Out-of-band invisible antenna housing with broadband power amplification function

Abstract

The invention discloses an out-of-band stealth antenna housing with a broadband power amplification function, which belongs to the technical field of stealth and comprises a lossy layer, an air layer, a receiving antenna layer, a power amplification layer and a transmitting antenna layer. The lossy layer is located above the receiving antenna layer, an air layer is arranged between the lossy layer and the receiving antenna layer, and the power amplification layer is arranged between the receiving antenna layer and the transmitting antenna layer and is connected with the receiving antenna layer and the transmitting antenna layer through microstrip lines; the receiving antenna layer and the transmitting antenna layer both adopt a micro-strip patch form with a U-shaped groove, the first lossy layer and the second lossy layer are arranged above the receiving antenna layer and keep consistent periods, so that good impedance matching is realized, a transmission window broadband is achieved, and a power amplification function is realized; according to the invention, the power amplifier is combined with the antenna, and the consumption layer is arranged above the power amplifier, so that the functions of electromagnetic wave out-of-band stealth and in-band power amplification are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of stealth technology, and in particular relates to an out-of-band stealth antenna cover with a broadband power amplifier function. Background Art

[0002] With the development and progress of stealth technology, the radar antenna system and various radio frequency sensors on stealth aircraft platforms have become the main contributors to the radar cross section (RCS), and its stealth technology is crucial to the overall stealth performance of the aircraft. However, as the forefront of information interaction, the radar antenna must ensure that it can normally transmit and receive electromagnetic waves. It cannot directly apply external stealth technology or coating radar absorbing materials to achieve its stealth technology. At present, the most widely used stealth technology at home and abroad is frequency selective surface (FSS) technology.

[0003] FSS is a periodically arranged patch or slot array, generally a lossless structure. When interacting with electromagnetic waves, it will show filtering responses such as bandpass and bandstop. In essence, it is a spatial filter and is widely used in the design of stealth radar radomes to reduce the RCS of the system. Among them, the radome based on the bandpass FSS design often reflects the electromagnetic waves transmitted out of the band to other directions through conformal technology to reduce backscattering; this often leads to the reduction of the RCS of the target single station, but cannot effectively reduce the RCS of the dual station, and cannot achieve the purpose of true stealth. In order to improve this shortcoming and reduce the out-of-band reflection characteristics, the concept of electromagnetic metamaterial absorbers is introduced into the design of radomes to form absorbers with frequency selective characteristics. This type of periodic structure that absorbs certain frequency bands and is transparent to certain frequency bands is called an absorber with a transmission window. This frequency selective absorber realizes the dual functions of frequency band transparency and stealth, and therefore has broad application prospects.

[0004] With the continuous development of existing technologies, the requirements for detection distance and miniaturization in existing communication systems are often increasing, often accompanied by the dual needs of multi-stage cascading and miniaturization. Due to the increase in power, the heat dissipation problem is increasingly exposed. Therefore, how to solve this problem has become one of the current research hotspots. Existing frequency-selective amplifiers are mostly based on passive structures. Due to the inherent loss of the medium, their insertion loss is usually large and they do not have the ability to amplify power. By designing a power-amplifying frequency-selective antenna cover, part of the amplification function can be realized in the antenna cover, which can effectively alleviate the pressure on the amplification circuit, indicating that the power-amplifying frequency-selective cover has huge application prospects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an out-of-band stealth radome with a broadband power amplifier function. The stealth radome is a broadband power amplifier frequency selective absorber with excellent electromagnetic performance, which can overcome the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An out-of-band stealth radome with a broadband power amplifier function comprises a lossy layer, an air layer, a receiving antenna layer, a power amplifier layer, and a transmitting antenna layer; the lossy layer is located above the receiving antenna layer, an air layer is located between the lossy layer and the receiving antenna layer, the power amplifier layer is located between the receiving antenna layer and the transmitting antenna layer, and is connected to the receiving antenna layer and the transmitting antenna layer through a microstrip line; The receiving antenna layer and the transmitting antenna layer are both in the form of a microstrip patch with a U-shaped groove, and a U-shaped groove is opened in the center of the microstrip patch antenna radiator, thereby expanding the passband bandwidth of the frequency selective absorber and achieving the wide passband performance of the frequency selective absorber; The lossy layers are, from top to bottom, a first lossy layer and a second lossy layer, an air layer is provided between the first lossy layer and the second lossy layer, and the first lossy layer and the second lossy layer are placed above the receiving antenna layer and keep the length and width consistent; by introducing the lossy layer, the lossy layer is combined with the power amplifier frequency selection, and impedance matching is performed, thereby achieving high-quality performance of out-of-band absorption and in-band broadband power amplification.

[0007] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides an out-of-band stealth antenna cover with a broadband power amplifier function, which has the following advantages over the prior art: (1) The present invention introduces a power amplifier into the design of a frequency selective absorber, effectively matches the power amplifier with the antenna, and utilizes the power amplification function of the power amplifier to realize a frequency selective absorber with power amplification function. Compared with traditional frequency selective absorbers, the present invention is novel, highly innovative, and has a wider range of application scenarios. (2) The present invention combines a power amplifier with an antenna, optimizes structural parameters, reduces reflection of incident waves, and realizes a frequency selective surface for power amplification while ensuring good impedance matching. (3) The present invention achieves the effect of out-of-band stealth and in-band power amplification by combining a lossy layer with a power amplification frequency selective surface, which better meets the current requirements of antenna covers; (4) The present invention satisfies the requirements of high gain performance within the band and wave absorption performance outside the band. For TM electromagnetic waves with oblique incidence in the range of 0°~30°, its wave absorption frequency band can maintain an absorption rate of 80%, that is, S11 and S21 are both less than -10dB; its passband frequency band still maintains good transmission performance and has a maximum gain of 7.6dB. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 3D schematic diagram of the periodic structure of the lossy layer of the out-of-band stealth radome with broadband power amplifier function in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the left side is the first lossy layer and the right side is the second lossy layer; Figure 2 1 is a structural view of an external stealth radome receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna unit with a broadband power amplifier function in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the layered structure of a unit of an external stealth antenna cover with a broadband power amplifier function in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 1 is a structural view of an external stealth radome power amplifier layer with a broadband power amplifier function in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a wave transmission / absorption curve of an external stealth radome with a broadband power amplifier function in an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure, 1 is the first lossy layer, 2 and 4 are air layers, 3 is the second lossy layer, 5 is the receiving antenna layer, 6 is the power amplifier layer, and 7 is the transmitting antenna layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0010] like Figure 3 As shown, an out-of-band stealth antenna cover structure with broadband power amplifier function is composed of the first lossy layer 1, air layer 2, second lossy layer 3, air layer 4, receiving antenna layer 5, power amplifier layer 6, transmitting antenna layer 7 from +z to -z direction; the power amplifier layer 6 is vertically arranged with the receiving antenna layer 5 and the transmitting antenna layer 7, and connected by a microstrip line; the remaining layers are parallel to each other; the receiving antenna layer 5 and the transmitting antenna layer 7 are both in the form of microstrip patches with U-shaped grooves. The first lossy layer 1 and the second lossy layer 2 are both annular structures and are etched on a dielectric substrate with a thickness of 1mm; the substrate is made of F4B dielectric material with a relative dielectric constant of 2.65 and a loss tangent of 0.001, and the thickness is 1mm; as shown Figure 2 As shown, both the receiving antenna layer 5 and the transmitting antenna layer 7 use microstrip patch antennas, and in order to expand the bandwidth, a U-shaped groove is opened in the center of the microstrip patch antenna radiator, and the power amplifier layer 6 is connected to the receiving antenna layer 5 and the transmitting antenna layer 7 by a microstrip line; The length and width P of the unit structure are both 13 mm, the overall height is 22 mm, the thickness of the substrate used is 1 mm, and the high-resistance surface length of the first lossy layer 1 is l s1 9.5mm, line width w s1 The high resistance surface length of the second lossy layer 2 is 3 mm. l s2 12.4mm, line width w s2 The patch length of the receiving antenna layer 5 and the transmitting antenna layer 7 is 3mm. l 1 Both are 12.2mm, widthw 1 are both 9.5mm, the length of the U-shaped groove l 2 and l 3 are 4.5mm and 8mm respectively, the microstrip line width w 3 is 3mm, the length of the power amplifier layer 6 l 4 is 10 mm, the thickness of the air layer between the first lossy layer 1 and the second lossy layer 2 h 2 is 3 mm, the thickness of the air layer between the second lossy layer 2 and the receiving antenna layer 5 h 1 is 3mm.

[0011] like Figure 4 As shown, it is the electromagnetic parameter curve of the structure designed above. The frequency bands with absorption rate above 80% are 4-5.8 GHz and 9-12 GHz, the frequency band range of the transmission window is 6.3-8.8 GHz, and the maximum gain is 7.6 dB; the model of the amplifier used is Gali2+.

[0012] The structure of the frequency selective surface in the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be designed as other forms of antennas such as slots, dipoles, etc. The dielectric substrate can be made of low-loss Rogers 5880 or low relative dielectric constant dielectric, etc., as long as the material has low electromagnetic loss and the relative dielectric constant and thickness meet good impedance matching.

[0013] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is to facilitate the understanding and application of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those familiar with the art can easily make various modifications to these, and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without having to carry out creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments here, and improvements and modifications made to the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An out-of-band stealth radome with broadband power amplifier function, characterized in that: It includes a lossy layer, an air layer, a receiving antenna layer, a power amplifier layer, and a transmitting antenna layer; the lossy layer is located above the receiving antenna layer, an air layer is located between the lossy layer and the receiving antenna layer, the power amplifier layer is between the receiving antenna layer and the transmitting antenna layer, and is connected to the receiving antenna layer and the transmitting antenna layer through a microstrip line.

2. The out-of-band stealth antenna cover with broadband power amplifier function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving antenna layer and the transmitting antenna layer adopt microstrip patch antennas, slots or dipoles.

3. The out-of-band stealth radome with broadband power amplifier function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The receiving antenna layer and the transmitting antenna layer adopt a microstrip patch antenna with a U-shaped groove, and the U-shaped groove is located at the center of the radiator of the microstrip patch antenna.

4. The out-of-band stealth radome with broadband power amplifier function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lossy layers are a first lossy layer and a second lossy layer from top to bottom. The first lossy layer and the second lossy layer are placed above the receiving antenna layer and keep the same period. An air layer is between the first lossy layer and the second lossy layer.

5. The out-of-band stealth radome with broadband power amplifier function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first lossy layer and the second lossy layer are both annular structures and are etched on a dielectric substrate.

6. The out-of-band stealth radome with broadband power amplifier function according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The high-resistance surface length of the first lossy layer is 9.5 mm, and the line width is 3 mm; the high-resistance surface length of the second lossy layer is 12.4 mm, and the line width is 3 mm.

7. The out-of-band stealth radome with broadband power amplifier function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The patch lengths of the receiving antenna layer and the transmitting antenna layer are both 12.2 mm and the widths are both 9.5 mm.

8. The out-of-band stealth radome with broadband power amplifier function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two lengths of the U-shaped groove are 4.5 mm and 8 mm respectively, and the width of the microstrip line is 3 mm.

9. The out-of-band stealth radome with broadband power amplifier function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the power amplification layer is 10 mm.

10. The out-of-band stealth radome with broadband power amplifier function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the air layer between the first lossy layer and the second lossy layer is 3 mm, and the thickness of the air layer between the second lossy layer and the receiving antenna layer is 3 mm.

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