration scenario focuses on both biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation, comprehensively considers the benefits of biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation, and gives priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands that perform well in both.

[0022] The fifth restoration scenario focuses on biodiversity, climate change mitigation, and minimization of restoration costs. It comprehensively considers biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation, and restoration costs, and gives priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands that achieve the optimal balance among the three.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 6, based on the various restoration scenarios set in step 5, combined with the actual conditions of ecologically degraded land in the region and the availability of restoration resources, the restoration priorities under different restoration area requirements are identified, and the restoration strategies for ecologically degraded areas are obtained by comparatively analyzing the restoration benefits and restoration costs under different restoration scenarios.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the method for prioritizing restoration of ecologically degraded areas proposed by the present invention can scientifically and accurately identify ecologically degraded lands that urgently need ecological restoration through systematic analysis and evaluation, and provide decision makers with a variety of restoration strategy suggestions. The implementation of this method will help improve the efficiency and benefits of ecological restoration work and provide strong support for regional ecological protection and sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the principle of priority restoration approach for ecologically degraded areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for detecting diseases of gramineous crops based on deep ensemble learning comprises:

[0028] Step 1: Based on the land use types in the restoration base year and the current year, analyze the change characteristics of each land use type in the region; specifically, the land use types are divided into 10 categories, namely forest, shrub, natural grassland, artificial grassland, desert, cultivated land, construction land, glacier, wetland and water body; collect and organize the land use type data of the restoration base year and the current year. The restoration base year refers to the year when the ecological degradation problem began to attract attention; use the land transfer matrix method to obtain the change characteristics of the 10 types of land use types, use geographic information systems and remote sensing technology to spatially express land use types, and analyze the change characteristics of each land use type in the region; the change characteristics include change area, change direction and change rate. These change characteristics provide an important basis for our subsequent identification of ecologically degraded land.

[0029] The land transfer matrix method is an intuitive matrix expression for analyzing the dynamic process of land use change. It can quantitatively reflect the conversion status between different land use types and reveal the transfer rate between different land use types. It belongs to the existing technology and will not be elaborated in detail here on the principles and process of obtaining the change characteristics of 10 types of land use.

[0030] Step 2: Based on the characteristics and problems of regional ecosystems, the direction of change in land use types is used to screen degraded land types and identify ecologically degraded lands that are in urgent need of ecological restoration; regional ecosystem characteristics include climate, topography, and soil; regional ecosystem problems include soil erosion and water shortage; by comparing the land use types in the baseline year and the current year, ecologically degraded lands that are in urgent need of ecological restoration are identified. Specifically, based on the direction of change in land use types and regional ecosystem characteristics, the degree of degradation of various types of land in the region is assessed. For example, if an area changes from forest to desert, and the climate in the area is dry and the soil is poor, the area is judged to be ecologically degraded land.

[0031] Step 3. Assess the habitat quality and carbon sequestration services of the ecosystem in the region based on land use type data from different years, and estimate the grain output and income and livestock output and income in the region. Specifically, use the InVEST model to assess the habitat quality and carbon sequestration services of the ecosystem in the region, and based on the meat production and price data in the region in different years as well as the grain production and price data and potential productivity data, spatially display the data on grain production and total price and meat production and total price, to provide basic data for subsequent ecological restoration benefit evaluation.

[0032] Step 4: Estimate the benefits of ecological restoration for biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation based on the habitat quality and carbon sequestration services in the region. At the same time, evaluate the opportunity cost of ecological restoration based on the sum of the benefits of food and animal husbandry; the opportunity cost is the economic loss caused by the reduction in food and animal husbandry production due to restoration work.

[0033] Step 5: In view of the diversity of regional ecological restoration goals, multiple restoration scenarios are set; specifically, the multiple restoration scenarios include five restoration scenarios. The first restoration scenario focuses on biodiversity conservation and gives priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands that contribute the most to biodiversity conservation;

[0034] The second restoration scenario focuses on climate change mitigation, giving priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands that contribute most to climate change mitigation;

[0035] The third restoration scenario focuses on minimizing restoration costs and gives priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands with the lowest opportunity costs;

[0036] The fourth restoration scenario focuses on both biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation, comprehensively considers the benefits of biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation, and gives priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands that perform well in both.

[0037] The fifth restoration scenario focuses on biodiversity, climate change mitigation, and minimization of restoration costs. It comprehensively considers biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation, and restoration costs, and gives priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands that achieve the optimal balance among the three.

[0038] Step 6: Based on the setting of a variety of different restoration scenarios, identify the restoration priorities under different restoration area requirements, obtain the restoration strategy for ecologically degraded areas, and provide scientific and reasonable restoration strategy recommendations for decision makers.

[0039] In summary, compared with the traditional restoration method that relies on expert experience and field investigation, the priority restoration method for ecologically degraded areas in this plan can scientifically and accurately identify ecologically degraded areas that are in urgent need of ecological restoration through systematic analysis and evaluation, and provide decision makers with a variety of restoration strategy recommendations. The implementation of this method will help improve the efficiency and benefits of ecological restoration work and provide strong support for regional ecological protection and sustainable development.

Claims

1. A method for preferential restoration of ecologically degraded areas, characterized in that: include Step 1: Based on the land use types in the restoration base year and the current year, analyze the change characteristics of each land use type in the region; Step 2: Based on the characteristics and problems of the regional ecosystem, use the change direction of land use types to screen the degraded land types and identify the ecologically degraded lands that urgently need ecological restoration; Step 3: Assess the habitat quality and carbon sequestration services of the ecosystem in the region based on land use type data from different years, and estimate the grain production and income and livestock production and income in the region; Step 4: Estimate the benefits of ecological restoration for biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation based on the habitat quality and carbon sequestration services in the region. At the same time, assess the opportunity cost of ecological restoration based on the sum of the benefits of food and animal husbandry. Step 5: Set up multiple restoration scenarios based on the diversity of regional ecological restoration goals; Step 6: Based on the setting of a variety of different restoration scenarios, identify the restoration priorities under different restoration area requirements and obtain the restoration strategy for ecologically degraded areas.

2. The method for preferential restoration of ecologically degraded areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, land use types were divided into 10 categories, namely forest, shrub, natural grassland, artificial grassland, desert, cultivated land, construction land, glacier, wetland and water body; Collect and organize land use type data for the restoration baseline year and the current status year. The restoration baseline year refers to the year when ecological degradation issues began to attract attention; The land transfer matrix method was used to obtain the change characteristics of 10 types of land use, and the land use types were spatially expressed using geographic information systems and remote sensing technology, and the change characteristics of each land use type in the region were analyzed; The change characteristics include change area, change direction and change rate.

3. The method for preferential restoration of ecologically degraded areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, regional ecosystem characteristics include climate, topography, and soil; regional ecosystem problems include soil erosion and water shortage; and by comparing land use types in the baseline year and the current year, ecologically degraded lands that urgently need ecological restoration are identified.

4. The method for preferential restoration of ecologically degraded areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the InVEST model is used to evaluate the habitat quality and carbon sequestration services of the ecosystem in the region. Based on the meat production and price data, grain production and price data, and potential productivity data in the region in different years, the grain production and total price data and meat production and total price data are spatially displayed to provide basic data for the subsequent ecological restoration benefit evaluation.

5. The method for preferential restoration of ecologically degraded areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 4, the opportunity cost is the economic loss from reduced food and livestock production due to restoration efforts.

6. The method for preferential restoration of ecologically degraded areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 5, the multiple restoration scenarios include five restoration scenarios. The first restoration scenario focuses on biodiversity conservation and prioritizes the restoration of ecologically degraded lands that contribute the most to biodiversity conservation; The second restoration scenario focuses on climate change mitigation, giving priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands that contribute most to climate change mitigation; The third restoration scenario focuses on minimizing restoration costs and gives priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands with the lowest opportunity costs; The fourth restoration scenario focuses on both biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation, comprehensively considers the benefits of biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation, and gives priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands that perform well in both. The fifth restoration scenario focuses on biodiversity, climate change mitigation, and minimization of restoration costs. It comprehensively considers biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation, and restoration costs, and gives priority to restoring ecologically degraded lands that achieve the optimal balance among the three.

7. The method for preferential restoration of ecologically degraded areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 6, based on the various restoration scenarios set in step 5, combined with the actual situation of ecologically degraded land in the region and the availability of restoration resources, the restoration priorities under different restoration area requirements are identified, and the restoration strategy for the ecologically degraded area is obtained by comparing and analyzing the restoration benefits and restoration costs under different restoration scenarios.

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