New energy automobile energy consumption evaluation method based on typical climate characteristics

Abstract

The invention relates to a new energy automobile energy consumption evaluation method based on typical climate characteristics. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, establishing a typical climate region model; 2, establishing a typical test scene in combination with typical climate conditions; step 3, collecting power consumption data of the vehicle in different test scenes; and 4, energy consumption analysis and evaluation: establishing an energy consumption model, and analyzing the energy consumption condition in each typical test scene. According to the method, the energy consumption of the new energy vehicle in different use scenes can be comprehensively evaluated based on the typical climate characteristics, so that the evaluation is more objective and closer to the real use feeling of a user.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy consumption evaluation of new energy vehicles, and specifically, relates to a method for evaluating energy consumption of new energy vehicles based on China's diverse typical climate characteristics and multiple operating conditions. Background Art

[0002] The use of new energy vehicles is increasing, and electricity consumption is the focus of energy consumption of pure electric vehicles. At present, in my country, the energy consumption of new energy vehicles is mainly controlled according to the provisions of GB / T 18386.1-2021 "Test Method for Energy Consumption and Driving Range of Electric Vehicles Part 1: Light Vehicles". In the above standards, the energy consumption of vehicles is evaluated by standard operating conditions at specific standard temperatures, which fails to fully consider the impact of China's complex and changeable climatic conditions on energy consumption. However, users are actually facing more complex and changeable usage scenarios, so this evaluation method is one-sided and limited, and cannot objectively and comprehensively reflect the energy consumption of new energy vehicles.

[0003] Generally speaking, factors that affect the energy consumption of new energy vehicles include ambient temperature, air conditioning use, driving speed, load, etc. Differences in usage scenarios have a huge impact on energy consumption. China has a vast territory and significant climate differences in different regions. For example, the winter in the north is cold and the south is hot and humid. Climate conditions have a significant impact on the battery performance, drive system efficiency, and air conditioning system energy consumption of new energy vehicles. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new energy vehicle energy consumption evaluation method that can comprehensively consider China's typical climate characteristics in order to more accurately evaluate the comprehensive energy consumption performance of new energy vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the energy consumption of new energy vehicles based on typical climate characteristics. The method collects data of the vehicle under different climate conditions and in various vehicle usage scenarios, and establishes a multivariate model from multiple dimensions such as ambient temperature, vehicle speed, electrical appliance usage, load, road conditions, etc., to achieve accurate evaluation of energy consumption, which is closer to the actual vehicle usage of users.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for evaluating energy consumption of new energy vehicles based on typical climate characteristics, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, establish a typical climate regional model: by statistically analyzing the four-season temperatures in the main regions, extract the typical temperature characteristics of each region and season, and establish a typical climate regional model;

[0007] Step 2: Establish typical test scenarios: Take urban commuting, inter-city driving and parking waiting as the main driving scenarios, CLTC as the urban commuting driving condition, 120km / h as the inter-city driving condition, and establish typical test scenarios with typical climatic conditions and test loads;

[0008] Step 3, vehicle energy consumption data collection: collect vehicle power consumption data under different test scenarios;

[0009] Step 4: Energy consumption data analysis and evaluation: Establish an energy consumption model, analyze the power consumption in each typical test scenario, and evaluate the vehicle energy consumption. The energy consumption is calculated according to the following formula:

[0010] EC=E AC / BER

[0011] Where:

[0012] EC - Energy Consumption

[0013] E AC ——Charging power obtained from external

[0014] BER – driving range

[0015] The cruising range is calculated according to the following formula:

[0016]

[0017]

[0018] E REESS,CCP ——Change in REESS power before and after the test

[0019] EC DC ——Energy consumption based on REESS power change

[0020] ΔE REESS,j ——Electric energy change of all REESS in the jth speed interval

[0021] k——The number of speed intervals traveled by the vehicle, including the speed intervals that were not completed when the test was completed.

[0022] c——test cycle number

[0023] n——The number of complete test cycles driven by the vehicle, excluding the test cycles that were not completed when the test end criteria were reached

[0024] EC DC，c ——Energy consumption of the cth test cycle

[0025] Kc ——Weight coefficient of the cth test cycle

[0026] ΔE REESS,c ——Electric energy change of all REESS in the cth test cycle;

[0027] Traverse all test scenarios to obtain the comprehensive energy consumption of the vehicle model.

[0028] In particular, the temperature zones are divided according to the winter temperature gradient, namely cold winter areas, cold winter areas, cool winter areas and warm winter areas, with the temperature intervals being -25 to -30°C, -14 to -20°C, -3 to -9°C and 0 to 8°C respectively.

[0029] Furthermore, by combining the typical temperature characteristics of the target area and the test conditions, the corresponding EC value is selected and put into the model formula to obtain the energy consumption of the area with typical temperature characteristics: EC i(temp)综合 =

[0030] (k1*EC wci(temp) +k2*EC wgi(temp) +k1*EC sc +k2*EC sg +2*k1*EC cc +2*k2*EC cg )*0.245+(EC wti(temp) +EC st )*0.01

[0031] Where:

[0032] k1——the proportion of urban commuting mileage, which is allocated according to the statistical data;

[0033] k2——the proportion of inter-city driving mileage, which is allocated according to the statistical data;

[0034] EC wci(temp) ——Energy consumption of urban commuting in winter;

[0035] EC wgi(temp) ——Energy consumption of inter-city driving in winter;

[0036] EC sc ——Energy consumption of urban commuting in summer;

[0037] EC sg ——Energy consumption of inter-city driving in summer;

[0038] EC cc ——Energy consumption of urban commuting in spring and autumn;

[0039] EC cg ——Energy consumption of inter-city driving in spring and autumn;

[0040] EC st ——Energy consumption while waiting for parking in summer;

[0041] EC wti(temp) ——Energy consumption while waiting for parking in winter;

[0042] Then, all typical temperature areas are traversed to obtain the comprehensive energy consumption.

[0043] The beneficial technical effect embodied by the present invention is: the present invention provides an objective and comprehensive method for evaluating the energy consumption of new energy vehicles, which can comprehensively evaluate the energy consumption of new energy vehicles in different usage scenarios based on typical climate characteristics, making the evaluation more objective and closer to the user's actual usage experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for evaluating energy consumption of new energy vehicles based on typical climate characteristics in China.

[0045] Figure 2 This is the continuous test diagram of the conventional operating conditions method (CLTC).

[0046] Figure 3 This is the REESS cycle charge and discharge test diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] The present invention provides a method for evaluating energy consumption of new energy vehicles based on typical climate characteristics, the method comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Establish a typical climate regional model. Through a large amount of data statistics and analysis of the summer high temperature, summer average temperature, winter low temperature, winter average temperature and spring and autumn average temperature ranges of major cities (equivalent to major regions) across the country, a climate database is constructed to extract the typical temperature characteristics of each region and season, and establish a typical climate regional model. According to the characteristics of new energy vehicle batteries, typical temperature groups that have a greater impact on energy consumption are extracted to form vehicle test environment temperature groups. Based on the test environment temperature groups, user usage scenarios are constructed to determine the use of vehicle electrical appliances at various ambient temperatures, and form a mapping of electrical appliance usage corresponding to the temperature.

[0050] The temperature in my country is mainly seasonal and regional, and there are huge differences in the car usage environment for consumers in different regions in different seasons.

[0051] Typical temperatures in major cities across the country in each season are as follows, ℃:

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] Through the analysis of typical temperatures in major cities across the country in each season, it is found that in summer, due to the direct sunlight on the northern hemisphere, most parts of my country are generally hot, with the highest temperatures concentrated between 33℃ and 41℃; in spring and autumn, affected by the change of seasons, the temperature span is large, and the average daytime temperature is mainly concentrated between 14℃ and 27℃; in winter, the temperature difference between the north and the south is huge, and the temperature gradually decreases from south to north. The 0℃ isotherm in January is roughly along the Qinling Mountains.

[0055] —The Huaihe River is distributed along the same line. The lowest temperature in winter shows a stepped distribution by region, with ranges of -25 to -30℃, -14 to -20℃, -3 to -9℃, and 0 to 8℃ respectively. Therefore, it can be divided into four major areas according to the winter temperature gradient: cold winter area, cold winter area, cool winter area and warm winter area.

[0056] Environmental scenes Cold winter areas Cold winter areas Cool winter areas Warm winter areas winter -30～-10℃ -20～0℃ -10～0℃ 0～10℃ summer 35～40℃ 35～40℃ 35～40℃ 35～40℃ spring and autumn 18～25℃ 18～25℃ 18～25℃ 18～25℃

[0057] Based on this, referring to GB / T 18386.1-2021 "Test method for energy consumption and driving range of electric vehicles Part 1: Light vehicles", a unified temperature condition of 38°C can be used in summer, a unified temperature condition of 23°C can be used in spring and autumn, and the temperature conditions in winter can be set according to the winter temperature characteristics of different regions, -30°C in cold winter areas, -20°C in cold winter areas, -10°C in cool winter areas, and 0°C in warm winter areas.

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Step 2: Establish test scenarios. New energy vehicles are mainly used for commuting and daily travel in cities. The average monthly mileage of users is 1,330 kilometers, and the daily vehicle use scenario accounts for 85.7% within 100 kilometers. The average monthly driving days of users are 21.7 days, and more than 25 days account for 28.7%. Long-distance cross-city driving showed a significant growth trend in 2023. There were a total of 240 million long-distance trips throughout the year, accounting for about 3.8% of the total number of trips, an increase of 51.8% compared to 2022. The average mileage of a single cross-city trip also showed an upward trend, reaching 122 kilometers in 2023.

[0061] Therefore, according to the actual user usage scenarios, three scenarios are extracted as the main scenarios: urban commuting, inter-city driving and parking waiting. Then the vehicle test load is determined and the load is calculated according to GB / T 38146.1-2019.

[0062] "China's Vehicle Driving Conditions - Part 1: Light Vehicles", forming driving condition groups for each usage scenario.

[0063] Car use scenarios Working conditions winter summer Spring / Autumn City commuting CLTC Winter City Commuting Summer City Commuting Spring and Fall City Commuting Cross-city driving 120km / h Winter cross-city driving Summer cross-city driving Cross-city driving in spring and autumn Stop and wait still Winter parking waiting Summer parking waiting ——

[0064] The three major vehicle use scenarios of urban commuting, inter-city driving and parking waiting are the basic working conditions. Urban commuting is driven according to the CLTC standard working condition, inter-city driving is driven according to the 120km / h working condition, and parking waiting is obviously a static working condition. The driving scenario is combined with the ambient temperature settings of different seasons, and the scenarios are built by comprehensively considering the influencing factors such as vehicle speed, load, and the use of air-conditioning appliances, forming 8 test scenarios in each region. In spring and autumn, parking is generally not turned on for high-power electrical equipment such as air conditioning / heating, and the impact on the energy consumption of the whole vehicle can be ignored, so this scenario is not considered.

[0065] Step 3: Collect vehicle data. Under different test scenarios, turn on or off the corresponding electrical appliances, load the vehicle equally, conduct vehicle energy consumption tests, and collect data such as battery voltage, current, temperature, mileage, and real-time power consumption in each scenario.

[0066] 1) Test according to normal working conditions (CLTC): Figure 2 The test cycle is continued until the test termination conditions are met. Figure 3 As shown, from the time when the rechargeable energy storage system (REESS) of the vehicle is fully charged until the end of the test, the REESS should be made to go through the process from full charge to the minimum state of charge (SOC) at least once. The electrical appliances are as follows: the air conditioner and heater are turned off at normal temperature, the heater is turned on for heating at low temperature, and the air conditioner is turned on for cooling at high temperature. The resistance loading refers to Appendix CC of GB 18352.6-2016, and the test mass and sliding resistance are used to conduct the test on the chassis dynamometer using the CLTC working condition. When the test end condition is reached, the gear position remains unchanged, and the vehicle is allowed to slide to the minimum stable speed or 5km / h, and then the brake pedal is pressed to stop. After the test, the vehicle is charged within 2h, and the REESS charging is completed when the charging end standard is reached.

[0067] 2) Test at a constant speed of 120 km / h. The test preparation stage is the same as the conventional working condition method. Test at a constant speed of 120 km / h until the conditions for termination of the test are met. After the test, the vehicle is charged within 2 hours. When the charging end standard is met, the REESS charging is terminated.

[0068] 3) Parking test, the vehicle is started but not driven, the heater is turned on for heating in low temperature environment, and the air conditioner is turned on for cooling in high temperature environment. After standing for 12 hours, the vehicle is charged within 2 hours after the test. When the charging end standard is reached, the REESS charging is completed.

[0069] According to the 8 test scenarios mentioned above, a list of test items was established and the corresponding energy consumption was measured, as shown in the table below:

[0070]

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Step 4: Data analysis and evaluation. Process the collected data, calculate the vehicle energy consumption, analyze the impact of each test condition on energy consumption under various climatic conditions, establish an energy consumption model, and evaluate the vehicle's energy consumption.

[0074] The energy consumption is calculated based on the change in REESS electric energy at the beginning and end of the test under a specific test cycle and the vehicle's driving range. The energy consumption is calculated according to the following formula:

[0075] EC=E AC / BER

[0076] Where:

[0077] EC – energy consumption obtained from external sources, expressed in watt-hours per kilometer (Wh / km);

[0078] E AC ——The external charging power measured after the test, in watt-hours (Wh);

[0079] BER – driving range, in kilometers (km).

[0080] The cruising range is calculated according to the following formula:

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] Where:

[0084] E REESS,CCP ——The change in electric energy of REESS (rechargeable energy storage system) before and after the test, in watt-hours (Wh);

[0085] EC DC——Energy consumption based on the change in REESS electric energy, which can be measured by equipment in watt-hours per kilometer (Wh / km);

[0086] ΔE REESS,j ——Electric energy change of all REESS in the jth speed interval, in watt-hours (Wh);

[0087] k——the number of speed intervals traveled by the vehicle, including the speed intervals that were not completed when the test was completed;

[0088] c——serial number of the test cycle;

[0089] n is the number of complete test cycles driven by the vehicle, excluding test cycles that were not completed when the test completion criteria were met;

[0090] EC DC，c - the energy consumption of the cth test cycle, obtained by measurement, in watt-hours per kilometer (Wh / km);

[0091] K c ——weight coefficient of the cth test cycle;

[0092] ΔE REESS ,c——Electric energy change of all REESS in the cth test cycle, in watt-hour (Wh).

[0093] According to the typical temperature characteristics of the target area and the test conditions, the corresponding EC value is selected and put into the model formula to obtain the typical energy consumption of the area:

[0094] EC i(temp)综合 =

[0095] (k1*EC wci(temp) +k2*EC wgi(temp) +k1*EC sc +k2*EC sg +2*k1*EC cc +2*k2*EC cg )*0.245+(EC wti(temp) +EC st )*0.01

[0096] Where:

[0097] k1——the proportion of urban commuting mileage, which is allocated according to the statistical data;

[0098] k2——the proportion of inter-city driving mileage, which is allocated according to the statistical data;

[0099] 0.245 and 0.01 are empirical values, the purpose of which is to adjust the ratio. The driving energy consumption is high and the proportion is large.

[0100] In summary, it can be concluded that the comprehensive energy consumption of this model in each typical area is EC 综合 , such as the comprehensive energy consumption of cold winter, cold winter, cool winter and warm winter areas set above:

[0101] EC 综合 ={EC i(temp)综合 ,i(temp)=0℃,-10℃,-20℃,-30℃}.

[0102] It is also possible to average the comprehensive energy consumption of each typical area to obtain the average energy consumption of the vehicle model.

[0103] It is hoped that those skilled in the art can implement or use the above embodiments. However, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown, and equivalent modifications or replacements of these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments should also be protected without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating energy consumption of new energy vehicles based on typical climate characteristics, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, establish a typical climate regional model: by statistically analyzing the four-season temperatures in the main regions, extract the typical temperature characteristics of each region and season, and establish a typical climate regional model; Step 2: Establish typical test scenarios: Take urban commuting, inter-city driving and parking waiting as the main driving scenarios, CLTC as the urban commuting driving condition, 120km / h as the inter-city driving condition, and establish typical test scenarios with typical climatic conditions and test loads; Step 3, vehicle energy consumption data collection: collect vehicle power consumption data under different test scenarios; Step 4, energy consumption analysis and evaluation: Establish an energy consumption model, analyze the power consumption in each typical test scenario, and then traverse all test scenarios to obtain the comprehensive energy consumption of the vehicle model. The energy consumption of a single working condition is calculated according to the following formula: EC=E AC / BER Where: EC - Energy Consumption E AC ——Charging power obtained from external BER – driving range The cruising range is calculated according to the following formula: E REESS,CCP ——Change in the electric energy of REESS before and after the test; EC DC ——Energy consumption based on the change of REESS electric energy; ΔE REESS,j ——Electric energy change of all REESS in the jth speed interval; k——the number of speed intervals traveled by the vehicle, including the speed intervals that were not completed when the test was completed; c——serial number of the test cycle; n is the number of complete test cycles driven by the vehicle, excluding test cycles that were not completed when the test completion criteria were met; EC DC，c ——energy consumption of the cth test cycle; K c ——weight coefficient of the cth test cycle; ΔE REESS,c ——Electric energy change of all REESS in the cth test cycle.

2. The method for evaluating energy consumption of new energy vehicles based on typical climate characteristics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the winter temperature gradient, it is divided into cold winter area, cold winter area, cool winter area and warm winter area. The temperature intervals are -25 to -30℃, -14 to -20℃, -3 to -9℃ and 0 to 8℃ respectively. These four areas are divided as typical temperature areas.

3. The method for evaluating energy consumption of new energy vehicles based on typical climate characteristics according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: According to the typical temperature characteristics of the target area and the test conditions, the corresponding EC value is selected and put into the model formula to obtain the typical energy consumption of the area: EC i(temp)综合 =(k1*EC wci(temp) +k2*EC wgi(temp) +k1*EC sc +k2*EC sg +2*k1*EC cc +2*k2*EC cg )*0.245+(EC wti(temp) +EC st )*0.01 Where: k1——the proportion of urban commuting mileage, which is allocated according to the statistical data; k2——the proportion of inter-city driving mileage, which is allocated according to the statistical data; EC wci(temp) ——Energy consumption of urban commuting in winter; EC wgi(temp) ——Energy consumption of inter-city driving in winter; EC sc ——Energy consumption of urban commuting in summer; EC sg ——Energy consumption of inter-city driving in summer; EC cc ——Energy consumption of urban commuting in spring and autumn; EC cg ——Energy consumption of inter-city driving in spring and autumn; EC st ——Energy consumption while waiting for parking in summer; EC wti(temp) ——Energy consumption while waiting for parking in winter; Then, all typical temperature areas are traversed to obtain the comprehensive energy consumption.

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