Thermal management system of hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system, which comprises a comprehensive heat dissipation module, a main heat dissipation loop and a main branch pipeline, and is characterized in that the comprehensive heat dissipation module comprises a main heat dissipation device and at least one heat dissipation fan; all the cooling fans are arranged on any side of the main radiator; the main heat dissipation loop is provided with an electric pile, and the main heat dissipation loop is circularly communicated with the electric pile and the main radiator; the main branch pipeline is provided with an intercooler; and two ends of the main branch pipeline are respectively communicated with a cooling outlet and a cooling inlet of the electric pile. High-temperature cooling liquid flowing out of the cooling outlet flows into the main radiator along the main heat dissipation loop and exchanges heat, the main radiator exchanges heat with low-temperature airflow blown out by all the heat dissipation fans at the same time, the generated low-temperature cooling liquid is divided into two paths, one path flows back into the galvanic pile from the cooling inlet along the main heat dissipation loop, and the other path flows back into the galvanic pile from the cooling outlet along the main heat dissipation loop. And the other path flows into the intercooler along the main branch pipeline, exchanges heat with the electric pile and the intercooler, and then converges and flows into the main heat dissipation loop so as to flow to the main heat dissipation device. The system is simple in structure and small in occupied space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells have the advantages of conversion efficiency, environmental protection, wide fuel sources, low operating temperature, and rapid start and stop, and have become a research hotspot in the energy field. The normal operating temperature range of hydrogen fuel cells is about 70~80℃, and its electrical efficiency is between 40% and 60%, which means that hydrogen fuel cells will release 60%~40% heat while generating electricity. Unlike traditional internal combustion engines and lithium batteries, the heat carried away by the reaction gas and radiation heat exchange account for a very small proportion. 96% of the heat generated by hydrogen fuel cells will be dissipated through the thermal management system.

[0003] Due to the characteristics of the battery stack, the coolant for internal cooling requires very low conductivity. The thermal management system generally needs to design the battery stack and intercooler separately in a main cooling circuit, using a coolant containing deionized water for cooling, and design auxiliary components such as DC / DC converters, air compressors, and air compressor controllers in an auxiliary cooling circuit, using ordinary coolant for cooling. However, since the main cooling circuit and the auxiliary cooling circuit each need to be equipped with a set of water pumps, fans, radiators and other components, the structure of the entire thermal management system is too complicated and occupies a large space. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system. When the high-temperature coolant in the fuel cell stack flows through the main radiator, the main radiator and the low-temperature airflow blown out by all the cooling fans undergo heat exchange, and the cooling effect is significant. The structure is relatively simple and occupies less space, which solves the technical problems of the existing hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system that the structure is relatively complex and occupies a large space.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system, comprising:

[0006] An integrated heat dissipation module, the integrated heat dissipation module includes a main heat sink and at least one heat dissipation fan; all heat dissipation fans are arranged on either side of the main heat sink, and all heat dissipation fans are used to drive low-temperature airflow to flow through the main heat sink;

[0007] A main heat dissipation circuit, wherein the main heat dissipation circuit is provided with a battery stack, and the main heat dissipation circuit circulates and connects the battery stack and the main radiator;

[0008] A main branch pipeline, wherein the main branch pipeline is provided with an intercooler; both ends of the main branch pipeline are respectively connected to the cooling outlet and the cooling inlet of the fuel cell stack;

[0009] The high-temperature coolant flowing out of the cooling outlet flows into the main radiator along the main heat dissipation circuit and exchanges heat with the main radiator. The main radiator also exchanges heat with the low-temperature airflow blown out by all the cooling fans. The low-temperature coolant generated after heat exchange with the main radiator is divided into two paths. One path flows back into the fuel cell stack along the cooling inlet of the main heat dissipation circuit, and the other path flows into the intercooler along the main branch pipeline. After heat exchange with the fuel cell stack and the intercooler, it converges and flows into the main heat dissipation circuit to flow to the main radiator.

[0010] Preferably, the main heat dissipation circuit includes a main liquid outlet pipeline connected to the cooling outlet, a main heat dissipation pipeline connected to the liquid inlet of the main radiator, and a main liquid inlet pipeline connected between the cooling inlet and the liquid outlet of the main radiator, and the main liquid inlet pipeline is provided with a main water pump; and further includes:

[0011] A main heating pipeline, the main heating pipeline is provided with a main heater, one end of the main heating pipeline is respectively connected to the main liquid outlet pipeline and the main heat dissipation pipeline through a main switching valve, and the other end is connected to the main air intake pipeline;

[0012] When the ambient temperature of the battery stack is lower than the first set temperature, the main switching valve switches to the first position, and the main switching valve connects the main liquid outlet pipeline and the main heating pipeline; the low-temperature coolant flowing out of the cooling outlet flows along the main liquid outlet pipeline into the main heating pipeline, and after being heated by the main heater, it flows into the main liquid inlet pipeline driven by the main water pump, and flows into the battery stack through the cooling inlet;

[0013] When the actual temperature of the cooling outlet reaches the first set temperature, the main switching valve switches to the second position, and the main switching valve connects the main liquid outlet pipeline with the main heat dissipation pipeline; the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the cooling outlet flows into the main radiator along the main liquid outlet pipeline and the main heat dissipation pipeline in turn, exchanges heat with the main radiator, and the low-temperature coolant generated after the heat exchange flows into the main liquid inlet pipeline, and is driven by the main water pump to be divided into two paths, one path continues to flow back into the fuel cell stack from the cooling inlet along the main liquid inlet pipeline, and the other path flows into the intercooler along the main branch pipeline, and after heat exchange with the fuel cell stack and the intercooler, it converges and flows into the main liquid outlet pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes:

[0015] A main outlet temperature detection component is provided at the cooling outlet and is used to detect whether the actual temperature of the cooling outlet is higher than the first set temperature; the main outlet temperature detection component and the main switching valve are respectively connected to the controller;

[0016] When the main outlet temperature detection component detects that the actual temperature of the cooling outlet is higher than the first set temperature, the main outlet temperature detection component feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a signal to the main switching valve after judgment and processing, controlling the main switching valve to switch to the second position.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes:

[0018] Alarm, which is used to sound an alarm;

[0019] A main inlet temperature detection element, which is arranged at the cooling inlet and is used to detect whether the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is higher than the second set temperature; the main inlet temperature detection element and the alarm are connected to the controller;

[0020] When the main inlet temperature detection component detects that the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is higher than the second set temperature, the main inlet temperature detection component feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a signal to the alarm after judgment and processing, thereby activating the alarm.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes:

[0022] The main water supply pipeline is connected with the main liquid inlet pipeline; the main water supply pipeline is provided with a main water tank and a main water supply valve;

[0023] The main inlet pressure detection component is arranged at the cooling inlet and is used to detect whether the actual pressure of the cooling inlet exceeds the set pressure range; the main inlet pressure detection component and the main water supply valve are both connected to the controller;

[0024] When the main inlet pressure detection device detects that the actual pressure of the cooling inlet exceeds the set pressure range, the main inlet pressure detection device feeds back a signal to the controller. After judgment and processing, the controller sends a signal to the main water supply valve to control the main water supply valve to open, and the main water tank replenishes coolant to the main liquid inlet pipeline through the main water supply pipeline.

[0025] Preferably, it also includes:

[0026] The main filter is arranged in the main liquid outlet pipeline, and the main liquid outlet pipeline is used to filter out impurities in the main liquid outlet pipeline.

[0027] Preferably, the heat dissipation fan includes at least one first fan, and the integrated heat dissipation module further includes an auxiliary heat sink opposite to the at least one first fan; and further includes:

[0028] An auxiliary heat dissipation circuit, wherein the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit is provided with an auxiliary component, and the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit is cyclically connected between the auxiliary radiator and the auxiliary component;

[0029] Auxiliary branch pipeline, the auxiliary branch pipeline is provided with a DC / DC converter, and both ends of the auxiliary branch pipeline are respectively connected to the auxiliary outlet and the auxiliary inlet of the auxiliary component;

[0030] The high-temperature coolant flowing out of the auxiliary outlet flows into the auxiliary radiator along the auxiliary heat dissipation loop and exchanges heat with the auxiliary radiator. The auxiliary radiator simultaneously exchanges heat with the low-temperature airflow blown out by the first fan. The low-temperature airflow flowing through the auxiliary radiator is heated up and then flows through the main radiator and exchanges heat with the main radiator. The low-temperature coolant generated after heat exchange with the auxiliary radiator is divided into two paths, one path flows into the auxiliary component from the auxiliary inlet along the auxiliary heat dissipation loop, and the other path flows into the DC / DC converter along the auxiliary branch pipeline. After heat exchange with the auxiliary component and the DC / DC converter, it converges and flows into the auxiliary heat dissipation loop to flow to the auxiliary radiator.

[0031] Preferably, the length of the auxiliary radiator is shorter than that of the main radiator, and the auxiliary radiator partially overlaps with the outer side surface of the main radiator; the first fan is opposite to the auxiliary radiator; the low-temperature airflow blown by the first fan flows through the auxiliary radiator and the main radiator in sequence;

[0032] Preferably, it also includes:

[0033] The auxiliary inlet temperature detection element is arranged at the auxiliary inlet and is used to detect whether the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is higher than the third set temperature; the auxiliary inlet temperature detection element and the alarm are both connected to the controller;

[0034] When the auxiliary inlet temperature detection component detects that the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is higher than the third set temperature, the auxiliary inlet temperature detection component feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a signal to the alarm after judgment and processing, thereby activating the alarm.

[0035] Preferably, the controller comprises:

[0036] A temperature judgment module, the temperature judgment module is connected to the main inlet temperature detection element and the auxiliary inlet temperature detection element; when both the main inlet temperature detection element and the auxiliary inlet temperature detection element feed back signals to the temperature judgment module, the temperature judgment module judges whether the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is lower than the second set temperature, and judges whether the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is lower than the third set temperature;

[0037] A speed regulating module, the speed regulating module is respectively connected to all cooling fans and the temperature judging module;

[0038] When the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is lower than the second set temperature and the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is lower than the third set temperature, the speed regulating module sends a signal to all the cooling fans according to the signal fed back by the temperature judging module to adjust the speeds of all the cooling fans to zero;

[0039] When the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is not lower than the second set temperature or the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is not lower than the third set temperature, the speed adjustment module sends a signal to all cooling fans according to the signal fed back by the temperature judgment module to adjust the speed of all cooling fans until the actual temperature of the cooling inlet reaches the second set temperature and the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet reaches the third set temperature.

[0040] Preferably, the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit includes an auxiliary liquid outlet pipeline connected between the auxiliary outlet and the liquid inlet of the auxiliary radiator and an auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline connected between the auxiliary inlet and the liquid outlet of the auxiliary radiator; and further includes:

[0041] Auxiliary water supply pipeline, the auxiliary water supply pipeline is connected with the auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline; the auxiliary water supply pipeline is provided with an auxiliary water tank and an auxiliary water supply valve;

[0042] Auxiliary inlet pressure detection component, which is arranged at the auxiliary inlet and is used to detect whether the actual pressure of the auxiliary inlet exceeds the specified pressure range; the auxiliary inlet pressure detection component and the auxiliary water supply valve are both connected to the controller;

[0043] When the auxiliary inlet pressure detection device detects that the actual pressure of the auxiliary inlet exceeds the specified pressure range, the auxiliary inlet pressure detection device feeds back a signal to the controller. After judgment and processing, the controller sends a signal to the auxiliary water supply valve to control the auxiliary water supply valve to open, and the auxiliary water tank replenishes coolant to the auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline through the auxiliary water supply pipeline.

[0044] Compared with the background technology, the present invention provides an optimization of the thermal management system of a hydrogen fuel cell. The optimized thermal management system of a hydrogen fuel cell includes an integrated heat dissipation module, a main heat dissipation circuit and a main branch pipeline. The integrated heat dissipation module includes a main radiator and at least one heat dissipation fan; all heat dissipation fans are arranged on either side of the main radiator; the main heat dissipation circuit is provided with a stack, and the main heat dissipation circuit circulates and connects the stack and the main radiator; the main branch pipeline is provided with an intercooler; the two ends of the main branch pipeline are respectively connected to the cooling outlet and the cooling inlet of the stack;

[0045] After the high-temperature coolant in the battery stack flows out from the cooling outlet, it flows into the main radiator along the main heat dissipation circuit, and the high-temperature coolant exchanges heat in the main radiator. At the same time, the main radiator exchanges heat with the low-temperature airflow blown out by all the heat dissipation fans. The high-temperature coolant becomes low-temperature coolant after heat exchange with the main radiator. The low-temperature coolant flows from the main radiator into the main heat dissipation circuit and is divided into two paths. One path flows back into the battery stack along the cooling inlet of the main heat dissipation circuit, and the low-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the battery stack; the other path flows into the intercooler along the main branch pipeline, and the low-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the intercooler. The low-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the battery stack and the intercooler at the same time, and then heats up to become high-temperature coolant. The high-temperature coolant then converges and flows into the main heat dissipation circuit and flows to the main radiator, so that the main heat dissipation circuit realizes circulating heat dissipation.

[0046] When the high-temperature coolant in the fuel cell stack flows through the main radiator in the present invention, the main radiator and the low-temperature airflow blown out by all the cooling fans exchange heat to cool the high-temperature coolant. The cooling effect is significant, the structure is simple, and the space occupied is small. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 A working principle diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system provided by a first specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 A working principle diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system provided by a second specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0051] Comprehensive heat dissipation module 100, main heat dissipation loop 200 and auxiliary heat dissipation loop 300;

[0052] A main radiator 101, a cooling fan 102 and an auxiliary radiator 103;

[0053] A first fan 1021, a second fan 1022 and a third fan 1023;

[0054] Fuel stack 201, main branch pipeline 202, intercooler 203, main liquid outlet pipeline 204, main heat dissipation pipeline 205, main liquid inlet pipeline 206, main water pump 207, main heating pipeline 208, main heater 209, main switching valve 210, main outlet temperature detection element 211, main inlet temperature detection element 212, main water supply pipeline 213, main water tank 214, main inlet pressure detection element 215, main filter 216;

[0055] Auxiliary components 301, auxiliary branch pipeline 302, DC / DC converter 303, auxiliary inlet temperature detection element 304, auxiliary liquid outlet pipeline 305, auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 306, auxiliary water pump 307, auxiliary water supply pipeline 308 and auxiliary water tank 309;

[0056] Air compressor 3011 and air compressor controller 3012. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0059] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, it includes an integrated heat dissipation module 100, a main heat dissipation circuit 200 and a main branch pipeline 202. The integrated heat dissipation module 100 includes a main radiator 101 and at least one heat dissipation fan 102; all heat dissipation fans 102 are arranged on either side of the main radiator 101, and all heat dissipation fans 102 are used to drive low-temperature airflow to flow through the main radiator 101. The structure and working principle of the main radiator 101 can be specifically referred to the prior art.

[0060] In the first specific embodiment, all the heat dissipation fans 102 adopt blowing type heat dissipation, and all the heat dissipation fans 102 are arranged on the low-temperature airflow side, and all the heat dissipation fans 102 are specifically arranged on the side of the main radiator 101 close to the auxiliary radiator 103. A flow air duct is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fans 102, and the low-temperature airflow is driven to flow through the auxiliary radiator 103 and the main radiator 101 in sequence in a forced convection manner. The temperature of the low-temperature airflow passing through the auxiliary radiator 103 is generally below 65°C.

[0061] The main heat dissipation circuit 200 is provided with a fuel cell stack 201 , and the main heat dissipation circuit 200 circulates and connects the fuel cell stack 201 and the main radiator 101 ; the main branch pipeline 202 is provided with an intercooler 203 ; the two ends of the main branch pipeline 202 are respectively connected to the cooling outlet and the cooling inlet of the fuel cell stack 201 .

[0062] After the high-temperature coolant in the battery stack 201 flows out from the cooling outlet, it flows into the main radiator 101 along the main heat dissipation circuit 200, and the high-temperature coolant performs heat exchange in the main radiator 101. At the same time, the main radiator 101 performs heat exchange with the low-temperature airflow blown out by all the heat dissipation fans 102. The high-temperature coolant becomes low-temperature coolant after heat exchange with the main radiator 101. The low-temperature coolant flows into the main heat dissipation circuit 200 from the main radiator 101 and is divided into two paths. One path flows back into the battery stack 201 from the cooling inlet along the main heat dissipation circuit 200, and the low-temperature coolant performs heat exchange with the battery stack 201; the other path flows into the intercooler 203 along the main branch pipeline 202, and the low-temperature coolant performs heat exchange with the intercooler 203; the low-temperature coolant simultaneously exchanges heat with the battery stack 201 and the intercooler 203, and then heats up to become high-temperature coolant, and the high-temperature coolant converges and flows into the main heat dissipation circuit 200, and flows to the main radiator 101, so that the main heat dissipation circuit 200 realizes circulating heat dissipation.

[0063] When the high-temperature coolant in the battery stack 201 of the present invention flows through the main radiator 101, the main radiator 101 and the low-temperature airflow blown out by all the cooling fans 102 exchange heat to cool the high-temperature coolant. The cooling effect is significant, the structure is simple, and the space occupied is small.

[0064] The main heat dissipation circuit 200 is divided into three sections, including a main liquid outlet pipeline 204 connected to the cooling outlet, a main heat dissipation pipeline 205 connected to the liquid inlet of the main radiator 101, and a main liquid inlet pipeline 206 connected between the cooling inlet and the liquid outlet of the main radiator 101. The main liquid inlet pipeline 206 is provided with a main water pump 207.

[0065] The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system further includes a main filter 216 , which is disposed in the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 and is used to filter out impurities in the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 .

[0066] The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system also includes a main heating pipeline 208, which is provided with a main heater 209. One end of the main heating pipeline 208 is connected to the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 and the main heat dissipation pipeline 205 respectively through a main switching valve 210, and the other end is connected to the main air intake pipeline.

[0067] When the ambient temperature of the stack 201 is lower than the first set temperature, the main switching valve 210 switches to the first position, and the main switching valve 210 connects the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 and the main heating pipeline 208; the low-temperature coolant flowing out of the cooling outlet of the stack 201 flows into the main liquid outlet pipeline 204, and after being filtered by the main filter 216, flows into the main heating pipeline 208 along the main liquid outlet pipeline 204, and after being heated by the main heater 209, it flows into the main liquid inlet pipeline 206 driven by the main water pump 207, and flows into the stack 201 through the cooling inlet, and heats the stack 201 until the actual temperature of the cooling outlet of the stack 201 reaches the first set temperature. At the same time, no coolant flows in the main radiator 101, and coolant flows in the auxiliary radiator 103, that is, the main radiator 101 stops working, and the auxiliary radiator 103 works normally; all cooling fans 102 still operate according to the PID control algorithm.

[0068] When the actual temperature of the cooling outlet reaches the first set temperature, the main switching valve 210 switches to the second position, and the main switching valve 210 connects the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 and the main heat dissipation pipeline 205; the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the cooling outlet is filtered by the main filter 216, and then flows into the main radiator 101 along the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 and the main heat dissipation pipeline 205 in turn, and exchanges heat with the main radiator 101. The main radiator 101 simultaneously exchanges heat with the low-temperature airflow blown out by all the heat dissipation fans 102. The low-temperature coolant generated after heat exchange with the main radiator 101 flows into the main liquid inlet pipeline 206, and is driven by the main water pump 207 to be divided into two paths. One path continues to flow back into the fuel cell stack 201 from the cooling inlet along the main liquid inlet pipeline 206, and the other path flows into the intercooler 203 along the main branch pipeline 202. After heat exchange with the fuel cell stack 201 and the intercooler 203, it is filtered by the main filter 216 and then converges into the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 for the next cycle. The first set temperature in this article refers to the critical temperature for the normal operation of the fuel cell stack 201.

[0069] The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system further includes a main outlet temperature detection member 211, which is disposed at the cooling outlet and is used to detect whether the actual temperature of the cooling outlet is higher than the first set temperature. The main outlet temperature detection member 211 may specifically be a temperature sensor. The main outlet temperature detection member 211 and the main switching valve 210 are respectively connected to the controller.

[0070] When the main outlet temperature detection component 211 detects that the actual temperature of the cooling outlet is higher than the first set temperature, the main outlet temperature detection component 211 feeds back a signal to the controller. After judgment and processing, the controller sends a signal to the main switching valve 210 to control the main switching valve 210 to automatically switch to the second position, so that the main switching valve 210 connects the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 and the main heat dissipation pipeline 205.

[0071] The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system also includes an alarm and a main inlet temperature detection member 212, wherein the alarm is used to sound an alarm. The main inlet temperature detection member 212 is provided at the cooling inlet and is used to detect whether the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is higher than the second set temperature. The main inlet temperature detection member 212 can specifically be a temperature sensor. The main inlet temperature detection member 212 and the alarm are connected to the controller.

[0072] When the main inlet temperature detection element 212 detects that the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is higher than the second set temperature, the main inlet temperature detection element 212 feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller judges and processes and sends a signal to the alarm, automatically starting the alarm to remind the maintenance personnel to perform corresponding fault processing. The second set temperature in this article refers to the maximum temperature value of the coolant that can flow into the cooling inlet of the stack 201.

[0073] The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system also includes a main water supply pipeline 213 and a main inlet pressure detection component 215. The main water supply pipeline 213 is connected to the main liquid inlet pipeline 206; the main water supply pipeline 213 is provided with a main water tank 214 and a main water supply valve. The main water supply valve is specifically a solenoid valve. The main inlet pressure detection component 215 is arranged at the cooling inlet and is used to detect whether the actual pressure of the cooling inlet exceeds the set pressure range. The main inlet pressure detection component 215 can specifically be a pressure sensor. The main inlet pressure detection component 215 and the main water supply valve are both connected to the controller.

[0074] When the main inlet pressure detection component 215 detects that the actual pressure of the cooling inlet exceeds the set pressure range, the main inlet pressure detection component 215 feeds back a signal to the controller. After judgment and processing, the controller sends a signal to the main water supply valve to control the main water supply valve to open automatically. The main water tank 214 automatically replenishes coolant with the main liquid inlet pipeline 206 through the main water supply pipeline 213 to ensure the pressure stability of the main cooling circuit 200.

[0075] The heat dissipation fan 102 includes at least one first fan 1021, at least one second fan 1022 and at least one third fan 1023, wherein all the first fans 1021 are opposite to the auxiliary radiator 103; all the second fans 1022 and all the third fans 1023 are only opposite to the main radiator 101. As a preferred embodiment, only one first fan 1021 is opposite to the auxiliary radiator 103; of course, multiple first fans 1021 can also be arranged side by side to be opposite to the auxiliary radiator 103. The number of the first fans 1021 can be adjusted according to the specifications of the auxiliary radiator 103, and no specific limitation is made here. The number of the second fans 1022 and the third fans 1023 can be adjusted according to the specifications of the main radiator 101, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0076] The integrated heat dissipation module 100 also includes an auxiliary radiator 103 opposite to at least one first fan 1021, and the auxiliary radiator 103 is used to dissipate heat for the auxiliary component 301. The structure and working principle of the auxiliary radiator 103 can refer to the prior art. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system also includes an auxiliary heat dissipation loop 300 and an auxiliary branch pipeline 302. The auxiliary heat dissipation loop 300 is provided with an auxiliary component 301, and the auxiliary component 301 includes an air compressor 3011 and an air compressor controller 3012. The auxiliary heat dissipation loop 300 circulates and connects the auxiliary radiator 103 and the auxiliary component 301. The auxiliary branch pipeline 302 is provided with a DC / DC converter 303, and the two ends of the auxiliary branch pipeline 302 are respectively connected to the auxiliary outlet and the auxiliary inlet of the auxiliary component 301.

[0077] After the high-temperature coolant in the auxiliary component 301 flows out from the auxiliary outlet, it flows into the auxiliary radiator 103 along the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit 300, and the high-temperature coolant performs heat exchange in the auxiliary radiator 103. At the same time, the auxiliary radiator 103 performs heat exchange with the low-temperature airflow blown out by the first fan 1021. The low-temperature airflow flowing through the auxiliary radiator 103 is heated up and then flows through the main radiator 101, and performs heat exchange with the main radiator 101, so as to cool down the main radiator 101 and realize gradient heat dissipation; the high-temperature coolant is converted into low-temperature coolant after heat exchange with the auxiliary radiator 103, and the low-temperature coolant flows out of the auxiliary radiator 103. After entering the auxiliary heat dissipation loop 300, it is divided into two paths. One path flows back into the auxiliary component 301 from the auxiliary inlet along the auxiliary heat dissipation loop 300, and the low-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the auxiliary component 301; the other path flows into the DC / DC converter 303 along the auxiliary branch pipeline 302, and the low-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the DC / DC converter 303. The low-temperature coolant heats up and becomes high-temperature coolant after heat exchange with the auxiliary component 301 and the DC / DC converter 303. The high-temperature coolant then converges and flows into the auxiliary heat dissipation loop 300, and flows to the auxiliary radiator 103, so that the auxiliary heat dissipation loop 300 can achieve circulating heat dissipation.

[0078] The integrated heat dissipation module 100 of the present invention dissipates heat for the main heat dissipation circuit 200 and the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit 300 at the same time, which can reduce the number of heat dissipation fans 102 to a certain extent and reduce the occupied space. In addition, the present invention utilizes the difference in operating temperature between the main radiator 101 and the auxiliary radiator 103, adopts a gradient cooling method, and utilizes the low-temperature airflow blown by the heat dissipation fan 102 to first flow through the auxiliary radiator 103 and then flow through the main radiator 101, which can achieve the purpose of cooling, reduce the complexity of the overall system, and reduce the occupied space.

[0079] The auxiliary radiator 103 is opposite to the main radiator 101, and the length of the auxiliary radiator 103 is smaller than the length of the main radiator 101. The outer side surfaces of the auxiliary radiator 103 and the main radiator 101 partially overlap. At least one first fan 1021 is opposite to the auxiliary radiator 103, so that the air ducts flowing through the main radiator 101 and the auxiliary radiator 103 overlap, ensuring that the low-temperature airflow blown out by the first fan 1021 flows through the auxiliary radiator 103 and the main radiator 101 in turn to achieve gradient cooling.

[0080] The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system further includes an auxiliary inlet temperature detection element 304, which is disposed at the auxiliary inlet and is used to detect whether the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is higher than the third set temperature. The auxiliary inlet temperature detection element 304 and the alarm are connected to the controller. The auxiliary inlet temperature detection element 304 is specifically a temperature sensor.

[0081] When the auxiliary inlet temperature detection element 304 detects that the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is higher than the third set temperature, the auxiliary inlet temperature detection element 304 feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller judges and processes and sends a signal to the alarm, activates the alarm, and reminds the maintenance personnel to perform corresponding fault processing. The third set temperature in the text refers to the maximum temperature value of the coolant that can flow into the auxiliary inlet of the auxiliary component 301.

[0082] In the present invention, all the heat dissipation fans 102 are controlled by the PID control method. The controller includes a temperature judgment module and a speed adjustment module, and the speed adjustment module is connected to all the heat dissipation fans 102 and the temperature judgment module respectively.

[0083] The temperature judgment module is connected to the main inlet temperature detection component 212 and the auxiliary inlet temperature detection component 304; when both the main inlet temperature detection component 212 and the auxiliary inlet temperature detection component 304 feed back signals to the temperature judgment module, the temperature judgment module judges whether the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is lower than the second set temperature, and judges whether the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is lower than the third set temperature.

[0084] When the actual temperature of the cooling inlet of the fuel cell stack 201 is lower than the second set temperature and the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet of the auxiliary component 301 is lower than the third set temperature, it means that the temperature of the coolant flowing into the fuel cell stack 201 and the auxiliary component 301 is low. The speed regulation module sends a signal to all the cooling fans 102 based on the signal fed back by the temperature judgment module to adjust the speed of all the cooling fans 102 to zero, that is, there is no need to start all the cooling fans 102.

[0085] When the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is not lower than the second set temperature or the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is not lower than the third set temperature, it means that the cooling temperature flowing into the fuel cell stack 201 or the auxiliary component 301 is too high. The speed adjustment module sends a signal to all the cooling fans 102 according to the signal fed back by the temperature judgment module to adjust the speed of all the cooling fans 102 until the actual temperature of the cooling inlet reaches the second set temperature and the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet reaches the third set temperature, that is, the cooling temperature flowing into the fuel cell stack 201 or the auxiliary component 301 reaches normal.

[0086] The auxiliary heat dissipation circuit 300 is divided into two sections, including an auxiliary liquid outlet pipeline 305 connected between the auxiliary outlet and the liquid inlet of the auxiliary radiator 103 and an auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 306 connected between the auxiliary inlet and the liquid outlet of the auxiliary radiator 103. The auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline is provided with an auxiliary water pump 307 and an auxiliary inlet temperature detection element 304. The low-temperature coolant in the auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline is driven by the auxiliary water pump 307 to be divided into two paths, one path flows into the DC / DC converter 303 along the auxiliary branch pipeline 302, and the other path continues to flow into the auxiliary component 301 along the auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline.

[0087] The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system also includes an auxiliary water supply pipeline 308 and an auxiliary inlet pressure detection component. The auxiliary water supply pipeline 308 is connected to the auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 306; the auxiliary water supply pipeline 308 is provided with an auxiliary water tank 309 and an auxiliary water supply valve; the auxiliary water supply valve is a solenoid valve. The auxiliary inlet pressure detection component is provided at the auxiliary inlet and is used to detect whether the actual pressure of the auxiliary inlet exceeds the specified pressure range; the auxiliary inlet pressure detection component and the auxiliary water supply valve are both connected to the controller; the auxiliary inlet pressure detection component is specifically a pressure sensor.

[0088] When the auxiliary inlet pressure detection component detects that the actual pressure of the auxiliary inlet exceeds the specified pressure range, the auxiliary inlet pressure detection component feeds back a signal to the controller. After judgment and processing, the controller sends a signal to the auxiliary water supply valve to control the auxiliary water supply valve to open. The auxiliary water tank 309 automatically replenishes coolant with the auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 306 through the auxiliary water supply pipeline 308, ensuring that the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit 300 maintains a constant pressure.

[0089] The working principle of the hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0090] Heating of the stack 201: When the ambient temperature of the stack 201 is lower than the first set temperature, the main switching valve 210 switches to the first position, and the main switching valve 210 connects the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 and the main heating pipeline 208; the low-temperature coolant flowing out of the cooling outlet of the stack 201 flows into the main liquid outlet pipeline 204, and after being filtered by the main filter 216, flows into the main heating pipeline 208 along the main liquid outlet pipeline 204, and after being heated by the main heater 209, it flows into the main liquid inlet pipeline 206 driven by the main water pump 207, and flows into the stack 201 through the cooling inlet, and heats the stack 201 until the actual temperature of the cooling outlet of the stack 201 reaches the first set temperature. At the same time, no coolant flows in the main radiator 101, and coolant flows in the auxiliary radiator 103, that is, the main radiator 101 stops working, and the auxiliary radiator 103 works normally; all cooling fans 102 still operate according to the PID control algorithm.

[0091] Heat dissipation of the battery stack 201: When the actual temperature of the cooling outlet reaches the first set temperature, the main switching valve 210 switches to the second position, and the main switching valve 210 connects the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 with the main heat dissipation pipeline 205; the high-temperature coolant in the battery stack 201 flows out from the cooling outlet and flows into the main liquid outlet pipeline 204, and after being filtered by the main filter 216, it flows into the main radiator 101 along the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 and the main heat dissipation pipeline 205 in turn, and exchanges heat with the main radiator 101. At the same time, the main radiator 101 exchanges heat with the low-temperature airflow blown out by all the heat dissipation fans 102. The high-temperature coolant is converted into low-temperature coolant after heat exchange with the main radiator 101. The low-temperature coolant flows into the main liquid inlet pipeline 206, and is divided into two paths after being driven by the main water pump 207. One path continues along the main liquid inlet pipeline 206 and flows back into the fuel cell stack 201 from the cooling inlet, and the low-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the fuel cell stack 201; the other path flows into the intercooler 203 along the main branch pipeline 202, and the low-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the intercooler 203; after heat exchange with the fuel cell stack 201 and the intercooler 203, it is filtered by the main filter 216, and then converges into the main liquid outlet pipeline 204 for the next cycle.

[0092] Auxiliary heat dissipation: After the high-temperature coolant in the auxiliary component 301 flows out from the auxiliary outlet, it flows into the auxiliary radiator 103 along the auxiliary liquid outlet pipeline 305. The high-temperature coolant performs heat exchange in the auxiliary radiator 103. At the same time, the auxiliary radiator 103 performs heat exchange with the low-temperature airflow blown out by the first fan 1021. After the airflow is heated up through the auxiliary radiator 103, it enters the main radiator 101 again to cool down the main radiator 101, thereby realizing gradient heat dissipation. After the high-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the auxiliary radiator 103, it becomes low-temperature coolant. The low-temperature coolant flows from the auxiliary radiator 103 into the auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 306. , after being driven by the auxiliary water pump 307, it is divided into two paths. One path continues along the auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline 306 and then flows back into the auxiliary component 301 from the auxiliary inlet, and the low-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the auxiliary component 301; the other path flows into the DC / DC converter 303 along the auxiliary branch pipeline 302, and the low-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the DC / DC converter 303; the low-temperature coolant heats up and becomes high-temperature coolant after heat exchange between the auxiliary component 301 and the DC / DC converter 303, and the high-temperature coolant converges and flows into the auxiliary liquid outlet pipeline 305, and flows to the auxiliary radiator 103, so that the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit 300 realizes circulating heat dissipation.

[0093] Compared with the first embodiment, the key difference of the second embodiment is that the setting positions of all the heat dissipation fans 102 are changed. Figure 2 As shown, in the second specific embodiment, all the heat dissipation fans 102 adopt suction-type heat dissipation, and all the heat dissipation fans 102 are arranged on the high-temperature airflow side, and all the heat dissipation fans 102 are specifically arranged on the side of the main radiator 101 away from the auxiliary radiator 103. All the heat dissipation fans 102 still drive the low-temperature airflow to flow through the auxiliary radiator 103 and the main radiator 101 in sequence.

[0094] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0095] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system, characterized in that: include: An integrated heat dissipation module (100), the integrated heat dissipation module (100) comprising a main heat sink (101) and at least one heat dissipation fan (102); all the heat dissipation fans (102) are arranged on any side of the main heat sink (101), and all the heat dissipation fans (102) are used to drive a low-temperature airflow to flow through the main heat sink (101); A main heat dissipation circuit (200), wherein the main heat dissipation circuit (200) is provided with a battery stack (201), and the main heat dissipation circuit (200) cyclically connects the battery stack (201) and the main radiator (101); A main branch pipeline (202), wherein the main branch pipeline (202) is provided with an intercooler (203); two ends of the main branch pipeline (202) are respectively connected to a cooling outlet and a cooling inlet of the fuel cell stack (201); The high-temperature coolant flowing out of the cooling outlet flows into the main radiator (101) along the main heat dissipation circuit (200) to perform heat exchange with the main radiator (101). The main radiator (101) simultaneously performs heat exchange with the low-temperature airflow blown out by all the heat dissipation fans (102). The low-temperature coolant generated after heat exchange with the main radiator (101) is divided into two paths. One path flows back into the fuel cell stack (201) from the cooling inlet along the main heat dissipation circuit (200), and the other path flows into the intercooler (203) along the main branch pipeline (202). After heat exchange with the fuel cell stack (201) and the intercooler (203), it converges and flows into the main heat dissipation circuit (200) to flow toward the main radiator (101).

2. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main heat dissipation circuit (200) comprises a main liquid outlet pipeline (204) connected to the cooling outlet, a main heat dissipation pipeline (205) connected to the liquid inlet of the main radiator (101), and a main liquid inlet pipeline (206) connected between the cooling inlet and the liquid outlet of the main radiator (101), wherein the main liquid inlet pipeline (206) is provided with a main water pump (207); and further comprises: A main heating pipeline (208), wherein the main heating pipeline (208) is provided with a main heater (209), one end of the main heating pipeline (208) is respectively connected to the main liquid outlet pipeline (204) and the main heat dissipation pipeline (205) through a main switching valve (210), and the other end is connected to the main air intake pipeline; When the ambient temperature of the battery stack (201) is lower than a first set temperature, the main switching valve (210) switches to a first position, and the main switching valve (210) connects the main liquid outlet pipeline (204) and the main heating pipeline (208); the low-temperature coolant flowing out of the cooling outlet flows along the main liquid outlet pipeline (204) into the main heating pipeline (208), is heated by the main heater (209), flows into the main liquid inlet pipeline (206) driven by the main water pump (207), and flows into the battery stack (201) through the cooling inlet; When the actual temperature of the cooling outlet reaches the first set temperature, the main switching valve (210) switches to the second position, and the main switching valve (210) connects the main liquid outlet pipeline (204) and the main heat dissipation pipeline (205); the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the cooling outlet flows into the main radiator (101) along the main liquid outlet pipeline (204) and the main heat dissipation pipeline (205) in sequence, and performs heat exchange with the main radiator (101); the low-temperature coolant generated after the heat exchange flows into the main liquid inlet pipeline (206), and is driven by the main water pump (207) to be divided into two paths, one of which continues to flow back into the fuel cell stack (201) from the cooling inlet along the main liquid inlet pipeline (206), and the other flows into the intercooler (203) along the main branch pipeline (202), and after heat exchange with the fuel cell stack (201) and the intercooler (203), it converges and flows into the main liquid outlet pipeline (204).

3. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: a main outlet temperature detection component (211), the main outlet temperature detection component (211) being disposed at the cooling outlet and used to detect whether the actual temperature of the cooling outlet is higher than the first set temperature; the main outlet temperature detection component (211) and the main switching valve (210) are respectively connected to a controller; When the main outlet temperature detection component (211) detects that the actual temperature of the cooling outlet is higher than the first set temperature, the main outlet temperature detection component (211) feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a signal to the main switching valve (210) after judgment and processing, thereby controlling the main switching valve (210) to switch to the second position.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: An alarm, the alarm being used to sound an alarm; a main inlet temperature detection element (212), the main inlet temperature detection element (212) being arranged at the cooling inlet and used to detect whether the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is higher than the second set temperature; the main inlet temperature detection element (212) and the alarm are connected to the controller; When the main inlet temperature detection component (212) detects that the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is higher than the second set temperature, the main inlet temperature detection component (212) feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a signal to the alarm after judgment and processing, thereby activating the alarm.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A main water supply pipeline (213), the main water supply pipeline (213) being in communication with the main liquid inlet pipeline (206); the main water supply pipeline (213) being provided with a main water tank (214) and a main water supply valve; a main inlet pressure detection component (215), the main inlet pressure detection component (215) being arranged at the cooling inlet and used to detect whether the actual pressure of the cooling inlet exceeds a set pressure range; the main inlet pressure detection component (215) and the main water supply valve are both connected to the controller; When the main inlet pressure detection component (215) detects that the actual pressure of the cooling inlet exceeds the set pressure range, the main inlet pressure detection component (215) feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a signal to the main water supply valve after judgment and processing, controls the main water supply valve to open, and the main water tank (214) replenishes the cooling liquid with the main liquid inlet pipeline (206) through the main water supply pipeline (213).

6. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A main filter (216), wherein the main filter (216) is arranged on the main liquid outlet pipeline (204), and the main liquid outlet pipeline (204) is used to filter out impurities in the main liquid outlet pipeline (204).

7. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat dissipation fan (102) comprises at least one first fan (1021); the integrated heat dissipation module (100) further comprises an auxiliary heat sink (103) opposite to the at least one first fan (1021); and further comprises: An auxiliary heat dissipation circuit (300), the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit (300) being provided with an auxiliary component (301), the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit (300) being cyclically connected between the auxiliary radiator (103) and the auxiliary component (301); An auxiliary branch pipeline (302), wherein the auxiliary branch pipeline (302) is provided with a DC / DC converter (303), and two ends of the auxiliary branch pipeline (302) are respectively connected to an auxiliary outlet and an auxiliary inlet of the auxiliary component (301); The high-temperature coolant flowing out of the auxiliary outlet flows into the auxiliary radiator (103) along the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit (300) and performs heat exchange with the auxiliary radiator (103). The auxiliary radiator (103) also performs heat exchange with the low-temperature airflow blown out by the first fan (1021). The low-temperature airflow flowing through the auxiliary radiator (103) is heated up and then flows through the main radiator (101) and performs heat exchange with the main radiator (101). The low-temperature coolant generated after heat exchange with the auxiliary radiator (103) is divided into two paths. One path flows into the auxiliary component (301) from the auxiliary inlet along the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit (300), and the other path flows into the DC / DC converter (303) along the auxiliary branch pipeline (302). After heat exchange with the auxiliary component (301) and the DC / DC converter (303), the other path converges and flows into the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit (300) to flow toward the auxiliary radiator (103).

8. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The length of the auxiliary radiator (103) is shorter than that of the main radiator (101); the auxiliary radiator (103) and the main radiator (101) partially overlap on their outer side surfaces; the first fan (1021) is opposite to the auxiliary radiator (103); and the low-temperature airflow blown out by the first fan (1021) flows through the auxiliary radiator (103) and the main radiator (101) in sequence.

9. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: an auxiliary inlet temperature detection element (304), the auxiliary inlet temperature detection element (304) being arranged at the auxiliary inlet and used to detect whether the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is higher than the third set temperature; the auxiliary inlet temperature detection element (304) and the alarm are both connected to the controller; When the auxiliary inlet temperature detection component (304) detects that the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is higher than the third set temperature, the auxiliary inlet temperature detection component (304) feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a signal to the alarm after judgment and processing, thereby activating the alarm.

10. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The controller comprises: a temperature judgment module, the temperature judgment module being connected to the main inlet temperature detection component (212) and the auxiliary inlet temperature detection component (304); when both the main inlet temperature detection component (212) and the auxiliary inlet temperature detection component (304) feed back signals to the temperature judgment module, the temperature judgment module judges whether the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is lower than the second set temperature, and judges whether the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is lower than the third set temperature; A speed regulating module, the speed regulating module being respectively connected to all the heat dissipation fans (102) and the temperature judging module; When the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is lower than the second set temperature and the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is lower than the third set temperature, the speed regulating module sends a signal to all the cooling fans (102) according to the signal fed back by the temperature judging module, so as to adjust the speeds of all the cooling fans (102) to zero; When the actual temperature of the cooling inlet is not lower than the second set temperature or the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet is not lower than the third set temperature, the speed adjustment module sends a signal to all the cooling fans (102) according to the signal fed back by the temperature judgment module, and adjusts the speed of all the cooling fans (102) until the actual temperature of the cooling inlet reaches the second set temperature and the actual temperature of the auxiliary inlet reaches the third set temperature.

11. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The auxiliary heat dissipation circuit (300) comprises an auxiliary liquid outlet pipeline (305) connected between the auxiliary outlet and the liquid inlet of the auxiliary radiator (103) and an auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline (306) connected between the auxiliary inlet and the liquid outlet of the auxiliary radiator (103); and further comprises: an auxiliary water supply pipeline (308), the auxiliary water supply pipeline (308) being in communication with the auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline (306); the auxiliary water supply pipeline (308) being provided with an auxiliary water tank (309) and an auxiliary water supply valve; an auxiliary inlet pressure detection component, which is disposed at the auxiliary inlet and is used to detect whether the actual pressure of the auxiliary inlet exceeds a specified pressure range; the auxiliary inlet pressure detection component and the auxiliary water supply valve are both connected to the controller; When the auxiliary inlet pressure detection component detects that the actual pressure of the auxiliary inlet exceeds the specified pressure range, the auxiliary inlet pressure detection component feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a signal to the auxiliary water supply valve after judgment and processing, controls the auxiliary water supply valve to open, and the auxiliary water tank (309) replenishes coolant for the auxiliary liquid inlet pipeline (306) through the auxiliary water supply pipeline (308).

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