Jacketed cylinder type hydrogen storage reactor coupled with activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage

Abstract

The invention discloses a jacketed cylinder type hydrogen storage reactor coupled with activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage, which comprises a protective shell and a hydrogen storage body located in the protective shell, the hydrogen storage body is sleeved with a heat storage body, a metal wall is arranged between the heat storage body and the hydrogen storage body, a winding pipe is spirally wound on the outer wall of the heat storage body, and the outer wall of the winding pipe is sleeved with a metal sleeve. One end of the winding pipe is of a sealed structure, and the other end of the winding pipe penetrates through the protective shell; ammonia inlets and outlets are equidistantly formed in the contact part of the winding pipe and the outer wall of the heat storage body. The high hydrogen storage density can be achieved through the activated carbon, heat released by absorbing hydrogen can also be used for outer layer ammonia adsorption heat storage, the whole reactor only consumes energy in the ammonia gas conveying part, energy loss is reduced, the stability of the device is improved, and the low-energy-consumption operation mode is achieved. Activated carbon and amino adsorption energy storage are coupled, the heat transfer effect is enhanced, continuous hydrogen adsorption and desorption processes can be realized by charging and discharging ammonia gas and released energy, and the system is more flexible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage, and in particular to a jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupling activated carbon and amino group adsorption heat storage. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy and the increasing attention paid to environmental protection, the search for clean and efficient energy storage and utilization methods has become a research hotspot. Traditional fossil energy produces a large amount of greenhouse gases during use, which seriously affects the environment. Among many new energy technologies, hydrogen energy has attracted much attention due to its high energy density, clean combustion products (only water), and wide sources. As an ideal secondary energy carrier, hydrogen energy has great application potential in distributed power generation, energy storage and other fields.

[0003] One of the key links in the utilization of hydrogen energy is hydrogen storage. There are several traditional methods of hydrogen storage, including compressed hydrogen storage and liquid hydrogen. The limitations of these hydrogen storage technologies are volumetric hydrogen storage density and high pressure, and they cannot be stored and utilized flexibly. Activated carbon hydrogen storage avoids these problems. It stores hydrogen by adsorbing hydrogen through weaker van der Waals forces, and has the characteristics of high reversibility and fast kinetics.

[0004] Activated carbon hydrogen storage coupled with amino adsorption heat storage is both a hydrogen storage device and a heat storage device. By inputting and outputting heat to the hydrogen storage body, the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage body can be controlled to absorb and release hydrogen to achieve the purpose of storing and utilizing hydrogen. Compared with compressed hydrogen storage and liquefied hydrogen storage, activated carbon hydrogen storage can reversibly absorb and release a large amount of hydrogen. It has the advantages of high safety, high hydrogen storage density, hydrogen absorption and release at normal temperature and pressure, and simple operation. It is a safe and efficient storage and transportation method and is considered to be the most promising hydrogen storage technology.

[0005] In summary, existing hydrogen storage technologies have problems in efficiency, cost, safety, etc. to varying degrees, which seriously restrict the large-scale development of the hydrogen energy industry. Activated carbon hydrogen storage has the potential for efficient storage and release of hydrogen, and amino adsorption heat storage can flexibly provide or store heat. These two technologies can be used for each other and have great coupling potential. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor that couples activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupled activated carbon and amino group adsorption heat storage, comprising a protective shell and a hydrogen storage body located inside the protective shell, wherein the heat storage body is sheathed on the outside of the hydrogen storage body, a metal wall is arranged between the heat storage body and the hydrogen storage body, a winding tube is spirally wound on the outer wall of the heat storage body, one end of the winding tube is a sealing structure, and the other end passes through the protective shell, ammonia inlets and outlets are equidistantly arranged at the contact point between the winding tube and the outer wall of the heat storage body, the top of the protective shell is sealedly connected to a protective shell cover, a center hole is arranged in the center of the protective shell cover, a hydrogen temporary storage chamber is sealedly connected to the center hole, and a hydrogen absorption and release valve is connected to the top of the hydrogen temporary storage chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the hydrogen storage body is made of activated carbon material and is compacted into a hollow cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the heat storage body is made of barium chloride powder and compacted into a hollow cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the inner diameter of the central hole of the protective shell cover is 1 / 2 of the sum of the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body.

[0011] Preferably, the inner diameter of the heat storage body is larger than the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body, and the thickness of the gap is larger than the thickness of the metal wall.

[0012] Preferably, the winding tube is connected to the heat storage body at the non-ammonia gas inlet and outlet positions by means of high temperature resistant double-sided adhesive.

[0013] Preferably, the winding tube is horizontally arranged outside the protection shell, and the length of the horizontal portion is at least 20 cm from the outer diameter of the protection shell.

[0014] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the hydrogen storage body, the heat storage body and the metal wall are sealed and connected to the protective shell cover and the bottom of the protective shell respectively.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention utilizes activated carbon to achieve a higher hydrogen storage density. The heat released by absorbing hydrogen can also be used for outer ammonia adsorption heat storage. The entire reactor only consumes energy in the ammonia transport part, which reduces energy loss, improves device stability, and realizes a low-energy consumption operation mode.

[0016] 2. The present invention couples activated carbon with amino adsorption energy storage to enhance the heat transfer effect. By charging and discharging ammonia, the released energy can realize continuous hydrogen adsorption and desorption processes, making the system more flexible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more specifically and intuitively illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0018] Figure 1It is a cross-sectional view of the jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of a jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of hydrogen absorption; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of hydrogen desorption.

[0019] In the figure: hydrogen absorption and discharge valve 1, hydrogen temporary storage chamber 2, protective shell cover 3, protective shell 4, hydrogen storage body 5, winding pipe 6, ammonia inlet and outlet 7, heat storage body 8, metal wall 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] Reference Figure 1-4 A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupled activated carbon and amino group adsorption heat storage, comprising a protective shell 4 and a hydrogen storage body 5 located inside the protective shell, a heat storage body 8 is provided on the outside of the hydrogen storage body 5, a metal wall 9 is provided between the heat storage body 8 and the hydrogen storage body 5, a winding tube 6 is spirally wound on the outer wall of the heat storage body 8, one end of the winding tube 6 is a sealing structure, and the other end passes through the protective shell 4, an ammonia inlet and outlet 7 are equidistantly provided at the contact point between the winding tube 6 and the outer wall of the heat storage body 8, a protective shell cover 3 is sealed at the top of the protective shell 4, a center hole is provided at the center of the protective shell cover 3, a hydrogen temporary storage chamber 2 is sealed at the center hole, and a hydrogen absorption and release valve 1 is connected to the top of the hydrogen temporary storage chamber 2.

[0022] The protective shell 4 is sealed and connected to the protective shell cover 3 to prevent gas leakage. The protective shell 4 can be placed directly on a flat surface, such as a desktop, and can be fixed using common methods such as double-sided tape. The inner diameter of the protective shell cover 3 can be designed, preferably half of the sum of the inner diameter and outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body 5, to separate the hydrogen flow path from the ammonia flow path to prevent the mixing of hydrogen and ammonia. The protective shell cover 3 is sealed and connected to the hydrogen temporary storage chamber 2. The hydrogen temporary storage chamber 2 adopts a hemispherical structure to balance the pressure during the absorption and release of hydrogen. A hydrogen absorption and release valve 1 is fixed on the top of the hydrogen temporary storage chamber 2, and the valve is manually opened and closed according to whether hydrogen is adsorbed or not.

[0023] In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage body 5 is made of activated carbon material and compacted into a hollow cylinder, and the heat storage body 8 is made of barium chloride powder and compacted into a hollow cylinder.

[0024] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the central hole of the protective shell cover 3 is 1 / 2 of the sum of the inner diameter and outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body 5 , the inner diameter of the heat storage body 8 is larger than the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body 5 , and the gap thickness is larger than the thickness of the metal wall 9 .

[0025] The inner diameter of the heat storage body 8 is 2 mm larger than the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body 5, which is convenient for placing the hydrogen storage body 5 in the heat storage body 8. The metal wall 9 is 1 mm thick and is placed between the heat storage body 8 and the hydrogen storage body 5, and a certain gap is left to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the hydrogen storage body 5 and the heat storage body 8. The upper part of the hydrogen storage body 5 is connected to the hydrogen temporary storage chamber 2, and the hydrogen temporary storage chamber 2 can adjust the pressure difference caused by the absorption and release of hydrogen. The heat storage body 8 is wound and bonded to the winding tube 6.

[0026] In this embodiment, the winding tube 6 is wound and adhered to the outside of the heat storage body 8. The part of the winding tube 6 in contact with the heat storage body 8 is provided with an ammonia inlet and outlet 7, which can be fixed to the surface of the heat storage body 8 by using double-sided tape or the like at a position other than the ammonia inlet and outlet 7. The ammonia inlet and outlet 7 can change the direction of the ammonia inlet and outlet according to the pressure difference under different working conditions. The arrangement of the ammonia inlet and outlet 7 is completed by drilling a hole every 5 cm on the winding tube 6. Figure 2 As shown, the tail of the winding tube 6 is kept horizontal, and the length of the horizontal part exceeds the outer diameter of the protective shell 4 by at least 20 cm, so that the protective shell 4 can be passed through so that the ammonia can enter and exit from the ammonia inlet and outlet 7 and be adsorbed by the heat storage body 8. In a preferred embodiment, the vertical height of the winding tube 6 after winding reaches 80-90% of the height of the heat storage body 8, so that the ammonia can be uniformly adsorbed by the heat storage body 8 after passing into the winding tube 6. In other preferred embodiments, the ammonia heat storage method in the heat storage body 8 is adsorption heat storage, BaCl 2 The reaction equation with ammonia is as follows:

[0027] The heat storage body 8 adsorbs ammonia and releases heat, and releases ammonia when heated at high temperature. The heat released by the heat storage body 8 when it adsorbs ammonia is transferred to the hydrogen storage body 5 through the metal wall 9, and the hydrogen is desorbed by heat, and the desorbed hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen storage body 5 through the hydrogen absorption and desorption valve 1. When hydrogen storage is required, hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage body 5 through the hydrogen absorption and desorption valve 1 and is absorbed, and the released heat is transferred to the heat storage body 8 through the metal wall 9 and stored. The heat storage body 8 is heated so that the ammonia is desorbed and discharged through the ammonia inlet and outlet 7 on the winding tube 6. The hydrogen storage body 5 and the heat storage body 8 can realize a continuous hydrogen adsorption and desorption process by charging and discharging ammonia.

[0028] A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor coupled with activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage includes two operating modes, as follows: Operation mode 1): Figure 3As shown, during the hydrogen absorption process, hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen temporary storage chamber 2 through the hydrogen absorption and desorption valve 1, and then the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage body 5, is adsorbed by the activated carbon and releases heat, and the heat released by the adsorption of hydrogen is transferred to the heat storage body 8 through the metal wall 9, the heat storage body 8 is heated and the heat is stored in the heat storage body 8, and the ammonia is desorbed and separated from the heat storage body 8, and discharged from the reactor through the ammonia inlet and outlet 7 on the winding tube 6 to complete the heat storage process.

[0029] Operation mode 2): Figure 4 As shown, when hydrogen needs to be desorbed, ammonia is filled into the air inlet of the winding tube 6 outside the protective shell 4, and the ammonia enters the space between the heat storage body 8 and the protective shell 4 through the ammonia inlet and outlet 7 on the winding tube 6, and is adsorbed by the heat storage body 8. The heat released by the heat storage body 8 when adsorbing ammonia is transferred to the hydrogen storage body 5 through the metal wall 9. The activated carbon in the hydrogen storage body 5 that has completed hydrogen adsorption is heated and heated, and the hydrogen is desorbed and separated from the hydrogen storage body 5. The desorbed hydrogen enters the hydrogen temporary storage chamber 2 and is discharged from the reactor through the hydrogen absorption and desorption valve 1 to complete the hydrogen desorption process.

[0030] The jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor and method for coupling activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention utilizes activated carbon to achieve a higher hydrogen storage density. The heat released by absorbing hydrogen can also be used for outer ammonia adsorption heat storage. The entire reactor only consumes energy in the ammonia transport part, which reduces energy loss, improves device stability, and realizes a low-energy consumption operation mode.

[0031] 2. The present invention couples activated carbon with amino adsorption energy storage to enhance the heat transfer effect. By charging and discharging ammonia, the released energy can realize continuous hydrogen adsorption and desorption processes, making the system more flexible.

[0032] In this embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the hydrogen storage body 5, the heat storage body 8 and the metal wall 9 are sealed and connected to the bottom of the protective shell cover 3 and the protective shell 4 respectively.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage, comprising a protective shell (4) and a hydrogen storage body (5) located inside the shell, characterized in that: The heat storage body (8) is sheathed on the outside of the hydrogen storage body (5), a metal wall (9) is arranged between the heat storage body (8) and the hydrogen storage body (5), a winding tube (6) is spirally wound around the outer wall of the heat storage body (8), one end of the winding tube (6) is a sealing structure, and the other end passes through the protective shell (4), and ammonia inlets and outlets (7) are equidistantly arranged at the contact point between the winding tube (6) and the outer wall of the heat storage body (8), the top of the protective shell (4) is sealedly connected to a protective shell cover (3), the center of the protective shell cover (3) is provided with a center hole, the center hole is sealedly connected to a hydrogen temporary storage chamber (2), and the top of the hydrogen temporary storage chamber (2) is connected to a hydrogen absorption and release valve (1).

2. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage body (5) is made of activated carbon material and is compacted into a hollow cylinder.

3. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat storage body (8) is made of barium chloride powder and compacted into a hollow cylinder.

4. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the central hole of the protective shell cover (3) is 1 / 2 of the sum of the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body (5).

5. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the heat storage body (8) is greater than the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body (5), and the thickness of the gap is greater than the thickness of the metal wall (9).

6. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The winding tube (6) is connected to the heat storage body (8) at the non-ammonia gas inlet and outlet (7) via a high-temperature resistant double-sided adhesive tape.

7. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor coupled with activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The winding tube (6) is horizontally arranged outside the protective shell (4), and the length of the horizontal portion is at least 20 cm from the outer diameter of the protective shell (4).

8. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor for coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the hydrogen storage body (5), the heat storage body (8) and the metal wall (9) are respectively connected in a sealed manner to the bottom of the protective shell cover (3) and the protective shell (4).

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