Offshore wind power cluster access planning method and system considering full power generation scene

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power system planning and optimal scheduling, in particular to an offshore wind power cluster access planning method and system considering a full power generation scene. According to the method, a refined cost model of an offshore wind power high-voltage alternating-current transmission and high-voltage direct-current transmission access system is constructed, the influence of an extreme power generation scene on system supply and demand balance and delivery channel capacity requirements is considered, and a dynamic wind curtailment penalty factor and weighted load loss cost calculation method is provided; an offshore wind power cluster access planning model under a full power generation scene is established by combining the characteristics of different offshore wind power grid-connected access topological structures. According to the method, extreme power generation scene characteristics are considered, and the access topology and the sending-out capacity with the optimal economical efficiency and the minimum supply and demand imbalance risk are planned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system planning and optimal scheduling, and in particular to a method and system for planning access to an offshore wind power cluster taking into account a full power generation scenario. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid economic development and continuous population growth, the global energy and environmental crisis is becoming increasingly serious. Countries have issued corresponding policies to promote energy transformation and upgrading. my country has also proposed a "dual carbon" strategy to accelerate the development of a new power system with a high proportion of new energy. The offshore wind power market has broad space and my country's offshore wind power generation potential is huge. However, the extreme weather caused by climate change has seriously affected the output of offshore wind power and affected the safe and economic operation of the system. In addition, due to the contradictions in the coordination and connection between offshore wind power and other types of power sources and transmission networks, the problem of power abandonment faced by offshore wind power cannot be underestimated. Since the access system of the offshore wind power cluster is the main factor affecting its wind power absorption level and there is a game relationship between the absorption rate and the transmission capacity, studying the access planning technology of the offshore wind power cluster under multiple weather conditions is of great significance to improving the wind power absorption rate and system economy.

[0003] The transmission system can be divided into two categories: high-voltage AC transmission (HVAC) and high-voltage direct current transmission (HVDC). HVAC has low cost and mature technology for short-distance transmission, but there are problems with fault ride-through and the long AC line will increase the cost of reactive power compensation. HVDC can be further subdivided into LLC-HVDC, VSC-HVDC, DRU-HVDC, FFTS-HVDC and other methods. Among them, the flexible direct current transmission technology based on MMC-HVDC has become the first choice due to its large capacity, long distance, high safety and high controllability.

[0004] The offshore wind farm transmission system can be connected to the land power grid nearby due to its relatively low cost, forming a single-field grid-connected structure. However, when the installed capacity of offshore wind power increases, the cluster scale expands, and the spatial distance between wind farms increases, the traditional single-point docking grid-connected mode will not be able to balance the transmission cost, transmission capacity and collection distance requirements. In response to this, researchers have proposed a variety of offshore wind power transmission technologies such as star and ring, covering a variety of topological structures such as offshore DC collection, onshore DC collection, and onshore multi-terminal DC collection. At the same time, a full life cycle model of various equipment such as offshore substations, submarine cables, converter valves, and reactive compensation stations has been built to lay the foundation for the study of offshore wind power access planning technology.

[0005] Existing technologies have studied offshore wind power access planning from different perspectives, including proposing an access system evaluation index system and a comprehensive decision-making method to evaluate wind farm access systems; studying the feasibility of grid-connected solutions from the perspective of investment cost and operational safety; planning transmission networks through a two-layer coupling model; using a two-layer model to plan offshore substation siting and capacity and optimize the collection system topology; and constructing a two-layer model to optimize the siting of substations within the cluster and the capacity of access lines to achieve optimal absorption rate and cluster economy.

[0006] However, the above studies have not considered the impact of extreme marine weather conditions on planning results, and have not further planned the access topology of the offshore wind power access system and the capacity of the submarine cable to obtain the optimal technical solution. The offshore wind power cluster access planning technology under the full power generation scenario still needs to be studied. Affected by the complex and changeable weather in the sea area, the meteorological characteristics of offshore wind power output are very prominent, and extreme weather has brought huge challenges to the stable and efficient operation of offshore wind power systems. Offshore wind power is developing in a clustered and large-scale manner. Unreasonable offshore wind power grid connection planning will lead to a surge in engineering costs, an imbalance in system supply and demand, and obstruction of wind power consumption. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an offshore wind power cluster access planning method and system considering the full power generation scenario. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0008] A method for planning access to an offshore wind power cluster considering a full power generation scenario comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step S1, collecting data and setting parameters, wherein the data includes cost parameters of the access system, offshore wind power system data, unit parameters, and load data; the units include thermal power units, hydropower units, photovoltaic units, onshore wind power units, and offshore wind power units;

[0010] Step S2: Analyze the output characteristic indicators of offshore wind power clusters under multiple weather conditions, screen the conventional power generation scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios of offshore wind power clusters, select the typical output of renewable energy units, and obtain the power generation output P of unit i in time period t under scenario s. i,t,s ;

[0011] Step S3, constructing a cost model of an offshore wind power cluster access system, including a cost model of an HVDC access system of an offshore wind power cluster and a cost model of an HVAC access system of an offshore wind power cluster;

[0012] Step S4: Establish an offshore wind power cluster access planning model considering the full power generation scenario, with the access system investment cost C ann , Unit power generation cost Wind curtailment penalty costs And the cost of load loss in extreme scenarios The annual comprehensive cost of C com Minimization is the optimization goal, and corresponding constraints are set, including power balance constraints, reserve constraints, spinning reserve constraints, unit output constraints, unit ramp constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints, branch power flow constraints, and offshore wind power cluster transmission constraints;

[0013] Step S5, solving the offshore wind power cluster access planning model, and comparing to obtain the optimal access planning solution.

[0014] Preferably, the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes an offshore booster station, a submarine DC cable, and a converter valve. The cost model of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes the technical investment cost of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster. Annual operation and maintenance cost Annual loss cost Annual failure loss cost C down ; The details are as follows:

[0015] In the formula, is the equivalent annual cost of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster; T DC Indicates the service life of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster.

[0016] Preferably, the technical investment cost of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster is Annual operation and maintenance cost Annual loss cost Annual failure loss cost C down The calculation is as follows:

[0017] (1) Technical investment cost of HVDC access system for offshore wind power clusters Including offshore substation investment costs Investment cost of offshore converter station DC submarine cable investment cost Onshore converter station investment cost and the investment cost of land substation

[0018]

[0019] (2) Annual operation and maintenance costs of HVDC access systems for offshore wind power clusters for:

[0020]

[0021] in, Respectively represent the annual operation and maintenance cost rate of the corresponding equipment; Crent It represents the annual sea area lease fee;

[0022] (3) Annual loss cost of HVDC access system for offshore wind power cluster The electricity price for offshore wind power is p sale The product of the annual power loss, including the power loss of the substation Converter station loss And DC submarine cable loss The specific calculation formula is:

[0023]

[0024] Substation losses Calculated through transformer technical parameters, namely:

[0025]

[0026] in, Indicates the rated apparent power of the power frequency transformer; Indicates the no-load loss of the transformer; Represents the load loss of the transformer; S in Indicates the input capacity of the transformer;

[0027] Converter Station Losses in DC Transmission Systems Its input power Fixed loss rate Multiply them together and we get:

[0028]

[0029] DC submarine cable loss Calculated by its own parameters, namely:

[0030]

[0031] in, Indicates the resistance per unit length of DC submarine cable; Indicates the power transmitted by the DC submarine cable; Indicates the rated voltage of the DC submarine cable;

[0032] (4) Annual failure loss cost C down as follows:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, N W Indicates the number of wind farms contained in the offshore wind power cluster; represents the rated installed capacity of offshore wind farm n; CF n represents the capacity factor of the offshore wind farm n; represents the forced outage rate of offshore wind farm n; represents the annual average forced shutdown duration of offshore wind farm n; T down The duration of annual maintenance.

[0035] Preferably, the investment cost of offshore substation is Investment cost of offshore converter station DC submarine cable investment cost Onshore converter station investment cost and the investment cost of land substation The calculation of is as follows:

[0036]

[0037]

[0038]

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] in, Respectively represent the rated apparent power of the power frequency offshore substation and the power frequency onshore substation; They represent the rated active power of the offshore converter station and the onshore converter station of the DC access system respectively; is a constant, which is related to the selection of DC submarine cable; Indicates the rated capacity of the DC submarine cable; represents the laying cost of DC submarine cable; n DC Indicates the number of DC submarine cables; Indicates the length of the DC submarine cable.

[0042] Preferably, the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes an offshore booster station, a submarine AC cable, and a reactive power compensation station. The cost model of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes the technical investment cost of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster. Annual operation and maintenance cost Annual loss cost Annual failure loss cost C down ; The details are as follows:

[0043]

[0044] in, represents the equivalent annual cost of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster; T ACIndicates the service life of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster;

[0045] Specifically,

[0046] (1) Technical investment cost of HVAC access system for offshore wind power clusters Including offshore substation investment costs AC submarine cable investment cost Reactive power compensation station investment cost C react , Investment cost of land substation And the high voltage circuit breaker investment cost C swg , as follows:

[0047]

[0048] (2) Annual operation and maintenance costs of HVAC access systems for offshore wind farms for:

[0049]

[0050] in, α react Respectively represent the annual operation and maintenance cost rate of AC submarine cable and reactive power compensation station; C rent It represents the annual sea area lease fee;

[0051] (3) Annual loss cost of HVAC access system for offshore wind power cluster for:

[0052]

[0053] in, They represent the substation loss and AC submarine cable active line loss respectively;

[0054]

[0055] in, k0 is a constant related to the voltage of the AC submarine cable. Indicates the power transmitted by the AC submarine cable; Indicates the rated capacity of the AC submarine cable.

[0056] Preferably, the AC submarine cable investment cost Reactive power compensation station investment cost C react , and the high voltage circuit breaker investment cost C swg The calculation of is as follows:

[0057]

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] in, is a constant related to the AC submarine cable model; Indicates the rated capacity of the AC submarine cable; represents the laying cost of AC submarine cable; n AC Indicates the number of AC submarine cables; Indicates the length of the AC submarine cable; k R , k T is a constant related to the reactive power compensation position; Indicates the admittance of the AC submarine cable that requires reactive power compensation; Represent the rated voltages of the AC submarine cable and high-voltage circuit breaker respectively.

[0061] Preferably, the optimization objective function of the offshore wind power cluster access planning model considering the full power generation scenario in step S4 is:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, N S represents the sum of the number of conventional power generation scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios of offshore wind power throughout the year; θ s represents the probability of scene s; C ann represents the equivalent annual cost of the offshore wind power access system;

[0064] Generating cost of unit Including the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power units and the fuel costs of thermal power units, the power generation cost is expressed as:

[0065]

[0066] Where T represents the number of time periods for each power generation scenario; N G Indicates the number of thermal power units; They represent the startup and shutdown costs of thermal power unit i in time period t under scenario s; Δt represents the length of the time period; M G Indicates the number of segments of the step-type cost curve of thermal power units; represents the fuel price of thermal power unit i in the mth output range under scenario s; It represents the power generation of thermal power unit i in the mth output interval in time period t under scenario s.

[0067] Wind curtailment penalty costs as follows:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Among them, N W Indicates the number of offshore wind power clusters connected to the grid; represents the dynamic penalty factor for time period t under scenario s, represents the abandoned power of offshore wind power cluster i in time period t under scenario s; β s represents the expected parameters for offshore wind power consumption under scenario s; represents the offshore wind power sales price in time period t under scenario s; represents the declared output of offshore wind power cluster i in time period t under scenario s; D t,s represents the load of the system in time period t under scenario s; is the maximum load of the system under scenario s;

[0071] Load loss cost in extreme scenarios for:

[0072]

[0073] in, represents the load loss penalty rate under extreme scenario s; J t represents the number of nodes that lose load during period t; w j represents the load weight coefficient of the load-losing node j; It represents the load power removed from the load-losing node j in time period t under the extreme scenario s.

[0074] An offshore wind power cluster access planning system considering a full power generation scenario, applied to the method described, comprising:

[0075] Data preparation module, used to collect data and set parameters, where the data includes cost parameters of access system, offshore wind power system data, unit parameters, and load data; the units include thermal power units, hydropower units, photovoltaic units, onshore wind power units, and offshore wind power units;

[0076] The scenario screening module is used to analyze the output characteristic indicators of offshore wind power clusters under multiple weather conditions, screen the conventional power generation scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios of offshore wind power clusters, select the typical output of renewable energy units, and obtain the power generation output P of unit i in time period t under scenario s. i,t,s ;

[0077] Cost modeling module, used to build the cost model of offshore wind power cluster access system, including the HVDC access system cost model of offshore wind power cluster and the HVAC access system cost model of offshore wind power cluster;

[0078] The optimization modeling module is used to establish an offshore wind power cluster access planning model considering the full power generation scenario, with the access system investment cost C ann , Unit power generation cost Wind curtailment penalty costs And the cost of load loss in extreme scenarios The annual comprehensive cost of C com Minimization is the optimization goal, and corresponding constraints are set, including power balance constraints, reserve constraints, spinning reserve constraints, unit output constraints, unit ramp constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints, branch power flow constraints, and offshore wind power cluster transmission constraints;

[0079] The model solving module is used to solve the offshore wind power cluster access planning model and compare and obtain the optimal access planning scheme.

[0080] A computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is run, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering the full power generation scenario.

[0081] A processor is used to run a program, wherein the program, when running, executes the offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering the full power generation scenario.

[0082] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0083] The present invention constructs a refined cost model for offshore wind power HVAC transmission and HVDC access systems, considers the impact of extreme power generation scenarios on system supply and demand balance and transmission channel capacity requirements, proposes a dynamic wind abandonment penalty factor and a weighted load loss cost calculation method, and then, combined with the characteristics of different offshore wind power grid-connected access topologies, establishes an offshore wind power cluster access planning model under all power generation scenarios. The present invention takes into account the characteristics of conventional power generation scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios, and plans the access topology and transmission capacity with the best economy and the lowest risk of supply and demand imbalance, which is of great significance for preventing imbalance risks, ensuring high-level consumption of wind power, and improving economic benefits for power systems connected to offshore wind power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0084] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0085] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method.

[0086] Figure 2 1 is a typical output curve diagram of each renewable energy unit under typical days in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Figure 3 This is the topological diagram of the HVAC and HVDC access system; Figure 3 (a) is the topological structure diagram of the offshore wind power HVAC access system; Figure 3 (b) is the topological structure diagram of the offshore wind power HVDC access system.

[0088] Figure 4 There are three types of topological structures of HVDC access system: Figure 4 (a) is the topological structure diagram of offshore DC collection; Figure 4 (b) is the topological structure diagram of the onshore DC collection; Figure 4 (c) is the topological structure diagram of the multi-terminal DC collection on shore.

[0089] Figure 5 The following are the layout diagrams of submarine cables for each access scheme: Figure 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of the distance between the offshore wind farm and the grid-connected node; Figure 5 (b) is a schematic diagram of the offshore DC collection topology; Figure 5 (c) is a schematic diagram of the onshore DC collection topology; Figure 5 (d) is a schematic diagram of the onshore multi-terminal DC collection topology structure; (e) is a schematic diagram of the point-to-point AC access topology structure.

[0090] Figure 6 This is the distribution diagram of the equivalent annual value cost of the access system under each access scheme.

[0091] Figure 7 The equal-annual investment cost curves of topology 2 and topology 4 at different offshore distances.

[0092] Figure 8 It is a system principle diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0093] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0094] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprises" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0095] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0096] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0097] Embodiment 1:

[0098] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering a full power generation scenario, including the following steps:

[0099] Step S1, collecting data and setting parameters, wherein the data includes cost parameters of the access system, offshore wind power system data, unit parameters, and load data; the units include thermal power units, hydropower units, photovoltaic units, onshore wind power units, and offshore wind power units.

[0100] In this embodiment, the collected data and the set parameters are shown in Table 1 below:

[0101] Table 1. Data collected and parameters set

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] Step S2, analyzing the output characteristic indicators of offshore wind power clusters under multiple weather conditions, screening conventional power generation scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios of offshore wind power clusters, selecting typical outputs of renewable energy units, and obtaining the power generation output P of unit i (including hydropower, photovoltaic, onshore wind power and offshore wind power) in time period t under scenario s i,t,s .

[0105] In this embodiment, the typical output of the selected renewable energy units is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0106] The full power generation scenarios considered in the examples of this invention include typical four-season scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios. The extreme marine weather conditions that affect offshore wind power generation can be divided into two categories: one is weaker marine tropical cyclones, stronger tropical cyclone outer circulation, etc., which will produce higher sea surface wind speeds, called extreme strong wind scenarios; the other is extreme weather such as marine cold waves and high temperature heat waves, which will lead to the generation of a calm marine environment, called an extreme calm wind scenario.

[0107] Step S3, constructing a cost model of the offshore wind power cluster access system according to the characteristics of different transmission modes and access system topologies, including an HVDC access system cost model of the offshore wind power cluster and an HVAC access system cost model of the offshore wind power cluster.

[0108] From the perspective of power transmission, offshore wind power access systems can be divided into two categories: HVAC access and HVDC access. The topological structures of the two typical access systems are as follows: Figure 3 The HVAC access system consists of offshore booster stations, submarine AC cables, reactive power compensation stations and other equipment, while the HVDC access system consists of offshore booster stations, submarine DC cables, converter valves and other equipment.

[0109] HVAC has been maturely applied in close-range offshore wind farms, but is limited by the capacitance effect of AC submarine cables; HVDC solves the problem of long-distance power transmission with VSC-HVDC technology. In terms of safety, HVDC improves the system's fault ride-through capability and grid-connected performance through AC / DC isolation. In terms of system cost, although the cost of HVDC converter stations is higher than that of HVAC transformer stations, DC submarine cables are more economical, have low line losses, and are easy to build and increase capacity in phases. As the offshore distance and transmitted power increase, the overall cost of HVDC is lower than that of HVAC.

[0110] The access system using HVDC technology can be divided into three topological structures: offshore DC collection, onshore DC collection, and onshore multi-terminal DC collection. These three topological structures are as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Offshore DC aggregation refers to the aggregation of DC outputs of multiple wind power clusters through an offshore platform, and finally transmitting the power to the shore through a submarine cable; onshore DC aggregation refers to the transmission of the power generated by multiple offshore wind power clusters to the onshore aggregation system through multiple submarine DC cables and the unified access of these powers to the power grid; onshore multi-terminal DC aggregation refers to the establishment of multiple converter stations on the shore, the aggregation of the power of multiple wind power clusters through multiple submarine DC cables, and the efficient transmission of the power to the main power grid on the shore through a multi-terminal DC system.

[0111] Offshore DC collection has low cost and simple control, but has high requirements for equipment and has a great impact if the main cable fails. Onshore DC collection has slightly lower requirements for capacity and voltage level, but cannot take advantage of the cluster effect. Onshore multi-terminal DC collection reduces the demand for transmission channels and improves reliability, but it is costly and difficult to control the current. For different offshore wind power clusters, it is necessary to combine the cluster size and offshore distance, and use power system planning theory to determine the most suitable and economical access method and transmission capacity.

[0112] The HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes offshore booster stations, submarine DC cables, and converter valves. The cost model of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes the technical investment cost of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster. Annual operation and maintenance cost Annual loss cost Annual failure loss cost C down In order to compare the economic benefits of different access systems, the annual value comparison method is used to convert various costs into annual values, as follows:

[0113]

[0114] In the formula, is the equivalent annual cost of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster; T DC Indicates the service life of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster.

[0115] Technical investment costs of HVDC access systems for offshore wind power clusters Annual operation and maintenance cost Annual loss cost Annual failure loss cost C down The calculation is as follows:

[0116] (1) Technical investment cost of HVDC access system for offshore wind power clusters Including offshore substation investment costs Investment cost of offshore converter station DC submarine cable investment cost Onshore converter station investment cost and the investment cost of land substation

[0117]

[0118] Offshore substation investment cost Investment cost of offshore converter station DC submarine cable investment cost Onshore converter station investment cost and the investment cost of land substation The calculation of is as follows:

[0119]

[0120]

[0121]

[0122]

[0123]

[0124] in, Respectively represent the rated apparent power of the power frequency offshore substation and the power frequency onshore substation; They represent the rated active power of the offshore converter station and the onshore converter station of the DC access system respectively; is a constant, which is related to the selection of DC submarine cable; Indicates the rated capacity of the DC submarine cable; represents the laying cost of DC submarine cable; n DC Indicates the number of DC submarine cables; Indicates the length of the DC submarine cable.

[0125] (2) During the service life of the offshore wind power HVDC access system, the annual operation and maintenance costs are incurred. The annual operation and maintenance costs of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster are: for:

[0126]

[0127] in, Respectively represent the annual operation and maintenance cost rate of the corresponding equipment; C rent Indicates the annual sea area lease fee.

[0128] (3) Annual loss cost of HVDC access system for offshore wind power cluster The electricity price for offshore wind power is p sale The product of the annual power loss, including the power loss of the substation Converter station loss And DC submarine cable loss The specific calculation formula is:

[0129]

[0130] Substation losses Calculated through transformer technical parameters, namely:

[0131]

[0132] in, Indicates the rated apparent power of the power frequency transformer; Indicates the no-load loss of the transformer; Represents the load loss of the transformer; S in Indicates the input capacity of the transformer;

[0133] Converter Station Losses in DC Transmission Systems Its input power Fixed loss rate Multiply them together and we get:

[0134]

[0135] DC submarine cable loss Calculated by its own parameters, namely:

[0136]

[0137] in, Indicates the resistance per unit length of DC submarine cable; Indicates the power transmitted by the DC submarine cable; Indicates the rated voltage of the DC submarine cable.

[0138] (4) During the operation of the offshore wind power access system, there will be fixed shutdowns due to maintenance plans, or forced shutdowns due to unexpected factors such as power outages and failures. These shutdown events make it impossible for wind power to be smoothly connected to the grid, and the resulting economic losses are called failure loss costs. Annual failure loss cost C down as follows:

[0139]

[0140] Among them, N W Indicates the number of wind farms contained in the offshore wind power cluster; represents the rated installed capacity of offshore wind farm n; CF n represents the capacity factor of the offshore wind farm n; represents the forced outage rate of offshore wind farm n; represents the annual average forced shutdown duration of offshore wind farm n; T down The duration of annual maintenance.

[0141] The HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes an offshore booster station, a submarine AC cable, and a reactive power compensation station. The cost model of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes the technical investment cost of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster. Annual operation and maintenance cost Annual loss cost Annual failure loss cost C down ; The details are as follows:

[0142]

[0143] in, represents the equivalent annual cost of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster; T AC represents the service life of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster. Annual failure loss cost Cdown The calculation method of is shown in the above method.

[0144] (1) Technical investment cost of HVAC access system for offshore wind power clusters Including offshore substation investment costs AC submarine cable investment cost Reactive power compensation station investment cost C react , Investment cost of land substation And the high voltage circuit breaker investment cost C swg , as follows:

[0145]

[0146] in, and The calculation of AC submarine cable investment cost is as follows: Reactive power compensation station investment cost C react , and the high voltage circuit breaker investment cost C swg The calculation of is as follows:

[0147]

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] in, is a constant related to the AC submarine cable model; Indicates the rated capacity of the AC submarine cable; represents the laying cost of AC submarine cable; n AC Indicates the number of AC submarine cables; Indicates the length of the AC submarine cable; k R , k T It is a constant related to the reactive power compensation position, which can be divided into the beginning and end of the line, etc.; Indicates the admittance of the AC submarine cable that requires reactive power compensation; Represent the rated voltages of the AC submarine cable and high-voltage circuit breaker respectively.

[0151] (2) Annual operation and maintenance costs of HVAC access systems for offshore wind farms for:

[0152]

[0153] in, α react Respectively represent the annual operation and maintenance cost rate of AC submarine cable and reactive power compensation station; C rent Indicates the annual sea area lease fee.

[0154] (3) Annual loss cost of HVAC access system for offshore wind power cluster for:

[0155]

[0156] in, They represent the substation loss and AC submarine cable active line loss respectively;

[0157]

[0158] in, k0 is a constant related to the voltage of the AC submarine cable. Indicates the power transmitted by the AC submarine cable; Indicates the rated capacity of the AC submarine cable.

[0159] Step S4, establish an offshore wind power cluster access planning model considering all power generation scenarios. The objective function of the offshore wind power cluster access planning model is to optimize the comprehensive economic efficiency of the system, that is, after considering conventional power generation scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios, the investment cost C of the access system is taken into account. ann , Unit power generation cost Wind curtailment penalty costs And the cost of load loss in extreme scenarios The annual comprehensive cost of C com Taking minimization as the optimization goal, corresponding constraints are set, including power balance constraints, reserve constraints, spinning reserve constraints, unit output constraints, unit climbing constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints, branch flow constraints, and offshore wind power cluster transmission constraints.

[0160] The optimization objective function of the offshore wind power cluster access planning model considering the full power generation scenario is:

[0161]

[0162] Among them, N S represents the sum of the number of conventional power generation scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios of offshore wind power throughout the year; θ s represents the probability of scene s; C ann represents the equivalent annual cost of the offshore wind power access system, that is or

[0163] Generating cost of unit Including the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power units and the fuel costs of thermal power units, the power generation costs of renewable energy units are not included. The start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power units are fixed values, and the fuel costs of thermal power units are calculated using a multi-stage ladder cost curve. The power generation cost is expressed as:

[0164]

[0165] Where T represents the number of time periods for each power generation scenario; N G Indicates the number of thermal power units; They represent the startup and shutdown costs of thermal power unit i in time period t under scenario s; Δt represents the length of the time period; M G Indicates the number of segments of the step-type cost curve of thermal power units; represents the fuel price of thermal power unit i in the mth output range under scenario s; It represents the power generation of thermal power unit i in the mth output interval in time period t under scenario s.

[0166] The system allows a certain degree of power abandonment based on the expected offshore wind power consumption to reasonably reduce the capacity demand of the transmission channel, and the penalty cost of wind abandonment as follows:

[0167]

[0168]

[0169] Among them, N W Indicates the number of offshore wind power clusters connected to the grid; represents the dynamic penalty factor for time period t under scenario s, represents the abandoned power of offshore wind power cluster i in time period t under scenario s; β s represents the expected parameters for offshore wind power consumption under scenario s; represents the offshore wind power sales price in time period t under scenario s; represents the declared output of offshore wind power cluster i in time period t under scenario s; D t,s represents the load of the system in time period t under scenario s; is the maximum load of the system under scenario s;

[0170] The increased risk of offshore wind power load shedding caused by extreme weather will seriously affect the balance of the power system and the utilization rate of the access system. Therefore, it is necessary to allow system load shedding in extreme power generation scenarios. The cost of load shedding in extreme scenarios is for:

[0171]

[0172] in, represents the load loss penalty rate under extreme scenario s; J t represents the number of nodes that lose load during period t; w j represents the load weight coefficient of the load-losing node j; It represents the load power removed from the load-losing node j in time period t under the extreme scenario s.

[0173] In summary, the objective function of the offshore wind power cluster access planning model considering the full power generation scenario established by the present invention can be described as:

[0174]

[0175] The constraints are as follows:

[0176] (1) Power balance constraint: The total power generated by all units in the system must be balanced with the power required by users at all times:

[0177]

[0178] Where N represents the number of all types of units in the system, and Ω represents the set of all offshore wind power generation scenarios.

[0179] (2) Reserve constraint: The system needs to have reserve capacity to cope with fluctuations in supply and demand due to errors in load forecasting, forced shutdown of units, and fluctuations in the output of renewable energy.

[0180]

[0181] Among them, the 0-1 variable u i,t,s Indicates the start / stop status of unit i in time period t under scenario s, 1 indicates running, and 0 indicates not running; Indicates the maximum and minimum technical output of unit i; It represents the positive and negative spare capacity requirements of the system in time period t under scenario s.

[0182] (3) Spinning reserve constraint: The total up- or down-regulation capacity of the unit needs to meet the demand for up- or down-regulation of spinning reserve. To represent the maximum positive and negative ramp rates of unit i, Indicates the positive and negative spinning reserve requirements of the system in time period t under scenario s:

[0183]

[0184] (4) Unit output constraints:

[0185]

[0186] (5) Unit climbing constraints:

[0187]

[0188] (6) Minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints: Due to physical characteristics and service life, thermal power units cannot be started and stopped at any time. Indicates the duration of continuous startup and shutdown of unit i in time period t under scenario s, Indicates the minimum time that unit i needs to keep running or shut down after each startup or shutdown:

[0189]

[0190] (7) Branch flow constraints: The flow of each branch cannot exceed the limit to ensure safe operation. Represents the positive and negative power flow limits of the branch, P l,t,s is the active power flow of branch l in time period t under scenario s:

[0191]

[0192] (8) Offshore wind power cluster transmission constraints: The grid-connected power of an offshore wind power cluster is subject to the rated capacity of the transmission submarine cable. Constraints:

[0193]

[0194] Step S5, solving the offshore wind power cluster access planning model, and comparing to obtain the optimal access planning solution.

[0195] In order to verify the effectiveness of the model and method proposed in this invention, an improved IEEE30-node system is used for case analysis. Four offshore wind power cluster access schemes, namely, offshore DC collection, onshore DC collection, onshore multi-terminal DC collection, and AC point-to-point access, are planned and recorded as topology 1, topology 2, topology 3, and topology 4. Figure 5 Four types of submarine cable topologies.

[0196] The example of the present invention plans four offshore wind power cluster access schemes, namely, offshore DC collection, onshore DC collection, onshore multi-terminal DC collection, and AC point-to-point access, under the setting of 70km offshore distance and 30km wind farm distance, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed offshore wind power cluster access planning technology considering the full power generation scenario. During the planning process, the minimum increment of the submarine cable capacity is set to 5MW, and the planning result should meet the technical constraint that the offshore wind power abandonment rate does not exceed 5%.

[0197] Table 2 Offshore wind power cluster access planning results

[0198]

[0199] According to the economic indicators of each scheme in Table 2, it can be seen that the comprehensive operating cost of the topology 3 access scheme is 11.9%, 11.9%, and 3.4% higher than the other three schemes, respectively, and the economy is poor. The total system cost of the topology 1 and topology 2 access schemes is lower, and they have more advantages in terms of economy. Comparing the planned capacity of submarine cables and the annual cost of the access system of different access schemes, it can be found that the submarine cable of topology 2 is only used for power transmission of a single wind farm, so the capacity of its DC submarine cable 2 is 28.9% lower than that of topology 1. However, topology 1 improves the efficiency of submarine cable use by sharing DC submarine cable 2 in two wind farms, and only slightly increases the cost of the access system by 0.34%. Topology 3 adopts a ring structure. Although it has the highest reliability, the complex structure requires a larger submarine cable capacity, resulting in its cost being 98.6%, 99.2%, and 18.1% higher than other schemes. Although topology 4 has a simpler structure, its access system cost is 67.9% and 68.5% higher than that of topology 1 and topology 2, respectively. This is because the reactive power compensation cost of the HVAC transmission system increases with the power growth. At an offshore distance of 70 km, topology 4 incurs high reactive power compensation costs to ensure that the power abandonment rate does not exceed 5%, reflecting the economic disadvantages of HVAC transmission in remote offshore applications.

[0200] Based on the above analysis, the access solution of topology 1 has low comprehensive operating costs, good system economy and higher scalability than the access solution of topology 2, so the offshore DC aggregation access solution is the best choice.

[0201] in addition, Figure 6 The composition of system costs under each access scheme is shown, and the main factors affecting the economic feasibility of each scheme are analyzed.

[0202] Among the equivalent annual costs of the HVDC access system, the investment cost of the sea-to-land DC converter station accounts for the highest proportion, followed by the higher operation and maintenance costs. For the HVAC access system, when the submarine cable transmission distance is short, the cost is mainly concentrated on the AC submarine cable and the booster substation. However, in the case of 70 kilometers offshore, the cost of the reactive power compensation station accounts for as high as 56.8%, far exceeding the proportion of the converter station cost in the HVDC access system, becoming the main factor leading to the sharp increase in the cost of the HVAC access system.

[0203] The example further studies the applicable distance of HVAC access method. Taking the offshore DC aggregation scheme topology 2 and AC point-to-point access scheme topology 4 with similar topological structures as examples, the relationship between offshore distance and the annual investment cost of the access system and the submarine cable capacity is as follows: Figure 7 shown.

[0204] When the offshore distance of the offshore wind power cluster increases, the increase in the equivalent annual investment cost of the HVDC access method is mainly affected by the increase in operation and maintenance costs, while the cost growth rate of the HVAC access method exceeds that of HVDC due to the high cost of reactive power compensation. When the offshore distance increases from 10km to 100km, the equivalent annual cost of the onshore DC collection system increases by 19.4%, while the point-to-point AC access system is as high as 68.0%. This cost difference significantly limits the application of HVAC in long-distance offshore wind power grid connection. For this example system, the economically applicable offshore distance for HVAC access is about 25km. Beyond this range, the HVDC access method is more economical.

[0205] Embodiment 2:

[0206] like Figure 8 As shown, based on the same inventive concept as that of Example 1, this embodiment provides an offshore wind power cluster access planning system considering a full power generation scenario, which is applied to the method described, including:

[0207] Data preparation module, used to collect data and set parameters, where the data includes cost parameters of access system, offshore wind power system data, unit parameters, and load data; the units include thermal power units, hydropower units, photovoltaic units, onshore wind power units, and offshore wind power units;

[0208] The scenario screening module is used to analyze the output characteristic indicators of offshore wind power clusters under multiple weather conditions, screen the conventional power generation scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios of offshore wind power clusters, select the typical output of renewable energy units, and obtain the power generation output P of unit i in time period t under scenario s. i,t,s ;

[0209] Cost modeling module, used to build the cost model of offshore wind power cluster access system, including the HVDC access system cost model of offshore wind power cluster and the HVAC access system cost model of offshore wind power cluster;

[0210] The optimization modeling module is used to establish an offshore wind power cluster access planning model considering the full power generation scenario, with the access system investment cost C ann , Unit power generation cost Wind curtailment penalty costs And the cost of load loss in extreme scenarios The annual comprehensive cost of C com Minimization is the optimization goal, and corresponding constraints are set, including power balance constraints, reserve constraints, spinning reserve constraints, unit output constraints, unit ramp constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints, branch power flow constraints, and offshore wind power cluster transmission constraints;

[0211] The model solving module is used to solve the offshore wind power cluster access planning model and compare and obtain the optimal access planning scheme.

[0212] Embodiment 3:

[0213] Based on the same inventive concept as Example 1, this embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering the full power generation scenario.

[0214] Embodiment 4:

[0215] Based on the same inventive concept as Example 1, this embodiment provides a processor, characterized in that the processor is used to run a program, wherein when the program is running, it executes: the offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering the full power generation scenario.

[0216] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the modules of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition of each example has been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0217] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the division of modules is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, for example, multiple modules can be combined into one module, one module can be split into multiple modules, or some features can be ignored, etc.

[0218] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.

[0219] If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-0nlyMemory), random access memory (RAM, RandomAccessMemory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program code.

[0220] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planning access to offshore wind power clusters considering a full power generation scenario, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, collecting data and setting parameters, wherein the data includes cost parameters of the access system, offshore wind power system data, unit parameters, and load data; the units include thermal power units, hydropower units, photovoltaic units, onshore wind power units, and offshore wind power units; Step S2: Analyze the output characteristic indicators of offshore wind power clusters under multiple weather conditions, screen the conventional power generation scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios of offshore wind power clusters, select the typical output of renewable energy units, and obtain the power generation output P of unit i in time period t under scenario s. i,t,s ; Step S3, constructing a cost model of an offshore wind power cluster access system, including a cost model of an HVDC access system of an offshore wind power cluster and a cost model of an HVAC access system of an offshore wind power cluster; Step S4: Establish an offshore wind power cluster access planning model considering the full power generation scenario, with the access system investment cost C ann , Unit power generation cost Wind curtailment penalty costs And the cost of load loss in extreme scenarios The annual comprehensive cost of C com Minimization is the optimization goal, and corresponding constraints are set, including power balance constraints, reserve constraints, spinning reserve constraints, unit output constraints, unit ramp constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints, branch power flow constraints, and offshore wind power cluster transmission constraints; Step S5, solving the offshore wind power cluster access planning model, and comparing to obtain the optimal access planning solution.

2. According to claim 1, a method for planning access to an offshore wind power cluster considering a full power generation scenario is characterized in that: The HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes offshore booster stations, submarine DC cables, and converter valves. The cost model of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes the technical investment cost of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster. Annual operation and maintenance cost Annual loss cost Annual failure loss cost C down ; The details are as follows: In the formula, is the equivalent annual cost of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster; T DC Indicates the service life of the HVDC access system of the offshore wind power cluster.

3. The offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering the full power generation scenario according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Technical investment costs of HVDC access systems for offshore wind power clusters Annual operation and maintenance cost Annual loss cost Annual failure loss cost C down The calculation is as follows: (1) Technical investment cost of HVDC access system for offshore wind power clusters Including offshore substation investment costs Investment cost of offshore converter station DC submarine cable investment cost Onshore converter station investment cost and the investment cost of land substation (2) Annual operation and maintenance costs of HVDC access systems for offshore wind power clusters for: in, Respectively represent the annual operation and maintenance cost rate of the corresponding equipment; C rent It represents the annual sea area lease fee; (3) Annual loss cost of HVDC access system for offshore wind power cluster The electricity price for offshore wind power is p sale The product of the annual power loss, including the power loss of the substation Converter station loss And DC submarine cable loss The specific calculation formula is: Substation losses Calculated through transformer technical parameters, namely: in, Indicates the rated apparent power of the power frequency transformer; Indicates the no-load loss of the transformer; Represents the load loss of the transformer; S in Indicates the input capacity of the transformer; Converter Station Losses in DC Transmission Systems Its input power Fixed loss rate Multiply them together and we get: DC submarine cable loss Calculated by its own parameters, namely: in, Indicates the resistance per unit length of DC submarine cable; Indicates the power transmitted by the DC submarine cable; Indicates the rated voltage of the DC submarine cable; (4) Annual failure loss cost C down as follows: Among them, N W Indicates the number of wind farms contained in the offshore wind power cluster; represents the rated installed capacity of offshore wind farm n; CF n represents the capacity factor of the offshore wind farm n; represents the forced outage rate of offshore wind farm n; represents the annual average forced shutdown duration of offshore wind farm n; T down The duration of annual maintenance.

4. The offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering the full power generation scenario according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Offshore substation investment cost Investment cost of offshore converter station DC submarine cable investment cost Onshore converter station investment cost and the investment cost of land substation The calculation of is as follows: in, Respectively represent the rated apparent power of the power frequency offshore substation and the power frequency onshore substation; They represent the rated active power of the offshore converter station and the onshore converter station of the DC access system respectively; is a constant, which is related to the selection of DC submarine cable; Indicates the rated capacity of the DC submarine cable; represents the laying cost of DC submarine cable; n DC Indicates the number of DC submarine cables; Indicates the length of the DC submarine cable.

5. The offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering the full power generation scenario according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes an offshore booster station, a submarine AC cable, and a reactive power compensation station. The cost model of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster includes the technical investment cost of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster. Annual operation and maintenance cost Annual loss cost Annual failure loss cost C down ; The details are as follows: in, represents the equivalent annual cost of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster; T AC Indicates the service life of the HVAC access system of the offshore wind power cluster; Specifically, (1) Technical investment cost of HVAC access system for offshore wind power clusters Including offshore substation investment costs AC submarine cable investment cost Reactive power compensation station investment cost C react , Investment cost of land substation And the high voltage circuit breaker investment cost C swg , as follows: (2) Annual operation and maintenance costs of HVAC access systems for offshore wind farms for: in, α react Respectively represent the annual operation and maintenance cost rate of AC submarine cable and reactive power compensation station; C rent It represents the annual sea area lease fee; (3) Annual loss cost of HVAC access system for offshore wind power cluster for: in, They represent the substation loss and the AC submarine cable active line loss respectively; in, k0 is a constant related to the voltage of the AC submarine cable. Indicates the power transmitted by the AC submarine cable; Indicates the rated capacity of the AC submarine cable.

6. The offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering the full power generation scenario according to claim 5 is characterized in that: AC submarine cable investment cost Reactive power compensation station investment cost C react , and the high voltage circuit breaker investment cost C swg The calculation of is as follows: in, is a constant related to the AC submarine cable model; Indicates the rated capacity of the AC submarine cable; represents the laying cost of AC submarine cable; n AC Indicates the number of AC submarine cables; Indicates the length of the AC submarine cable; k R , k T is a constant related to the reactive power compensation position; Indicates the admittance of the AC submarine cable that requires reactive power compensation; Represent the rated voltages of the AC submarine cable and high-voltage circuit breaker respectively.

7. The offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering the full power generation scenario according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The optimization objective function of the offshore wind power cluster access planning model considering the full power generation scenario in step S4 is: Among them, N S represents the sum of the number of conventional power generation scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios of offshore wind power throughout the year; θ s represents the probability of scene s; C ann represents the equivalent annual cost of the offshore wind power access system; Generating cost of unit Including the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power units and the fuel costs of thermal power units, the power generation cost is expressed as: Where T represents the number of time periods for each power generation scenario; N G Indicates the number of thermal power units; They represent the startup and shutdown costs of thermal power unit i in time period t under scenario s; Δt represents the length of the time period; M G Indicates the number of segments of the step-type cost curve of thermal power units; represents the fuel price of thermal power unit i in the mth output range under scenario s; It represents the power generation of thermal power unit i in the mth output interval in time period t under scenario s. Wind curtailment penalty costs as follows: Among them, N W Indicates the number of offshore wind power clusters connected to the grid; represents the dynamic penalty factor for time period t under scenario s, represents the abandoned power of offshore wind power cluster i in time period t under scenario s; β s represents the expected parameters for offshore wind power consumption under scenario s; represents the offshore wind power sales price in time period t under scenario s; represents the declared output of offshore wind power cluster i in time period t under scenario s; D t,s represents the load of the system in time period t under scenario s; D s max is the maximum load of the system under scenario s; Load loss cost in extreme scenarios for: in, represents the load loss penalty rate under extreme scenario s; J t represents the number of nodes that lose load during period t; w j represents the load weight coefficient of the load-losing node j; It represents the load power removed from the load-losing node j in time period t under the extreme scenario s.

8. An offshore wind power cluster access planning system considering all power generation scenarios, characterized in that: The method applied to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: Data preparation module, used to collect data and set parameters, where the data includes cost parameters of access system, offshore wind power system data, unit parameters, and load data; the units include thermal power units, hydropower units, photovoltaic units, onshore wind power units, and offshore wind power units; The scenario screening module is used to analyze the output characteristic indicators of offshore wind power clusters under multiple weather conditions, screen the conventional power generation scenarios and extreme power generation scenarios of offshore wind power clusters, select the typical output of renewable energy units, and obtain the power generation output P of unit i in time period t under scenario s. i,t,s ; Cost modeling module, used to build the cost model of offshore wind power cluster access system, including the HVDC access system cost model of offshore wind power cluster and the HVAC access system cost model of offshore wind power cluster; The optimization modeling module is used to establish an offshore wind power cluster access planning model considering the full power generation scenario, with the access system investment cost C ann , Unit power generation cost Wind curtailment penalty costs And the cost of load loss in extreme scenarios The annual comprehensive cost of C com Minimization is the optimization goal, and corresponding constraints are set, including power balance constraints, reserve constraints, spinning reserve constraints, unit output constraints, unit ramp constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints, branch power flow constraints, and offshore wind power cluster transmission constraints; The model solving module is used to solve the offshore wind power cluster access planning model and compare and obtain the optimal access planning scheme.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering the full power generation scenario as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A processor, characterized in that: The processor is used to run a program, wherein the program, when running, executes the offshore wind power cluster access planning method considering the full power generation scenario as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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