Method, device and system for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions

Abstract

The present invention provides a method, device, and system for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions. The method comprises: obtaining tracer observed concentrations and pollutant observed concentrations at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range; determining the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and ground reflectance coefficient of a target Gaussian model based on the tracer observed concentrations at the multiple observation points; generating an initial chromosome population, and determining the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, ground reflectance coefficient, the pollutant observed concentrations at the multiple observation points, and the target Gaussian model; determining a target chromosome population based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, and determining the emission source location and / or emission rate of the target pollutant based on the target chromosome population. Embodiments of the present invention can effectively improve the accuracy of tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pollutant source tracing, and in particular to a method, device and system for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for air pollution monitoring, air pollutant monitoring is no longer limited to concentration measurement. It now also requires monitoring of emission rates and locations (i.e., pollutant source tracing). However, related technologies typically rely on atmospheric stability classification and empirical formulas to calculate atmospheric diffusion parameters. Because atmospheric stability is difficult to measure in real time, and empirical formulas often exhibit low accuracy under complex meteorological and surface conditions, the accuracy of atmospheric pollutant emission tracing is low. Consequently, there is currently no effective solution for improving the accuracy of atmospheric pollutant emission tracing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device and system for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions to solve the problem of low accuracy in tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions in related technologies; that is, the embodiments of the present invention can obtain the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, etc. through the actual inversion of tracer observation concentrations at multiple observation points, which can effectively overcome the dependence of related technologies on environmental conditions, can dynamically adapt to different meteorological conditions and underlying surface characteristics, and significantly improve the accuracy and applicability of the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, etc., and can break through the limitations of related technologies in the application of a single model through the coupling of Gaussian models and evolutionary algorithms (i.e., chromosome population evolution processes), and can be used to realize real-time tracing of atmospheric pollutant emissions, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions.

[0004] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions is provided, the method comprising:

[0005] Obtaining tracer observation concentrations and pollutant observation concentrations at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range;

[0006] determining an atmospheric diffusion coefficient and a ground reflection coefficient of a target Gaussian model based on the tracer observation concentrations at the plurality of observation points;

[0007] generating an initial chromosome population, and determining the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, the ground reflectance coefficient, the pollutant observation concentrations at the multiple observation points, and the target Gaussian model;

[0008] Based on the fitness of each of the initial chromosomes, a target chromosome population is determined, and based on the target chromosome population, the emission source location and / or emission rate of the target pollutant is determined.

[0009] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a device for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions is provided, the device comprising:

[0010] An acquisition unit, configured to acquire tracer observation concentrations and pollutant observation concentrations at a plurality of observation points within a predetermined time range;

[0011] a processing unit, configured to determine an atmospheric diffusion coefficient and a ground reflection coefficient of a target Gaussian model based on the tracer observation concentrations at the plurality of observation points;

[0012] The processing unit is further configured to generate an initial chromosome population, and determine the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, the ground reflectance coefficient, the observed pollutant concentrations at the multiple observation points, and the target Gaussian model;

[0013] The processing unit is further configured to determine a target chromosome population based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, and determine the emission source location and / or emission rate of a target pollutant based on the target chromosome population.

[0014] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, an atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory for storing a program, wherein the program includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, enable the processor to execute the above-mentioned method.

[0015] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions is provided, wherein the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the above-mentioned method.

[0016] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions is provided, which is applied to a mobile vehicle. The system includes:

[0017] Sampling tube;

[0018] A transmission device, fixed to the traveling vehicle, for driving the sampling port of the sampling tube to reciprocate in a vertical direction;

[0019] A gas analyzer, wherein the gas inlet of the gas analyzer is connected to the gas outlet of the sampling tube, and is used to analyze the gas collected by the sampling tube in real time to obtain the tracer observation concentration and the pollutant observation concentration at observation points at multiple vertical heights;

[0020] Such as the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device mentioned above.

[0021] After obtaining the observed tracer concentrations and pollutant concentrations at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range, embodiments of the present invention can determine the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and ground reflectance coefficient of the target Gaussian model based on the observed tracer concentrations at the multiple observation points. An initial chromosome population can then be generated, and the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population can be determined based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, ground reflectance coefficient, the observed pollutant concentrations at the multiple observation points, and the target Gaussian model. Furthermore, a target chromosome population can be determined based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, and the emission source location and / or emission rate of the target pollutant can be determined based on the target chromosome population. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention can obtain the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, etc. through the actual inversion of tracer observation concentrations at multiple observation points, which can effectively overcome the dependence of related technologies on environmental conditions, can dynamically adapt to different meteorological conditions and underlying surface characteristics, and significantly improve the accuracy and applicability of the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, etc., and can break through the limitations of related technologies in the application of a single model through the coupling of Gaussian models and evolutionary algorithms (i.e., chromosome population evolution processes), and can be used to realize real-time emission tracing of atmospheric pollutants, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of tracing the emission of atmospheric pollutants; based on this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a more accurate source emission quantitative positioning solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Further details, features and advantages of the present invention are disclosed in the following description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a data acquisition device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another data acquisition device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of another method for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic block diagram of an atmospheric pollutant emission source tracing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 7A block diagram of an exemplary electronic device capable of implementing the embodiments of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be understood that the various steps described in the method embodiments of the present invention may be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. In addition, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of the present invention is not limited in this respect.

[0032] The term "including" and its variations used in this document are open inclusions, that is, "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first", "second", etc. mentioned in the present invention are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0033] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0034] The names of the messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in the embodiments of the present invention are only used for illustrative purposes and are not used to limit the scope of these messages or information.

[0035] It should be noted that the execution subject of the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing method provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be an atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device, and the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device may include one or more electronic devices. That is to say, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing method provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be executed by one or more electronic devices constituting the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device, and the present invention does not limit this. Among them, the electronic device may be a terminal (i.e., a client) or a server. Then, when the execution subject includes multiple electronic devices, and the multiple electronic devices include at least one terminal and at least one server, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing method provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be jointly executed by the terminal and the server. Accordingly, the terminals mentioned here may include but are not limited to: smart phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, desktop computers, etc.; the servers mentioned here may be independent physical servers, or server clusters or distributed systems composed of multiple physical servers, or cloud servers that provide basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN (Content Delivery Network), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms, etc.

[0036] Based on the above description, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions. The method can be executed by the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device mentioned above, that is, it can be executed by one or more electronic devices constituting the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device; Figure 1 As shown, the method for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions may include the following steps S101-S104:

[0037] S101, obtaining tracer observation concentrations and pollutant observation concentrations at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range.

[0038] Optionally, the predetermined time range may be any time range, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] The tracer observation concentrations at multiple observation points may include the tracer observation concentrations at each of the multiple observation points, and the pollutant observation concentrations at multiple observation points may include the pollutant observation concentrations at each of the multiple observation points; the tracer observation concentration at one observation point may be the observed concentration of the tracer at the corresponding observation point, and the pollutant observation concentration at one observation point may be the observed concentration of the target pollutant at the corresponding observation point (i.e., the pollutant observation concentration). Optionally, the multiple observation points may be observation points at each of the multiple observation moments within a predetermined time range, i.e., one observation point may be an observation position at one observation moment (i.e., the coordinates of the observation point); illustratively, the coordinates of one observation point may be expressed as (x t ,y t ,z t ), t can be a time index, t∈[t1,t2,…,t s ], s may represent the number of observation points (i.e., the number of observation moments) among the multiple observation points, and a value of t may represent an observation moment (e.g., observation moment t1). Optionally, the tracer may be any inert gas, such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the target pollutant may be any pollutant, such as volatile organic compounds or carbon monoxide, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Optionally, the tracer observation concentration and pollutant observation concentration at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range can be measured by a system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions. In this case, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can obtain the tracer observation concentration and pollutant observation concentration at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range from the system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions; wherein, the system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions can be applied to a traveling vehicle. Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device for executing the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing method can also be located in the system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions; optionally, when the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device for executing the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing method is located in the system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device for executing the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing method can be the same device as the host computer described below, or can be a different device, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the embodiment of the present invention can also refer to the system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions as a multi-height continuous sampling system suitable for a traveling vehicle.

[0041] Based on this, Figure 2As shown, the system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions may include a data acquisition device 201 and an atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device 202 (that is, it may include an atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device). The data acquisition device 201 can be applied to a moving vehicle, so that the system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions can be applied to a moving vehicle; accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention can collect tracer observation concentrations and pollutant observation concentrations at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range through the data acquisition device 201, so that the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device 202 can obtain the tracer observation concentrations and pollutant observation concentrations at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range. For example, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device 202 can obtain the tracer observation concentrations and pollutant observation concentrations at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range from the data acquisition device 201, and then perform atmospheric pollutant emission tracing.

[0042] Among them, for the data acquisition device, the data acquisition device involved in the prior art is usually to connect one end of the sampling tube to the concentration analyzer in the vehicle, and the other end is divided into five ways to connect five two-way solenoid valves respectively. The other end of each solenoid valve is connected to a sampling tube extending to the outside, fixed at five different heights, and by switching different pipes, the concentration data at different heights is measured, such as Figure 3 In this case, multi-height sampling is usually achieved by switching sampling tubes fixed at different heights. This results in only one tube being sampled at a time, and the other tubes are not sampling. When switching to another sampling tube, there is residual gas in the tube. The concentration data obtained by these gas samples entering the instrument needs to be deleted, resulting in a loss of data volume. In addition, due to the fixed sampling height, when the release point of the pollution source is close to the UAV, the smoke plume range is small and may pass through two adjacent heights, making it impossible to measure. In addition, due to the large number of pipelines, there are many miter joints. For example, there are 10 joints for five double-pass electromagnetics, which are prone to leakage.

[0043] In this regard, the data acquisition device referred to in the embodiments of the present invention (i.e., the data acquisition device in a system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions) may include, but is not limited to, a transmission device, a sampling tube, and a gas analyzer (i.e., the system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions may include, but is not limited to, a transmission device, a sampling tube, and a gas analyzer), and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The transmission device may be fixed to a traveling vehicle and configured to drive a sampling port of the sampling tube to reciprocate vertically. In other words, the sampling port may be fixed to the transmission device so that the sampling port reciprocates up and down with the transmission of the transmission device. The gas analyzer has an air inlet connected to the air outlet of the sampling tube and is configured to analyze the gas collected by the sampling tube in real time to obtain observed tracer concentrations and pollutant concentrations at multiple observation points at vertical heights. The vertical heights (i.e., Z coordinates (i.e., coordinate values ​​in the Z-axis direction)) of different observation points may be the same or different, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Optionally, the data acquisition device may further include a sampling rod for fixing the transmission device to secure the transmission device to the traveling vehicle. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention can obtain the spatial concentration distribution of pollutants at different heights through the reciprocating motion of the sampling port at different heights, and thus combine meteorological data and mass balance method to invert the pollutant emission rate, etc.

[0044] Optionally, the system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions may further include (i.e., the data acquisition device in the system may further include) a position detection sensor and a control device (e.g., a stepper motor and a controller). The position detection sensor may be configured to generate a position indication signal; optionally, the position detection sensor may be configured to generate a position indication signal when the sampling port moves to a predetermined vertical height. Accordingly, the control device may be configured to control the movement speed of the actuator; the movement speed and the position indication signal may be used to determine the vertical height of the sampling port at each observation time. Optionally, the position detection sensor may include a light shielding plate and a photoelectric switch. The light shielding plate may be driven by the actuator to reciprocate in a vertical direction; the photoelectric switch may be fixed at a predetermined vertical height (i.e., the photoelectric switch may be fixed at a designated position on the sampling rod so that the photoelectric switch is fixed at the predetermined vertical height) and configured to generate a position indication signal when the light shielding plate moves to the predetermined vertical height. Based on this, the photoelectric switch and the light shielding plate are used to measure the vertical height of the sampling port at any observation time. Optionally, the position detection sensor may further include a host computer that continuously sends commands to query the electrical signal of the photoelectric switch (i.e., the position indication signal), thereby determining the vertical height (i.e., height above the ground) of the sampling port at each observation time based on the movement speed and the position indication signal, and so on. Based on this, the position detection sensor can be used to measure the vertical height of the sampling port at any observation time. Optionally, the predetermined vertical height and the designated position can be set based on experience or actual needs, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the light shielding plate and the sampling port can be fixed to the same position of the transmission device (i.e., located at the same vertical height), or can be located near the sampling port, i.e., the light shielding plate can be located near the sampling port. Thus, the photoelectric switch can generate a position indication signal when the light shielding plate moves to the predetermined vertical height, thereby enabling the detection sensor device to generate a position indication signal when the sampling port moves to the predetermined vertical height. In other words, the detection sensor device can generate a position indication signal when the sampling port moves to the predetermined vertical height by generating a position indication signal when the sampling port moves to the predetermined vertical height. Optionally, in other embodiments, the distance between the shading plate and the sampling port may also be a preset distance. In this case, the photoelectric switch may generate a position indication signal when the shading plate moves to a predetermined vertical height to enable the detection sensor device to generate a position indication signal. The position indication signal generated by the photoelectric switch when the shading plate moves to a predetermined vertical height can be used to indicate the vertical height of the shading plate; optionally, the preset distance may be set according to experience or according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not limit this; in this case, the vertical height of the sampling port at each observation moment may be determined by the movement speed, the position indication signal and the preset distance, and so on.

[0045] Optionally, the system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions may also include, but is not limited to, a sampling rod, a compass, a positioning system (such as GPS (Global Positioning System) or RTK (Real-time kinematic, a novel and widely used GPS measurement method), accelerometers, attitude sensors, battery packs, relays, and the like; this is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the transmission device may include, but is not limited to, a transmission belt (such as a belt) and a transmission pulley (such as a pulley), and the like; this is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention; in this case, a component (such as a sampling port or a light shielding plate) fixed to the transmission device may refer to the component being fixed to the transmission belt of the transmission device. Optionally, the gas analyzer may include a tracer concentration analyzer and a pollutant concentration analyzer, and the like; this is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] For example, the data sampling device according to the embodiment of the present invention may be as follows: Figure 4As shown, an aluminum rod (such as a 4040 aluminum rod) approximately 3 meters long can be horizontally fixed to the roof of a vehicle (i.e., a traveling vehicle). A 3D ultrasonic anemometer (for measuring wind speed data) is fixed at one end of the vehicle. Simultaneously, a sampling rod (such as a 3030 aluminum rod) is fixed to the front of the vehicle using a crossbar. The sampling rod can be approximately 6 meters long and fixed perpendicularly to the ground. The sampling rod can be used to secure a transmission device, which can be a belt drive system controlled by a stepper motor (i.e., a transmission device). The drive pulley at one end can be fixed to the stepper motor, which is then fixed to the top of the sampling rod. The bottom end of the sampling rod is fixed to a bearing and another pulley, which is then secured to the pulley. Optionally, a sampling tube with an outer diameter of 1 / 8 inch can be fixed to the belt at one end, and connected to the pollutant detector (i.e., a gas analyzer) in the vehicle at the other end. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention can use a controller to control the rotation speed, number of revolutions, and forward and reverse rotation time of the stepper motor, so as to control the rotation of the belt pulley by controlling the stepper motor, and realize the up and down reciprocating motion of the belt), thereby realizing the up and down reciprocating motion of the sampling port (that is, the end of the sampling tube) on the sampling rod (that is, up and down reciprocating motion on the belt), and the sampling port can be realized to reciprocate up and down with the transmission of the transmission device. Optionally, a sunshade can be fixed near the sampling port; a photoelectric switch can be fixed in the middle of the sampling rod, 2.5 meters away from the lower end of the sampling rod (that is, the designated position of the sampling rod mentioned above can refer to 2.5 meters away from the lower end of the sampling rod); accordingly, during the sampling process, the sampling port and the sunshade fixed on the belt can be driven by a stepper motor to move up and down, and the photoelectric switch is connected to the serial relay in the vehicle, and the serial relay is connected to the host computer (such as a laptop). Every time the sunshade passes the photoelectric switch position, an electrical signal is generated, and the host computer continuously sends commands to query the photoelectric switch electrical signal (that is, the position indication signal) to determine the time when the sunshade passes the photoelectric switch position, thereby calculating the vertical height of the sampling port at each moment. Optionally, the roof can also be equipped with a compass, a positioning system (GPS or RTK) and an accelerometer, etc., to measure the vehicle's position information, driving speed, and vehicle tilt state. It should be noted that, Figure 4 The data sampling device in the system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions mentioned in the embodiment of the present invention is only shown by way of example, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. For example, the length of the aluminum rod horizontally fixed on the roof may also be approximately 4 meters; for another example, the length of the sampling rod may also be approximately 7 meters, and so on.

[0047] Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention can establish a continuous sliding sampling system through a system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions, which can avoid data loss caused by switching multiple sampling tubes in related technologies (for example, it can effectively avoid the situation where the sampling height is fixed and the smoke plume range is small and may pass through two adjacent heights when the release point close to the pollution source is close to the traveling vehicle, and thus cannot be measured), and realize continuous measurement in the vertical direction; moreover, the embodiment of the present invention does not require multiple sampling tubes, which can effectively avoid the potential leakage risk caused by the large number of joints in the multiple sampling tube solution.

[0048] Optionally, the tracer observation concentrations and pollutant observation concentrations at multiple observation points may be data obtained within the target area, in which case the target area may be used as a pollutant emission source area; optionally, the target area may be any area, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, a rectangular coordinate system can be established with the southwest corner (i.e., the lower right corner) of the target area as the coordinate origin, with the east direction as the X axis, the north direction as the Y axis, and the direction perpendicular to the ground as the Z axis. Based on this, the target area can be divided into three-dimensional grid units of the same size, where m, n, and p can represent the number of grids in the X, Y, and Z directions, respectively. Then, the coordinates of the target area grid (i.e., grid coordinates) can be expressed as (x i ,y j ,z k ), where i, j, and k are position indices, i∈[1,m], j∈[1,n], and k∈[1,p]. In an embodiment of the present invention, a grid coordinate may be the coordinate of the lower left corner of a grid; alternatively, in other embodiments, a grid coordinate may also be the coordinate of the center point of a grid, etc., which is not limited in the present invention.

[0050] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the tracer gas cylinder can be placed at any position in the target area to control the release of the tracer gas (i.e., the tracer release intensity can be controlled to release the tracer gas). The tracer gas release port (i.e., the position of the tracer gas cylinder) can be an emission port position (i.e., emission source position). An emission source position can be expressed as (x T ,y T ,z T ) (which can represent the coordinate values ​​of an emission outlet on the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, respectively. The coordinate value of an emission outlet on the Z-axis can be the height of the corresponding emission outlet from the ground (i.e., vertical height)). Optionally, a vehicle-mounted mobile platform equipped with a tracer concentration analyzer, a pollutant concentration analyzer, and a meteorological measuring instrument can navigate on a road downwind of the target area and observe the tracer concentration, target pollutant concentration, wind speed and direction in real time, thereby obtaining observation data at each observation point (such as the observed tracer concentration, the observed pollutant concentration, etc.). Each observation point can be located within the target area.

[0051] S102 , determining the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and the ground reflection coefficient of the target Gaussian model based on the tracer observation concentrations at multiple observation points.

[0052] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the emission source position can be used as the coordinate origin, the wind direction axis as the X' axis, the horizontal direction perpendicular to the wind direction axis as the Y' axis, and the direction perpendicular to the ground as the Z' axis to establish a target Gaussian model. In this embodiment of the present invention, the target Gaussian model can be shown as Formula 1.1:

[0053] Formula 1.1

[0054] Where C(x',y',z') can be the tracer concentration or pollutant concentration at the downwind coordinate (x',y',z'), C b (x', y', z') can be the background concentration of the tracer or the target pollutant (that is, it can be the background value of the tracer concentration or the background value of the pollutant concentration, that is, it can be the background value of the concentration corresponding to the observation point corresponding to the coordinates (x', y', z'), that is, the background concentration value of the corresponding observation point at the observation time), Q can be the tracer release intensity or the pollution source emission intensity, It can be the average wind speed during the observation period, H can be the height of the tracer release port or the pollution source discharge port from the ground (i.e. the vertical height of the discharge port), and These may be the horizontal and vertical diffusion standard deviations, respectively; a, b, c, and d may be atmospheric diffusion coefficients; and α may be the ground reflection coefficient. Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission source tracing equipment may also obtain meteorological data (including but not limited to wind speed and wind direction) at each observation point to determine the average wind speed within a predetermined time range based on the meteorological data at each observation point, thereby substituting the data into the target Gaussian model for calculation.

[0055] Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing equipment can iteratively solve the atmospheric diffusion coefficients a, b, c, d and the ground reflection coefficient based on the Gaussian model (i.e., the above-mentioned target Gaussian model) using the least squares method according to the tracer release intensity (i.e., tracer emission rate), the tracer observed concentrations at multiple observation points, wind speed, wind direction, and tracer concentration background value sequence; that is, the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and the ground reflection coefficient can be iteratively solved using the least squares method based on the tracer release intensity, the tracer observed concentrations at multiple observation points, i.e., the tracer concentration background value sequence (which may include the tracer concentration background value corresponding to each observation point), wind speed, wind direction, and the target Gaussian model, thereby determining the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and the ground reflection coefficient of the target Gaussian model to achieve the above-mentioned tracer observed concentrations based on multiple observation points and determine the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and the ground reflection coefficient of the target Gaussian model. At this time, the position of the tracer gas cylinder can be used as the discharge port position to be substituted into the target Gaussian model for calculation. Optionally, the tracer release intensity can be set based on experience or actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. That is, embodiments of the present invention can control the release of tracer (i.e., tracer gas) from a tracer cylinder based on the tracer release intensity. For example, the tracer release intensity, the tracer concentration background value corresponding to each observation point, the average wind speed, the coordinates of each observation point, and the location of the tracer cylinder (i.e., the tracer release port) can be substituted into a target Gaussian model to determine the calculated tracer concentration at each observation point. Based on the calculated and observed tracer concentrations at each observation point, the tracer concentration loss value is determined to optimize the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and ground reflectance coefficient of the target Gaussian model, ultimately determining the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and ground reflectance coefficient of the target Gaussian model. Based on this, embodiments of the present invention can use the least squares method to fit the relationship between the tracer release intensity and the downwind monitored concentration, thereby inverting the atmospheric diffusion coefficient in real time, etc., to obtain a highly accurate atmospheric diffusion coefficient.

[0056] Alternatively, assuming that the wind direction is θ, which is the angle between the wind vector and the north direction, the calculation of x', y', and z' in the target Gaussian model can be shown in formula 1.2, that is, the calculation of the coordinates (x', y', z') can be shown in formula 1.2:

[0057] Formula 1.2

[0058] Among them, (x t ,y t ,z t ) can be the coordinates of any observation point, (x T ,y T ,z T) can be any emission source location (such as the location of the tracer gas cylinder mentioned above), and the coordinates (x', y', z') can correspond one-to-one with the coordinates of the observation point. Optionally, θ can be the wind direction at any observation point. Based on this, Equation 1.2 can be substituted into Equation 1.1 to perform the calculation.

[0059] Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device may further determine a tracer concentration background value sequence based on the tracer observed concentrations at multiple observation points. Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device may arrange the tracer observed concentrations at the multiple observation points in ascending order to obtain a tracer observed concentration ranking result, select the first M tracer observed concentrations (i.e., concentration values) from the tracer observed concentration ranking result, and thereby determine a tracer concentration background value sequence to be adjusted based on the first M tracer observed concentrations. The tracer concentration background value sequence to be adjusted is then linearly interpolated to obtain an interpolated tracer concentration background value sequence. Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device may further perform a sliding average on the interpolated tracer concentration background value sequence to obtain a tracer concentration background value sequence, thereby smoothing the tracer concentration background value sequence and making the tracer concentration background value sequence closer to the actual concentration background condition, thereby improving the accuracy of the background sequence. Alternatively, the interpolated tracer concentration background value sequence may be used as the tracer concentration background value sequence, and so on; this is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Optionally, the value of M can be set according to experience or actual needs, or it can be determined according to the percentage of preset observation points (such as when the percentage of preset observation points is 3%, the value of M can be 3% of the number of observations), etc.; the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. Optionally, the percentage of preset observation points can be set according to experience or actual needs, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. Optionally, when determining the background value sequence of the tracer concentration to be adjusted according to the first M tracer observation concentrations, the tracer concentration background value corresponding to each observation point can be determined from the M tracer observation concentrations (the background value corresponding to an observation point can be the background value at the observation moment of the corresponding observation point), that is, the background value points in the time series can be extracted from the M tracer observation concentrations (the time series includes each observation moment in sequence, and an observation moment is the observation moment of an observation point, that is, one observation point corresponds to one observation moment, and each observation point is in accordance with the time sequence constituted by the corresponding observation moment). sequence); that is, for any observation point among the multiple observation points, if the tracer observation concentration at any observation point exists among the M tracer observation concentrations, the tracer observation concentration at any observation point can be used as the tracer concentration background value corresponding to the any observation point; if the tracer observation concentration at any observation point does not exist among the M tracer observation concentrations, the tracer concentration background value corresponding to the any observation point can be empty (that is, the tracer concentration background value at the time point (that is, the observation moment) of any observation point is missing), thereby determining the tracer concentration background value sequence to be adjusted.

[0061] Optionally, when performing a sliding average on the interpolated tracer concentration background value sequence to obtain the tracer concentration background value sequence, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device may use Formula 1.3 to perform a sliding average on the interpolated tracer concentration background value sequence:

[0062] Formula 1.3

[0063] Where, in formula 1.3, w∈[v / 2+1,sv / 2], s is the number of observation points (i.e., the number of observation moments or time points), C b (t w ) can represent the observation time t w The smoothed background value at the observation time t w The tracer concentration background value at 37°C), C bl (t r ) can be the observation time t r The interpolated background value at time t (e.g., the interpolated tracer concentration background value sequence at observation time t r The tracer concentration background value at ), v can be a sliding average window; where C bl(t) may represent a sequence of interpolated tracer concentration background values ​​(such as a sequence of interpolated tracer concentration background values ​​or a sequence of interpolated pollutant concentration background values). Optionally, the sliding average window may be set based on experience or actual needs, which is not limited in the present embodiment. For example, v may be a positive integer, and / or the value of v may be any even number, etc. Optionally, when the value of w is less than v / 2+1, or greater than sv / 2, the observation time t w The smoothed background value at the observation time t w The interpolated background value at t; or, when the value of w is less than v / 2+1, the observation time t w The smoothed background value at the observation time t can be the mean of the interpolated background values ​​at the previous v / 2 observation times. When the value of w is greater than sv / 2, the observation time t w The smoothed background value at the observation time can be the average of the interpolated background values ​​at the next v / 2 observation time points, and so on; this is not limited in the present embodiment. Based on this, the background value at a coordinate can correspond to the background value at the corresponding observation time point, so that when calculating the concentration value at any observation point using the target Gaussian model, the concentration background value at the observation time point at which the observation point is located can be substituted for the calculation, and so on.

[0064] Correspondingly, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can also determine a pollutant concentration background value sequence based on the pollutant observation concentrations of multiple observation points. The pollutant concentration background value sequence may include the target pollutant concentration background value corresponding to each observation point. Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device may arrange the pollutant observation concentrations of multiple observation points in order from small to large according to the pollutant observation concentrations to obtain a pollutant observation concentration sorting result, and select the first M pollutant observation concentrations from the pollutant observation concentration sorting result, thereby determining the pollutant concentration background value sequence to be adjusted according to the first M pollutant observation concentrations, and then linearly interpolate the pollutant concentration background value sequence to be adjusted to obtain an interpolated pollutant concentration background value sequence. Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can also perform a sliding average on the interpolated pollutant concentration background value sequence to obtain a pollutant concentration background value sequence, so as to smooth the pollutant concentration background value sequence, thereby making the pollutant concentration background value sequence closer to the actual concentration background situation to improve the accuracy of the background sequence; alternatively, the interpolated pollutant concentration background value sequence can also be used as the pollutant concentration background value sequence, and so on; the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. It should be understood that the method for determining the pollutant concentration background value sequence may be the same as the method for determining the tracer concentration background value sequence, and the embodiments of the present invention will not be described in detail here.

[0065] S103: generating an initial chromosome population, and determining the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, the ground reflectance coefficient, the observed concentration of pollutants at multiple observation points, and the target Gaussian model.

[0066] Optionally, a chromosome (also referred to as an individual) includes an emission source position and an emission rate, and an emission source position includes coordinate values ​​in each of a plurality of position coordinate directions. Optionally, the number of chromosomes in a chromosome population may be N, where N is a positive integer; that is, a chromosome population may include the emission source position and emission rate of each of the N chromosomes. Optionally, assuming that a position coordinate direction and an emission rate (i.e., emission intensity) may be a gene of a chromosome respectively, then when a plurality of position coordinate directions include the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, a chromosome may include 4 genes, and then a chromosome may be represented as [x i ,y j ,z k ,Q]; where x i ,y j ,z k It can represent the location of the emission source, and Q can represent the emission rate. Optionally, the value of N can be the product of the preset number of chromosomes and the number of genes (e.g., when the preset number of chromosomes is 50, N can be 50 × D, where D is the number of genes (e.g., 4)). Alternatively, it can be set based on experience or actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the preset number of chromosomes can be set based on experience or actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Optionally, when generating the initial chromosome population, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can determine the chromosome coordinate generation range in each position coordinate direction, and generate the coordinate value of each chromosome in each position coordinate direction according to the chromosome coordinate generation range in each position coordinate direction, so as to determine the coordinate value of each chromosome in each position coordinate direction; accordingly, the chromosome emission rate generation range can be determined, and the emission rate of each chromosome can be generated according to the chromosome emission rate generation range, thereby obtaining N chromosomes, and the initial value of N chromosomes can be obtained; further, each chromosome can be used as an initial chromosome to generate the initial chromosome population. Optionally, the chromosome coordinate generation range in a position coordinate direction can be the area range of the target area in the corresponding position coordinate direction, or it can be a discrete variable composed of the coordinate values ​​of each grid in the target area at the corresponding position coordinate, etc. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit this; for example, the chromosome coordinate generation range in a position coordinate direction is a discrete variable composed of the coordinate values ​​of each grid in the target area at the corresponding position coordinate as an example, and the x in a chromosome i It can be a discrete variable [x1,x2,…,x m ] is randomly extracted once to generate the first gene in the chromosome (that is, the chromosome generation range in the X-axis direction can be [x1, x2, ..., x m ]), y in a chromosome j It can be a discrete variable [y1,y2,…,y n ] is randomly extracted once to generate the second gene in the chromosome (that is, the chromosome generation range in the Y-axis direction can be [y1,y2,…,y n ]), z in a chromosome k It can be a discrete variable [z1,z2,…,z p ] is randomly extracted once to generate the third gene in the chromosome (that is, the chromosome generation range in the Z-axis direction can be [z1,z2,…,z p ]).

[0068] Optionally, when determining the chromosome emission rate generation range, the atmospheric pollutant emission source tracing device can determine the location of the pending emission source and the pollutant concentration background value sequence; and determine the emission rate reference value based on the location of the pending emission source, the pollutant observation concentrations at multiple observation points, the pollutant concentration background value sequence, and the target Gaussian model; thereby determining the chromosome emission rate generation range based on the emission rate reference value. Optionally, the location of the pending emission source can be the grid center point coordinates of any grid in the target area, or any grid coordinates, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. Based on this, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing equipment can determine the emission rate reference value based on the location of the emission source to be determined, the observed pollutant concentrations of multiple observation points, the pollutant concentration background value sequence, the target Gaussian model, the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and the ground reflection coefficient; illustratively, the pollutant observation concentration and the corresponding pollutant concentration background value at at least one observation point can be determined from the pollutant observation concentrations and the pollutant concentration background value sequence at multiple observation points; the location of the emission source to be determined is substituted into the target Gaussian model as the emission source location, and the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, the ground reflection coefficient, the observed pollutant concentration at at least one observation point and the corresponding pollutant concentration background value are substituted into the target Gaussian model to obtain the calculated pollutant emission rate corresponding to each observation point in at least one observation point, thereby determining the emission rate reference value based on the calculated pollutant emission rate corresponding to each observation point in at least one observation point; optionally, at least one observation point can be any observation point among the multiple observation points. Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission source tracing device may determine the maximum calculated pollutant emission rate from the calculated pollutant emission rates corresponding to each of the at least one observation point, and use the maximum calculated pollutant emission rate as the emission rate reference value; alternatively, the average of the calculated pollutant emission rates corresponding to each of the at least one observation point may be used as the emission rate reference value, and so on; this is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the emission rate reference value may also be set based on experience or actual needs, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Optionally, when determining the chromosome emission rate generation range based on the emission rate reference value, the product between the first preset value and the emission rate reference value and the product between the second preset value and the emission rate reference value can be used to determine the chromosome emission rate generation range; Optionally, the first preset value and the second preset value can be set based on experience or according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. For example, assuming that the first preset value is 0.1 and the second preset value is 10, then the chromosome emission rate generation range can be [0.1×Q e ,10×Q e ]; Based on this, Q in a chromosome can be obtained from the continuous variable [0.1×Q e ,10×Q e] is randomly extracted once to generate the fourth gene in the chromosome, Q e Can be a reference value for emission rate.

[0070] S104 , determining a target chromosome population based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, and determining the emission source location and / or emission rate of the target pollutant based on the target chromosome population.

[0071] Optionally, the number of target pollutant emission source locations may be one or more, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention. Optionally, one target pollutant emission source location may correspond to one emission rate, that is, one target pollutant emission rate may be the emission rate at one target pollutant emission source location, and the number of target pollutant emission rates may be one or more, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0072] After obtaining the observed tracer concentrations and pollutant concentrations at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range, embodiments of the present invention can determine the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and ground reflectance coefficient of the target Gaussian model based on the observed tracer concentrations at the multiple observation points. An initial chromosome population can then be generated, and the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population can be determined based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, ground reflectance coefficient, the observed pollutant concentrations at the multiple observation points, and the target Gaussian model. Furthermore, a target chromosome population can be determined based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, and the emission source location and / or emission rate of the target pollutant can be determined based on the target chromosome population. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention can obtain the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, etc. through the actual inversion of tracer observation concentrations at multiple observation points, which can effectively overcome the dependence of related technologies on environmental conditions, can dynamically adapt to different meteorological conditions and underlying surface characteristics, and significantly improve the accuracy and applicability of the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, etc., and can break through the limitations of related technologies in the application of a single model through the coupling of Gaussian models and evolutionary algorithms (i.e., chromosome population evolution processes), and can be used to realize real-time emission tracing of atmospheric pollutants, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of tracing the emission of atmospheric pollutants; based on this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a more accurate source emission quantitative positioning solution.

[0073] Based on the above description, the embodiment of the present invention also proposes a more specific method for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions. Accordingly, the method for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions can be executed by the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device mentioned above, that is, by one or more electronic devices constituting the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device; see Figure 5 The method for tracing the source of atmospheric pollutant emissions may include the following steps S501-S505:

[0074] S501 , obtaining tracer observation concentrations and pollutant observation concentrations at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range.

[0075] S502 : Determine the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and ground reflection coefficient of the target Gaussian model based on the tracer observation concentrations at multiple observation points.

[0076] S503, generating an initial chromosome population, and for any initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population, determining the calculated concentration of pollutants at multiple observation points under any initial chromosome based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, the ground reflectance coefficient, the target Gaussian model and any initial chromosome.

[0077] A chromosome includes an emission source position and an emission rate.

[0078] Optionally, when determining the calculated pollutant concentrations of multiple observation points under any initial chromosome based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, ground reflection coefficient, target Gaussian model and any initial chromosome, for any observation point among the multiple observation points, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing equipment can substitute the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, ground reflection coefficient, any initial chromosome (i.e., the emission source position and emission rate in any initial chromosome), the coordinates of any observation point and the pollutant concentration background value corresponding to any observation point into the target Gaussian model to determine the calculated pollutant concentration of any observation point under any initial chromosome, thereby determining the calculated pollutant concentrations of multiple observation points under any initial chromosome (which may include the calculated pollutant concentrations of each observation point among the multiple observation points under any initial chromosome).

[0079] S504 , determining the fitness of any initial chromosome based on the pollutant observation concentrations of the multiple observation points and the pollutant calculated concentrations of the multiple observation points under any initial chromosome, to obtain the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population.

[0080] Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can use Formula 2.1 to determine the fitness of any initial chromosome based on the pollutant observed concentrations at multiple observation points and the pollutant calculated concentrations at multiple observation points under any initial chromosome:

[0081] Formula 2.1

[0082] Among them, C obs (t w ) can be expressed as t w The observed concentration of pollutants at the observation point at time, C mod (t w ) can be expressed as t wThe calculated pollutant concentration at the observation point at time t under any initial chromosome, F, can represent the fitness of any initial chromosome. Based on this, the fitness of any initial chromosome can be determined based on the difference between the observed pollutant concentrations at multiple observation points and the calculated pollutant concentrations at multiple observation points under any initial chromosome. In this embodiment of the present invention, a higher fitness indicates a closer calculated concentration to the observed concentration, indicating a more optimal chromosome.

[0083] S505 , determining a target chromosome population based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, and determining the emission source location and / or emission rate of the target pollutant based on the target chromosome population.

[0084] Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device may perform population updates on the initial chromosome population based on the fitness of each initial chromosome in accordance with a preset evolutionary strategy to obtain an updated chromosome population, and then determine the target chromosome population based on the updated chromosome population. Optionally, the preset evolutionary strategy may be set according to experience or actual needs, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention; in other words, the embodiment of the present invention may adopt an evolutionary algorithm to perform population updates on the initial chromosome population based on the fitness of each initial chromosome to obtain an updated chromosome population. The evolutionary algorithm may be any evolutionary algorithm (such as a genetic algorithm, etc.), which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. For ease of explanation, the following description will take the evolutionary algorithm as an example of a genetic algorithm, and in this case the preset evolutionary strategy may be a preset genetic evolutionary strategy.

[0085] Based on this, when determining the target chromosome population based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing equipment can determine the preset genetic evolution strategy, and according to the preset genetic evolution strategy, based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, update the initial chromosome population to obtain an updated chromosome population; when the updated chromosome population does not reach the convergence condition, continue to update the updated chromosome population (that is, continue to determine the next generation chromosome population) until the convergence condition is reached, and use the updated chromosome population when the convergence condition is reached as the target chromosome population. Optionally, the convergence condition may refer to the average Euclidean distance change between chromosomes being less than a preset distance change threshold (e.g., the average Euclidean distance change between chromosomes may be the average of the chromosome Euclidean distances between the current updated chromosome population and the previous generation chromosome population, a chromosome Euclidean distance may be the Euclidean distance between a chromosome in the current updated chromosome population and the corresponding chromosome in the previous generation chromosome population, etc.), or may refer to the optimal fitness improvement in the chromosome population being less than a preset fitness improvement threshold (e.g., the optimal fitness improvement in the chromosome population may be the difference between the optimal fitness (i.e., maximum fitness) of the chromosome in the current updated chromosome population and the optimal fitness of the chromosome in the previous generation chromosome population, or the ratio between the optimal fitness of the chromosome in the previous generation chromosome population, etc.); the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. Optionally, both the preset distance change threshold and the preset fitness improvement threshold may be set according to experience or actual needs, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention; illustratively, both the preset distance change threshold and the preset fitness improvement threshold may be 1%, etc. Based on this, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing equipment can repeat the population updating process until the diversity of the chromosome population drops to a certain level (i.e., convergence), and then stop the operation to obtain the target chromosome population.

[0086] Optionally, the preset genetic evolution strategy may include an elite retention strategy, a gene crossover strategy, a gene mutation strategy, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the elite retention strategy, gene crossover strategy, and gene mutation strategy may all be set based on experience or actual needs, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device may sort each initial chromosome in descending fitness order to obtain an initial chromosome sorting result, and determine the top G initial chromosomes from the initial chromosome sorting result, and add these top G initial chromosomes to the next generation chromosome population (i.e., the current updated chromosome population) of the current chromosome population (here, the initial chromosome population). This means that the top G initial chromosomes are retained and directly replicated into the next generation, thereby implementing the elite retention strategy. Optionally, the value of G may be the product of the preset elite chromosome percentage and N, or may be set based on experience or actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the preset elite chromosome percentage may be set based on experience or actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. For example, the preset elite chromosome percentage may be 10%, etc.

[0087] Exemplarily, under the gene crossover strategy, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can pair the remaining chromosomes (i.e., the chromosomes in the initial chromosome population except the first G initial chromosomes mentioned above, i.e., the chromosomes in the initial chromosome population except the elite retained chromosomes) in pairs according to fitness from large to small, and perform a single-point crossover operation on the genes of each pair of initial chromosomes with a first preset crossover probability (i.e., exchanging any single gene at the same position, such as performing a single-point crossover on the first gene of the initial chromosome pair [x1, y1, z1, Q1] and [x2, y2, z2, Q2] to obtain offspring [x2, y1, z1, Q1] and [x1, y2, z2, Q2]), to obtain two daughter chromosomes for each pair of initial chromosomes, so as to add the two daughter chromosomes of the initial chromosome pair that have undergone the single-point crossover to the updated chromosome population (i.e., the current updated chromosome population); then, in the remaining chromosome pairs that have not undergone the single-point crossover, a two-point crossover operation can be performed on the genes of each pair of initial chromosomes with a second preset crossover probability (e.g., exchanging the initial chromosome pair [x1, y1, z1, Q1] and [x2, y2, z2, Q2] The first and fourth genes of the chromosome pairs [x1, y1, z1, Q1] and [x2, y2, z2, Q2] are crossed to obtain offspring [x2, y1, z1, Q2] and [x1, y2, z2, Q1]), so as to add the two offspring chromosomes of the initial chromosome pair that has undergone the 2-point crossover to the updated chromosome population; further, in the remaining initial chromosome pairs that have not undergone the single-point crossover or the 2-point crossover, a 3-point crossover operation can be performed on the genes of each pair of initial chromosomes with a third preset crossover probability (such as adding the initial The first, third, and fourth genes of the chromosome pairs [x1, y1, z1, Q1] and [x2, y2, z2, Q2] are crossovered to obtain offspring [x2, y1, z2, Q2] and [x1, y2, z1, Q1]), so that the two offspring chromosomes of the initial chromosome pair that have undergone the three-point crossover are added to the updated chromosome population; accordingly, if there are still paired initial chromosomes (i.e., initial chromosome pairs) that have not undergone the crossover operation, they are directly added to the updated chromosome population, that is, directly copied into the next generation. Optionally, the first preset crossover probability, the second preset crossover probability, and the third preset crossover probability can all be set according to experience or actual needs, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this; for example, the first preset crossover probability, the second preset crossover probability, and the third preset crossover probability can be 80%, 5%, and 3%, respectively, and so on.

[0088] Exemplarily, under the gene mutation strategy, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can perform a single-point mutation operation on the chromosomes in the updated chromosome population according to the first preset mutation probability to achieve a slight change in the gene at a single position in the chromosome, thereby using the chromosome that has undergone single-point mutation to update the corresponding chromosome in the updated chromosome population, such as adding 1 or subtracting 1 to the index of the gene at the corresponding position, or adding or subtracting a random number from the gene at the corresponding position, or multiplying the gene at the corresponding position by a random number (such as a random number within 0.5-1.5, etc.), etc.; the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific implementation method of the mutation operation; exemplarily, when the index of the gene at the emission source position is added by 1 or subtracted by 1, and the emission rate is changed within ±5% or ±50%, if the second gene of chromosome [x2, y5, z3, Q8] is subjected to a single-point mutation, the offspring [x2, y6, z3, Q8] may be obtained. Then, a two-point mutation operation can be performed on the remaining offspring chromosomes (i.e., chromosomes in the updating chromosome population that have not undergone single-point mutation) according to the second preset mutation probability. This operation involves making small changes to genes at two positions on the chromosome, and thus using the chromosome that has undergone the two-point mutation to update the corresponding chromosome in the updating chromosome population. For example, performing two-point mutations on the second and third genes of chromosome [x2, y5, z3, Q8] may result in the offspring [x2, y6, z2, Q8]. Correspondingly, a three-point mutation operation can be performed on the remaining offspring chromosomes (i.e., chromosomes in the updating chromosome population that have not undergone single-point mutation or two-point mutation) according to the third preset mutation probability. This operation involves making small changes to genes at three positions on the chromosome, and thus using the chromosome that has undergone the three-point mutation to update the corresponding chromosome in the updating chromosome population. For example, performing three-point mutations on the second, third, and fourth genes of chromosome [x2, y5, z3, Q8] may result in the offspring [x2, y6, z2, 1.4×Q8]. Furthermore, a four-point mutation operation can be performed on the remaining offspring chromosomes (i.e., chromosomes in the updated chromosome population that have not undergone single-point mutation, two-point mutation, or three-point mutation) according to a fourth preset mutation probability. This operation involves making small changes to the genes at four positions in the chromosome, and then using the chromosomes that have undergone the four-point mutation to update the corresponding chromosomes in the updated chromosome population. For example, performing a four-point mutation on chromosome [x2, y5, z3, Q8] may result in the offspring [x1, y6, z2, 1.2×Q8], and so on. Accordingly, the unmutated chromosomes can be directly retained to the next generation, i.e., retained in the updated chromosome population.

[0089] Furthermore, when determining the emission source location and / or emission rate of the target pollutant based on the target chromosome population, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can calculate the spatial distribution probability of the emission source location of each target chromosome based on the fitness of each target chromosome in the target chromosome population. That is, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can determine the fitness of each target chromosome to calculate the spatial distribution probability of the emission source location of each target chromosome; further, based on the spatial distribution probability of the emission source location of each target chromosome, at least one emission chromosome can be determined from the target chromosome population, and the emission source location and / or emission rate of the target pollutant can be determined based on at least one emission chromosome; wherein, the emission source location in an emission chromosome is an emission source location of the target pollutant, and / or the emission rate in an emission chromosome is the emission rate of the target pollutant at the emission source location indicated by the corresponding emission chromosome.

[0090] Optionally, for the hth target chromosome in the target chromosome population, h∈[1,N], the atmospheric pollutant emission source tracing device can use Formula 2.2 to calculate the spatial distribution probability of the emission source location of the hth target chromosome based on the fitness of the hth target chromosome:

[0091] Formula 2.2

[0092] Among them, F h Can be the fitness of the h-th target chromosome, F l Can be the first l The fitness of the target chromosome, P h It can be the spatial distribution probability of the emission source position of the h-th target chromosome.

[0093] Optionally, when determining at least one emission chromosome from the target chromosome population based on the spatial distribution probability of the emission source locations of each target chromosome, the target chromosome with the largest spatial distribution probability of the emission source location can be added to the at least one emission chromosome. At this time, the at least one emission chromosome may include the target chromosome with the largest spatial distribution probability of the emission source location; or, the number of emission chromosomes in at least one emission chromosome may be V, and the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device may determine the top V target chromosomes with the largest spatial distribution probability of the emission source location from the target chromosome population, and add the top V target chromosomes with the largest spatial distribution probability of the emission source location to at least one emission chromosome, so as to achieve the determination of at least one emission chromosome from the target chromosome population, where V is a positive integer, and so on.

[0094] Optionally, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can also directly determine at least one emission chromosome from the target chromosome population based on the fitness of each target chromosome in the target chromosome population, such as determining the top V target chromosomes with the largest fitness from the target chromosome population, and adding the determined top V target chromosomes with the largest fitness to at least one emission chromosome, and so on; this embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

[0095] Based on this, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can use the emission source location included in each emission chromosome in at least one emission chromosome as the emission source location of the target pollutant; and / or, can use the emission rate included in each emission chromosome in at least one emission chromosome as the emission rate of the target pollutant, that is, as the emission rate of the target pollutant at the corresponding emission source location. In summary, it can be seen that the embodiments of the present invention can indicate the emission tracing results of the target pollutant through the emission source location and / or emission rate of the target pollutant.

[0096] The embodiment of the present invention can determine the atmospheric diffusion coefficient and ground reflection coefficient of the target Gaussian model based on the tracer observation concentrations of the multiple observation points after obtaining the tracer observation concentrations and pollutant observation concentrations of the multiple observation points within a predetermined time range. Then, an initial chromosome population can be generated, and for any initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population, the pollutant calculation concentrations of the multiple observation points under any initial chromosome can be determined based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, the ground reflection coefficient, the target Gaussian model and any initial chromosome. Based on this, the fitness of any initial chromosome can be determined based on the pollutant observation concentrations of the multiple observation points and the pollutant calculation concentrations of the multiple observation points under any initial chromosome to obtain the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population. Furthermore, the target chromosome population can be determined based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, and the emission source location and / or emission rate of the target pollutant can be determined based on the target chromosome population. It can be seen that the embodiments of the present invention can couple the Gaussian model with the evolutionary algorithm to optimize the emission intensity and positioning of pollution sources to calculate the spatial probability distribution of pollution sources, thereby improving the accuracy of tracing the sources of atmospheric pollutant emissions; in addition, the embodiments of the present invention involve low costs and small workloads, and can be applied to business-based leakage detection and sudden emergency prevention and control of atmospheric pollution. In other words, the embodiments of the present invention can conveniently trace the sources of atmospheric pollutant emissions.

[0097] Based on the description of the relevant embodiments of the above-mentioned atmospheric pollutant emission tracing method, the embodiment of the present invention further proposes an atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device, which can be a computer program (including program code) running in the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device; Figure 6As shown, the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device may include an acquisition unit 601 and a processing unit 602. The atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device may execute Figure 1 or Figure 5 The air pollutant emission tracing method shown, that is, the air pollutant emission tracing device can operate the above units:

[0098] An acquisition unit 601 is used to acquire the tracer observed concentration and the pollutant observed concentration at multiple observation points within a predetermined time range;

[0099] A processing unit 602 is configured to determine an atmospheric diffusion coefficient and a ground reflection coefficient of a target Gaussian model based on the tracer observation concentrations at the plurality of observation points;

[0100] The processing unit 602 is further configured to generate an initial chromosome population, and determine the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, the ground reflectance coefficient, the observed pollutant concentrations at the multiple observation points, and the target Gaussian model;

[0101] The processing unit 602 is further configured to determine a target chromosome population based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, and determine the emission source location and / or emission rate of a target pollutant based on the target chromosome population.

[0102] In one embodiment, a chromosome includes an emission source location and an emission rate; when the processing unit 602 determines the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, the ground reflectance coefficient, the observed pollutant concentrations at the multiple observation points, and the target Gaussian model, it can be specifically used to:

[0103] For any initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population, determining the calculated concentrations of pollutants at the multiple observation points under the any initial chromosome based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, the ground reflectance coefficient, the target Gaussian model, and the any initial chromosome;

[0104] Based on the pollutant observation concentrations of the multiple observation points and the pollutant calculated concentrations of the multiple observation points under the any initial chromosome, the fitness of the any initial chromosome is determined to obtain the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population.

[0105] In another embodiment, when determining the target chromosome population based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, the processing unit 602 may be specifically configured to:

[0106] Determining a preset genetic evolution strategy, and performing population updating on the initial chromosome population based on the fitness of each of the initial chromosomes according to the preset genetic evolution strategy to obtain an updated chromosome population;

[0107] When the updated chromosome population does not reach the convergence condition, the updated chromosome population is continuously updated until the convergence condition is reached, and the updated chromosome population when the convergence condition is reached is used as the target chromosome population.

[0108] In another embodiment, a chromosome includes an emission source location and an emission rate; when the processing unit 602 determines the emission source location and / or emission rate of the target pollutant based on the target chromosome population, it can be specifically used to:

[0109] Calculating the spatial distribution probability of the emission source position of each target chromosome based on the fitness of each target chromosome in the target chromosome population;

[0110] Based on the spatial distribution probability of the emission source positions of each target chromosome, at least one emission chromosome is determined from the target chromosome population, and the emission source position and / or emission rate of the target pollutant is determined based on the at least one emission chromosome; wherein, the emission source position in an emission chromosome is an emission source position of the target pollutant, and / or the emission rate in an emission chromosome is the emission rate of the target pollutant at the emission source position indicated by the corresponding emission chromosome.

[0111] In another embodiment, a chromosome includes an emission source location and an emission rate, an emission source location includes coordinate values ​​in each of a plurality of location coordinate directions, and the number of chromosomes in a chromosome population is N, where N is a positive integer; when generating the initial chromosome population, the processing unit 602 may be specifically configured to:

[0112] Determining a chromosome coordinate generation range in each position coordinate direction, and generating a coordinate value of each chromosome in the N chromosomes in each position coordinate direction according to the chromosome coordinate generation range in each position coordinate direction, so as to determine the coordinate value of each chromosome in each position coordinate direction;

[0113] Determine a chromosome emission rate generation range, and generate an emission rate for each chromosome according to the chromosome emission rate generation range, thereby obtaining the N chromosomes; and use each chromosome as an initial chromosome to generate an initial chromosome population.

[0114] In another embodiment, when determining the chromosome emission rate generation range, the processing unit 602 may be specifically configured to:

[0115] Determine the location of the pending emission source and the background value series of pollutant concentrations;

[0116] Determining an emission rate reference value based on the location of the undetermined emission source, the observed pollutant concentrations at the multiple observation points, the pollutant concentration background value sequence, and the target Gaussian model;

[0117] Based on the emission rate reference value, a chromosome emission rate generation range is determined.

[0118] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 Each unit in the shown atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can be individually or completely combined into one or several other units to form a structure, or one (or some) of the units can be further divided into multiple functionally smaller units to form a structure, which can achieve the same operation without affecting the realization of the technical effects of the embodiments of the present invention. The above-mentioned units are divided based on logical functions. In actual applications, the functions of one unit can also be realized by multiple units, or the functions of multiple units can be realized by one unit. In other embodiments of the present invention, any atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device can also include other units. In actual applications, these functions can also be assisted by other units to achieve, and can be achieved by the collaboration of multiple units.

[0119] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the program can be executed by running a program on a general electronic device such as a computer including a central processing unit (CPU), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), and other processing elements and storage elements. Figure 1 or Figure 5 The computer program (including program code) of each step involved in the corresponding method shown in is constructed as follows Figure 6 The atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device shown in , and the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing method according to the embodiment of the present invention are implemented. The computer program can be recorded on, for example, a computer storage medium, and loaded into the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device via the computer storage medium and run therein.

[0120] Based on the description of the above method and apparatus embodiments, exemplary embodiments of the present invention further provide an atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor. The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and when executed by the at least one processor, the computer program causes the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device to perform a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0121] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions, which is applied to a mobile vehicle. The system includes:

[0122] Sampling tube;

[0123] A transmission device, fixed to the traveling vehicle, for driving the sampling port of the sampling tube to reciprocate in a vertical direction;

[0124] A gas analyzer, wherein the gas inlet of the gas analyzer is connected to the gas outlet of the sampling tube, and is used to analyze the gas collected by the sampling tube in real time to obtain the tracer observation concentration and the pollutant observation concentration at observation points at multiple vertical heights;

[0125] Such as the atmospheric pollutant emission tracing device mentioned above.

[0126] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention further provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor of a computer, is used to cause the computer to perform a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0127] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor of a computer, the computer is configured to cause the computer to perform a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0128] refer to Figure 7 , a block diagram of an electronic device 700 that can serve as a server or client of the present invention will now be described, which is an example of a hardware device that can be applied to various aspects of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital electronic computer devices, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or required herein.

[0129] like Figure 7As shown, electronic device 700 includes a computing unit 701, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 702 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 708 into a random access memory (RAM) 703. Various programs and data required for the operation of electronic device 700 may also be stored in RAM 703. Computing unit 701, ROM 702, and RAM 703 are interconnected via a bus 704. An input / output (I / O) interface 705 is also connected to bus 704.

[0130] Multiple components within electronic device 700 are connected to I / O interface 705, including an input unit 706, an output unit 707, a storage unit 708, and a communication unit 709. Input unit 706 can be any type of device capable of inputting information into electronic device 700. Input unit 706 can receive input numeric or character information and generate key input signals related to user settings and / or function control of the electronic device. Output unit 707 can be any type of device capable of presenting information and may include, but is not limited to, a display, a speaker, a video / audio output terminal, a vibrator, and / or a printer. Storage unit 708 may include, but is not limited to, a magnetic disk or an optical disk. Communication unit 709 allows electronic device 700 to exchange information / data with other devices via computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks and may include, but is not limited to, a modem, a network card, an infrared communication device, a wireless communication transceiver and / or a chipset, such as a Bluetooth™ device, a WiFi device, a WiMax device, a cellular communication device, and / or the like.

[0131] The computing unit 701 can be various general-purpose and / or specialized processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 701 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units that run machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 701 performs the various methods and processes described above. For example, in some embodiments, the atmospheric pollutant emission source tracing method can be implemented as a computer software program that is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as the storage unit 708. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 700 via the ROM 702 and / or the communication unit 709. In some embodiments, the computing unit 701 can be configured to perform the atmospheric pollutant emission source tracing method by any other appropriate means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0132] The program code for implementing the method of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. Such program code can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device so that when the program code is executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0133] In the context of the present invention, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or apparatus. A machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media may include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0134] As used herein, the terms "machine-readable medium" and "computer-readable medium" refer to any computer program product, apparatus, and / or device (e.g., a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a memory, a programmable logic device (PLD)) for providing machine instructions and / or data to a programmable processor, including machine-readable media that receive machine instructions as machine-readable signals. The term "machine-readable signal" refers to any signal used to provide machine instructions and / or data to a programmable processor.

[0135] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0136] Furthermore, it should be understood that the above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for measuring atmospheric pollutant emissions, applied to a mobile vehicle, characterized in that: The system comprises: Sampling tube; A transmission device, fixed to the traveling vehicle, for driving the sampling port of the sampling tube to reciprocate in a vertical direction; a position detection sensor for generating a position indication signal when the sampling port moves to a predetermined vertical height; A control device for controlling the movement speed of the transmission device; the movement speed and the position indication signal are used to determine the vertical height of the sampling port at each observation time; A gas analyzer, wherein the gas inlet of the gas analyzer is connected to the gas outlet of the sampling tube, and is used to analyze the gas collected by the sampling tube in real time to obtain the tracer observation concentration and the pollutant observation concentration at observation points at multiple vertical heights; Air pollutant emission tracing device, including: An acquisition unit, configured to acquire tracer observation concentrations and pollutant observation concentrations at a plurality of observation points within a predetermined time range; a processing unit, configured to determine an atmospheric diffusion coefficient and a ground reflection coefficient of a target Gaussian model based on the tracer observation concentrations at the plurality of observation points; The processing unit is further used to generate an initial chromosome population, including: a chromosome including an emission source position and an emission rate, an emission source position including coordinate values ​​in each of a plurality of position coordinate directions, and the number of chromosomes in a chromosome population is N, where N is a positive integer; determining a chromosome coordinate generation range in each of the position coordinate directions, and generating coordinate values ​​of each chromosome in the N chromosomes in each of the position coordinate directions according to the chromosome coordinate generation range in each of the position coordinate directions, so as to determine the coordinate values ​​of each chromosome in each of the position coordinate directions; determining a chromosome emission rate generation range, and generating an emission rate for each chromosome according to the chromosome emission rate generation range, thereby obtaining the N chromosomes; and taking each of the chromosomes as an initial chromosome to generate an initial chromosome population; The processing unit is further configured to determine, for any initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population, based on the atmospheric diffusion coefficient, the ground reflectance coefficient, the target Gaussian model, and the any initial chromosome, the calculated concentrations of pollutants at the multiple observation points under the any initial chromosome; determine the fitness of the any initial chromosome based on the observed pollutant concentrations of the multiple observation points and the calculated pollutant concentrations of the multiple observation points under the any initial chromosome, so as to obtain the fitness of each initial chromosome in the initial chromosome population; The processing unit is further configured to determine a target chromosome population based on the fitness of each initial chromosome, and determine the emission source location and / or emission rate of a target pollutant based on the target chromosome population.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The position detection sensor comprises: The shading plate is driven by the transmission device to reciprocate in the vertical direction. A photoelectric switch is fixed at the predetermined vertical height and is used to generate the position indication signal when the light shielding plate moves to the predetermined vertical height.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The processing unit is specifically configured to: Determining a preset genetic evolution strategy, and performing population updating on the initial chromosome population based on the fitness of each of the initial chromosomes according to the preset genetic evolution strategy to obtain an updated chromosome population; When the updated chromosome population does not reach the convergence condition, the updated chromosome population is continuously updated until the convergence condition is reached, and the updated chromosome population when the convergence condition is reached is used as the target chromosome population.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The processing unit is specifically configured to: Calculating the spatial distribution probability of the emission source position of each target chromosome based on the fitness of each target chromosome in the target chromosome population; Based on the spatial distribution probability of the emission source positions of each target chromosome, at least one emission chromosome is determined from the target chromosome population, and the emission source position and / or emission rate of the target pollutant is determined based on the at least one emission chromosome; wherein, the emission source position in an emission chromosome is an emission source position of the target pollutant, and / or the emission rate in an emission chromosome is the emission rate of the target pollutant at the emission source position indicated by the corresponding emission chromosome.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The processing unit is specifically configured to: Determine the location of the pending emission source and the background value series of pollutant concentrations; Determining an emission rate reference value based on the location of the undetermined emission source, the observed pollutant concentrations at the multiple observation points, the pollutant concentration background value sequence, and the target Gaussian model; Based on the emission rate reference value, a chromosome emission rate generation range is determined.

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