Mzi-based all-optical radar image target recognition system and method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of full optical radar image target identification system and method based on MZI, the system includes: laser light source, for emitting laser;Beam splitter, for the received laser is divided into N road laser with equal power;Detection array, for converting target image information into n1 road radar receiving signal;MZI modulation array, for n1 road radar receiving signal is modulated to N road laser, and output M road modulated laser;Phase control unit, for output n2 road control signal;MZI operation array, for according to n2 road control signal, phase adjustment is carried out to M road modulated laser, and output n road adjusted laser;Photoelectric conversion unit, for converting n road adjusted laser into n road electric signal, according to n road electric signal realizes the identification and classification of target image information.The application can solve the technical problems that the hardware computing power of the electronic calculation of the identification system in the prior art is difficult to be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of all-optical computational processing and image target recognition technology, and in particular to an all-optical radar image target recognition system and method based on MZI. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial means of sensing surrounding target information, radar has irreplaceable applications in both military and civilian fields. Countries worldwide have invested heavily in extensive research, leading to rapid development and increasingly powerful functions of radar technology. Current radar applications and surrounding environments are becoming increasingly complex, requiring not only basic functions such as acquiring target position, azimuth, and size, but also target identification capabilities. This has given rise to automatic radar target identification technology, which has become a research hotspot in this field. In recent years, with significant improvements in computing power and unprecedented advancements in storage and parallel computing technologies, machine learning theories and methods, represented by neural networks, have achieved continuous breakthroughs. Radar target identification technology based on neural network algorithms has become a new research direction. Research shows that radar target identification methods based on neural network algorithms have advantages in speed and accuracy compared to traditional methods, and exhibit good adaptability to complex signal sources and low signal-to-noise ratio environments.

[0003] The application of neural network algorithms will greatly improve performance indicators such as target recognition accuracy. However, its algorithm structure is complex, and its operation involves a large number of floating-point operations. Powerful functionality requires high-performance computing capabilities, and deploying advanced neural network algorithms places higher demands on hardware computing power. Currently, the hardware for running neural networks mainly includes Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), and Tensor Processing Units (TPUs). However, these hardware devices based on traditional electronic computing technologies use traditional CMOS processes, and limited by Moore's Law, their computing power, cost, and power consumption are difficult to optimize significantly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an all-optical radar image target recognition system and method based on a Mach-Zenhder interferometer (MZI), which can solve the technical problem that the hardware computing power of electronic computing in existing recognition systems is difficult to significantly improve.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, an MZI-based all-optical radar image target recognition system is provided, the system comprising:

[0006] A laser source used to emit laser light;

[0007] A beam splitter is used to split the received laser into N laser beams of equal power.

[0008] The detection array is used to convert target image information into n1 radar receive signals;

[0009] The MZI modulation array is used to receive N laser signals and n1 radar signals, and also to modulate the n1 radar signals onto the N laser signals and output M modulated laser signals.

[0010] Phase control unit, used to output n2 control signals;

[0011] The MZI operational array is used to receive M modulated laser signals and n2 control signals, and also to perform phase adjustment on the M modulated laser signals according to the n2 control signals, and output n adjusted laser signals.

[0012] The photoelectric conversion unit is used to convert n-channel adjusted laser light into n-channel electrical signals, and to recognize and classify target image information based on the n-channel electrical signals.

[0013] Preferably, the MZI modulation array includes n1 MZI units, which are arranged in multiple columns. The number of MZI units in each column increases by one in an arithmetic sequence. Each MZI unit is connected to two adjacent MZI units in the next column via an optical waveguide. The number of MZI units in the first column is N / 2, and the number of MZI units in the last column is M / 2.

[0014] Preferably, the MZI operational array includes n² MZI units, which are arranged in multiple columns. The number of MZI units in each column decreases by one in an arithmetic progression. Each MZI unit is connected to two adjacent MZI units in the next column via an optical waveguide. The number of MZI units in the first column is M / 2, and the number of MZI units in the last column is n / 2.

[0015] Preferably, n1 is obtained by the following formula:

[0016] n1 = (M+N)(M-N+2) / 8.

[0017] Preferably, n2 is obtained by the following formula:

[0018] n2 = (M+n)(M-n+2) / 8.

[0019] Preferably, the MZI unit includes a 50:50 first beam splitter, a 50:50 second beam splitter, and a phase modulation module. The first beam splitter receives two incident laser beams and outputs two laser beams. The phase modulation module receives one laser beam and one electrical signal output from the first beam splitter, and also modulates the phase of one laser beam output from the first beam splitter according to the current electrical signal, and outputs a phase-modulated laser beam. The second beam splitter receives the phase-modulated laser beam and the other laser beam output from the first beam splitter, and outputs two laser beams. When the MZI unit belongs to the MZI modulation array, the electrical signal is a radar received signal; when the MZI unit belongs to the MZI operational array, the electrical signal is a control signal.

[0020] Preferably, the laser source is a semiconductor laser or a fiber laser.

[0021] Preferably, the detection array is an optical imaging radar.

[0022] Preferably, the phase control unit is a multi-channel voltage source.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present invention, an MZI-based all-optical radar image target recognition method is provided, wherein the method employs any of the aforementioned systems for image target recognition, and the method includes:

[0024] Laser light sources emit laser light;

[0025] The beam splitter divides the received laser into N laser beams of equal power.

[0026] The detection array converts target image information into n1 radar received signals;

[0027] The MZI modulation array receives N laser signals and n1 radar signals, modulates the n1 radar signals onto the N laser signals, and outputs M modulated laser signals.

[0028] The phase control unit outputs n2 control signals;

[0029] The MZI operational array receives M modulated laser signals and n2 control signals, performs phase adjustment on the M modulated laser signals according to the n2 control signals, and outputs n adjusted laser signals.

[0030] The photoelectric conversion unit converts n-channel adjusted laser light into n-channel electrical signals, and uses these n-channel electrical signals to identify and classify target image information.

[0031] By applying the technical solution of this invention, based on the principles of laser interferometry, laser phase modulation, and optical neural networks, the radar received signal output by the detection array is directly modulated onto N laser phases, and classified through an optical network to achieve all-optical computation of radar signal processing, thereby improving the accuracy of radar target identification while reducing radar operating power consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the textual description, explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an MZI-based all-optical radar image target recognition system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0034] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a medium-sized MZI modulation array;

[0035] Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the MZI unit;

[0036] Figure 4 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the MZI computing array.

[0037] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Laser source; 2. Beam splitter; 3. MZI modulation array; 4. Detector array; 5. MZI computation array; 6. Phase control unit; 7. Photoelectric conversion unit; 8. First beam splitter; 9. Second beam splitter; 10. Phase modulation module. Detailed Implementation

[0039] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0041] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides an MZI-based all-optical radar image target recognition system, the system comprising:

[0043] Laser source 1, used to emit laser light;

[0044] Beam splitter 2 is used to split the received laser into N laser beams of equal power, such as... Figure 1 Medium laser 2-1, 2-2, ..., 2-(N-1), 2-N;

[0045] Detection array 4 is used to convert target image information into n1 radar received signals, such as Figure 1 Signals 4-1, 4-2, ..., 4-(n1-1), 4-n1;

[0046] MZI modulation array 3 is used to receive N laser signals and n1 radar signals, and also to modulate the n1 radar signals onto the N laser signals, and output M modulated laser signals, such as... Figure 1 Medium laser 3-1, 3-2, ..., 3-(M-1), 3-M;

[0047] Phase control unit 6 is used to output n2 control signals, such as Figure 1Signals 6-1, 6-2, ..., 6-(n2-1), 6-n2;

[0048] The MZI operational array 5 is used to receive M-channel modulated laser signals and n2-channel control signals. It is also used to perform phase adjustment on the M-channel modulated laser signals based on the n2-channel control signals and output n-channel adjusted laser signals, such as... Figure 1 Medium laser 5-1, 5-2, ..., 5-(n-1), 5-n;

[0049] Photoelectric conversion unit 7 is used to convert n-channel adjusted laser light into n-channel electrical signals, such as... Figure 1 The signals 7-1, 7-2, ..., 7-(n-1), 7-n are used to identify and classify target image information based on n electrical signals.

[0050] Based on the principles of laser interference, laser phase modulation, and optical neural networks, this invention directly modulates the radar received signal output from the detection array 4 onto N laser phases and classifies them through an optical network to achieve all-optical computation of radar signal processing, thereby improving the accuracy of radar target identification while reducing radar operating power consumption.

[0051] In this invention, the laser source 1, beam splitter 2, MZI modulation array 3, MZI operational array 5, and detector array 4 are arranged in sequence and connected by optical waveguides; the detector array 4 and the MZI modulation array 3 are connected by circuit; the phase control unit 6 and the MZI operational array 5 are connected by circuit.

[0052] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the laser source 1 is a semiconductor laser or a fiber laser.

[0053] Specifically, the laser light output by the laser source 1 is monochromatic light with a wavelength of 1550nm and a linewidth of less than 500kHz, ensuring that it has a long coherence length.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the beam splitter 2 is a waveguide beam splitter, which has one input port and N output ports. The value of the number of output ports N is related to the detector array 4 and the type of target to be identified. After passing through the beam splitter 2, the laser is split into N beams of equal power.

[0055] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the detection array 4 adopts an optical imaging radar with n1 output ports, which converts the detected image information into radar received signals, namely electrical signals 4-1, 4-2, ..., 4-(n1-1), 4-n1 and modulates the laser, wherein n1 is related to the size of the detection array 4.

[0056] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2As shown, the MZI modulation array 3 has N optical input ports, M optical output ports, and n1 circuit input ports, specifically including n1 MZI units. Figure 2 Each intersection point represents an MZI unit. The n1 MZI units are arranged in multiple columns. The number of MZI units in each column increases by one in an arithmetic progression. Each MZI unit is connected to two adjacent MZI units in the next column through an optical waveguide. The number of MZI units in the first column is N / 2, the number of MZI units in the second column is N / 2+1, the number of MZI units in the third column is N / 2+2, and so on, with the number of MZI units in the last column being M / 2.

[0057] In this configuration, the input terminals of the N / 2 MZI units in the first column are used to receive N laser beams, and the output terminals of the M / 2 MZI units in the last column are used to output M modulated laser beams.

[0058] We choose n1 such that (M+N)(M-N+2) / 8=n1 holds true, to ensure that the laser is modulated by the signal received by each radar in the detection array 4. In a specific implementation, n1 can be 164645, N can be 512, and M can be 1256.

[0059] Specifically, the MZI unit includes a 50:50 first beam splitter 8, a 50:50 second beam splitter 9, and a phase modulation module 10. The first beam splitter 8 is used to receive two incident laser beams and output two laser beams. The phase modulation module 10 is used to receive one laser beam and one electrical signal output from the first beam splitter 8, and is also used to perform phase modulation on one laser beam output from the first beam splitter 8 according to the current electrical signal, and output the phase-modulated laser beam. The second beam splitter 9 is used to receive the phase-modulated laser beam and the other laser beam output from the first beam splitter 8, and output two laser beams. When the MZI unit belongs to the MZI modulation array 3, the electrical signal is a radar receiving signal; when the MZI unit belongs to the MZI operational array 5, the electrical signal is a control signal.

[0060] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, taking one MZI unit in MZI modulation array 3 as an example, let the two input laser field intensities be E... 11-in and E 21-in And there are:

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, E0 is the input laser field intensity component, ω is the laser angular frequency, t is time, i is the imaginary number, and φ is the input laser field intensity component. 10 φ 20 The initial phases of the two incident laser beams are E and E, respectively. After passing through the first beam splitter 8, their field intensities are respectively E. 11-out and E 21-out Then we have:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Phase modulation module 10 can be an electro-optic modulation crystal, which changes phase φ under the action of electrical signal V. v The two laser field intensities E incident on the second beam splitter 9 are then... 12-in and E 22-in They are respectively:

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] After passing through the second beam splitter 9, the output laser beams have two field intensities E and E, respectively. 12-out and E 22-out :

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] It can be seen that the output laser is modulated by electrical signals, thereby achieving the modulation of the input laser by signals 4-1, 4-2, ..., 4-(n1-1), and 4-n1.

[0073] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the phase control unit 6 is a multi-channel voltage source. The magnitude of each voltage channel is generated through training; that is, the control signal is a trained electrical signal. This electrical signal can be trained using existing training methods, which will not be elaborated further in this invention.

[0074] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the MZI operational array 5 has M optical input ports, n optical output ports, and n² parameter control ports, specifically comprising n² MZI units. Figure 4Each intersection point represents an MZI unit. The n² MZI units are arranged in multiple columns. The number of MZI units in each column decreases by one in an arithmetic progression. Each MZI unit is connected to two adjacent MZI units in the next column via an optical waveguide. The number of MZI units in the first column is M / 2, the number of MZI units in the second column is M / 2-1, the number of MZI units in the third column is M / 2-2, and so on, with the number of MZI units in the last column being n / 2.

[0075] Specifically, the input terminals of the M / 2 MZI units in the first column are used to receive M modulated laser beams, and the output terminals of the n / 2 MZI units in the last column are used to output n regulated laser beams.

[0076] We choose n2 such that (M+n)(M-n+2) / 8 = n2 holds true, to ensure that each control signal in the phase control unit 6 adjusts the laser. In a specific implementation, we choose n = 10 and M = 1256, then n2 can be 197496.

[0077] Here, n represents the number of categories of the target image information. After the laser passes through the MZI processing array 5, images of the same category will be output from the same output port, while images of different categories will be output from different output ports, thus obtaining n laser beams with different phases and powers, thereby achieving image classification.

[0078] This invention also provides an MZI-based all-optical radar image target recognition method, wherein the method uses any of the above-described systems for image target recognition, and the method includes:

[0079] Laser source 1 emits laser light;

[0080] Beam splitter 2 splits the received laser into N laser beams of equal power;

[0081] Detection array 4 converts target image information into n1 radar received signals;

[0082] The MZI modulation array 3 receives N laser signals and n1 radar signals, modulates the n1 radar signals onto the N laser signals, and outputs M modulated laser signals.

[0083] Phase control unit 6 outputs n2 control signals;

[0084] The MZI operational array 5 receives M modulated laser signals and n2 control signals, performs phase adjustment on the M modulated laser signals according to the n2 control signals, and outputs n adjusted laser signals.

[0085] The photoelectric conversion unit 7 converts the n-channel adjusted laser into n-channel electrical signals, and uses the n-channel electrical signals to identify and classify the target image information.

[0086] In summary, this invention provides an MZI-based all-optical radar image target recognition system and method. Based on the principles of laser interferometry, laser phase modulation, and optical neural networks, the radar received signal output from the detector array 4 is directly modulated onto N laser phases, and classified through an optical network to achieve all-optical computation of radar signal processing. This improves the accuracy of radar target recognition while reducing radar operating power consumption.

[0087] The parts of this invention not described in detail are techniques known to those skilled in the art.

[0088] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0089] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0090] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0091] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-optical radar image target recognition system based on MZI, characterized in that, The system includes: A laser source used to emit laser light; A beam splitter is used to split the received laser into N laser beams of equal power. The detection array is used to convert target image information into n1 radar receive signals; The MZI modulation array is used to receive N laser signals and n1 radar signals, and also to modulate the n1 radar signals onto the N laser signals and output M modulated laser signals. Phase control unit, used to output n2 control signals; The MZI operational array is used to receive M modulated laser signals and n2 control signals, and also to perform phase adjustment on the M modulated laser signals according to the n2 control signals, and output n adjusted laser signals. The photoelectric conversion unit is used to convert n-channel adjusted lasers into n-channel electrical signals, and to recognize and classify target image information based on the n-channel electrical signals; The MZI modulation array includes n1 MZI units, which are arranged in multiple columns. The number of MZI units in each column increases by one in an arithmetic sequence. Each MZI unit is connected to two adjacent MZI units in the next column through an optical waveguide. The number of MZI units in the first column is N / 2, and the number of MZI units in the last column is M / 2.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MZI operational array includes n² MZI units, which are arranged in multiple columns. The number of MZI units in each column decreases by one in an arithmetic progression. Each MZI unit is connected to two adjacent MZI units in the next column via an optical waveguide. The number of MZI units in the first column is M / 2, and the number of MZI units in the last column is n / 2.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, n1 can be obtained from the following formula: n1 = (M+N)(M-N+2) / 8.

4. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, n2 can be obtained from the following formula: n2 = (M+n)(M-n+2) / 8.

5. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The MZI unit includes a 50:50 first beam splitter, a 50:50 second beam splitter, and a phase modulation module. The first beam splitter receives two incident laser beams and outputs two laser beams. The phase modulation module receives one laser beam and one electrical signal output from the first beam splitter, and also modulates the phase of one laser beam output from the first beam splitter according to the current electrical signal, and outputs the phase-modulated laser beam. The second beam splitter receives the phase-modulated laser beam and the other laser beam output from the first beam splitter, and outputs two laser beams. When the MZI unit belongs to the MZI modulation array, the electrical signal is a radar received signal; when the MZI unit belongs to the MZI operational array, the electrical signal is a control signal.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser source is a semiconductor laser or a fiber laser.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection array employs an optical imaging radar.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase control unit is a multi-channel voltage source.

9. A target recognition method for all-optical radar images based on MZI, characterized in that, The method employs the system described in any one of claims 1-8 for image target recognition, and the method includes: Laser light sources emit laser light; The beam splitter divides the received laser into N laser beams of equal power. The detection array converts target image information into n1 radar received signals; The MZI modulation array receives N laser signals and n1 radar signals, modulates the n1 radar signals onto the N laser signals, and outputs M modulated laser signals. The phase control unit outputs n2 control signals; The MZI operational array receives M modulated laser signals and n2 control signals, performs phase adjustment on the M modulated laser signals according to the n2 control signals, and outputs n adjusted laser signals. The photoelectric conversion unit converts n-channel adjusted laser light into n-channel electrical signals, and uses these n-channel electrical signals to identify and classify target image information.

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