A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor coupled with activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage

Abstract

This invention discloses a jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor coupling activated carbon and ammonia adsorption for heat storage. It includes a protective shell and a hydrogen storage body located inside it. A heat storage body is fitted outside the hydrogen storage body, and a metal wall is provided between the heat storage body and the hydrogen storage body. A spirally wound tube is wound around the outer wall of the heat storage body, with one end of the tube being sealed and the other end penetrating the protective shell. Ammonia inlet and outlet are equidistantly arranged at the contact points between the spirally wound tube and the outer wall of the heat storage body. This invention utilizes activated carbon to achieve a high hydrogen storage density. The heat released from absorbing hydrogen can also be used for outer ammonia adsorption heat storage. The entire reactor consumes energy only in the ammonia transport section, reducing energy loss, improving device stability, and achieving a low-energy-consumption operation mode. This invention uses activated carbon and ammonia adsorption for energy storage coupling, enhancing heat transfer. By charging and discharging ammonia, the released energy can achieve a continuous hydrogen adsorption and desorption process, making the system more flexible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage technology, and in particular to a jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor that couples activated carbon and amino adsorption for heat storage. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy and increasing emphasis on environmental protection, the search for clean and efficient energy storage and utilization methods has become a research hotspot. Traditional fossil fuels generate large amounts of greenhouse gases during use, severely impacting the environment. Among numerous new energy technologies, hydrogen energy has attracted significant attention due to its high energy density, clean combustion products (only water), and wide availability. As an ideal secondary energy carrier, hydrogen energy has enormous application potential in distributed power generation, energy storage, and other fields.

[0003] One of the key aspects of hydrogen energy utilization is hydrogen storage. Traditional hydrogen storage methods include compressed hydrogen storage and liquid hydrogen storage. These technologies are limited by their volumetric storage density and high pressure, and lack flexibility in storage and utilization. Activated carbon hydrogen storage, however, avoids these problems. It stores hydrogen through the adsorption of hydrogen using relatively weak van der Waals forces, exhibiting high reversibility and rapid kinetics.

[0004] Activated carbon hydrogen storage coupled with amino adsorption thermal storage functions as both a hydrogen storage device and a thermal storage device. By inputting and outputting heat to the hydrogen storage medium, the hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions of the storage material within the medium can be controlled, achieving the purpose of storing and utilizing hydrogen. Compared with compressed hydrogen storage and liquefied hydrogen storage, activated carbon hydrogen storage can reversibly absorb and release large amounts of hydrogen, offering advantages such as high safety, high hydrogen storage density, ability to absorb and release hydrogen at ambient temperature and pressure, and simple operation. It is a safe and efficient storage and transportation method and is considered the most promising hydrogen storage technology.

[0005] In summary, existing hydrogen storage technologies suffer from problems in efficiency, cost, and safety to varying degrees, which severely restrict the large-scale development of the hydrogen energy industry. Activated carbon hydrogen storage has the potential for efficient hydrogen storage and release, while ammonia adsorption thermal storage can flexibly provide or store heat. These two technologies can be utilized together and have great potential for coupling. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor that couples activated carbon and amino adsorption for heat storage.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor coupled with activated carbon and ammonia adsorption heat storage includes a protective shell and a hydrogen storage body located inside it. A heat storage body is sleeved outside the hydrogen storage body, and a metal wall is provided between the heat storage body and the hydrogen storage body. A spiral tube is spirally wound around the outer wall of the heat storage body. One end of the spiral tube is a sealed structure, and the other end penetrates through the protective shell. Ammonia inlet and outlet are equidistantly arranged at the contact points between the spiral tube and the outer wall of the heat storage body. A protective shell cover is sealed to the top of the protective shell. A central hole is provided in the center of the protective shell cover, and a temporary hydrogen storage chamber is sealed to the central hole. A hydrogen absorption and release valve is connected to the top of the temporary hydrogen storage chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the hydrogen storage body is made of activated carbon material and compacted into a hollow cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the heat storage body is made of barium chloride powder and compacted into a hollow cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the inner diameter of the central hole of the protective shell is half the sum of the inner and outer diameters of the hydrogen storage body.

[0012] Preferably, the inner diameter of the thermal storage body is larger than the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body, and the thickness of the gap is greater than the thickness of the metal wall.

[0013] Preferably, the spiral wound tube is connected to the heat storage body at a non-ammonia inlet / outlet location using high-temperature resistant double-sided adhesive.

[0014] Preferably, the winding tube is horizontally positioned on the outside of the protective housing, and the length of the horizontal portion is at least 20 cm from the outer diameter of the protective housing.

[0015] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the hydrogen storage body, the heat storage body, and the metal wall are respectively sealed and connected to the protective shell cover and the bottom of the protective shell.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. This invention utilizes activated carbon to achieve a high hydrogen storage density. The heat released by absorbing hydrogen can also be used for heat storage by ammonia adsorption in the outer layer. The entire reactor only consumes energy in the ammonia transport part, which reduces energy loss, improves the stability of the device, and achieves a low-energy-consumption operation mode.

[0018] 2. This invention uses activated carbon and ammonia adsorption energy storage coupling, which enhances the heat transfer effect. By charging and releasing ammonia, the released energy can realize the continuous hydrogen adsorption and desorption process, making the system more flexible. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art more specifically and intuitively, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor of the present invention, which combines activated carbon and amino adsorption for heat storage.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor of the present invention, which combines activated carbon and amino adsorption for heat storage.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of hydrogen absorption.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of hydrogen desorption.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Hydrogen absorption / discharge valve; 2. Temporary hydrogen storage chamber; 3. Protective cover; 4. Protective shell; 5. Hydrogen storage body; 6. Winding tube; 7. Ammonia inlet / outlet; 8. Heat storage body; 9. Metal wall. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0026] Reference Figure 1-4 A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor coupling activated carbon and ammonia adsorption heat storage includes a protective shell 4 and a hydrogen storage body 5 located inside it. A heat storage body 8 is sleeved on the outside of the hydrogen storage body 5. A metal wall 9 is provided between the heat storage body 8 and the hydrogen storage body 5. A spirally wound tube 6 is spirally wound on the outer wall of the heat storage body 8. One end of the spirally wound tube 6 is a sealed structure, and the other end penetrates through the protective shell 4. Ammonia inlet and outlet 7 are equidistantly arranged at the contact point between the spirally wound tube 6 and the outer wall of the heat storage body 8. A protective shell cover 3 is sealed to the top of the protective shell 4. A central hole is provided in the center of the protective shell cover 3. A temporary hydrogen storage chamber 2 is sealed to the center hole. A hydrogen absorption and release valve 1 is connected to the top of the temporary hydrogen storage chamber 2.

[0027] The protective housing 4 is sealed to the protective cover 3 to prevent gas leakage. The protective housing 4 can be placed directly on a flat surface, such as a table, and can be fixed using common methods such as double-sided tape. The inner diameter of the protective cover 3 can be designed, preferably half the sum of the inner and outer diameters of the hydrogen storage body 5, separating the hydrogen flow path from the ammonia flow path to prevent mixing of hydrogen and ammonia. The protective cover 3 is sealed to the temporary hydrogen storage chamber 2, which has a hemispherical structure to balance the pressure during the hydrogen absorption and release process. A hydrogen absorption / release valve 1 is fixed at the top of the temporary hydrogen storage chamber 2, which is manually opened and closed according to whether hydrogen is absorbed.

[0028] In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage body 5 is made of activated carbon material and compacted into a hollow cylinder, and the heat storage body 8 is made of barium chloride powder and compacted into a hollow cylinder.

[0029] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the central hole of the protective shell cover 3 is half the sum of the inner and outer diameters of the hydrogen storage body 5, the inner diameter of the heat storage body 8 is larger than the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body 5, and the thickness of the gap is greater than the thickness of the metal wall 9.

[0030] The inner diameter of the heat storage body 8 is 2 mm larger than the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body 5, which facilitates the placement of the hydrogen storage body 5 inside the heat storage body 8. The metal wall 9 is 1 mm thick and is placed between the heat storage body 8 and the hydrogen storage body 5, with a certain gap to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the hydrogen storage body 5 and the heat storage body 8. The upper part of the hydrogen storage body 5 is connected to the temporary hydrogen storage chamber 2, which can adjust the pressure difference caused by the absorption and release of hydrogen. The heat storage body 8 is wrapped and adhered to the winding tube 6.

[0031] In this embodiment, the spiral wound tube 6 is wound and adhered to the outside of the heat storage body 8. The portion of the spiral wound tube 6 in contact with the heat storage body 8 is provided with an ammonia inlet / outlet 7. It can be fixed to the surface of the heat storage body 8 using double-sided tape or other methods at locations other than the ammonia inlet / outlet 7. The ammonia inlet / outlet 7 can change its direction according to the pressure difference under different operating conditions. The ammonia inlet / outlet 7 is arranged by drilling a hole every 5 cm on the spiral wound tube 6. Figure 2 As shown, the tail of the wound tube 6 remains horizontal, and the length of the horizontal portion exceeds the outer diameter of the protective shell 4 by at least 20 cm, thus allowing it to penetrate the protective shell 4 so that ammonia gas can enter and exit from the ammonia inlet / outlet 7 and be adsorbed by the heat storage body 8. In a preferred embodiment, the vertical height of the wound tube 6 after winding reaches 80-90% of the height of the heat storage body 8, so that ammonia gas can be uniformly adsorbed by the heat storage body 8 after entering the wound tube 6. In other preferred embodiments, the ammonia gas in the heat storage body 8 is stored by adsorption, and the reaction formula between BaCl2 and ammonia is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] The heat storage body 8 adsorbs ammonia gas, releasing heat, and then releases ammonia gas upon heating at high temperatures. The heat released by the heat storage body 8 through the metal wall 9 is transferred to the hydrogen storage body 5, causing the hydrogen to desorb upon heating. The desorbed hydrogen gas is then discharged from the hydrogen storage body 5 through the hydrogen absorption / desorption valve 1. When hydrogen storage is required, hydrogen gas enters the hydrogen storage body 5 through the hydrogen absorption / desorption valve 1 and is absorbed. The heat released is conducted to the heat storage body 8 through the metal wall 9 and stored. Heating the heat storage body 8 causes the ammonia gas to desorb and be discharged through the ammonia inlet / outlet 7 on the winding tube 6. The hydrogen storage body 5 and the heat storage body 8 can achieve a continuous hydrogen adsorption and desorption process by filling and releasing ammonia gas.

[0034] A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor coupling activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage includes two operating modes, as detailed below:

[0035] Operating mode 1): such as Figure 3As shown, during the hydrogen absorption process, hydrogen is introduced into the temporary hydrogen storage chamber 2 through the hydrogen absorption and release valve 1. Then, the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage body 5, is adsorbed by the activated carbon, and releases heat. The heat released by the adsorbed hydrogen is transferred to the heat storage body 8 through the metal wall 9. The heat storage body 8 is heated and the heat is stored in the heat storage body 8. Ammonia is desorbed and separated from the heat storage body 8 and discharged from the reactor through the ammonia inlet and outlet 7 on the winding tube 6 to complete the heat storage process.

[0036] Operating mode 2): such as Figure 4 As shown, when hydrogen needs to be desorbed, ammonia is introduced into the air inlet of the winding tube 6 outside the protective shell 4. The ammonia enters the space between the heat storage body 8 and the protective shell 4 through the ammonia inlet and outlet 7 on the winding tube 6 and is adsorbed by the heat storage body 8. The heat released by the heat storage body 8 in adsorbing ammonia is transferred to the hydrogen storage body 5 through the metal wall 9. The activated carbon in the hydrogen storage body 5 that has completed hydrogen adsorption is heated and the hydrogen is desorbed and separated from the hydrogen storage body 5. The desorbed hydrogen enters the temporary hydrogen storage chamber 2 and is discharged from the reactor through the hydrogen absorption and discharge valve 1 to complete the hydrogen desorption process.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor and method of the present invention, which couples activated carbon and amino adsorption for heat storage, are as follows:

[0038] 1. This invention utilizes activated carbon to achieve a high hydrogen storage density. The heat released by absorbing hydrogen can also be used for heat storage by ammonia adsorption in the outer layer. The entire reactor only consumes energy in the ammonia transport part, which reduces energy loss, improves the stability of the device, and achieves a low-energy-consumption operation mode.

[0039] 2. This invention uses activated carbon and ammonia adsorption energy storage coupling, which enhances the heat transfer effect. By charging and releasing ammonia, the released energy can realize the continuous hydrogen adsorption and desorption process, making the system more flexible.

[0040] In this embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the hydrogen storage body 5, the heat storage body 8, and the metal wall 9 are respectively sealed and connected to the bottom of the protective shell cover 3 and the protective shell 4.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor coupled with activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage, comprising a protective shell (4) and a hydrogen storage body (5) located inside it, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage body (5) is covered with a heat storage body (8). A metal wall (9) is provided between the heat storage body (8) and the hydrogen storage body (5). A spiral winding tube (6) is spirally wound around the outer wall of the heat storage body (8). One end of the winding tube (6) is a sealed structure, and the other end penetrates through the protective shell (4). Ammonia inlet and outlet (7) are provided at equal intervals at the contact point between the winding tube (6) and the outer wall of the heat storage body (8). A protective shell cover (3) is sealed and connected to the top of the protective shell (4). A central hole is provided in the center of the protective shell cover (3). A hydrogen temporary storage chamber (2) is sealed and connected to the central hole. A hydrogen absorption and release valve (1) is connected to the top of the hydrogen temporary storage chamber (2). The hydrogen storage body (5) is made of activated carbon material and compacted into a hollow cylinder; The heat storage body (8) is made of barium chloride powder and compacted into a hollow cylinder.

2. The jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor with coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the central hole of the protective shell cover (3) is half the sum of the inner and outer diameters of the hydrogen storage body (5).

3. The jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor with coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the heat storage body (8) is larger than the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage body (5), and there is a gap between the heat storage body (8) and the hydrogen storage body (5), and the thickness of the gap is greater than the thickness of the metal wall (9).

4. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor with coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spiral tube (6) is connected to the heat storage body (8) at the non-ammonia inlet / outlet (7) position by high-temperature resistant double-sided adhesive.

5. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor with coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 4, characterized in that, The winding tube (6) is horizontally positioned outside the protective shell (4), and the length of the horizontal portion is at least 20 cm away from the outer diameter of the protective shell (4).

6. A jacketed cylindrical hydrogen storage reactor with coupled activated carbon and amino adsorption heat storage according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the hydrogen storage body (5), the heat storage body (8) and the metal wall (9) are respectively sealed and connected to the bottom of the protective shell cover (3) and the protective shell (4).

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