A bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation and construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation and a construction method, which relates to the technical field of marine engineering equipment, including an outer shell, a central tube, a sand discharge mechanism, a conical drill bit, a driving mechanism, a water diversion assembly and a straightening device. The outer shell is an ellipsoid with openings at both ends, and the central tube is vertically fixedly penetrated inside the outer shell. The sand discharge mechanism is arranged in the central tube, including a spiral shaft and spiral blades, the conical drill bit is installed at the lower end of the spiral shaft, and the water diversion assembly includes a plurality of water diversion pipes vertically penetrated in the outer shell, and both ends of the water diversion pipes pass through the outer shell and are detachably fixedly connected thereto. The driving mechanism includes a waterproof motor and a transmission shaft, and the waterproof motor is fixed to the upper end of each water diversion pipe through a motor bracket to drive the spiral shaft to rotate. The self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation is equipped with a straightening device. The present invention adopts the method of water injection impact and soil discharge sinking, and the self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation has high sinking efficiency, does not require large equipment during the construction process, has low construction cost, and is not limited in burial depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering equipment, and in particular to a bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Floating offshore platforms are mainly used in offshore wind power, offshore photovoltaic and offshore oil and gas platform projects in deep waters due to their high risk resistance, convenient construction and high flexibility. Floating offshore platforms usually use pile foundations as anchoring foundations. The surface of the seabed is silty sand, and the soil layer below the silty sand is mainly sand, clay or interlayer soil. When pile foundations are used as the anchoring foundation of floating offshore platforms, the length of the pile body needs to meet certain requirements, which incurs high costs in the design, processing and transportation links, and requires large pile-driving ships to install the pile foundation to a certain depth inside the seabed. As the water depth increases, the construction cost and construction period also increase accordingly.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN112078728A provides a new type of torpedo anchor based on bionics and its construction method, including an anchor body, an anchor rod, an anchor wing, an anchor tip and a spiral telescopic mechanism. After the initial penetration is completed, the spiral telescopic mechanism is linked by tightening the working anchor chain, so that the internal anchor rod penetrates downward, achieving secondary penetration into the soil, and improving the pull-out bearing capacity and stability of the anchor body. However, the torpedo anchor is easily affected by ocean currents during installation, resulting in a large gap between the installation position and the predetermined position. The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN105735391A proposes an underwater excavation soft robot, which needs to install multiple motors inside it. When the soft robot is used as a long-term anchoring foundation, the abandonment of the motor will greatly increase the project cost. In addition, the soft robot only considers the mechanical behavior of bamboo clams during excavation, and does not consider the problem of abandoned soil generated during soil excavation, so the burial depth is limited to a certain extent.

[0004] Existing solutions cannot provide accurate anchoring for floating foundations, and the construction cost is relatively high. In order to improve the risk resistance of floating offshore platforms, shorten the construction period, and reduce construction costs, a bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation is proposed based on the sand discharge phenomenon of bamboo clams when digging in sand. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, one object of the present invention is to propose a bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation to solve the problems that the existing anchoring foundation structure requires large equipment for installation, the construction cost is high as the water depth increases, the construction period is long, the burial depth is limited to a certain extent, and the construction is difficult.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation comprises an outer shell, a central tube, a sand discharge mechanism, a conical drill bit, a driving mechanism and a water diversion assembly. The outer shell is an ellipsoidal metal shell with openings at both ends and is vertically arranged along its long axis direction; the central tube is vertically penetrated inside the outer shell and is coaxially arranged with the long axis of the outer shell.

[0008] The sand discharge mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the central tube, and comprises a spiral shaft and spiral blades. The spiral shaft is coaxially arranged relative to the central tube, and the upper and lower ends of the spiral shaft are rotatably connected to the central tube through an upper bearing frame and a lower bearing frame respectively, and the spiral blades are fixed on the circumferential outer wall of the spiral shaft.

[0009] The conical drill bit is installed at the lower end of the spiral shaft. The water diversion assembly includes multiple water diversion pipes vertically penetrated inside the shell. All water diversion pipes are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the periphery of the central tube. The upper and lower ends of the water diversion pipes pass through the shell and are detachably fixed thereto.

[0010] The driving mechanism includes a waterproof motor and a transmission shaft. The waterproof motor is fixedly installed on the upper end of each water diversion pipe through a motor bracket. The transmission shaft is arranged vertically. The upper end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the waterproof motor, and the lower end is detachably connected to the upper end of the spiral shaft through a spline assembly.

[0011] The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation is equipped with a righting device, which includes a righting frame and multiple telescopic positioning mechanisms. The righting frame is an annular frame structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. Each group of telescopic positioning mechanisms is evenly arranged in a ring shape on the inner side of the righting frame. Each group of telescopic positioning mechanisms includes at least two telescopic positioning mechanisms arranged vertically at intervals. The telescopic positioning mechanisms can constrain the outer shell to vertically downward enter the interior of the seabed soil layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the shell are respectively provided with a circular upper port and a lower port, and the central tube is a straight circular tube with a uniform cross-section, the upper end of which passes through the upper port of the shell and is fixedly welded thereto, and the lower end of which is located on the inner side of the lower port of the shell and is fixedly welded thereto.

[0013] Furthermore, reinforcing rib plates equal in number to the water diversion pipes are provided between the central tube and the outer shell, all reinforcing rib plates are arranged vertically, and are evenly and alternately arranged in sequence with all the water diversion pipes on a circle with the axis of the central tube as the center.

[0014] The reinforcing rib plate is a hollow steel plate with openings, one side of the reinforcing rib plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central tube, and the other side is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell. The reinforcing rib plate divides the space between the outer wall of the central tube and the inner wall of the outer shell into a plurality of interconnected chambers, and a reflux hole is opened on the upper side wall of the central tube.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper bearing frame includes a first bearing seat and multiple first rod bodies. The first bearing seat is coaxially arranged with the center tube. All the first rod bodies are evenly arranged in a ring shape on the periphery of the first bearing seat. The circumferential outer wall of the first bearing seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the center tube through the first rod body.

[0016] The lower bearing frame includes a second bearing seat and multiple second rods. The second bearing seat is also coaxially arranged with the central tube. All second rods are evenly arranged in a ring shape on the periphery of the second bearing seat. The circumferential outer wall of the second bearing seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central tube through the second rod.

[0017] The upper and lower ends of the spiral shaft are respectively arranged inside the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat, and are rotatably matched with the first and second bearing seats. The spiral blade is located between the upper bearing frame and the lower bearing frame.

[0018] Furthermore, the conical drill bit is a cone with the tip facing downwards, the conical drill bit is coaxially arranged with the screw shaft, and the upper end surface of the conical drill bit is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw shaft.

[0019] A plurality of spiral sand removal grooves are provided on the circumferential side wall of the conical drill bit. All the sand removal grooves are evenly distributed on a circle with the axis of the conical drill bit as the center. The depth of the sand removal grooves increases gradually from bottom to top and extends to the upper end surface of the conical drill bit.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper end of the outer shell is provided with upper holes whose number is equal to the water diversion pipes and whose positions correspond one to one, and an upper sleeve is adjacent to the lower side of each upper hole. The lower end of the outer shell is provided with lower holes whose number is equal to the water diversion pipes and whose positions correspond one to one, and a lower sleeve is adjacent to the upper side of each lower hole.

[0021] The inner diameter of the upper through hole is larger than that of the lower through hole. The lower end of each water diversion pipe passes through the inner side of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve in sequence and is detachably fixedly connected with the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are both a section of straight pipe, the outer walls of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are fixedly welded to the outer shell and the center tube through a connecting plate, and the outer diameter of the water pipe is equal to the inner diameter of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve.

[0023] The inner wall of the upper sleeve has a first vertical groove opened along its axial direction, and the inner wall has a first arc groove opened along its circumferential direction. The upper and lower ends of the first vertical groove extend to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the upper sleeve, and the first arc groove is connected to the middle part of the first vertical groove.

[0024] The inner wall of the lower sleeve has a second arc groove opened along its circumferential direction, and the upper side of the second arc groove has a second vertical groove opened along the axial direction of the lower sleeve. The upper end of the second vertical groove extends to the upper end surface of the lower sleeve, and its lower end is connected to the second arc groove.

[0025] Two positioning blocks are fixed on the circumferential side wall of the water diversion pipe, and the two positioning blocks correspond to the positions of the first arc groove and the second arc groove respectively. When the water diversion pipe passes through the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve, the two positioning blocks enter the corresponding arc grooves through the vertical grooves respectively and rotate the water diversion pipe, and then the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve lock the water diversion pipe.

[0026] Furthermore, the motor bracket includes a mounting plate, a third bearing seat and an open locking sleeve, the third bearing seat is fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate, the waterproof motor is fixed to the top of the mounting plate, and the upper end of the transmission shaft passes through the inner side of the third bearing seat and is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the waterproof motor.

[0027] The spline assembly includes a spline shaft and a spline sleeve. The lower end of the spline shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the top end of the spiral shaft as a whole, and the upper end of the spline sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft as a whole. The spline shaft can be inserted into the spline sleeve and plugged into it.

[0028] The lower periphery of the third bearing seat is provided with an open locking sleeve with an equal number to the water diversion pipes and corresponding positions. The outer side wall of each open locking sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third bearing seat through an inclined third rod body. The upper end of each water diversion pipe is inserted into the corresponding open locking sleeve, and the locking bolt arranged on the open locking sleeve fixes the water diversion pipe.

[0029] Furthermore, the telescopic positioning mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder and an arc plate. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the straightening frame along the normal direction of the straightening frame. The arc plate is located on the inner side of the straightening frame, and the middle part of its outer side wall is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0030] The inner side of each curved plate has a limit plate arranged in sequence along the curvature direction. Each limit plate is movably connected to the curved plate through a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the curved plate, and the other end is hinged to the corresponding limit plate. The side of the limit plate facing away from the curved plate is a curved surface, and a rubber strip is fixed on the curved surface.

[0031] Another object of the present invention is to provide a bionic bamboo clam self-tapping deep-sea anchoring construction method.

[0032] A bionic bamboo clam self-tapping deep-sea anchoring construction method adopts the above-mentioned bionic bamboo clam self-tapping deep-sea anchoring foundation, and the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Use simple lifting equipment on land to vertically place the shell on the inner side of the uprighting frame. The actuator ends of each telescopic positioning mechanism move synchronously toward the center of the uprighting frame to clamp the shell and fix it on the inner side of the uprighting frame, keeping the shell in a vertical state.

[0034] Step 2: vertically penetrate each of the water pipes through the top of the shell into the interior thereof. After being in place, the lower end of the water pipe passes through the bottom of the shell, and the water pipe is rotated to be locked with the shell.

[0035] Assemble the waterproof motor, motor bracket and transmission shaft together and hoist them above the casing. Then, the lower end of the transmission shaft is connected to the upper end of the spiral shaft. At the same time, the upper ends of each water pipe pass through the inner side of the motor bracket and are fixedly connected thereto to form a combination.

[0036] Step 3: Use a transport ship to transport the assembly in step 2 to a predetermined installation area in the ocean. Use an underwater robot to level the seabed surface in the predetermined installation area, connect one end of the anchor chain to the outer shell, connect the connection terminal of the waterproof motor to the power supply system of the transport ship, and then use the ship-borne lifting equipment to lift the assembly onto the leveled seabed surface.

[0037] Step 4: The actuator ends of the telescopic positioning mechanisms move in the opposite direction, release the clamping force on the shell, stop moving and remain in a position close to the side wall of the shell, constrain the shell to remain in a vertical state, and the lower outer wall of the shell presses against the seabed surface.

[0038] Start the waterproof motor, which drives the spiral shaft and the conical drill bit to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft. The sand and soil under the outer shell enter the center tube through the conical drill bit. The spiral blades transport the sand and soil entering the center tube from bottom to top and discharge it through the upper port of the center tube.

[0039] Step 5. Under the action of gravity, the lower end of the outer shell enters the sand on the seabed, and its outer wall remains in close contact with the sand. A cavity in a negative pressure state is formed under the conical drill bit. Seawater enters the cavity through each water pipe and washes the sand around the cavity to cause it to collapse. The cavity under the outer shell expands, and the conical drill bit and spiral blades continue to discharge sand.

[0040] When the sand is transported upward from the inside of the center tube, it enters the outer shell through the reflux hole located on the upper side wall of the center tube. The outer shell remains vertical and enters the sand and continues to move downward to the set depth position. Then the conical drill bit stops rotating and the waterproof motor and motor bracket are located above the seabed surface.

[0041] Step 6. Remove the righting frame from the seabed surface, release the motor bracket from fixing the upper end of each water pipe, and hoist the waterproof motor, motor bracket and transmission shaft as a whole onto the transport ship. After that, the underwater robot rotates the water pipe in the opposite direction to unlock the water pipes from the outer casing, and pulls each water pipe out of the seabed soil layer through the ship-borne hoisting equipment and recovers it to the transport ship.

[0042] The outer shell, the central tube and the sand discharge mechanism remain in the soil layer below the seabed, the other end of the anchor chain is located on the seabed surface, and the self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation completes the anchoring operation.

[0043] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0044] 1. The present invention imitates the function of bamboo clams to discharge sand and soil during the excavation process in sand and soil, adopts the method of water injection impact and soil discharge sinking, the self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation has high sinking efficiency, short construction period, large pull-out bearing capacity, is not affected by the depth of water, is suitable for seabeds of sand, clay and interlayer soil, and is not limited by the soil quality of the seabed.

[0045] 2. The present invention does not require large-scale installation equipment and complex mechanical structures. It only requires ship-borne lifting equipment to place the self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation and the righting device on the seabed. The waterproof motor drives the conical drill bit to rotate, so that the self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation enters the sand or interlayer soil under the seabed, and the burial depth is not limited.

[0046] 3. The waterproof motor, transmission rod and water pipes of the present invention can be recycled and reused, the construction process is greatly simplified and the construction cost is low.

[0047] 4. The embedding depth of the deep-sea anchoring foundation of the present invention can be adjusted according to the required pull-out bearing capacity requirements, has a wide range of applications, high anchoring stability, and is safer and more reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation and a righting device.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 3 The invention is a partial cross-sectional view of a bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation.

[0051] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the combination of the outer shell and the central tube of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a part thereof shows a sand discharge mechanism and a conical drill bit.

[0053] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper bearing frame of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower bearing frame of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the assembly of the outer shell, the center tube, the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve of the present invention.

[0056] Fig. 9 It is an exploded view of the combination of the water diversion pipe, the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve of the present invention.

[0057] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the righting device of the present invention.

[0058] Fig.11 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the working process of a bionic bamboo clam self-tapping deep-sea anchoring construction method.

[0059] As shown in the figure: 1. Shell; 11. Upper perforation; 12. Reinforcement rib plate; 13. Lower perforation; 2. Center tube; 3. Sand discharge mechanism; 31. Spiral shaft; 32. Spiral blade; 33. Upper bearing frame; 34. Lower bearing frame; 4. Conical drill bit; 41. Sand discharge trough; 51. Waterproof motor; 52. Transmission shaft; 53. Motor bracket; 531. Mounting plate; 532. Third bearing seat; 533. Open locking sleeve; 5 4. Spline shaft; 55. Spline sleeve; 6. Righting device; 61. Righting frame; 62. Hydraulic cylinder; 63. Arc plate; 64. Limit plate; 65. Hard rubber strip; 66. Connecting rod; 7. Water diversion pipe; 71. Upper sleeve; 711. First vertical groove; 712. First arc groove; 72. Lower sleeve; 721. Second vertical groove; 722. Second arc groove; 73. Positioning block; 74. Connecting plate; 8. Anchor chain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the advantages and technical solutions of the present invention more clear and explicit, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0061] Embodiment 1, combination Figures 1 to 10 , a bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation, suitable for seabeds with sand, clay and interlayer soil, the surface of the seabed is silty sand, and below the silty sand is interlayer soil or clay. The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation includes an outer shell 1, a central tube 2, a sand discharge mechanism 3, a conical drill bit 4, a driving mechanism and a water diversion component. The outer shell 1 is an ellipsoidal metal shell with openings at both ends, and is arranged vertically along its long axis. The side wall of the outer shell 1 has high strength. The domestic seabed is mainly interlayer soil, and the surface of the seabed is silty sand. The upper and lower ends of the outer shell 1 are respectively provided with a circular upper port and a lower port, and the centers of the upper port and the lower port are both located on the axis of the long axis of the outer shell 1.

[0062] Specifically, the central tube 2 is a straight circular tube of equal cross-section, and the central tube 2 is vertically penetrated inside the outer shell 1 and arranged coaxially with the long axis of the outer shell 1. The upper end of the central tube 2 passes through the upper port of the outer shell 1 and is fixedly welded thereto, and the lower end thereof is located inside the lower port of the outer shell 1 and is fixedly welded thereto, that is, the upper and lower end surfaces of the central tube 2 respectively pass through the upper port and the lower port of the outer shell 1 by a shorter length, and the upper port and the lower port of the outer shell 1 are respectively welded and sealed to the circumferential outer wall of the central tube 2 as a whole.

[0063] The sand discharge mechanism 3 is arranged inside the center tube 2, and includes a spiral shaft 31 and a spiral blade 32. The spiral shaft 31 is coaxially arranged with the center tube 2, and the upper and lower ends of the spiral shaft 31 are rotatably connected with the center tube 2 through an upper bearing frame 33 and a lower bearing frame 34. The upper bearing frame 33 includes a first bearing seat and a plurality of first rod bodies. The first bearing seat is coaxially arranged with the center tube 2, and all the first rod bodies are evenly arranged in an annular shape on the periphery of the first bearing seat. The circumferential outer wall of the first bearing seat is fixedly connected with the upper end of the center tube 2 through the first rod body.

[0064] The lower bearing frame 34 includes a second bearing seat and multiple second rod bodies. The second bearing seat is also coaxially arranged with the center tube 2. All second rod bodies are evenly arranged in a ring shape on the periphery of the second bearing seat. The circumferential outer wall of the second bearing seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the center tube 2 through the second rod body. Rolling bearings are arranged inside the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat.

[0065] The upper and lower ends of the spiral shaft 31 are respectively inserted into the inner sides of the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat, and are rotatably matched with the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat respectively through rolling bearings. The spiral blade 32 surrounds the circumferential outer wall of the spiral shaft 31 and is welded to the spiral shaft 31 into an integral structure. The spiral blade 32 is located between the upper bearing frame 33 and the lower bearing frame 34. The overall outer diameter of the spiral blade 32 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the center tube 2. During rotation, its outer edge will not interfere with the inner wall of the center tube 2.

[0066] The conical drill bit 4 is mounted on the lower end of the spiral shaft 31. Specifically, the conical drill bit 4 is a cone with the tip facing downward. The conical drill bit 4 is coaxially arranged with the spiral shaft 31, and its upper end surface is fixedly connected to the lower end of the spiral shaft 31. A plurality of spiral sand removal grooves 41 are provided on the circumferential side wall of the conical drill bit 4. All the sand removal grooves 41 are evenly distributed on the circumference with the axis of the conical drill bit 4 as the center. The width and depth of the sand removal grooves 41 gradually increase from bottom to top and extend to the upper end surface of the conical drill bit 4.

[0067] In the initial state, the conical drill bit 4 is in the sand on the surface of the seabed, the spiral shaft 31 drives the spiral blades 32 and the conical drill bit 4 to rotate, the sand enters the sand discharge trough 41 and is transported upward into the inner side of the lower end of the central tube 2, the spiral blades 32 transport the sand from bottom to top inside the central tube 2, and discharge it through the upper port of the central tube 2.

[0068] The water diversion assembly includes a plurality of water diversion pipes 7 vertically penetrated inside the housing 1, all of which are evenly distributed in a ring shape around the periphery of the central tube 2, and the upper and lower ends of the water diversion pipes 7 penetrate the housing 1 and are detachably fixedly connected thereto. The upper end of the housing 1 is provided with upper through holes 11, which are equal in number to the water diversion pipes 7 and have corresponding positions, and an upper sleeve 71 is adjacently disposed on the lower side of each upper through hole 11, and the lower end of the housing 1 is provided with lower through holes 13, which are equal in number to the water diversion pipes 7 and have corresponding positions, and a lower sleeve 72 is adjacently disposed on the upper side of each lower through hole 13.

[0069] The inner diameter of the upper through hole 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the lower through hole 13. The lower ends of the water diversion pipes 7 pass through the inner sides of the upper sleeve 71 and the lower sleeve 72 in sequence, and are detachably fixedly connected to the upper sleeve 71 and the lower sleeve 72. The upper sleeve 71 and the lower sleeve 72 are both a straight tube body. The outer walls of the upper sleeve 71 and the lower sleeve 72 are fixedly welded to the outer wall of the central tube 2 through a connecting plate 74, and the outer diameter of the water diversion pipe 7 is equal to the inner diameter of the upper sleeve 71 and the lower sleeve 72.

[0070] The inner wall of the upper sleeve 71 has a first vertical groove 711 opened along its axial direction, and the inner wall has a first arc groove 712 opened along its circumferential direction. The upper and lower ends of the first vertical groove 711 extend to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the upper sleeve 71, and the first arc groove 712 is connected to the middle part of the first vertical groove 711.

[0071] The inner wall of the lower sleeve 72 has a second arc groove 722 opened along its circumferential direction, and the upper side of the second arc groove 722 has a second vertical groove 721 opened along the axial direction of the lower sleeve 72. The upper end of the second vertical groove 721 extends to the upper end surface of the lower sleeve 72, and the lower end thereof is connected to the second arc groove 722.

[0072] Two positioning blocks 73 are fixed on the circumferential side wall of the water diversion pipe 7, and the two positioning blocks 73 correspond to the positions of the first arc groove 712 and the second arc groove 722 respectively. When the water diversion pipe 7 passes through the upper sleeve 71 and the lower sleeve 72, the two positioning blocks 73 enter the corresponding arc grooves through the vertical grooves respectively and rotate the water diversion pipe 7, and then the upper sleeve 71 and the lower sleeve 72 lock the water diversion pipe 7. During the assembly process, the lower end of each water pipe 7 passes through the corresponding upper sleeve 71 and lower sleeve 72 in turn. After the two positioning blocks 73 enter the first vertical groove 711 and the second vertical groove 721 respectively, the water pipe 7 is rotated so that the two positioning blocks 73 enter the first arc groove 712 of the upper sleeve 71 and the second arc groove 722 of the lower sleeve 72 respectively. At this time, the water pipe 7 will not move along its axial direction relative to the outer shell 1. Afterwards, the upper end of each water pipe 7 is fixedly connected to the motor bracket 53, and the water pipe 7 will not rotate, so that each water pipe 7 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 1 and moves downward with the outer shell 1.

[0073] Between the central tube 2 and the outer shell 1, there are provided reinforcing ribs 12 equal in number to the water diversion pipes 7. All reinforcing ribs 12 are arranged vertically and are alternately and evenly arranged with all the water diversion pipes 7 on the circumference of a circle with the axis of the central tube 2 as the center. The reinforcing ribs 12 are hollow steel plates with openings. One side of the reinforcing ribs 12 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central tube 2, and the other side is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell 1. The function of the reinforcing ribs 12 is to improve the strength of the outer shell 1 and prevent the outer shell 1 from being deformed due to excessive pressure in sand.

[0074] Specifically, the reinforcing rib plate 12 divides the space between the outer wall of the central tube 2 and the inner wall of the shell 1 into a plurality of interconnected chambers, and the upper side wall of the central tube 2 is provided with a reflux hole 21. During the transportation of sand and soil inside the central tube 2, a small amount of sand and soil will enter the interior of the shell 1 through the reflux hole 21. Since the reinforcing rib plate 12 adopts a hollow structure, the sand and soil can be unevenly distributed in the shell 1, thereby increasing the gravity of the shell 1 and making the center of gravity of the shell 1 always on the axis of its long axis, so that the shell 1 remains vertical in the sand and soil and moves downward in a straight line.

[0075] The driving mechanism includes a waterproof motor 51 and a transmission shaft 52. The waterproof motor 51 is fixedly installed on the upper end of each water diversion pipe 7 through a motor bracket 53. The transmission shaft 52 is arranged vertically. The upper end of the transmission shaft 52 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the waterproof motor 51, and the lower end thereof is detachably connected to the upper end of the spiral shaft 31 through a spline assembly.

[0076] Specifically, the motor bracket 53 includes a mounting plate 531, a third bearing seat 532 and an open locking sleeve 533. The third bearing seat 532 is fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate 531, and the waterproof motor 51 is fixed to the top of the mounting plate 531. The upper end of the transmission shaft 52 passes through the inner side of the third bearing seat 532 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the waterproof motor 51.

[0077] The spline assembly includes a spline shaft 54 ​​and a spline sleeve 55. The lower end of the spline shaft 54 ​​is coaxially fixedly connected to the top end of the screw shaft 31 as a whole, and the upper end of the spline sleeve 55 is coaxially fixedly connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft 52 as a whole. The spline shaft 54 ​​can be inserted into the spline sleeve 55 and plugged into it. The output shaft of the waterproof motor 51 drives the screw shaft 31 to rotate through the transmission shaft 52. After the construction is completed, the transmission shaft 52 and the screw shaft 31 are easy to disassemble.

[0078] The lower periphery of the third bearing seat 532 is provided with the open locking sleeves 533, which are equal to the number of the water pipes 7 and correspond to each other in position. The outer wall of each open locking sleeve 533 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third bearing seat 532 through an inclined third rod body 534. The upper end of each water pipe 7 is inserted into the corresponding open locking sleeve 533, and the locking bolts arranged on the open locking sleeve 533 fix the water pipe 7.

[0079] The conical drill bit 4 rotates to transport sand and soil upward through its sand discharge groove 41 into the central tube 2, forming a cavity in a negative pressure state below the outer shell 1. Seawater enters the interior through the upper port of the water diversion pipe 7 and is discharged from the lower port of the water diversion pipe 7, washing the sand and soil around the cavity inward, causing the sand and soil outside the lower end of the outer shell 1 to collapse and cause the cavity to expand. Under the action of its gravity, the outer shell 1 completely enters the sand and soil and continues to descend in the sand and soil layer, and finally enters the set depth position of the sand and soil layer below the seabed and is buried in the sand and soil and fixed.

[0080] The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation is equipped with a righting device 6, which includes a righting frame 61 and four sets of telescopic positioning mechanisms. The righting frame 61 is a ring-shaped frame structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The four sets of telescopic positioning mechanisms are evenly arranged in a ring shape on the inner side of the righting frame 61. Each set of telescopic positioning mechanisms includes two telescopic positioning mechanisms arranged vertically at intervals. The telescopic positioning mechanisms can constrain the outer shell 1 to vertically enter the interior of the seabed soil layer downward.

[0081] Specifically, the telescopic positioning mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 62 and an arc plate 63. The hydraulic cylinder 62 is along the normal direction of the straightening frame 61, and its cylinder body is fixedly connected to the straightening frame 61. The arc plate 63 is located on the inner side of the straightening frame 61, and the middle part of its outer side wall is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 62.

[0082] The inner side of each arc plate 63 has a limit plate 64 arranged in sequence along the curvature direction. Each limit plate 64 is movably connected to the arc plate 63 through a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod 66 is fixedly connected to the arc plate 63, and the other end is hinged to the corresponding limit plate 64. The side of the limit plate 64 facing away from the arc plate 63 is a curved surface, and a hard rubber strip 65 is fixed on the curved surface.

[0083] After the bionic bamboo clam self-tapping deep-sea anchoring foundation is assembled, it is hoisted to the inner side of the straightening frame 61 to keep the outer shell 1 in a vertical state. The hydraulic cylinders 62 of the four sets of telescopic positioning mechanisms drive the corresponding arc plates 63 to move inward. The hard rubber strips 65 on each limit plate 64 contact the side wall of the outer shell 1 and exert a certain force on the side wall of the outer shell 1. During the transportation process and after being placed on the seabed, the straightening device 6 fixes the bionic bamboo clam self-tapping deep-sea anchoring foundation and keeps it in a vertical state.

[0084] Before the waterproof motor 51 is started, each hydraulic cylinder 62 drives the corresponding arc plate 63 to move outward a certain distance, and the hard rubber strip 65 on each limit plate 64 is close to the shell 1 to prevent the shell 1 from tilting. After the conical drill bit 4 starts to rotate, the straightening device 6 keeps the shell 1 in a vertical state and moves downward into the sand. After the shell 1 completely enters the sand, it will keep moving vertically downward under the action of its own gravity and the sand inside.

[0085] In the working state, the bottom of the shell 1 first contacts the sand and soil on the surface of the seabed, and the conical drill bit 4 rotates to discharge the sand and soil through the upper end of the central tube 2. At the same time, seawater flushes the sand and soil around the conical drill bit 4 through the water diversion pipe 7. The bottom of the shell 1 enters the sand and soil and discharges the soil downward. When it reaches the clay or interlayer soil below, it discharges the soil upward through the upper end of the central tube 2 in the same way. The shell 1 enters the clay or interlayer soil and continues to discharge the soil downward to the set depth.

[0086] Embodiment 2, combined Figures 1 to 11 A bionic bamboo clam self-tapping deep-sea anchoring construction method, using the bionic bamboo clam self-tapping deep-sea anchoring foundation described in Example 1, the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0087] Step 1: Use simple lifting equipment on land to vertically place the shell 1 on the inner side of the uprighting frame 61. The execution ends of each telescopic positioning mechanism move synchronously toward the center of the uprighting frame 61 to clamp the shell 1 and fix it on the inner side of the uprighting frame 61. The shell 1 remains in a vertical state.

[0088] Step 2: Vertically penetrate each of the water pipes 7 through the top of the outer shell 1 into the interior thereof. When in place, the lower end of the water pipe 7 passes through the bottom of the outer shell 1 , and the water pipe 7 is rotated to be locked with the outer shell 1 .

[0089] The waterproof motor 51, the motor bracket 53 and the transmission shaft 52 are assembled together and hoisted above the housing 1. Then, the lower end of the transmission shaft 52 is connected to the upper end of the spiral shaft 31. At the same time, the upper end of each water pipe 7 passes through the inner side of the motor bracket 53 and is fixedly connected thereto to form a combination.

[0090] Step 3: Use a transport ship to transport the assembly in step 2 to a predetermined installation area in the ocean. The underwater robot levels the seabed surface in the predetermined installation area, connects one end of the anchor chain 8 to the outer shell, and connects the connection terminal of the waterproof motor 51 to the power supply system of the transport ship. After that, the assembly is hoisted and lowered to the leveled seabed surface using the ship-borne hoisting equipment.

[0091] Step 4: The actuator ends of the telescopic positioning mechanisms move in the opposite direction, release the clamping force on the shell 1, stop moving and remain in a position close to the side wall of the shell 1, constrain the shell 1 to remain in a vertical state, and the lower outer wall of the shell 1 presses against the seabed surface.

[0092] Start the waterproof motor 51, which drives the spiral shaft 31 and the conical drill bit 4 to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft 52. The sand and soil under the outer shell 1 enters the interior of the central tube 2 through the conical drill bit 4. The spiral blades 32 transport the sand and soil entering the central tube 2 from bottom to top and discharge it through the upper port of the central tube 2.

[0093] Step 5. Under the action of gravity, the lower end of the shell 1 sinks and penetrates into the sand on the seabed. The outer wall of the shell 1 remains in close contact with the sand, and a cavity in a negative pressure state is formed below the conical drill bit 4. Seawater enters the cavity through the water pipes 7 and washes the sand around the cavity to cause it to collapse. The cavity below the shell 1 expands, and the conical drill bit 4 and the spiral blades 32 continue to discharge sand upward.

[0094] When the sand is transported upward from the inside of the central tube 2, it enters the interior of the outer shell 1 through the reflux hole 21 located on the upper side wall of the central tube 2. After the outer shell 1 remains in a vertical state, enters the interior of the sand and continues to move downward to a set depth position, the conical drill bit 4 stops rotating, and the waterproof motor 51 and the motor bracket 53 are located above the seabed surface.

[0095] Step six, remove the righting frame 61 from the seabed surface, release the motor bracket 53 from fixing the upper end of each water pipe 7, hoist the waterproof motor 51, motor bracket 53 and transmission shaft 52 as a whole onto the transport ship, then the underwater robot reversely rotates the water pipe 7 to unlock the upper sleeve 71 and lower sleeve 72 inside the outer shell 1, and pulls each water pipe 7 out of the seabed soil layer through the ship-borne hoisting equipment and recovers it onto the transport ship.

[0096] The outer shell 1, the central tube 2 and the sand discharge mechanism remain in the soil layer below the seabed, the other end of the anchor chain 8 is located on the seabed surface, and the self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation completes the anchoring operation.

[0097] Parts not described in the present invention can be implemented by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

[0098] Furthermore, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0099] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0100] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation, characterized in that: It includes an outer shell, a central tube, a sand discharge mechanism, a conical drill bit, a driving mechanism and a water diversion assembly. The outer shell is an ellipsoidal metal shell with openings at both ends and is vertically arranged along its long axis. The central tube is vertically penetrated inside the outer shell and is coaxially arranged with the long axis of the outer shell. The sand discharge mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the central tube, and comprises a spiral shaft and spiral blades. The spiral shaft is coaxially arranged with the central tube, and the upper and lower ends of the spiral shaft are rotatably connected with the central tube through an upper bearing frame and a lower bearing frame, respectively. The spiral blades are fixed on the circumferential outer wall of the spiral shaft. The conical drill bit is installed at the lower end of the spiral shaft, and the water diversion assembly includes a plurality of water diversion pipes vertically penetrated inside the shell, all of which are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the periphery of the central tube, and the upper and lower ends of the water diversion pipes penetrate the shell and are detachably fixedly connected to the shell; The driving mechanism includes a waterproof motor and a transmission shaft. The waterproof motor is fixedly mounted on the upper end of each water diversion pipe through a motor bracket. The transmission shaft is arranged vertically. The upper end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the waterproof motor, and the lower end of the transmission shaft is detachably connected to the upper end of the spiral shaft through a spline assembly. The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation is equipped with a righting device, which includes a righting frame and multiple telescopic positioning mechanisms. The righting frame is an annular frame structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. Each group of telescopic positioning mechanisms is evenly arranged in a ring shape on the inner side of the righting frame. Each group of telescopic positioning mechanisms includes at least two telescopic positioning mechanisms arranged vertically at intervals. The telescopic positioning mechanisms can constrain the outer shell to vertically downward enter the interior of the seabed soil layer.

2. The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the shell are respectively provided with a circular upper port and a lower port, the central tube is a straight circular tube with a uniform cross-section, the upper end of which passes through the upper port of the shell and is fixedly welded thereto, and the lower end of which is located inside the lower port of the shell and is fixedly welded thereto.

3. The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Between the central tube and the outer shell, there are reinforcing rib plates equal in number to the water diversion pipes. All reinforcing rib plates are arranged vertically and are evenly and alternately arranged with all the water diversion pipes on a circle with the axis of the central tube as the center. The reinforcing rib plate is a hollow steel plate with openings, one side of the reinforcing rib plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central tube, and the other side is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell. The reinforcing rib plate divides the space between the outer wall of the central tube and the inner wall of the outer shell into a plurality of interconnected chambers, and a reflux hole is opened on the upper side wall of the central tube.

4. The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper bearing frame includes a first bearing seat and a plurality of first rods, the first bearing seat is coaxially arranged with the central tube, all the first rods are evenly arranged in an annular shape on the periphery of the first bearing seat, and the circumferential outer wall of the first bearing seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central tube through the first rods; The lower bearing frame includes a second bearing seat and a plurality of second rods, the second bearing seat is also coaxially arranged with the central tube, all the second rods are evenly arranged in an annular shape on the periphery of the second bearing seat, and the circumferential outer wall of the second bearing seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central tube through the second rods; The upper and lower ends of the spiral shaft are respectively arranged inside the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat, and are rotatably matched with the first and second bearing seats. The spiral blade is located between the upper bearing frame and the lower bearing frame.

5. The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical drill bit is a cone with the tip facing downwards, the conical drill bit is coaxially arranged with the spiral shaft, and the upper end surface thereof is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spiral shaft; A plurality of spiral sand removal grooves are provided on the circumferential side wall of the conical drill bit. All the sand removal grooves are evenly distributed on a circle with the axis of the conical drill bit as the center. The depth of the sand removal grooves increases gradually from bottom to top and extends to the upper end surface of the conical drill bit.

6. The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the shell is provided with upper holes, the number of which is equal to the number of the water diversion pipes and the positions are one-to-one corresponding, and an upper sleeve is provided adjacent to the lower side of each upper hole. The lower end of the shell is provided with lower holes, the number of which is equal to the number of the water diversion pipes and the positions are one-to-one corresponding, and a lower sleeve is provided adjacent to the upper side of each lower hole. The inner diameter of the upper through hole is larger than that of the lower through hole. The lower end of each water diversion pipe passes through the inner side of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve in sequence and is detachably fixedly connected with the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve.

7. The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are both a straight tube body, the outer walls of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central tube through a connecting plate, and the outer diameter of the water diversion pipe is equal to the inner diameter of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve; The inner side wall of the upper sleeve has a first vertical groove opened along its axial direction, and the inner side wall has a first arc groove opened along its circumferential direction, the upper and lower ends of the first vertical groove both extend to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the upper sleeve, and the first arc groove is connected and communicated with the middle part of the first vertical groove; The inner side wall of the lower sleeve has a second arc groove opened along the circumferential direction thereof, the upper side of the second arc groove has a second vertical groove opened along the axial direction of the lower sleeve, the upper end of the second vertical groove extends to the upper end surface of the lower sleeve, and the lower end thereof is connected to and communicates with the second arc groove; Two positioning blocks are fixed on the circumferential side wall of the water diversion pipe, and the two positioning blocks correspond to the positions of the first arc groove and the second arc groove respectively. When the water diversion pipe passes through the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve, the two positioning blocks enter the corresponding arc grooves through the vertical grooves respectively and rotate the water diversion pipe, and then the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve lock the water diversion pipe.

8. The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor bracket includes a mounting plate, a third bearing seat and an open locking sleeve, the third bearing seat is fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate, the waterproof motor is fixed to the top of the mounting plate, and the upper end of the transmission shaft passes through the inner side of the third bearing seat and is coaxially fixedly connected with the output shaft of the waterproof motor; The spline assembly includes a spline shaft and a spline sleeve, wherein the lower end of the spline shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the top end of the spiral shaft as a whole, and the upper end of the spline sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft as a whole, and the spline shaft can be inserted into the spline sleeve for plug-in cooperation therewith; The lower periphery of the third bearing seat is provided with an open locking sleeve with an equal number to the water diversion pipes and corresponding positions. The outer side wall of each open locking sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third bearing seat through an inclined third rod body. The upper end of each water diversion pipe is inserted into the corresponding open locking sleeve, and the locking bolt arranged on the open locking sleeve fixes the water diversion pipe.

9. The bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic positioning mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder and an arc plate. The hydraulic cylinder is along the normal direction of the straightening frame, and its cylinder body is fixedly connected to the straightening frame. The arc plate is located on the inner side of the straightening frame, and the middle part of its outer side wall is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. The inner side of each curved plate has a limit plate arranged in sequence along the curvature direction. Each limit plate is movably connected to the curved plate through a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the curved plate, and the other end is hinged to the corresponding limit plate. The side of the limit plate facing away from the curved plate is a curved surface, and a rubber strip is fixed on the curved surface.

10. A bionic bamboo clam self-tapping deep-sea anchoring construction method, characterized in that: Based on the bionic bamboo clam self-drilling deep-sea anchor foundation described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the construction method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use simple lifting equipment on land to vertically place the shell on the inner side of the uprighting frame, and the actuator ends of each telescopic positioning mechanism move synchronously toward the center of the uprighting frame to clamp the shell and fix it on the inner side of the uprighting frame, so that the shell remains in a vertical state; Step 2: vertically insert each of the water diversion pipes through the top of the shell into the interior thereof. After the water diversion pipes are in place, the lower ends of the water diversion pipes pass through the bottom of the shell, and the water diversion pipes are rotated to be locked with the shell; Assemble the waterproof motor, motor bracket and transmission shaft together and hoist them above the housing. Then, the lower end of the transmission shaft is connected to the upper end of the spiral shaft. At the same time, the upper ends of the water diversion pipes pass through the inner side of the motor bracket and are fixedly connected thereto to form a combination. Step 3: Use a transport ship to transport the assembly in step 2 to a predetermined installation area in the ocean. The underwater robot levels the seabed surface of the predetermined installation area, connects one end of the anchor chain to the housing, and connects the connection terminal of the waterproof motor to the power supply system of the transport ship. After that, use the ship-borne lifting equipment to lift the assembly onto the leveled seabed surface. Step 4: the actuator ends of the telescopic positioning mechanisms move in the opposite direction, release the clamping force on the shell, stop moving and remain at a position close to the side wall of the shell, constrain the shell to remain in a vertical state, and the lower end outer wall of the shell presses against the seabed surface; Start the waterproof motor, which drives the spiral shaft and the conical drill bit to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft. The sand and soil under the outer shell enter the center tube through the conical drill bit. The spiral blades transport the sand and soil entering the center tube from bottom to top and discharge it through the upper port of the center tube. Step 5: Under the action of gravity, the lower end of the shell enters the sand on the seabed, and its outer wall is kept in close contact with the sand. A cavity with negative pressure is formed under the conical drill bit. Seawater enters the cavity through each water diversion pipe and washes the sand around the cavity to make it collapse. The cavity under the shell expands, and the conical drill bit and spiral blades continue to discharge sand. When the sand and soil are transported upward from the inner side of the central tube, they enter the outer shell through the reflux hole located on the upper side wall of the central tube. The outer shell remains in a vertical state and enters the sand and soil and continues to move downward to the set depth position. The conical drill bit stops rotating, and the waterproof motor and motor bracket are located above the seabed surface. Step 6: Remove the righting frame from the seabed surface, release the motor bracket from fixing the upper end of each water diversion pipe, and hoist the waterproof motor, motor bracket and transmission shaft as a whole onto the transport ship. After that, the underwater robot rotates the water diversion pipe in the opposite direction to unlock each water diversion pipe from the outer shell, and pulls each water diversion pipe out of the seabed soil layer through the ship-borne hoisting equipment and recovers it onto the transport ship. The outer shell, the central tube and the sand discharge mechanism remain in the soil layer below the seabed, the other end of the anchor chain is located on the seabed surface, and the self-drilling deep-sea anchoring foundation completes the anchoring operation.

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